EP3165290B1 - Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground - Google Patents

Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3165290B1
EP3165290B1 EP15193440.3A EP15193440A EP3165290B1 EP 3165290 B1 EP3165290 B1 EP 3165290B1 EP 15193440 A EP15193440 A EP 15193440A EP 3165290 B1 EP3165290 B1 EP 3165290B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
vibration
vibration generator
elements
control unit
imbalance elements
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EP15193440.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3165290A1 (en
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Sebastian Bauer
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Priority to EP15193440.3A priority Critical patent/EP3165290B1/en
Priority to CN201680064554.5A priority patent/CN108348960B/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/067919 priority patent/WO2017076525A1/en
Publication of EP3165290A1 publication Critical patent/EP3165290A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • B06B1/166—Where the phase-angle of masses mounted on counter-rotating shafts can be varied, e.g. variation of the vibration phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration generator for generating a directed vibration, with at least one vibration unit, which has at least a first pair of rotatably mounted first unbalance elements, which can be driven by a first rotary drive at a first speed, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for introducing a pile into a ground, in which the pile is held on a holding device of a vibration generator, which generates vibrations through which the pile is driven into the ground, according to the preamble of claim 13
  • a vibration generator which generates vibrations through which the pile is driven into the ground.
  • Such vibration generators which are also known as vibrating bears, have unbalance elements that are driven in rotation. These are usually driven in opposite directions in pairs. In this way, vertically directed force effects can be achieved, while transverse forces cancel each other out due to the opposing drive. With these conventional vibration generators, an additional static load is necessary to drive a pile into the ground.
  • vibration generators which are designed for directional vibration and do not require any additional load.
  • These known vibration generators for directed vibration have unbalance elements with different unbalances.
  • the unbalance elements with smaller unbalances are driven to rotate several times faster than the unbalance elements with the larger unbalances.
  • a pronounced force effect preferably downwards, can be generated.
  • the different speeds are achieved in that the unbalance elements mesh with one another via gears with different numbers of teeth and are driven in rotation by a rotary drive.
  • vibration generators Another known problem with vibration generators is passing through a resonance frequency range. This can result in considerably increased amplitudes, which lead to damage to the bearings of the vibration generator or to the construction as a whole. Particularly when a vibration generator is used in inner city areas, resonance vibrations can lead to damage to adjacent structures.
  • the U.S. 5,911,280 discloses a vibration generator with a pair of unbalanced masses of identical design, which are each arranged on a shaft and are driven via separate rotary drives which are driven by the same hydraulic source.
  • the U.S. 5,984,107 discloses a vibration drive consisting of two shafts on which two unbalanced masses are arranged.
  • the shafts each have a drive, the shafts being connected to one another via a coupling belt to provide synchronous rotation.
  • the EP 2 789 402 A1 teaches a vibration exciter with two mutually parallel shafts and at least two unbalanced masses which are attached to one or more of the shafts, a swivel motor for adjusting the relative rotational position of the unbalanced masses to each other is arranged, comprising a swivel motor shaft and a swivel motor housing, the swivel motor shaft being part of a of the shafts and the rotational position of the swivel motor housing can be changed relative to the swivel motor shaft, the swivel motor being arranged axially offset in such a way that it is arranged outside the area swept by the unbalanced masses.
  • the shafts with the unbalanced masses are mechanically coupled to one another.
  • the EP 1 481 739 A1 relates to a vibration device which is formed with two pairs of unbalanced masses of identical design.
  • the two pairs of unbalanced masses are designed to be drivable via separate rotary drives.
  • the drives are designed, in particular, to ensure a synchronous rotational speed of the two unbalanced pairs with one another and to set the relative position of the unbalanced pair masses to one another.
  • a generic vibration generator is from US 2009/0241704 A1 known.
  • the pairs of unbalance elements are mechanically coupled via meshing gears.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a vibration generator and a method for introducing a pile into a soil, with which a particularly efficient and gentle operation is made possible.
  • a basic idea of the invention consists in providing at least two pairs of unbalance elements that are mechanically decoupled from one another in a vibration generator for generating a directed vibration. These are each driven to rotate by at least one dedicated rotary drive. There is no provision for mechanical coupling between the two pairs of imbalances by means of intermeshing gears. Rather, the rotational speeds are coordinated with one another in electrical and / or hydraulic ways via a control unit.
  • the term “electrical control unit” is to be interpreted broadly and also includes electronic control components. With this control unit and the drive-related decoupling of the at least two pairs of unbalance elements, the respective speeds can be set differently. In this way, passing through critical frequency ranges can be avoided or at least significantly shortened.
  • the pairs of unbalance elements have at least two, three or more unbalance elements, each with one unbalance. The unbalance elements of a pair rotate in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the second speed of the second unbalance elements is a multiple of the first speed of the first unbalance elements.
  • the two sine curves of the rotating unbalance elements can be superimposed, the period of the sine curve of the first unbalance elements being a multiple of the period of the sine curve of the second unbalance elements.
  • a directed oscillation can be generated by this superposition.
  • the maximum of the superimposed vibration is directed downwards.
  • ramming material is pulled, a pronounced force effect can be generated upwards.
  • the driving in of piling material can in principle be carried out without additional load or tensile force. According to the invention, however, it is not excluded that, in addition to the directional oscillation, a corresponding Push and pull device an additional force is exerted on the vibration generator and thus on the pile.
  • the vibration generator can be formed from two or more differently constructed vibration units.
  • only one oscillation unit can be provided with first and second unbalance elements, while a second oscillation unit is only provided with unbalance elements of the same design.
  • Two or more oscillation units are preferably arranged, which are controlled via a common control unit.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention can consist in that the first oscillation unit is designed in the same way as the second oscillation unit.
  • the two or more vibration units have the same structure with first and second unbalance elements.
  • the first unbalance elements have a first unbalance and thus a first static moment, which differs from a second unbalance and a corresponding second static moment of the second unbalance elements.
  • control unit is connected to at least one first sensor device, by means of which the first speed of the first unbalance elements and / or the second speed of the second unbalance elements can be determined.
  • the term control unit in the context of the invention is to be understood in general terms and can also include regulation.
  • the sensor device can in particular be an optical, inductive, capacitive or other rotary pick-up.
  • each vibration unit can be provided with one or more sensor devices. A particularly simple embodiment is given by the fact that a sensor device is only provided on one vibration unit.
  • control unit is connected to the first rotary drive and / or the second rotary drive, the control unit being able to set and change the first speed and / or the second speed.
  • the rotary drives can be electric drives or preferably hydraulic drives. An operator can thus set a suitable speed on the rotary drives. The speed can also be set automatically or semi-automatically by selecting a program.
  • the control unit can have a corresponding database in which corresponding control programs and speed specifications are stored.
  • each vibration unit can have more than two rotary drives.
  • a vibration unit typically has two individual rotary drives.
  • it is preferred that several unbalance elements of a vibration unit are connected via intermeshing drive gears and are driven to rotate. If the unbalance elements of a pair are driven at the same speed, the gears have the same number of teeth.
