EP1449965B1 - Actuator of vibrations for compacting soil - Google Patents

Actuator of vibrations for compacting soil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1449965B1
EP1449965B1 EP03026486A EP03026486A EP1449965B1 EP 1449965 B1 EP1449965 B1 EP 1449965B1 EP 03026486 A EP03026486 A EP 03026486A EP 03026486 A EP03026486 A EP 03026486A EP 1449965 B1 EP1449965 B1 EP 1449965B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unbalance
generating device
shafts
oscillation generating
shaft pair
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03026486A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1449965A2 (en
EP1449965A3 (en
Inventor
Niels Laugwitz
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Bomag GmbH and Co OHG
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Bomag GmbH and Co OHG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • E02D3/074—Vibrating apparatus operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S37/00—Excavating
    • Y10S37/903—Scoop or scraper attachments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18544—Rotary to gyratory
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18544—Rotary to gyratory
    • Y10T74/18552—Unbalanced weight

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration exciter device for use in a soil compaction machine, such as a vibratory plate or a roller, with a vibration exciter device, a first unbalanced shaft pair and a tilting torque balancing device.
  • Conventional soil compaction machines such as reversible vibratory plates and vibratory rollers, are equipped with an opposing imbalance shaft pair for generating directional vibrations.
  • the imbalances of the two shafts rotate synchronously but with opposite direction of rotation.
  • phase shifting By phase shifting, a desired directional vibration direction can be adjusted and directional forward or backward movement of the soil compaction machine can be created.
  • a vibration plate which has a tilting moment compensating device for suppressing such a tilting moment. It contains a central imbalance shaft between an unbalanced shaft pair.
  • the imbalance mass of Central imbalance shaft is as large as the total imbalance mass of imbalance shaft pair.
  • the central imbalance shaft rotates in opposite directions to the same direction rotating imbalance shaft pair, the rotational speed of all unbalanced shafts is synchronous. By this arrangement occurs no unwanted tilting moment occurs.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve a soil compacting machine of the type mentioned above and to provide a simple and inexpensive alternative to the previously known tilting moment compensating device for use in a soil compacting machine.
  • a second imbalance shaft pair is arranged as the tilting moment compensation device in the axial direction next to the first unbalanced shaft pair.
  • the first and second unbalanced shaft pairs rotate in opposite directions and diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts rotate in the same direction.
  • the invention has the advantage that unwanted force components and torques cancel each other, so that no tilting moments occur.
  • vibration exciter is constructed of similar components simple and symmetrical, so that cost advantages can be achieved. Since the total imbalance mass is distributed over four waves, the total imbalance mass can be increased or the imbalance waves can be made smaller.
  • the imbalance shafts do not have to be in pairs next to each other in alignment, but the unbalanced shafts of one unbalanced pair of shafts can be offset parallel to the imbalance shafts of the other pair of imbalance shafts with a crosswise symmetry.
  • crosswise symmetry is understood here an arrangement in which the diagonally opposite imbalance waves are arranged in pairs symmetrically to the intersection of their connecting lines.
  • the axis-parallel offset can occur within the same plane or out of the plane. For example, a rear left imbalance shaft could fall by a certain amount be offset above. Then, the front right unbalance shaft would have to be offset by the same amount to produce the required symmetry. It may also be advantageous that the distances of the diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts are different.
  • the diagonal imbalance shafts can be driven separately.
  • the diagonal unbalanced shafts are rotatably coupled, for example via a transmission. This has the advantage that the diagonal unbalanced shafts always maintain the same direction of rotation and the same rotational speed and thus always ensure the functionality and the tilting torque compensation.
  • the synchronization is further simplified by the fact that all unbalanced shafts are rotatably coupled.
  • the transmission has two associated crown gears and thus engaged spur gears on the unbalanced shafts.
  • the advantage here is that of relatively few, simple and known components, a transmission is created, which ensures the function of the device.
  • the transmission is operatively connected to a single drive. This has the advantage that the functions of the same direction of rotation and the same rotational speeds of the imbalance shafts can be maintained and additional drives can be saved.
  • each unbalanced shaft pair has an imbalance shaft with a variable phase position.
  • a synchronization device for synchronous adjustment of the phase position is preferably present. It can be designed either for the same direction, common phase adjustment of both unbalanced shaft pairs or for independent phase adjustment.
  • a particularly preferred development consists in that the synchronizing device has a hydraulically operating flow divider.
  • FIG. 1 a driven by a drive 1 first vibration exciter device of a soil compacting machine in the parallel to a first unbalanced shaft pair 2 in the axial direction laterally offset a similar second unbalanced shaft pair 3 is arranged as a tilting torque balancing device.
