EP1337713B1 - Compactor - Google Patents

Compactor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1337713B1
EP1337713B1 EP01990445A EP01990445A EP1337713B1 EP 1337713 B1 EP1337713 B1 EP 1337713B1 EP 01990445 A EP01990445 A EP 01990445A EP 01990445 A EP01990445 A EP 01990445A EP 1337713 B1 EP1337713 B1 EP 1337713B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pendulum
drum
oscillation
type
compactor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01990445A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1337713A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Richter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hamm AG
Original Assignee
Hamm AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamm AG filed Critical Hamm AG
Publication of EP1337713A1 publication Critical patent/EP1337713A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1337713B1 publication Critical patent/EP1337713B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
    • E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
    • E01C19/286—Vibration or impact-imparting means; Arrangement, mounting or adjustment thereof; Construction or mounting of the rolling elements, transmission or drive thereto, e.g. to vibrator mounted inside the roll
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
    • E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
    • E01C19/288—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows adapted for monitoring characteristics of the material being compacted, e.g. indicating resonant frequency, measuring degree of compaction, by measuring values, detectable on the roller; using detected values to control operation of the roller, e.g. automatic adjustment of vibration responsive to such measurements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18344—Unbalanced weights
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18544—Rotary to gyratory
    • Y10T74/18552—Unbalanced weight