  • At least one phase adjustment device is provided with which a rotational position of the unbalance elements can be changed relative to one another. This is particularly advantageous when several pairs of unbalance elements are provided in a vibration unit.
  • the adjusting device has an adjusting motor which can be controlled by the control unit.
  • the control unit can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.
  • control unit is connected to at least one second sensor device, by means of which a phase position of the unbalance elements of a vibration unit can be determined.
  • Optical, inductive, capacitive or other sensors can also be provided for determining the respective rotational position of the unbalance elements in relation to one another.
  • unbalance elements of a vibration unit can be arranged together in a housing or on a carrier element.
  • the first pair of first unbalance elements are arranged in a first housing and the second pair of second unbalance elements are arranged in a second housing.
  • the housings are designed separately from one another.
  • the bearings of one or more housings can have damping elements.
  • a connecting device is provided with which the first housing and the second housing can be connected to one another.
  • the two pairs can be separated.
  • One pair of vibrations would vibrate more or less freely or would only be connected to the other pair of vibrations via a soft spring.
  • the detachable and actuatable connecting device for example by manually or hydraulically actuated locking bolts
  • the housings or pairs of vibrations are rigidly connected to one another.
  • a connection by means of cylinders a connection by means of a toggle lever mechanism can also be provided.
  • an elastic damping element can be pressed together between the two housings so that the two housings do not hit one another.
  • Such a damping element arranged between the oscillation units would only absorb energy during a short phase.
  • the oscillation pairs would not yet touch each other, in the connected state the damping element would be compressed and the housing with the pairs of unbalance elements arranged therein would be in direct contact.
  • a particularly simple structure is achieved in that the first imbalance elements are designed differently from the second imbalance elements in order to generate a directed oscillation.
  • the second vibration unit can thus be designed as a simple unit or a simple vibrator which cannot generate any directional vibration.
  • only the first vibration unit with first unbalance elements and second unbalance elements would be designed to generate a directed vibration.
  • the third unbalance elements in the second oscillation unit can be designed to be identical to or different from the first unbalance elements.
  • the invention further relates to a construction machine according to claim 12 with a carrier device and a mast, along which a vibration generator is mounted so that it can be moved essentially vertically.
  • a vibration generator is provided as described above.
  • the construction machine is in particular a so-called vibrator, as it is used in basic construction and is basically known.
  • the method according to the invention for inserting a pile into a ground is characterized in that the vibrations are generated with a vibration generator as described above.
  • the rotational speeds of the two pairs of vibrations can be changed by means of a control unit and the rotational speeds can thus be coordinated with one another.
  • the change in the coordination can take place depending on the type of soil and / or on the respective task, such as driving in or pulling the pile.
  • the speed setting and speed change can take place automatically or semi-automatically by the control unit in accordance with stored control programs, in particular when the vibration generator is running up.
  • a preferred variant of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the pile is a pile, a girder or a sheet pile.
  • a vibration generator 10 according to the invention with a vibration unit 20 is shown.
  • the vibration unit 20 has a lower box-shaped first housing 21a with three first unbalance elements 22, each with a first shaft 23.
  • Each first shaft 23 of the identically constructed, first unbalance elements 22 comprises a first unbalance 24, a first drive gear 25 and a phase adjustment gear 26 arranged at a distance from it.
  • a torque from a lower first rotary drive 27 is generated by a central first unbalance element 22 the two further adjoining first unbalance elements 22 are transmitted by means of the first drive gears 25 meshing with one another.
  • a rotational position of the first unbalance elements 22 can be changed by means of a first phase adjustment device 28 with an adjustment motor 29.
  • the change in the rotational position is brought about via the first adjusting gearwheels 26 which mesh with one another.
  • two second unbalance elements 32 are arranged in an upper cuboid second housing 21b.
  • the second unbalance elements 32 each have a second shaft 33, a second unbalance 34, a second drive gear 35 and a second phase adjustment gear 36.
  • the second unbalance elements 32 are driven via an upper, second rotary drive 37.
  • a phase adjustment is achieved via a second phase adjustment device 38 with a second adjustment motor 39.
  • the first unbalance elements 22 and the second unbalance elements 32 are separate and mechanically decoupled with regard to the torque drive.
  • the lower first housing 21a and the upper second housing 21b, which are each box-shaped, are coupled to one another via a releasable connecting device 50.
  • the connecting device 50 is designed as a bolt connection.
  • the rotational speeds of the unbalance elements in the vibration unit 20 are coordinated and changed by means of a central control unit 60, which can in particular include a computer unit.
  • the control unit 60 records a speed and / or a rotational position of the first unbalance elements 22 via a first sensor device 66 and a rotational speed and / or rotational position of the second unbalance elements 32 of the vibration unit 20 via a second sensor device 68 and controls their rotary drives 27, 37.
  • the control unit 60 controls a first hydraulic pump 62, which in particular supplies the lower, second rotary drive 47, and a second hydraulic pump 64, which in particular operates the upper, second rotary drive.
  • the control can in particular take place in such a way that that the same or even multiple speeds of the second unbalance elements 32 to the speeds of the first unbalance elements 22 are achieved.
  • speed changes between the different pairs of unbalance elements of the vibration unit 20 can be set in a targeted manner, in particular by a predetermined control program. In this way, in particular, undesired resonance frequencies can be avoided or at least passed through particularly quickly.
  • first adjusting motor 29 and the second adjusting motor 39 can be actuated via the control unit 60 via control lines (not shown), a defined rotational position being set for the respective unbalance elements 22, 32.
  • All drives and adjusting elements of the vibration unit 20 are preferably connected to the control unit 60 and can be controlled and adjusted accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schwingungserzeuger zum Erzeugen einer gerichteten Schwingung, mit mindestens einer Schwingungseinheit, welche mindestens ein erstes Paar drehbar gelagerte erste Unwuchtelemente aufweist, welche mittels eines ersten Drehantriebes mit einer ersten Drehzahl antreibbar sind, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a vibration generator for generating a directed vibration, with at least one vibration unit, which has at least a first pair of rotatably mounted first unbalance elements, which can be driven by a first rotary drive at a first speed, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Rammgutes in einen Boden, bei dem das Rammgut an einer Halteeinrichtung eines Schwingungserzeugers gehalten wird, welche Schwingungen erzeugt, durch welche das Rammgut in den Boden eingetrieben wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 13. Schwingungserzeuger sind seit Langem im Grundbau bekannt, etwa zum Einbringen von Spundwandbohlen in einen Boden. Derartige Schwingungserzeuger, welche auch Vibrationsbären genannt werden, weisen rotierend angetriebene Unwucht-elemente auf. Diese sind üblicherweise paarweise gegenläufig angetrieben. Hierdurch können vertikal gerichtete Kraftwirkungen erzielt werden, während sich durch das gegenläufige Antreiben Querkräfte gegeneinander aufheben. Bei diesen herkömmlichen Schwingungserzeugern ist zum Eintreiben eines Rammgutes in den Boden eine zusätzliche statische Auflast notwendig.The invention further relates to a method for introducing a pile into a ground, in which the pile is held on a holding device of a vibration generator, which generates vibrations through which the pile is driven into the ground, according to the preamble of claim 13 Known for a long time in foundation engineering, for example for inserting sheet piles into a ground. Such vibration generators, which are also known as vibrating bears, have unbalance elements that are driven in rotation. These are usually driven in opposite directions in pairs. In this way, vertically directed force effects can be achieved, while transverse forces cancel each other out due to the opposing drive. With these conventional vibration generators, an additional static load is necessary to drive a pile into the ground.