  • Each unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 comprises two successively and axially parallel aligned, counter-rotating unbalanced shafts 4, 5 and 4 ', 5' with the same imbalance masses 9, 10, wherein the imbalance masses 9, 10 of an unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 arranged to produce phase-shifted centrifugal forces angularly offset are.
  • the imbalance shaft pairs 2, 3 are adjacent to each other in such a way that their imbalance waves are aligned in pairs.
  • unbalanced shafts are the same direction of rotation diagonally opposite.
  • Coincidentally rotating unbalanced shafts 4, 4 'on the one hand and counter-rotating unbalanced shafts 5, 5' on the other hand have the same phase position when driving straight ahead. For a steering movement, the phase angles are adjustable differently.
  • the unbalanced shafts 4, 4 ', 5, 5' are rotatably coupled together by a positive force transmission means in such a way that the directions of rotation and phase assignments are ensured.
  • the power transmission means is formed in the present example as a double crown gear 25. Its non-rotatably connected crown wheels 6 mesh on both Each side with a spur gear 7 and a counter-rotating spur gear 8.
  • the spur gears 7 and 8 are each rotatably connected to the unbalanced shafts 4, 4 'and 5, 5'.
  • the drive 1 acts on the imbalance shaft 4 on the crown gear.
  • the unbalanced shafts 9, 10 are held by bearing elements 12, for example cylindrical roller bearings.
  • the diagonally opposite imbalances of the unbalanced shafts 5, 5 ' can be changed in their phase position alone or together with respect to the other imbalances by the respective imbalance masses 10 are angularly offset on their unbalanced shafts 5, 5'.
  • Fig. 2 The operation of the vibration exciter device is illustrated in three-dimensional, schematic representation. This will be done in Fig. 2 eight phase positions a) to h) of the imbalances in the course of a complete wave circulation shown. Filled black dots represent the respective angular positions of the unbalanced masses 9, 10 again.
  • the unbalanced masses 9 rotate in a clockwise direction, indicated by the curved direction of rotation arrow 13, and the unbalanced masses 10 rotate counterclockwise, indicated by the direction of rotation arrow 14.
  • the imbalance masses 9, 10 of an unbalanced pair of shafts 2 and 3 are respectively phase-shifted by 90 °. Diagonally opposite imbalance masses have the same phase.
  • the centrifugal forces of a pair of unbalanced shafts are combined to form a respective centrifugal force and shown as a filled black arrow 15, 16.
  • the arrows 15, 16 are each applied at the point of application of the resulting centrifugal force and each point in the direction in which the resulting centrifugal force acts.
  • the length of the arrow represents the magnitude of the force.
  • the arrow 15 designates the resulting centrifugal force 15 one unbalanced shaft pair 2 and the arrow 16, the resulting centrifugal force 16 of the other unbalanced shaft pair.
  • the starting position according to Fig. 2a shows the beginning of the rotational movement.
  • the unbalance 9 rotates clockwise about the transverse axis 19.
  • the unbalance 10 rotates counterclockwise about the transverse axis 20.
  • the resulting centrifugal force 15 of the rear unbalanced shaft pair 2 attacks at the intersection of the longitudinal connecting axes 18 and 19 and acts obliquely downwards in the xz direction, ie in the direction of the ground.
  • the resulting centrifugal force 16 is also directed at the imbalances 9 and 10 of the second imbalance shaft pair 3 located on the front longitudinal axis 17.
  • the resulting centrifugal force 16 acts at the intersection of the longitudinal connecting shafts 17 and 20. Since both resulting centrifugal forces 15 and 16 are the same size and directed in parallel, no tilting moment occurs.
  • Fig. 2b is a second phase of the rotational movement shown, in which the imbalance masses are offset by 45 ° in the direction of rotation.
  • the centrifugal forces within each unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 are exactly opposite.
  • there are two equal torques 23, 24 about an imaginary horizontal center axis 22. arise, however, because they are directed opposite because of the opposite directions of rotation of the unbalanced shaft pairs 2, 3. As a result, therefore no tilting moment occurs parallel to the axes of rotation of the imbalances.
  • the unbalanced shafts 4, 5 of a pair of unbalanced shafts 2 to the unbalanced shafts 4 ', 5' of the other unbalanced shaft pair 3 are axially parallel in crosswise symmetry.
  • the cross-symmetry results from the fact that the diagonally opposite imbalance waves 4,4 '; 5, 5 'to the intersection point 30 of their connecting lines 31, 32 are arranged in pairs symmetrically.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a spatially upwardly or downwardly axially offset arrangement of the diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 5, 5 'to lying in a plane other diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 4, 4'.
  • the offset Vo up and the offset Vu down are the same.
  • Fig. 4 are all unbalanced shafts in a plane and it is the distances of the respective diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 5, 5 '; and 4, 4 'different.

Abstract

A vibration exciter has two pairs of unbalanced shafts (2,3) arranged beside each other as such that unbalanced shafts (4,4',5,5') in both pairs are diagonally spaced from each other and rotate in the same direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schwingungserregervorrichtung zur Verwendung in einer Bodenverdichtungsmaschine, wie zum Beispiel einer Rüttelplatte oder einer Walze, mit einer Schwingungserregervorrichtung, einem ersten Unwuchtwellenpaar und einer Kippmoment-Ausgleichsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a vibration exciter device for use in a soil compaction machine, such as a vibratory plate or a roller, with a vibration exciter device, a first unbalanced shaft pair and a tilting torque balancing device.