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compacting device with at least one vibrating bandage according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic compacting device is from the EP 0 530 546 A known.
  • the known compaction device has at least one movable bandage, which is arranged in parallel to the bandage axis and synchronously rotating unbalance exciter shafts of a vibration exciter in operative connection that the roller optionally exerts a predominantly dynamic shear or compressive load on the ground.
  • the vibration is generated by at least two exciter waves with oppositely rotating imbalance masses. This results in a directional vibration whose direction of action can be pivoted from a horizontal to a vertical direction.
  • the amplitude of the roller bandage remains constant, so that only the direction of vibration is changed.
  • vibration generation by means of circular vibrators.
  • the imbalance masses preferably sit on an axis in the center of the bandage and generate a circumferential force.
  • the amount of the resulting compaction force can be changed by the change in the phase position.
  • Another parameter for adapting to the conditions of use is the variation of the vibration frequency.
  • a method for measuring mechanical data of a soil and for adjusting the roll parameters which is based on said mechanical solution for adjusting the compression force and frequency, from the WO 98/17865 known.
  • Circular vibrators achieve higher compression values under comparable conditions than the directional vibration of the counter-vibrators.
  • the directional oscillation of the counter-vibrators produces pressure forces in the ground, which in each case act only in one direction and thus allow the compression by a shift of different layers of the compacting ground only to a limited extent. If this mode of action of the oscillation is pivoted from a vertical to a horizontal direction in order, for example, to reduce the vibration which can be transmitted to buildings, the shear stress which can be transmitted to the substrate becomes very small.
  • EP 0 053 598 can optionally be compacted with a deep-acting vibration according to the circular vibrator principle or with an oscillating bandage movement generated by torques, which generates predominantly shearing stresses in the subsurface.
  • the oscillating bandage movement reduces the vibratory load of the machine and the environment as the adjustable counter jogger, but achieved in comparison higher compression values.
  • the principle includes two exciter shafts that rotate synchronously in the same direction of rotation by 180 ° out of phase. As a result, the opposing forces generated by the exciter waves compensate for the bandage. A torque is generated on the bandage around the bandage axis.
  • the invention has for its object to simplify a compactor of the type mentioned in terms of their mechanical structure and to allow the generation of a vibrational movement, with which an introduction of force is optimized in the material to be compacted to allow rapid compaction.
  • the vibration exciter consists of a pendulum vibrator for generating an elliptical oscillation of the bandage with an oscillating housing oscillating about the bandage axis and with a single unbalance exciter shaft mounted at a radial distance from the bandage axis and parallel thereto in the pendulum housing.
  • the use of a pendulum vibrator combines the advantages of the simple construction of a Kreisrüttlers with the adjustment of a directional Gegenrüttlers, and the compaction technical advantages of an oscillating bandage movement.
  • the imbalance mass rotating on the exciter shaft generates circulating forces. Since the exciter shaft is mounted in a pendulum housing pivotable about the drum axis, only small forces are transmitted outside the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum.
  • the Force components of the imbalance mass that are at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the pendulum create a moment on the pendulum housing about the drum axis causing the pendulum to deflect. Due to the high frequency of the imbalance mass and the mass inertia of the pendulum housing, the angle of the pendulum motion can be kept small.
  • the pendulum housing is preferably supported radially on the inside of the bandage via rolling bearings against the bandage.
  • the radial support can be made on the radially outer peripheral portion of the pendulum housing or on corresponding radial Genzouseabstufitch the pendulum housing on the axial side surfaces.
  • the radial bearings transmit the oscillations of the pendulum housing to the drum.
  • the angular position of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum vibrator relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis is adjustable by means of an adjusting device.
  • the orientation of the elliptical vibration is adjustable relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis by, for example ⁇ 90 °.
  • a pendulum vibrations permitting and limiting damping element is arranged between the adjusting device for adjusting the angular position of the pendulum vibrator and the pendulum housing.
  • the damping element serves as a coupling element between a control lever of the adjusting device and the oscillating pendulum housing.
  • the adjusting lever specifies the angular position of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum vibrator, wherein the damping element allows oscillation of the pendulum housing to this angular position to a certain extent.
  • the longitudinal axis of the pendulum housing lies in a plane defined by the drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator and the imbalance shaft.
  • the generated by the vibration drive elliptical waveform is on the one hand on the angular position of the pendulum housing and on the other hand on the speed of the Unbalance exciter shaft variable. In this respect, the direction of the elliptical vibration and its intensity can be adjusted.
  • the drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator is arranged coaxially to the drum axis, wherein the drive shaft is mounted in the pendulum housing.
  • the drive shaft for the pendulum vibrator is coupled via an intermediate gear with the unbalance exciter shaft.
  • the intermediate gear consist of a belt drive.
  • the unbalance exciter shaft can be driven electrically or hydrostatically directly.
  • the intermediate gear and the drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator can be omitted, so that the design effort is reduced.
  • two bandages are arranged side by side in the axial direction, which have a common pendulum vibrator.
  • the two bandages can be provided with independent bandage drives.
  • Fig. 1 is a road roller 1 with a chassis 3, a wheel drive with two rear wheels 7 and a front bandage. 4
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the bandage 4, wherein the embodiment is a split bandage 4 with two bandage sections 4a, 4b.
  • the bandage sections 4a, 4b can each be provided with its own bandage drive 9a, 9b, which allow a relative movement of the two bandage sections during the steering.
  • the connecting flange 13, to which the bandage drive 9a, 9b is fastened, is elastically connected to the machine frame 3 via rubber elements 15.
  • the bandage drives 9a, 9b are fastened to the vehicle frame 3 on a connection flange 13 and drive the bandage sections 4a, 4b via an inner flange 11a, 11b.
  • the bandage 4 receives in its interior a pendulum vibrator 10 which is driven by a drive shaft 22 which extends coaxially to the drum axis 2 through the drum drive 9a.
  • the drive shaft 22 is connected to a vibration drive 6.
  • the pendulum vibrator 10 consists essentially of a pendulum housing 8 with a single mounted in the pendulum housing 8 unbalance exciter shaft 12.
  • the unbalance exciter shaft 12 is fixedly mounted on the unbalance exciter shaft 12 unbalanced masses 16 provided.
  • the drive shaft 22 is connected to the unbalance exciter shaft 12 via an arranged in the pendulum housing 8, e.g. connected from a belt drive 24 existing intermediate gear.
  • the belt drive 24 may have a toothed belt 34 which rotates via gears 36, 38 on the drive shaft 22 or the unbalance exciter shaft 12 in order to transmit the drive energy to the unbalance exciter shaft 12. Since no synchronous running of the masses is required, V-belts can also be used.
  • the pendulum housing 8 is in the embodiment of Fig. 2 pivotable about a pivot axis, which is coaxial with the drum axis 2.
  • the pendulum housing 8 is supported radially via a roller bearing 30 on its outer circumference against the drum portions 4a, 4b.
  • the drive shaft 22 for the pendulum vibrator 10 is in turn mounted in the pendulum housing 8 by means of a rolling bearing 32.
  • the vibration drive 6 can directly drive the unbalance exciter shaft 12, wherein the vibration drive 6 can consist of an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.
  • the drive shaft 22 and the existing of a belt drive 24 intermediate gear between the drive shaft 22 and the unbalance exciter shaft 12 accounts.
  • An adjusting device 5 which preferably consists of a piston-cylinder unit, is fixed on one side to the frame member 13 and actuates a in Fig. 2 invisible by the shaft 21 concealed adjusting lever, with the help of which passed through the bandage drive 9b shaft 21 is rotatable.
  • the shaft 21 is connected to a control lever 23 which is connected via at least one damping element 20 at its radial end to the pendulum housing 8.
  • the adjusting lever 23 may also consist of a disc, on whose outer circumference a plurality of damping elements 20 are coupled to the pendulum housing 8. With the help of the adjusting device 5 thus the pendulum vibrator 10 is adjustable relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis 2.
  • the pendulum housing 8 can be adjusted continuously by ⁇ 90 ° from its vertical rest position by means of the adjusting device 5.
  • At least one imbalance mass 16 is mounted on an unbalance exciter shaft and generated upon rotation centrifugal forces whose size depends on the size of the imbalance and the speed of the exciter shaft. The centrifugal forces act in every direction with equal strength.
  • the unbalance exciter shaft 12 is mounted in a pendulum housing 8, which in turn is suspended parallel to the unbalance exciter shaft 12 about the hinge center axis 2 pendulum.
  • centrifugal forces can only in the direction of the axis unbalance exciter shaft - Bandagenmitte be fully transmitted. Forces perpendicular to this plane cause a deflection of the pendulum housing from its rest position (pendulum oscillation).
  • the mass of the pendulum vibrator 10 must be pivoted against its inertia about the drum axis 2. This produces reaction forces in the drum axis 2 which are orthogonal to the above-mentioned directly transmitted centrifugal forces.
  • the forces acting transversely to the main vibration plane depend on the position of the center of gravity of the pendulum housing and on the distance of the unbalance exciter shaft 12 from the center of the drum or pendulum suspension.
  • the position of the oscillation ellipse is adjustable by means of the adjusting device 5, with which the oscillating pendulum housing 8 is pivotable in its angular position.
  • Fig. 3 For example, three marked with a, b and c angular positions of the pendulum housing 8 are shown with the associated elliptical bandage vibrations.
  • the position a shows the vertical position of the pendulum vibrator 10 with an elliptical bandage vibration whose major axis is vertical.
  • a bandage vibration is generated, the Main axis at an angle of, for example, 45 ° to the vertical.
  • the pendulum housing can also be pivoted through an angle of 90 °, whereby an elliptical band vibration can be adjusted, in which the main axis is horizontal.
  • Each position between the angular positions a, b, c is adjustable.
  • the angle of the pendulum housing oscillation can be kept small. For example, oscillates or oscillates the pendulum housing 8 relative to the set by means of the adjusting device 5 angular position as a central position by ⁇ 3 °.
  • the optimum vibration direction for the compression intensity can be done by measuring the waveform during compression.
  • the change in the form of vibration with increasing compaction of the ground compared to oscillation in uncompacted ground represents a measured value for the compaction.
  • This measured value serves as a reference variable for the regulation of the oscillation direction.
  • the road roller 1 can thus adapt to the background conditions.
  • the adjusting device 5 can be operated automatically or by manual control. During the automatic operation, the oscillation shape or the change of the elliptical oscillation movement of the roller bandage is monitored. During the crossing of the road roller 1, the condition of the ground is determined by the vibration analysis.
  • the results of the vibration analysis can be used to automatically adjust the vibration direction via a machine control. It can also be a speed control for the Unbalance exciter shaft 12 are carried out via the hydrostatic vibration drive 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