Aus der EP 2 105 214 A1 und der EP 2 158 976 B1 sind Schwingungserzeuger bekannt, welche für ein gerichtetes Schwingen ausgebildet sind und keine zusätzliche Auflast benötigen. Diese bekannten Schwingungserzeuger für eine gerichtete Schwingung weisen dabei Unwuchtelemente mit unterschiedlichen Unwuchten auf. Dabei werden die Unwuchtelemente mit kleineren Unwuchten um ein Mehrfaches schneller rotierend angetrieben, wie die Unwuchtelemente mit den größeren Unwuchten. Durch die Überlagerung der jeweils sinusförmigen Schwingungsverläufe, welche eine unterschiedliche Periode aufweisen, kann eine ausgeprägte Kraftwirkung vorzugsweise nach unten erzeugt werden. Die unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen werden dadurch erreicht, dass die Unwuchtelemente über Zahnräder mit unterschiedlicher Zähnezahl miteinander kämmen und drehend von einem Drehantrieb angetrieben sind.From the EP 2 105 214 A1 and the EP 2 158 976 B1 vibration generators are known which are designed for directional vibration and do not require any additional load. These known vibration generators for directed vibration have unbalance elements with different unbalances. The unbalance elements with smaller unbalances are driven to rotate several times faster than the unbalance elements with the larger unbalances. Through the overlay of the respective sinusoidal waveforms, which have a different period, a pronounced force effect, preferably downwards, can be generated. The different speeds are achieved in that the unbalance elements mesh with one another via gears with different numbers of teeth and are driven in rotation by a rotary drive.

Insbesondere beim Einbringen von Rammgut in bindigen Böden besteht das Problem, dass der Baugrund an dem Rammgut bei bestimmten relativ kleinen Schwingungsfrequenzen am Rammgut anhaften kann. Damit verändert und vergrößert sich die anzutreibende schwingende Masse. Hierdurch sinkt die Amplitude der Rammgutschwingung und kann zu einem Erliegen führen. In diesem Fall würde die gesamte Energie ohne Vortrieb in Bodenschwingung umgesetzt werden. Ein Durchfahren dieser Schwingungsbereiche ist problematisch und wird dadurch zu umgehen versucht, möglichst leistungsstarke Schwingungserzeuger vorzusehen. Diese sind jedoch in der Anschaffung und im Betrieb kostenaufwändig und sind zudem mit einer erhöhten Lärmabstrahlung verbunden.In particular when piling material is introduced into cohesive soils, there is the problem that the subsoil can adhere to the material to be driven at certain relatively low vibration frequencies on the material to be driven. This changes and increases the oscillating mass to be driven. This reduces the amplitude of the pile vibration and can lead to a standstill. In this case, the entire energy would be converted into ground vibration without propulsion. Driving through these oscillation ranges is problematic and attempts are made to circumvent this by providing oscillation generators that are as powerful as possible. However, these are expensive to purchase and operate and are also associated with increased noise emissions.

Ein weiteres bekanntes Problem bei Schwingungserzeugern ist ein Durchfahren eines Resonanzfrequenzbereiches. Hierbei können sich erhebliche vergrößerte Amplituden ergeben, welche zu Schäden an den Lagern des Schwingungserzeugers oder der Konstruktion insgesamt führen. Insbesondere beim Einsatz eines Schwingungserzeugers in Innenstadtbereichen können Resonanzschwingungen zu Beschädigungen an angrenzenden Bauwerken führen.Another known problem with vibration generators is passing through a resonance frequency range. This can result in considerably increased amplitudes, which lead to damage to the bearings of the vibration generator or to the construction as a whole. Particularly when a vibration generator is used in inner city areas, resonance vibrations can lead to damage to adjacent structures.

Die US 5,911,280 offenbart einen Schwingungserzeuger mit einem Paar von gleich ausgebildeten Unwuchtmassen, welche jeweils an einer Welle angeordnet sind und über separate Drehantriebe angetrieben werden, welche durch die selbe hydraulische Quelle angetrieben werden.The U.S. 5,911,280 discloses a vibration generator with a pair of unbalanced masses of identical design, which are each arranged on a shaft and are driven via separate rotary drives which are driven by the same hydraulic source.

Die US 5,984,107 offenbart einen Vibrationsantrieb, bestehend aus zwei Wellen, an welchen zwei Unwuchtmassen angeordnet sind. Die Wellen weisen jeweils einen Antrieb auf, wobei die Wellen über ein Kopplungsband miteinander zum Bereitstellen einer synchronen Rotation verbunden sind.The U.S. 5,984,107 discloses a vibration drive consisting of two shafts on which two unbalanced masses are arranged. The shafts each have a drive, the shafts being connected to one another via a coupling belt to provide synchronous rotation.