Herkömmliche Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen, beispielsweise reversierbare Vibrationsplatten sowie Vibrationswalzen, sind zur Erzeugung von gerichteten Schwingungen mit einem gegenläufigen Unwuchtwellenpaar ausgestattet. Die Unwuchten der beiden Wellen rotieren synchron aber mit entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung. Durch Phasenverschiebung kann eine gewünschte, gerichtete Schwingungsrichtung eingestellt werden und eine gerichtete Vorwärtsoder Rückwärtsbewegung der Bodenverdichtungsmaschine erzeugt werden.Conventional soil compaction machines, such as reversible vibratory plates and vibratory rollers, are equipped with an opposing imbalance shaft pair for generating directional vibrations. The imbalances of the two shafts rotate synchronously but with opposite direction of rotation. By phase shifting, a desired directional vibration direction can be adjusted and directional forward or backward movement of the soil compaction machine can be created.

Je nach Phasenlage der Unwuchten wird jedoch ein periodisch wechselndes Kippmoment erzeugt. Dieses Kippmoment tritt auf, weil die einzelnen Unwuchten verschiedene Drehachsen haben. Dadurch greift die resultierende Fliehkraft zweier Unwuchtwellen im Verlauf einer Umdrehung stets an einem anderen Punkt an. Die Richtung der resultierenden Kraft bleibt zwar gleich, aber der wirksame Hebelarm und die Größe der Kraft ändern sich. Dieses Kippmoment ist unerwünscht, da es sich nachteilig auf das Bewegungsverhalten der Bodenverdichtungsmaschine auswirkt.Depending on the phase position of the imbalances, however, a periodically alternating overturning moment is generated. This tilting moment occurs because the individual imbalances have different axes of rotation. As a result, the resulting centrifugal force of two unbalanced shafts always attacks at a different point during one revolution. The direction of the resulting force remains the same, but the effective lever arm and the magnitude of the force change. This tilting moment is undesirable since it has a disadvantageous effect on the movement behavior of the soil compaction machine.

Aus DE 297 23 617 U1 ist eine Vibrationsplatte bekannt, die zur Unterdrückung eines derartigen Kippmomentes eine Kippmoment-Ausgleichsvorrichtung aufweist. Sie beinhaltet eine zentrale Unwuchtwelle zwischen einem Unwuchtwellenpaar. Die Unwuchtmasse der zentralen Unwuchtwelle ist so groß wie die gesamte Unwuchtmasse des Unwuchtwellenpaares. Die zentrale Unwuchtwelle dreht sich gegenläufig zu dem gleichsinnig drehenden Unwuchtwellenpaar, wobei die Drehzahl aller Unwuchtwellen synchron ist. Durch diese Anordnung tritt kein unerwünschtes Kippmoment auftritt.Out DE 297 23 617 U1 For example, a vibration plate is known which has a tilting moment compensating device for suppressing such a tilting moment. It contains a central imbalance shaft between an unbalanced shaft pair. The imbalance mass of Central imbalance shaft is as large as the total imbalance mass of imbalance shaft pair. The central imbalance shaft rotates in opposite directions to the same direction rotating imbalance shaft pair, the rotational speed of all unbalanced shafts is synchronous. By this arrangement occurs no unwanted tilting moment occurs.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Bodenverdichtungsmaschine der Eingangs genannten Art zu verbessern und eine einfache und preiswerte Alternative zur bisher bekannten Kippmoment-Ausgleichsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einer Bodenverdichtungsmaschine zu schaffen.The object of the present invention is to improve a soil compacting machine of the type mentioned above and to provide a simple and inexpensive alternative to the previously known tilting moment compensating device for use in a soil compacting machine.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass als Kippmoment-Ausgleichsvorrichtung in Achsrichtung neben dem ersten Unwuchtwellenpaar ein zweites Unwuchtwellenpaar angeordnet ist. Dabei drehen das erste und das zweite Unwuchtwellenpaar gegenläufig und diagonal gegenüberliegende Unwuchtwellen rotieren gleichsinnig.This object is achieved in that a second imbalance shaft pair is arranged as the tilting moment compensation device in the axial direction next to the first unbalanced shaft pair. The first and second unbalanced shaft pairs rotate in opposite directions and diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts rotate in the same direction.

Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, dass sich unerwünschte Kraftkomponenten und Drehmomente gegenseitig aufheben, so dass keine Kippmomente auftreten.The invention has the advantage that unwanted force components and torques cancel each other, so that no tilting moments occur.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass der Schwingungserreger aus gleichartigen Komponenten einfach und symmetrisch aufgebaut ist, so dass Kostenvorteile erzielt werden. Da die Gesamtunwuchtmasse sich auf vier Wellen verteilt, kann die Gesamtunwuchtmasse erhöht werden oder die Unwuchtwellen können kleiner dimensioniert werden.Another advantage of the invention is that the vibration exciter is constructed of similar components simple and symmetrical, so that cost advantages can be achieved. Since the total imbalance mass is distributed over four waves, the total imbalance mass can be increased or the imbalance waves can be made smaller.