In a compressor comprising at least one traveling drum (4,4a,4b) rotatable about a drum axis (2), and an oscillation exciter supported in the drum (4,4a, 4b), the angular position of the oscillation exciter being adjustable by an adjustable pivoting angle relative to a vertical plane which extends through the drum axis (2), it is provided that the oscillation exciter comprises a pendulum-type vibrator (10) having a pendulum-type housing (8) which pivots about a pivoting axis extending coaxially to the drum axis (2) and includes a single unbalance exciter shaft (12) supported at a radial parallel distance to the drum axis (2) in the pendulum-type housing (8), wherein the pendulum-type vibrator (10) generates an elliptical drum oscillation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verdichtungsgerät mit mindestens einer vibrierenden Bandage nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a compacting device with at least one vibrating bandage according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein gattungsgemäßes Verdichtungsgerät ist aus der EP 0 530 546 A bekannt. Das bekannte Verdichtungsgerät weist wenigstens eine verfahrbare Bandage auf, die mit parallel zur Bandagenachse angeordneten und synchron rotierenden Unwuchterregerwellen eines Schwingungserregers derart in Wirkverbindung steht, dass die Walze wahlweise eine überwiegende dynamische Scher- oder Druckbelastung auf den Boden ausübt.A generic compacting device is from the EP 0 530 546 A known. The known compaction device has at least one movable bandage, which is arranged in parallel to the bandage axis and synchronously rotating unbalance exciter shafts of a vibration exciter in operative connection that the roller optionally exerts a predominantly dynamic shear or compressive load on the ground.