Die EP 2 789 402 A1 lehrt einen Schwingungserreger mit zwei zueinander parallel angeordneten Wellen sowie wenigstens zwei Unwuchtmassen, die auf einer oder mehreren der Wellen befestigt sind, wobei ein Schwenkmotor zum Verstellen der relativen Drehposition der Unwuchtmassen zueinander angeordnet ist, umfassend eine Schwenkmotorwelle und ein Schwenkmotorgehäuse, wobei die Schwenkmotorwelle Bestandteil einer der Wellen ist und die Drehstellung des Schwenkmotorgehäuses relativ zur Schwenkmotorwelle veränderbar ist, wobei der Schwenkmotor derart axial versetzt angeordnet ist, dass er außerhalb dem von den Unwuchtmassen überstrichenen Bereich angeordnet ist. Die Wellen mit den Unwuchtmassen sind mechanisch miteinander gekoppelt.The EP 2 789 402 A1 teaches a vibration exciter with two mutually parallel shafts and at least two unbalanced masses which are attached to one or more of the shafts, a swivel motor for adjusting the relative rotational position of the unbalanced masses to each other is arranged, comprising a swivel motor shaft and a swivel motor housing, the swivel motor shaft being part of a of the shafts and the rotational position of the swivel motor housing can be changed relative to the swivel motor shaft, the swivel motor being arranged axially offset in such a way that it is arranged outside the area swept by the unbalanced masses. The shafts with the unbalanced masses are mechanically coupled to one another.

Die EP 1 481 739 A1 betrifft eine Vibrationsvorrichtung, welche mit zwei Paaren von gleichartig ausgebildeten Unwuchtmassen gebildet ist. Die beiden Paare von Unwuchtmassen sind über separate Drehantriebe antreibbar ausgebildet. Die Antriebe sind insbesondere dazu ausgebildet, eine synchrone Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der beiden Unwuchtpaare zueinander zu gewährleisten und die relative Position der Unwuchtpaarmassen zueinander einzustellen.The EP 1 481 739 A1 relates to a vibration device which is formed with two pairs of unbalanced masses of identical design. The two pairs of unbalanced masses are designed to be drivable via separate rotary drives. The drives are designed, in particular, to ensure a synchronous rotational speed of the two unbalanced pairs with one another and to set the relative position of the unbalanced pair masses to one another.

Ein gattungsgemäßer Schwingungserzeuger ist aus der US 2009/0241704 A1 bekannt. Die Paare von Unwuchtelementen sind über miteinander kämmende Zahnräder mechanisch gekoppelt.A generic vibration generator is from US 2009/0241704 A1 known. The pairs of unbalance elements are mechanically coupled via meshing gears.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schwingungserzeuger und ein Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Rammgutes in einen Boden anzugeben, mit welchen ein besonders effizienter und schonender Betrieb ermöglicht wird.The invention is based on the object of specifying a vibration generator and a method for introducing a pile into a soil, with which a particularly efficient and gentle operation is made possible.

Die Aufgabe wird zum einen durch einen Schwingungserzeuger mit dem Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 und zum anderen durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved on the one hand by a vibration generator with the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a method with the features of claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, bei einem Schwingungserzeuger zum Erzeugen einer gerichteten Schwingung mindestens zwei zueinander mechanisch entkoppelte Paare von Unwuchtelementen vorzusehen. Diese werden dabei jeweils von mindestens einem eigenen Drehantrieb drehend angetrieben. Eine mechanische Kopplung durch miteinander kämmende Zahnräder zwischen den beiden Unwuchtpaaren ist nicht vorgesehen. Vielmehr erfolgt eine Abstimmung der Drehzahlen zueinander auf elektrisch und/oder hydraulischen Wege über eine Steuereinheit. Der Begriff einer elektrischen Steuereinheit ist dabei weit auszulegen und umfasst auch elektronische Steuerungskomponenten. Mit dieser Steuereinheit und der antriebsmäßigen Entkopplung der mindestens zwei Paare von Unwuchtelementen können die jeweiligen Drehzahlen unterschiedlich eingestellt werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein Durchfahren kritischer Frequenzbereiche vermieden werden oder zumindest erheblich verkürzt werden. Dabei weisen die Paare von Unwuchtelementen, mindestens zwei, drei oder mehr Unwuchtelemente mit jeweils einer Unwucht auf. Die Unwuchtelemente eines Paares rotieren dabei in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung.A basic idea of the invention consists in providing at least two pairs of unbalance elements that are mechanically decoupled from one another in a vibration generator for generating a directed vibration. These are each driven to rotate by at least one dedicated rotary drive. There is no provision for mechanical coupling between the two pairs of imbalances by means of intermeshing gears. Rather, the rotational speeds are coordinated with one another in electrical and / or hydraulic ways via a control unit. The term “electrical control unit” is to be interpreted broadly and also includes electronic control components. With this control unit and the drive-related decoupling of the at least two pairs of unbalance elements, the respective speeds can be set differently. In this way, passing through critical frequency ranges can be avoided or at least significantly shortened. The pairs of unbalance elements have at least two, three or more unbalance elements, each with one unbalance. The unbalance elements of a pair rotate in the opposite direction of rotation.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die zweite Drehzahl der zweiten Unwuchtelemente ein Vielfaches der ersten Drehzahl der ersten Unwuchtelemente beträgt. Auf diese Weise können die beiden Sinusverläufe der umlaufenden Unwuchtelemente überlagert werden, wobei die Periode des Sinusverlaufes der ersten Unwuchtelemente ein Vielfaches der Periode des Sinusverlaufes der zweiten Unwuchtelemente ist. Durch diese Überlagerung kann insbesondere eine gerichtete Schwingung erzeugt werden. Für das Eintreiben eines Rammgutes in den Boden ist das Maximum der überlagerten Schwingung nach unten gerichtet. Entsprechend kann bei einem Ziehen von Rammgut eine ausgeprägte Kraftwirkung nach oben erzeugt werden. Das Eintreiben von Rammgut kann dabei grundsätzlich ohne zusätzliche Auflast beziehungsweise Zugkraft durchgeführt werden. Nach der Erfindung ist es jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen, dass zusätzlich zu der gerichteten Schwingung über eine entsprechende Druck- und Zugeinrichtung eine zusätzliche Kraft auf den Schwingungserzeuger und damit auf das Rammgut ausgeübt wird.A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the second speed of the second unbalance elements is a multiple of the first speed of the first unbalance elements. In this way, the two sine curves of the rotating unbalance elements can be superimposed, the period of the sine curve of the first unbalance elements being a multiple of the period of the sine curve of the second unbalance elements. In particular, a directed oscillation can be generated by this superposition. For driving a pile into the ground, the maximum of the superimposed vibration is directed downwards. Correspondingly, when ramming material is pulled, a pronounced force effect can be generated upwards. The driving in of piling material can in principle be carried out without additional load or tensile force. According to the invention, however, it is not excluded that, in addition to the directional oscillation, a corresponding Push and pull device an additional force is exerted on the vibration generator and thus on the pile.