Die Unwuchtwellen müssen dabei nicht paarweise fluchtend nebeneinander liegen, sondern die Unwuchtwellen des einen Unwuchtwellenpaares können zu den Unwuchtwellen des anderen Unwuchtwellenpaares achsparallel bei kreuzweiser Symmetrie versetzt sein. Unter kreuzweiser Symmetrie wird hier eine Anordnung verstanden, bei welcher die diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen zum Kreuzungspunkt ihrer Verbindungslinien paarweise symmetrisch angeordnet sind.The imbalance shafts do not have to be in pairs next to each other in alignment, but the unbalanced shafts of one unbalanced pair of shafts can be offset parallel to the imbalance shafts of the other pair of imbalance shafts with a crosswise symmetry. Under crosswise symmetry is understood here an arrangement in which the diagonally opposite imbalance waves are arranged in pairs symmetrically to the intersection of their connecting lines.

Der achsparallele Versatz kann innerhalb der gleichen Ebene erfolgen oder aus der Ebene heraus. Zum Beispiel könnte eine hintere linke Unwuchtwelle um einen gewissen Betrag nach oben versetzt sein. Dann müsste die vordere rechte Unwuchtwelle um denselben Betrag nach unten versetzt sein, um die erforderliche Symmetrie herzustellen. Es kann dabei ferner vorteilhaft sein, dass die Abstände der diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen unterschiedlich sind.The axis-parallel offset can occur within the same plane or out of the plane. For example, a rear left imbalance shaft could fall by a certain amount be offset above. Then, the front right unbalance shaft would have to be offset by the same amount to produce the required symmetry. It may also be advantageous that the distances of the diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts are different.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht die Möglichkeit, eine Lenkbewegung zu erzeugen, indem eine Unwuchtwelle in ihrer Phasenlage verändert wird.In the device according to the invention, it is possible to generate a steering movement by changing an imbalance wave in its phase position.

Grundsätzlich können die diagonalen Unwuchtwellen separat angetrieben werden. Vorzugsweise sind die diagonalen Unwuchtwellen drehfest gekoppelt, zum Beispiel über ein Getriebe. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die diagonalen Unwuchtwellen den gleichen Drehsinn und die gleiche Drehgeschwindigkeit stets beibehalten und damit die Funktionsfähigkeit sowie den Kippmomentausgleich immer gewährleisten. Die Synchronisation wird noch weiter dadurch vereinfacht, dass alle Unwuchtwellen drehfest gekoppelt sind.In principle, the diagonal imbalance shafts can be driven separately. Preferably, the diagonal unbalanced shafts are rotatably coupled, for example via a transmission. This has the advantage that the diagonal unbalanced shafts always maintain the same direction of rotation and the same rotational speed and thus always ensure the functionality and the tilting torque compensation. The synchronization is further simplified by the fact that all unbalanced shafts are rotatably coupled.

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform weist das Getriebe zwei verbundene Kronenräder und damit in Eingriff stehende Stirnräder an den Unwuchtwellen auf. Der Vorteil liegt hier darin, dass aus relativ wenigen, einfachen und bekannten Komponenten ein Getriebe geschaffen wird, das die Funktion der Vorrichtung sicherstellt.In an expedient embodiment, the transmission has two associated crown gears and thus engaged spur gears on the unbalanced shafts. The advantage here is that of relatively few, simple and known components, a transmission is created, which ensures the function of the device.

Vorzugsweise ist das Getriebe mit einem einzigen Antrieb wirkungsverbunden. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Funktionen gleicher Drehsinn und gleiche Drehzahlen der Unwuchtwellen beibehalten werden können und zusätzliche Antriebe eingespart werden.Preferably, the transmission is operatively connected to a single drive. This has the advantage that the functions of the same direction of rotation and the same rotational speeds of the imbalance shafts can be maintained and additional drives can be saved.

Die Handhabung wird dadurch vereinfacht, dass jedes Unwuchtwellenpaar eine Unwuchtwelle mit veränderbarer Phasenlage aufweist. Bevorzugt ist ferner eine Synchronisiervorrichtung zur synchronen Verstellung der Phasenlage vorhanden. Sie kann entweder zur gleichsinnigen, gemeinsamen Phasenverstellung beider Unwuchtwellenpaare oder zur unabhängigen Phasenverstellung ausgebildet sein. Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass die Synchronisiervorrichtung einen hydraulisch arbeitenden Stromteiler aufweist.The handling is simplified in that each unbalanced shaft pair has an imbalance shaft with a variable phase position. Furthermore, a synchronization device for synchronous adjustment of the phase position is preferably present. It can be designed either for the same direction, common phase adjustment of both unbalanced shaft pairs or for independent phase adjustment. A particularly preferred development consists in that the synchronizing device has a hydraulically operating flow divider.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von drei in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen weiter erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Schwingungserregervorrichtung mit zentralem, doppelten Kronenradgetriebe;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung von einzelnen Phasenlagen der Unwuchten der Schwingungserregervorrichtung;
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Schwingungserregervorrichtung; und
Fig. 4
eine Draufsicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Schwingungserregervorrichtung.
The invention will be further explained with reference to three embodiments shown in the drawing. They show schematically:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a vibration exciter device with central, double crown gear;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of individual phase angles of the imbalance of the vibration exciter device;
Fig. 3
a side view of a second embodiment of a vibration exciter device; and
Fig. 4
a plan view of a third embodiment of a vibration exciter device.