Eine ähnliche Lösung ist auch aus der DE 298 05 361 U bekannt.A similar solution is also from the DE 298 05 361 U known.

Die Vibration wird durch mindestens zwei Erregerwellen mit gegensinnig rotierenden Unwuchtmassen erzeugt. Daraus resultiert eine gerichtete Schwingung, deren Wirkungsrichtung aus einer horizontalen in eine vertikale Richtung verschwenkt werden kann. Die Amplitude der Walzenbandage bleibt dabei konstant, so dass lediglich die Schwingungsrichtung verändert wird.The vibration is generated by at least two exciter waves with oppositely rotating imbalance masses. This results in a directional vibration whose direction of action can be pivoted from a horizontal to a vertical direction. The amplitude of the roller bandage remains constant, so that only the direction of vibration is changed.

Bekannt ist auch die Vibrationserzeugung durch Kreisrüttler. Hierbei sitzen die Unwuchtmassen vorzugsweise auf einer Achse in der Bandagenmitte und erzeugen eine umlaufende Kraft. Werden zwei gleichsinnig umlaufende Unwuchtmassen verwendet, die in ihrer Phase zueinander verstellbar sind, kann der Betrag der resultierenden Verdichtungskraft durch die Veränderung der Phasenlage verändert werden. Ein weiterer Parameter zur Anpassung an die Einsatzbedingungen ist die Variation der Vibrationsfrequenz.Also known is vibration generation by means of circular vibrators. In this case, the imbalance masses preferably sit on an axis in the center of the bandage and generate a circumferential force. Will be two in the same direction circulating imbalance masses used, which are mutually adjustable in phase, the amount of the resulting compaction force can be changed by the change in the phase position. Another parameter for adapting to the conditions of use is the variation of the vibration frequency.