Grundsätzlich kann der Schwingungserzeuger aus zwei oder mehr unterschiedlich aufgebauten Schwingungseinheiten ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere kann nur eine Schwingungseinheit mit ersten und zweiten Unwuchtelementen versehen sein, während eine zweite Schwingungseinheit nur mit gleich ausgebildeten Unwuchtelementen versehen ist. Vorzugsweise sind zwei oder mehr Schwingungseinheiten angeordnet, welche über eine gemeinsame Steuereinheit gesteuert sind.In principle, the vibration generator can be formed from two or more differently constructed vibration units. In particular, only one oscillation unit can be provided with first and second unbalance elements, while a second oscillation unit is only provided with unbalance elements of the same design. Two or more oscillation units are preferably arranged, which are controlled via a common control unit.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, dass die erste Schwingungseinheit gleich ausgebildet ist wie die zweite Schwingungseinheit. Somit weisen die beiden oder mehr Schwingungseinheiten den gleichen Aufbau mit ersten und zweiten Unwuchtelementen auf. Die ersten Unwuchtelemente weisen eine erste Unwucht und somit ein erstes statisches Moment auf, welches sich von einer zweiten Unwucht und einem entsprechenden zweiten statischen Moment der zweiten Unwuchtelemente unterscheiden.A preferred embodiment of the invention can consist in that the first oscillation unit is designed in the same way as the second oscillation unit. Thus, the two or more vibration units have the same structure with first and second unbalance elements. The first unbalance elements have a first unbalance and thus a first static moment, which differs from a second unbalance and a corresponding second static moment of the second unbalance elements.

Eine besonders effiziente Steuerung wird nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, dass die Steuereinheit mit mindestens einer ersten Sensoreinrichtung verbunden ist, durch welche die erste Drehzahl der ersten Unwuchtelemente und/oder die zweite Drehzahl der zweiten Unwuchtelemente ermittelbar ist. Der Begriff der Steuereinheit im Sinne der Erfindung ist dabei allgemein zu verstehen und kann auch ein Regeln umfassen. Die Sensoreinrichtung kann insbesondere ein optischer, induktiver, kapazitiver oder sonstiger Drehaufnehmer sein. Grundsätzlich kann jede Schwingungseinheit mit einer oder mehreren Sensoreinrichtungen versehen sein. Eine besonders einfache Ausführung ist dadurch gegeben, dass lediglich an einer Schwingungseinheit eine Sensoreinrichtung vorgesehen ist.According to a development of the invention, a particularly efficient control is achieved in that the control unit is connected to at least one first sensor device, by means of which the first speed of the first unbalance elements and / or the second speed of the second unbalance elements can be determined. The term control unit in the context of the invention is to be understood in general terms and can also include regulation. The sensor device can in particular be an optical, inductive, capacitive or other rotary pick-up. In principle, each vibration unit can be provided with one or more sensor devices. A particularly simple embodiment is given by the fact that a sensor device is only provided on one vibration unit.

Eine effiziente Steuerung wird nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass die Steuereinheit mit dem ersten Drehantrieb und/oder dem zweiten Drehantrieb in Verbindung steht, wobei die Steuereinheit die erste Drehzahl und/oder die zweite Drehzahl einstellbar und veränderbar ist. Bei den Drehantrieben kann es sich um Elektroantriebe oder vorzugsweise um Hydraulikantriebe handeln. Ein Bediener kann so eine geeignete Drehzahl an den Drehantrieben einstellen. Die Drehzahl kann auch durch eine Programmauswahl automatisch oder halbautomatisch erfolgen. Die Steuereinheit kann hierzu eine entsprechende Datenbank aufweisen, in welcher entsprechende Steuerprogramme und Drehzahlvorgaben hinterlegt sind.According to a further embodiment of the invention, efficient control is achieved in that the control unit is connected to the first rotary drive and / or the second rotary drive, the control unit being able to set and change the first speed and / or the second speed. The rotary drives can be electric drives or preferably hydraulic drives. An operator can thus set a suitable speed on the rotary drives. The speed can also be set automatically or semi-automatically by selecting a program. For this purpose, the control unit can have a corresponding database in which corresponding control programs and speed specifications are stored.

Grundsätzlich kann jede Schwingungseinheit mehr als zwei Drehantriebe aufweisen. Typischerweise weist eine Schwingungseinheit zwei einzelne Drehantriebe auf. Dabei ist es nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bevorzugt, dass mehrere Unwuchtelemente einer Schwingungseinheit über miteinander kämmenden Antriebszahnrädern in Verbindung stehen und drehend angetrieben sind. Sofern die Unwuchtelemente eines Paares mit derselben Drehzahl angetrieben werden, weisen die Zahnräder eine gleiche Zähnezahl auf..In principle, each vibration unit can have more than two rotary drives. A vibration unit typically has two individual rotary drives. According to one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that several unbalance elements of a vibration unit are connected via intermeshing drive gears and are driven to rotate. If the unbalance elements of a pair are driven at the same speed, the gears have the same number of teeth.

Zur Veränderung der Schwingung und insbesondere der Schwingungsamplitude ist es gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass mindestens eine Phasenverstelleinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher eine Drehposition der Unwuchtelemente zueinander veränderbar ist. Diese ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn mehrere Paare von Unwuchtelementen in einer Schwingungseinheit vorgesehen sind.In order to change the oscillation and in particular the oscillation amplitude, it is provided according to a further development of the invention that at least one phase adjustment device is provided with which a rotational position of the unbalance elements can be changed relative to one another. This is particularly advantageous when several pairs of unbalance elements are provided in a vibration unit.

Für eine umfassende Steuerung ist es dabei vorteilhaft, dass die Verstelleinrichtung einen Verstellmotor aufweist, welcher durch die Steuereinheit steuerbar ist. Die Steuereinheit kann ein Elektromotor oder ein Hydraulikmotor sein.For comprehensive control, it is advantageous that the adjusting device has an adjusting motor which can be controlled by the control unit. The control unit can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Steuerung wird nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass die Steuereinheit mit mindestens einer zweiten Sensoreinrichtung verbunden ist, durch welche eine Phasenlage der Unwuchtelemente einer Schwingungseinheit ermittelbar ist. Es können dabei ebenfalls optische, induktive, kapazitive oder sonstige Sensoren zur Bestimmung der jeweiligen Drehposition der Unwuchtelemente zueinander vorgesehen sein.According to a further development of the invention, a further improvement in the control is achieved in that the control unit is connected to at least one second sensor device, by means of which a phase position of the unbalance elements of a vibration unit can be determined. Optical, inductive, capacitive or other sensors can also be provided for determining the respective rotational position of the unbalance elements in relation to one another.