Im einzelnen zeigt Fig. 1 eine von einem Antrieb 1 angetriebene ersten Schwingungserregervorrichtung einer Bodenverdichtungsmaschine bei der parallel zu einem ersten Unwuchtwellenpaar 2 in Achsrichtung seitlich versetzt ein gleichartiges zweites Unwuchtwellenpaar 3 als Kippmoment-Ausgleichsvorrichtung angeordnet ist.In detail shows Fig. 1 a driven by a drive 1 first vibration exciter device of a soil compacting machine in the parallel to a first unbalanced shaft pair 2 in the axial direction laterally offset a similar second unbalanced shaft pair 3 is arranged as a tilting torque balancing device.

Jedes Unwuchtwellenpaar 2, 3 umfasst zwei hintereinander und achsparallel ausgerichtete, sich gegenläufig drehende Unwuchtwellen 4, 5 bzw. 4', 5' mit gleichen Unwuchtmassen 9, 10, wobei die Unwuchtmassen 9, 10 eines Unwuchtwellenpaares 2, 3 zur Erzeugung phasenverschobener Fliehkräfte winkelversetzt angeordnet sind. Die Unwuchtwellenpaare 2, 3 liegen in der Weise nebeneinander, dass ihre Unwuchtwellen paarweise fluchten. Ferner liegen sich Unwuchtwellen gleicher Drehrichtung diagonal gegenüber. Gleichsinnig drehende Unwuchtwellen 4, 4' einerseits und gegenläufig drehende Unwuchtwellen 5, 5' andererseits haben bei Geradeausfahrt jeweils gleiche Phasenlage. Für eine Lenkbewegung sind die Phasenlagen unterschiedlich einstellbar.Each unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 comprises two successively and axially parallel aligned, counter-rotating unbalanced shafts 4, 5 and 4 ', 5' with the same imbalance masses 9, 10, wherein the imbalance masses 9, 10 of an unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 arranged to produce phase-shifted centrifugal forces angularly offset are. The imbalance shaft pairs 2, 3 are adjacent to each other in such a way that their imbalance waves are aligned in pairs. Furthermore, unbalanced shafts are the same direction of rotation diagonally opposite. Coincidentally rotating unbalanced shafts 4, 4 'on the one hand and counter-rotating unbalanced shafts 5, 5' on the other hand have the same phase position when driving straight ahead. For a steering movement, the phase angles are adjustable differently.

Es liegt auf diese Weise eine Anordnung vor, bei welcher diagonal angeordnete Unwuchtwellen axial zu einer imaginären Mittelpunktsachse, die parallel zu den Unwuchtwellenachsen verläuft, gleichmäßig gegensinnig axial versetzt sind.It is in this way an arrangement in which diagonally arranged imbalance shafts axially offset axially to an imaginary center axis, which is parallel to the imbalance shaft axes, in opposite directions.

Die Unwuchtwellen 4, 4', 5, 5' sind durch ein formschlüssiges Kraftübertragungsmittel in der Weise drehfest miteinander gekoppelt, dass die Drehrichtungen und Phasenzuordnungen sichergestellt sind. Das Kraftübertragungsmittel ist im vorliegenden Beispiel als doppeltes Kronenradgetriebe 25 ausgebildet. Dessen drehfest verbundene Kronenräder 6 kämmen an beiden Seiten jeweils mit einem Stirnzahnrad 7 und einem gegenläufigen Stirnzahnrad 8. Die Stirnzahnräder 7 und 8 sind jeweils drehfest mit den Unwuchtwellen 4, 4' und 5, 5' verbunden. Der Antrieb 1 wirkt über die Unwuchtwelle 4 auf das Kronenradgetriebe. Die Unwuchtwellen 9, 10 werden von Lagerelementen 12, zum Beispiel Zylinderrollenlagern, gehalten.The unbalanced shafts 4, 4 ', 5, 5' are rotatably coupled together by a positive force transmission means in such a way that the directions of rotation and phase assignments are ensured. The power transmission means is formed in the present example as a double crown gear 25. Its non-rotatably connected crown wheels 6 mesh on both Each side with a spur gear 7 and a counter-rotating spur gear 8. The spur gears 7 and 8 are each rotatably connected to the unbalanced shafts 4, 4 'and 5, 5'. The drive 1 acts on the imbalance shaft 4 on the crown gear. The unbalanced shafts 9, 10 are held by bearing elements 12, for example cylindrical roller bearings.

Die diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchten der Unwuchtwellen 5, 5' können in ihrer Phasenlage allein oder gemeinsam gegenüber den anderen Unwuchten verändert werden, indem die betreffenden Unwuchtmassen 10 auf ihren Unwuchtwellen 5, 5' winkelversetzt werden. Dazu dienen zwei hydraulisch betätigte Verdrehvorrichtungen 11, die an der Stirnseite der Unwuchtwellen 5, 5' angeordnet sind.The diagonally opposite imbalances of the unbalanced shafts 5, 5 'can be changed in their phase position alone or together with respect to the other imbalances by the respective imbalance masses 10 are angularly offset on their unbalanced shafts 5, 5'. Serve two hydraulically operated torsion devices 11, which are arranged on the front side of the unbalanced shafts 5, 5 '.

Werden die beiden diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen 10 gleichzeitig in ihrer Phasenlage verstellt, so ändert sich die Richtung der resultierenden Fliehkraft. Damit ändert sich auch die Schwingrichtung und die Bodenverdichtungsmaschine bewegt sich vorwärts oder rückwärts. Wird nur eine der beiden Wellen 10 in ihrer Phasenlage verändert, stellt sich eine Lenkbewegung ein.If the two diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 10 are simultaneously adjusted in their phase position, then the direction of the resulting centrifugal force changes. This also changes the oscillation direction and the soil compaction machine moves forward or backward. If only one of the two shafts 10 is changed in its phase position, a steering movement occurs.

In Fig. 2 wird in dreidimensionaler, schematischer Darstellung die Arbeitsweise der Schwingungserregervorrichtung veranschaulicht. Dazu werden in Fig. 2 acht Phasenlagen a) bis h) der Unwuchten im Verlauf eines vollständigen Wellenumlaufs dargestellt. Ausgefüllte schwarze Punkte geben die jeweiligen Winkelpositionen der Unwuchtmassen 9, 10 wieder. Die Unwuchtmassen 9 drehen im Uhrzeigersinn, angezeigt durch den gebogenen Drehrichtungspfeil 13, und die Unwuchtmassen 10 drehen gegen den Uhrzeigersinn, angezeigt durch den Drehrichtungspfeil 14. Weiterhin sind die Unwuchtmassen 9, 10 eines Unwuchtwellenpaares 2 bzw. 3 jeweils um 90° phasenverschoben. Diagonal gegenüberliegende Unwuchtmassen haben gleiche Phase.In Fig. 2 The operation of the vibration exciter device is illustrated in three-dimensional, schematic representation. This will be done in Fig. 2 eight phase positions a) to h) of the imbalances in the course of a complete wave circulation shown. Filled black dots represent the respective angular positions of the unbalanced masses 9, 10 again. The unbalanced masses 9 rotate in a clockwise direction, indicated by the curved direction of rotation arrow 13, and the unbalanced masses 10 rotate counterclockwise, indicated by the direction of rotation arrow 14. Furthermore, the imbalance masses 9, 10 of an unbalanced pair of shafts 2 and 3 are respectively phase-shifted by 90 °. Diagonally opposite imbalance masses have the same phase.

In der Darstellung sind die Fliehkräfte eines Unwuchtwellenpaares zu jeweils einer resultierenden Fliehkraft zusammengefasst und als ausgefüllter schwarzer Pfeil 15, 16 dargestellt. Die Pfeile 15, 16 sind jeweils im Angriffspunkt der resultierenden Fliehkraft angetragen und weisen jeweils in die Richtung, in die die resultierende Fliehkraft wirkt. Zusätzlich stellt die Länge des Pfeils die Größe der Kraft dar. Dabei bezeichnet der Pfeil 15 die resultierende Fliehkraft 15 des einen Unwuchtwellenpaars 2 und der Pfeil 16 die resultierende Fliehkraft 16 des anderen Unwuchtwellenpaars 3.In the illustration, the centrifugal forces of a pair of unbalanced shafts are combined to form a respective centrifugal force and shown as a filled black arrow 15, 16. The arrows 15, 16 are each applied at the point of application of the resulting centrifugal force and each point in the direction in which the resulting centrifugal force acts. In addition, the length of the arrow represents the magnitude of the force. In this case, the arrow 15 designates the resulting centrifugal force 15 one unbalanced shaft pair 2 and the arrow 16, the resulting centrifugal force 16 of the other unbalanced shaft pair. 3