Grundsätzlich können Unwuchtelemente einer Schwingungseinheit gemeinsam in einem Gehäuse oder an einem Trägerelement angeordnet sein.In principle, unbalance elements of a vibration unit can be arranged together in a housing or on a carrier element.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das erste Paar von ersten Unwuchtelementen in einem ersten Gehäuse und das zweite Paar von zweiten Unwuchtelementen in einem zweiten Gehäuse angeordnet sind. Die Gehäuse sind getrennt voneinander ausgebildet. Die Lagerungen einer oder mehrerer Gehäuse können dabei Dämpfungselemente aufweisen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first pair of first unbalance elements are arranged in a first housing and the second pair of second unbalance elements are arranged in a second housing. The housings are designed separately from one another. The bearings of one or more housings can have damping elements.

Für eine Kombination und eine Überlagerung der Schwingungen der beiden Paare von Unwuchtelementen, auch Schwingungspaare genannt, ist es nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bevorzugt, dass eine Verbindungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher das erste Gehäuse und das zweite Gehäuse miteinander verbindbar sind. So können etwa bei einem Hochlaufen des Schwingungserzeugers die beiden Paare getrennt sein. Dabei würde ein Schwingungspaar quasi frei schwingen oder lediglich über eine weiche Feder mit dem anderen Schwingungspaar verbunden sein. In einem verbundenen Fall, welcher durch die lösbare und betätigbare Verbindungseinrichtung etwa durch manuell oder hydraulisch betätigbare Riegelbolzen, erreicht werden kann, werden die Gehäuse oder Schwingungspaare starr miteinander verbunden. Neben einer Verbindung mittels Hydraulikzylindern kann auch eine Verbindung durch einen Kniehebelmechanismus vorgesehen sein. In einer kurzen Übergangszeit zwischen dem verbundenen und dem getrennten Zustand kann ein elastisches Dämpfungselement zwischen den beiden Gehäusen zusammengepresst werden, so dass die beiden Gehäuse nicht aufeinanderschlagen. Ein derartiges, zwischen den Schwingungseinheiten angeordnetes Dämpfungselement würde so nur während einer kurzen Phase Energie aufnehmen. Im getrennten Zustand würden sich die Schwingungspaare noch nicht berühren, im verbundenen Zustand wäre das Dämpfungselement zusammengedrückt und die Gehäuse mit den darin angeordneten Paaren von Unwuchtelementen wären im direkten Kontakt.For a combination and superimposition of the vibrations of the two pairs of unbalance elements, also called vibration pairs, it is preferred according to one embodiment of the invention that a connecting device is provided with which the first housing and the second housing can be connected to one another. For example, when the vibration generator starts up, the two pairs can be separated. One pair of vibrations would vibrate more or less freely or would only be connected to the other pair of vibrations via a soft spring. In a connected case, which can be achieved by the detachable and actuatable connecting device, for example by manually or hydraulically actuated locking bolts, the housings or pairs of vibrations are rigidly connected to one another. In addition to a connection by means of hydraulic cylinders, a connection by means of a toggle lever mechanism can also be provided. In a short transition time between the connected and the separated state, an elastic damping element can be pressed together between the two housings so that the two housings do not hit one another. Such a damping element arranged between the oscillation units would only absorb energy during a short phase. In the separated state, the oscillation pairs would not yet touch each other, in the connected state the damping element would be compressed and the housing with the pairs of unbalance elements arranged therein would be in direct contact.

Ein besonders einfacher Aufbau wird gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, dass zum Erzeugen einer gerichteten Schwingung die ersten Unwuchtelemente unterschiedlich zu den zweiten Unwuchtelementen ausgebildet sind. Dabei kann also die zweite Schwingungseinheit als eine einfache Einheit oder ein einfacher Rüttler ausgebildet, welcher keine gerichtete Schwingung erzeugen kann. Zum Erzeugen einer gerichteten Schwingung wäre in diesem Ausführungsfall ausschließlich die erste Schwingungseinheit mit ersten Unwuchtelementen und zweiten Unwuchtelementen ausgebildet. Die dritten Unwuchtelemente in der zweiten Schwingungseinheit können gleich oder unterschiedlich zu den ersten Unwuchtelementen ausgebildet sein.According to a further embodiment of the invention, a particularly simple structure is achieved in that the first imbalance elements are designed differently from the second imbalance elements in order to generate a directed oscillation. The second vibration unit can thus be designed as a simple unit or a simple vibrator which cannot generate any directional vibration. In this embodiment, only the first vibration unit with first unbalance elements and second unbalance elements would be designed to generate a directed vibration. The third unbalance elements in the second oscillation unit can be designed to be identical to or different from the first unbalance elements.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Baumaschine gemäß Anspruch 12 mit einem Trägergerät und einem Mast, entlang welchen ein Schwingungserzeuger im Wesentlichen vertikal verfahrbar gelagert ist. Eine derartige erfindungsgemäße Baumaschine ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Schwingungserzeuger vorgesehen ist, wie er zuvor beschrieben wurde. Die Baumaschine ist insbesondere ein sogenannter Rüttler, wie er im Grundbau zum Einsatz kommt und grundsätzlich bekannt ist.The invention further relates to a construction machine according to claim 12 with a carrier device and a mast, along which a vibration generator is mounted so that it can be moved essentially vertically. Such a construction machine according to the invention is characterized in that a vibration generator is provided as described above. The construction machine is in particular a so-called vibrator, as it is used in basic construction and is basically known.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Rammgutes in einen Boden ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwingungen mit einem Schwingungserzeuger erzeugt werden, wie er zuvor beschrieben wurde. Bei diesem Verfahren können insbesondere kritische Frequenzbereiche schnell durchfahren oder weitgehend vermieden werden. Insbesondere kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren mittels einer Steuereinheit eine Veränderung der Drehzahlen der beiden Schwingungspaare zueinander durchgeführt und so die Drehzahlen aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Die Veränderung der Abstimmung kann dabei abhängig von der Bodenart und/oder von der jeweiligen Aufgabenstellung, etwa einem Eintreiben oder Ziehen des Rammgutes, erfolgen. Die Drehzahleinstellung und Drehzahländerung kann, insbesondere bei einem Hochlaufen des Schwingungserzeugers, durch die Steuereinheit automatisch oder halbautomatisch gemäß hinterlegten Steuerprogrammen erfolgen.The method according to the invention for inserting a pile into a ground is characterized in that the vibrations are generated with a vibration generator as described above. With this method, critical frequency ranges in particular can be passed through quickly or largely avoided. In particular, in the method according to the invention, the rotational speeds of the two pairs of vibrations can be changed by means of a control unit and the rotational speeds can thus be coordinated with one another. The change in the coordination can take place depending on the type of soil and / or on the respective task, such as driving in or pulling the pile. The speed setting and speed change can take place automatically or semi-automatically by the control unit in accordance with stored control programs, in particular when the vibration generator is running up.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann darin gesehen werden, dass das Rammgut ein Pfahl, ein Träger oder eine Spundwandbohle ist.A preferred variant of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the pile is a pile, a girder or a sheet pile.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles weiter beschrieben, welches in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellt ist. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste teilgeschnittene Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schwingungserzeugers und
Fig. 2
eine zweite teilgeschnittene Ansicht des Schwingungserzeugers von Fig. 1.
The invention is described further below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment which is shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a first partially sectioned view of a vibration generator according to the invention and
Fig. 2
a second partially sectioned view of the vibrator of FIG Fig. 1 .