Die Ausgangslage gemäß Fig. 2a) zeigt den Beginn der Rotationsbewegung. Auf der hinteren Längsachse 18 rotiert die Unwucht 9 im Uhrzeigersinn um die Querachse 19. Die Unwucht 10 rotiert gegen den Uhrzeigersinn um die Querachse 20. Die resultierende Fliehkraft 15 des hinteren Unwuchtwellenpaars 2 greift im Schnittpunkt der Längsverbindungsachsen 18 und 19 an und wirkt schräg nach unten in x-z-Richtung, d.h. in Richtung auf den Untergrund. Ebenso gerichtet ist die resultierende Fliehkraft 16 der auf der vorderen Längsachse 17 befindlichen Unwuchten 9 und 10 des zweiten Unwuchtwellenpaars 3. Die resultierende Fliehkraft 16 greift im Schnittpunkt der Längsverbindungsachsen 17 und 20 an. Da beide resultierenden Fliehkräfte 15 und 16 gleich groß und parallel gerichtet sind, tritt kein Kippmoment auf.The starting position according to Fig. 2a ) shows the beginning of the rotational movement. On the rear longitudinal axis 18, the unbalance 9 rotates clockwise about the transverse axis 19. The unbalance 10 rotates counterclockwise about the transverse axis 20. The resulting centrifugal force 15 of the rear unbalanced shaft pair 2 attacks at the intersection of the longitudinal connecting axes 18 and 19 and acts obliquely downwards in the xz direction, ie in the direction of the ground. The resulting centrifugal force 16 is also directed at the imbalances 9 and 10 of the second imbalance shaft pair 3 located on the front longitudinal axis 17. The resulting centrifugal force 16 acts at the intersection of the longitudinal connecting shafts 17 and 20. Since both resulting centrifugal forces 15 and 16 are the same size and directed in parallel, no tilting moment occurs.

In Fig. 2b) ist eine zweite Phase der Drehbewegung dargestellt, bei der die Unwuchtmassen um 45° in Drehrichtung versetzt sind. Die Fliehkräfte innerhalb eines jeden Unwuchtwellenpaares 2, 3 sind jeweils genau entgegengesetzt. Es entstehen zwar zwei gleich große Drehmomente 23, 24 um eine gedachte horizontale Mittelachse 22. Diese heben sich jedoch auf, da sie wegen der gegenläufigen Drehrichtungen der Unwuchtwellenpaare 2, 3 entgegengesetzt gerichtet sind. Im Ergebnis tritt daher kein Kippmoment parallel zu den Drehachsen der Unwuchten auf.In Fig. 2b ) is a second phase of the rotational movement shown, in which the imbalance masses are offset by 45 ° in the direction of rotation. The centrifugal forces within each unbalanced shaft pair 2, 3 are exactly opposite. Although there are two equal torques 23, 24 about an imaginary horizontal center axis 22. These arise, however, because they are directed opposite because of the opposite directions of rotation of the unbalanced shaft pairs 2, 3. As a result, therefore no tilting moment occurs parallel to the axes of rotation of the imbalances.

In Fig. 2c) sind die Unwuchten um weitere 45° in Drehrichtung versetzt. Es treten gleich gerichtete resultierende Fliehkräfte 15 und 16 gleicher Größe an den beiden Unwuchtwellenpaaren 2, 3 auf Sie sind im Vergleich zu der in Fig. 2a) gezeigten ersten Phase in Ihren Angriffspunkten diagonal versetzt. Die Wirkungsrichtung der beiden resultierenden Fliehkräfte verläuft schrägt nach oben.In Fig. 2c ), the imbalances are offset by another 45 ° in the direction of rotation. There occur equal directed centrifugal forces 15 and 16 of the same size at the two unbalanced shaft pairs 2, 3 They are compared to the in Fig. 2a ) shown diagonally in your attack points. The direction of action of the two resulting centrifugal forces extends obliquely upward.

Mit fortschreitender Rotation der Unwuchten 9, 10 und mit zunehmender Phasengleichheit der Unwuchten wandern die Angriffspunkte der resultierenden Fliehkräfte 15 und 16 auf die Mittelachse 22 zu, wie in Fig. 2d) gezeigt ist. Da sie gleich groß und gleichgerichtet sind, tritt kein Kippmoment auf.With progressive rotation of the imbalances 9, 10 and with increasing phase equality of the imbalances migrate the points of application of the resulting centrifugal forces 15 and 16 to the central axis 22, as in Fig. 2d ) is shown. Since they are the same size and rectified, no tilting moment occurs.

In den weiteren Phasen, die in den Figuren 2e) bis 2h) veranschaulicht sind, wiederholen sich die vorstehend beschriebenen Zustände sinngemäß mit vertauschten Richtungen und Angriffspunkten der Fliehkräfte. Im Ergebnis bleibt es aber dabei, dass in keinem Fall ein Kippmoment parallel zu den Drehachsen der Unwuchten auftritt.In the further phases, which in the FIGS. 2e) to 2h) are illustrated, the states described above are analogously repeated with reversed directions and points of attack of the centrifugal forces. As a result, it remains the case that in any case a tilting moment occurs parallel to the axes of rotation of the imbalances.

Bei den in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellten zweiten und dritten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Unwuchtwellen 4, 5 des einen Unwuchtwellenpaares 2 zu den Unwuchtwellen 4', 5' des anderen Unwuchtwellenpaares 3 achsparallel bei kreuzweiser Symmetrie versetzt. Die kreuzweise Symmetrie ergibt sich dadurch, dass die diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen 4,4'; 5, 5' zum Kreuzungspunkt 30 ihrer Verbindungslinien 31, 32 paarweise symmetrisch angeordnet sind.At the in 3 and 4 illustrated second and third embodiments, the unbalanced shafts 4, 5 of a pair of unbalanced shafts 2 to the unbalanced shafts 4 ', 5' of the other unbalanced shaft pair 3 are axially parallel in crosswise symmetry. The cross-symmetry results from the fact that the diagonally opposite imbalance waves 4,4 '; 5, 5 'to the intersection point 30 of their connecting lines 31, 32 are arranged in pairs symmetrically.