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Schwingungserzeuger 10 mit einer Schwingungseinheit 20 gezeigt. Die Schwingungseinheit 20 weist einunteres kastenförmiges erstes Gehäuse 21a mit drei ersten Unwuchtelementen 22 mit jeweils einer ersten Welle 23 auf. Jede erste Welle 23 der gleich aufgebauten, ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 umfasst eine erste Unwucht 24, ein erstes Antriebszahnrad 25 und ein dazu beabstandet angeordnetes Phasenverstell-Zahnrad 26. Ein Drehmoment von einem unteren ersten Drehantrieb 27 wird von einem mittleren ersten Unwuchtelement 22 auf die beiden weiteren angrenzenden ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 mittels der miteinander kämmenden ersten Antriebszahnräder 25 übertragen.In the Figures 1 and 2 a vibration generator 10 according to the invention with a vibration unit 20 is shown. The vibration unit 20 has a lower box-shaped first housing 21a with three first unbalance elements 22, each with a first shaft 23. Each first shaft 23 of the identically constructed, first unbalance elements 22 comprises a first unbalance 24, a first drive gear 25 and a phase adjustment gear 26 arranged at a distance from it. A torque from a lower first rotary drive 27 is generated by a central first unbalance element 22 the two further adjoining first unbalance elements 22 are transmitted by means of the first drive gears 25 meshing with one another.

In grundsätzlich bekannter Weise kann eine Drehposition der ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 mittels einer ersten Phasenverstelleinrichtung 28 mit einem Verstellmotor 29 verändert werden. Die Veränderung der Drehlage wird über die miteinander kämmenden ersten Verstell-Zahnräder 26 bewirkt.In a basically known manner, a rotational position of the first unbalance elements 22 can be changed by means of a first phase adjustment device 28 with an adjustment motor 29. The change in the rotational position is brought about via the first adjusting gearwheels 26 which mesh with one another.

Zum Erzeugen einer gerichteten Schwingung mit der Schwingungseinheit 20 sind in einem oberen quaderförmigen zweiten Gehäuse 21b zwei zweite Unwuchtelemente 32 angeordnet. In ähnlicher Weise wie der Aufbau der ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 weisen auch die zweiten Unwuchtelemente 32 jeweils eine zweite Welle 33, eine zweite Unwucht 34, ein zweites Antriebszahnrad 35 sowie ein zweites Phasenverstell-Zahnrad 36 auf. Ein Antrieb erfolgt über einen oberen zweiten Drehantrieb 37 auf die zweiten Unwuchtelemente 32. Eine Phasenverstellung wird über eine zweite Phasenverstelleinrichtung 38 mit einem zweiten Verstellmotor 39 erreicht.To generate a directed oscillation with the oscillation unit 20, two second unbalance elements 32 are arranged in an upper cuboid second housing 21b. In a manner similar to the structure of the first unbalance elements 22, the second unbalance elements 32 each have a second shaft 33, a second unbalance 34, a second drive gear 35 and a second phase adjustment gear 36. The second unbalance elements 32 are driven via an upper, second rotary drive 37. A phase adjustment is achieved via a second phase adjustment device 38 with a second adjustment motor 39.

Die ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 und die zweiten Unwuchtelemente 32 sind getrennt und hinsichtlich des Drehmomentantriebes mechanisch entkoppelt. Das untere erste Gehäuse 21a und das obere zweite Gehäuse 21b, welche jeweils kastenförmig ausgebildet sind, sind über eine lösbare Verbindungseinrichtung 50 miteinander gekoppelt. Die Verbindungseinrichtung 50 ist in der gezeigten Ausführungsform als eine Bolzenverbindung ausgebildet.The first unbalance elements 22 and the second unbalance elements 32 are separate and mechanically decoupled with regard to the torque drive. The lower first housing 21a and the upper second housing 21b, which are each box-shaped, are coupled to one another via a releasable connecting device 50. In the embodiment shown, the connecting device 50 is designed as a bolt connection.

Eine Abstimmung und Veränderung der Drehzahlen der Unwuchtelemente in der Schwingungseinheit 20 erfolgt mittels einer zentralen Steuereinheit 60, welche insbesondere eine Rechnereinheit umfassen kann.The rotational speeds of the unbalance elements in the vibration unit 20 are coordinated and changed by means of a central control unit 60, which can in particular include a computer unit.

In einer einfachen Ausführung nimmt die Steuereinheit 60 über eine erste Sensoreinrichtung 66 eine Drehzahl und/oder eine Drehposition der ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 und über eine zweite Sensoreinrichtung 68 eine Drehzahl und/oder Drehposition der zweiten Unwuchtelemente 32 der Schwingungseinheit 20 auf und steuert deren Drehantriebe 27, 37. Abhängig von den ermittelten Daten steuert die Steuereinheit 60 entsprechend eine erste Hydraulikpumpe 62, welche insbesondere den unteren zweiten Drehantrieb 47 versorgt, sowie eine zweite Hydraulikpumpe 64, welche insbesondere den oberen zweiten Drehantrieb betreibt. Die Steuerung kann insbesondere so erfolgen, dass gleiche oder geradzahlige-vielfache Drehzahlen der zweiten Unwuchtelemente 32 zu den Drehzahlen der ersten Unwuchtelemente 22 erreicht werden. Etwa für ein Durchlaufen kritischer Frequenzbereiche, wie sie beim Hochfahren des Schwingungserzeugers 10 vorkommen können, können jedoch gezielt, insbesondere durch ein vorgegebenes Steuerprogramm, Drehzahländerungen zwischen den unterschiedlichen Paaren von Unwuchtelementen der Schwingungseinheit 20 eingestellt werden. Hierdurch können insbesondere unerwünschte Resonanzfrequenzen vermieden oder zumindest besonders schnell durchlaufen werden.In a simple embodiment, the control unit 60 records a speed and / or a rotational position of the first unbalance elements 22 via a first sensor device 66 and a rotational speed and / or rotational position of the second unbalance elements 32 of the vibration unit 20 via a second sensor device 68 and controls their rotary drives 27, 37. Depending on the determined data, the control unit 60 controls a first hydraulic pump 62, which in particular supplies the lower, second rotary drive 47, and a second hydraulic pump 64, which in particular operates the upper, second rotary drive. The control can in particular take place in such a way that that the same or even multiple speeds of the second unbalance elements 32 to the speeds of the first unbalance elements 22 are achieved. For example, for running through critical frequency ranges, as can occur when the vibration generator 10 is started up, however, speed changes between the different pairs of unbalance elements of the vibration unit 20 can be set in a targeted manner, in particular by a predetermined control program. In this way, in particular, undesired resonance frequencies can be avoided or at least passed through particularly quickly.

In einer entsprechenden Weise kann über die Steuereinheit 60 über nicht dargestellte Steuerleitungen der erste Verstellmotor 29 und der zweite Verstellmotor 39 betätigt werden, wobei für die jeweiligen Unwuchtelemente 22, 32 eine definierte Drehposition eingestellt wird.In a corresponding manner, the first adjusting motor 29 and the second adjusting motor 39 can be actuated via the control unit 60 via control lines (not shown), a defined rotational position being set for the respective unbalance elements 22, 32.

Vorzugsweise sind alle Antriebe und Stellelemente der Schwingungseinheit 20 mit der Steuereinheit 60 verbunden und können entsprechend gesteuert und eingestellt werden. All drives and adjusting elements of the vibration unit 20 are preferably connected to the control unit 60 and can be controlled and adjusted accordingly.

Claims (14)

  1. Vibration generator for introducing a driving material into a soil by means of directional vibration, having
    - at least one vibration unit (20) which has at least a first pair of rotatably supported first imbalance elements (22) which are rotationally driven at a first rotational speed by means of a first rotary drive (27),
    - wherein the vibration unit (20) has at least a second pair of rotatably supported second imbalance elements (32) which are driven by a second rotary drive (37),
    - wherein, for the purpose of generating a directional vibration, the first imbalance elements (22) are designed differently from the second imbalance elements (32),
    - wherein the second pair of second imbalance elements (32) is rotationally driven by the second rotary drive (37) at a second rotational speed which is different from the first rotational speed, and
    - wherein a control unit (60) is provided, with which the rotational speeds of the two rotary drives (27, 37) can be electrically and/or hydraulically changed and matched with respect to each other,
    characterized in that
    - the first pair of first imbalance elements (22) is mechanically and drivingly decoupled from the second pair of second imbalance elements (32), and
    - in that, for the purpose of passing through critical frequency ranges, the control unit (60) is designed to carry out changes in rotational speed between the pairs of imbalance elements (22, 32).
  2. Vibration generator according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the second rotational speed of the second imbalance elements (32) is a multiple of the first rotational speed of the first imbalance elements (22).
  3. Vibration generator according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    two or more vibration units (20) are arranged which are controlled via a joint control unit (60).
  4. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (60) is connected to at least a first sensor means (66) which is designed to determine at least the first rotational speed of the first imbalance elements (22) and/or the second rotational speed of the second imbalance elements (32).
  5. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (60) is in connection with the first rotary drive (27) and/or the second rotary drive (37), wherein the control unit (60) is designed to set and change the rotational speed of the rotary drives (27, 37).
  6. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    several imbalance elements (22, 32) of a vibration unit (20) are in connection and rotationally driven via intermeshing drive gears (25).
  7. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    at least one phase-adjusting means (28, 38) is provided which is designed to change a rotational position of the imbalance elements (22, 32) with respect to each other.
  8. Vibration generator according to claim 7,
    characterized in that
    the phase-adjusting means (28, 38) has an adjusting motor (29, 39) which is controlled by the control unit (60).
  9. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (60) is connected to at least a second sensor means (68) which is designed to determine at least a phase position of the imbalance elements (32) of the vibration unit (20).
  10. Vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the first pair of first imbalance elements (22) is arranged in a first housing (21a) and the second pair of second imbalance elements (32) in a second housing (21b).
  11. Vibration generator according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    a connecting means (50) is provided, with which the first housing (21a) and the second housing (21b) are releasably connected to each other.
  12. Construction machine having a carrier implement and a mast, along which a vibration generator (10) is supported in a substantially vertically movable manner,
    characterized in that
    a vibration generator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is provided.
  13. Method for introducing a driving material into a soil, in which the driving material is held on a holding means of a vibration generator (10) that generates vibrations, through which the driving material is driven into the soil,
    characterized in that
    the vibrations are generated with a vibration generator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and
    in that, for the purpose of passing through critical frequency ranges, changes in rotational speed between the different pairs of imbalance elements (22, 32) are carried out.
  14. Method according to claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the driving material is a pile, a beam or a sheet pile.
EP15193440.3A 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground Active EP3165290B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193440.3A EP3165290B1 (en) 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground
CN201680064554.5A CN108348960B (en) 2015-11-06 2016-07-27 Vibration generator and method for introducing a pile driving body into the soil
PCT/EP2016/067919 WO2017076525A1 (en) 2015-11-06 2016-07-27 Vibration generator and method for driving a pile into a soil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193440.3A EP3165290B1 (en) 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3165290A1 EP3165290A1 (en) 2017-05-10
EP3165290B1 true EP3165290B1 (en) 2021-04-07

Family

ID=54477903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15193440.3A Active EP3165290B1 (en) 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3165290B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108348960B (en)
WO (1) WO2017076525A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202018100511U1 (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-05-03 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Hydraulic vibrator drive as well as a piling and / or drilling rig with a hydraulic vibrator drive
DE102019113947A1 (en) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-12 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Vibration generator and construction machine with such a vibration generator

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2311596A1 (en) * 1975-04-23 1976-12-17 Procedes Tech Const IMPROVEMENT IN DRIVING OR BREAKING DEVICES CALLED VIBROUSERS
DE4425905A1 (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-01-25 Bald Hubert Device and method for compensating transverse vibrations on unbalance vibrators with a predetermined vibration direction
DE19631849C1 (en) * 1996-08-07 1998-01-08 Svedala Gfa Aufbereitungsmasch Vibration drive for a screening machine
NL1023574C2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-01 Kandt Special Crane Equipment Vibration device.
EP2105213B1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2018-01-24 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Vibration creator
EP2105214B1 (en) 2008-03-28 2018-09-12 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Vibration creator
EP2158976B1 (en) 2008-08-27 2013-08-14 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Vibration creator
EP2781269A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-24 Eurodrill GmbH Vibration generator, especially for a construction machine
EP2789402B1 (en) * 2013-04-10 2017-05-17 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Oscillation exciter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108348960A (en) 2018-07-31
WO2017076525A1 (en) 2017-05-11
CN108348960B (en) 2020-09-04
EP3165290A1 (en) 2017-05-10

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