Fig. 3 veranschaulicht eine räumlich nach oben bzw. unten achsparallel versetzte Anordnung der diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen 5, 5' zu den in einer Ebene liegenden anderen diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen 4, 4'. Der Versatz Vo nach oben und der Versatz Vu nach unten sind gleich. Fig. 3 illustrates a spatially upwardly or downwardly axially offset arrangement of the diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 5, 5 'to lying in a plane other diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 4, 4'. The offset Vo up and the offset Vu down are the same.

Beim vierten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 4 liegen alle Unwuchtwellen in einer Ebene und es sind die Abstände der jeweils diagonal gegenüberliegenden Unwuchtwellen 5, 5'; und 4, 4' unterschiedlich.According to the fourth embodiment Fig. 4 are all unbalanced shafts in a plane and it is the distances of the respective diagonally opposite unbalanced shafts 5, 5 '; and 4, 4 'different.

Claims (15)

  1. An oscillation generating device for use in a soil compacter, comprising a first unbalance shaft pair (2) and a tipping moment compensation device (3) wherein a second unbalance shaft pair (3) is arranged adjacent to the first unbalance shaft pair as the tipping moment compensation device (3) wherein the unbalance shaft pairs (3, 4) rotate in opposite directions, and diagonally opposite unbalance shafts (4, 4'; 5, 5') rotate in the same direction.
  2. The oscillation generating device according to claim 1, wherein the unbalance shafts (4,5) of the first unbalance shaft pair (2) are aligned pairwise with the unbalance shafts (4', 5') of the second unbalance shaft pair (3).
  3. The oscillation generating device according to claim 1, wherein the unbalance shafts (4,5) of the first unbalance shaft pair (2) are offset in crossed symmetry, and in an axially parallel manner, relative to the unbalance shafts (4', 5') of the second unbalance shaft pair (3).
  4. The oscillation generating device according to claim 3, wherein the spacings of the diagonally opposite unbalance shafts (4, 4'; 5, 5') are different.
  5. The oscillation generating device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the unbalance shafts (4, 4'; 5, 5') are located in one plane.
  6. The oscillation generating device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the unbalance shafts (4, 4'; 5, 5') are arranged spatially offset relative to each other.
  7. The oscillation generating device according to one of previous claims, wherein each unbalance shaft pair (3, 4) comprises an unbalance shaft (10) with changeable phase position.
  8. The oscillation generating device according to claim 7, comprising a synchronising device for synchronous adjustment of phase position.
  9. The oscillation generating device according to claim 7 or 8, comprising a synchronising device for synchronous phase adjustment of the unbalance shaft pairs (3, 4).
  10. The oscillation generating device according to claim 1, comprising a device for independent phase adjustment.
  11. The oscillation generating device according to one of the claims 8 to 10, wherein the synchronising device comprises a hydraulically operated flow divider.
  12. The oscillation generating device according to claim 1, wherein all unbalance shafts are coupled so that they rotate in unison.
  13. The oscillation generating device according to claim 12, wherein the diagonal unbalance shafts (4, 4', 5, 5') are coupled so that they rotate in unison.
  14. The oscillation generating device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the coupling rotating in unison includes a transmission (25) with two crown gears (6), and spur gears (7, 8) on the unbalance shafts (4, 4') and (5, 5') and meshing with them.
  15. The oscillation generating device according to claim 14, wherein the transmission (25) is operatively connected to a single drive (1).
EP03026486A 2003-02-18 2003-11-20 Actuator of vibrations for compacting soil Expired - Lifetime EP1449965B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10306791A DE10306791A1 (en) 2003-02-18 2003-02-18 Vibration exciter device
DE10306791 2003-02-18

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EP1449965A2 EP1449965A2 (en) 2004-08-25
EP1449965A3 EP1449965A3 (en) 2005-12-28
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AT (1) ATE394550T1 (en)
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DE102011112316B4 (en) * 2011-09-02 2020-06-10 Bomag Gmbh Vibration exciter for generating a directional excitation vibration
DE102012025376A1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-03 Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG VIBRATING ARMOR FOR STEERING FLOOR COMPENSATING DEVICES
DE102012025378A1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-03 Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG VIBRATOR FOR FLOOR COMPACTERS
US20160349143A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Peter S. Aronstam Systems, Methods, and Apparatuses For a Vibratory Source
EP3357589A1 (en) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-08 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Oscillation generator and method for generating oscillations
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ATE394550T1 (en) 2008-05-15
ES2301747T3 (en) 2008-07-01
DE10306791A1 (en) 2004-08-26
US20040173040A1 (en) 2004-09-09
EP1449965A2 (en) 2004-08-25
US7302871B2 (en) 2007-12-04
EP1449965A3 (en) 2005-12-28
DE50309774D1 (en) 2008-06-19

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