Ein Verfahren zur Messung mechanischer Daten eines Bodens und zur Einstellung der Walzenparameter, das auf der genannten mechanischen Lösung zur Anpassung von Verdichtungskraft und Frequenz basiert ist, aus der WO 98/17865 bekannt.A method for measuring mechanical data of a soil and for adjusting the roll parameters, which is based on said mechanical solution for adjusting the compression force and frequency, from the WO 98/17865 known.

Ausgehend von einer Vibrationsbandage mit einem Kreisrüttler, dessen Amplitude und Frequenz stufenlos verstellt werden können, hat sich die Anmelderin mit der automatischen Anpassung der Walzenparameter, Fahrgeschwindigkeit, Amplitude und Frequenz an die jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen befasst. Diese Form der Amplituden- und Frequenzverstellung ist konstruktiv sehr aufwendig. Entsprechendes gilt für die Verstellung der Wirkungsrichtung der Schwingungen bei den bereits genannten Gegenrüttlern gemäß EP 0 530 546 A und DE 29 805 361 U , da hier mindestens zwei Erregerwellen, deren Drehbewegung aufeinander abgestimmt werden müssen, verwendet werden.Based on a vibration bandage with a circular vibrator whose amplitude and frequency can be adjusted continuously, the applicant has dealt with the automatic adjustment of the roll parameters, travel speed, amplitude and frequency to the respective conditions of use. This form of amplitude and frequency adjustment is structurally very expensive. The same applies to the adjustment of the direction of action of the vibrations in the aforementioned counter-vibrators according to EP 0 530 546 A and DE 29 805 361 U , as here at least two exciter waves whose rotational movement must be coordinated with each other, are used.

Kreisrüttler erreichen unter vergleichbaren Bedingungen höhere Verdichtungswerte als die gerichtete Schwingung der Gegenrüttler. Die gerichtete Schwingung der Gegenrüttler erzeugt im Boden nämlich Druckkräfte, die jeweils nur in einer Richtung wirken und so das Verdichten durch eine Verschiebung verschiedener Lagen des verdichtenden Untergrundes nur eingeschränkt zulassen. Wird diese Wirkungsrichtung der Schwingung aus einer vertikalen in eine horizontale Richtung verschwenkt, um etwa die auf Gebäude übertragbare Schwingung zu reduzieren, wird die auf den Untergrund übertragbare Scherbeanspruchung sehr gering.Circular vibrators achieve higher compression values under comparable conditions than the directional vibration of the counter-vibrators. The directional oscillation of the counter-vibrators produces pressure forces in the ground, which in each case act only in one direction and thus allow the compression by a shift of different layers of the compacting ground only to a limited extent. If this mode of action of the oscillation is pivoted from a vertical to a horizontal direction in order, for example, to reduce the vibration which can be transmitted to buildings, the shear stress which can be transmitted to the substrate becomes very small.

Bei dem Verdichtungsprinzip EP 0 053 598 kann wahlweise mit einer tiefenwirksamen Vibration nach dem Kreisrüttlerprinzip oder mit einer durch Drehmomente erzeugten oszillierenden Bandagenbewegung, die überwiegend Scherbeanspruchungen im Untergrund erzeugt, verdichtet werden. Die oszillierende Bandagenbewegung reduziert wie der verstellbare Gegenrüttler die Schwingungsbelastung der Maschine und der Umgebung, erreicht aber im Vergleich höhere Verdichtungswerte. Das Prinzip beinhaltet zwei Erregerwellen, die im gleichen Drehsinn um 180° phasenverschoben synchron umlaufen. Dadurch kompensieren sich die von den Erregerwellen erzeugten entgegengerichteten Kräfte auf die Bandage. Erzeugt wird ein Drehmoment auf die Bandage um die Bandagenachse. Diese Momente mit wechselnden Vorzeichen führen zu der oszillierenden Bewegung der Bandage und es entsteht eine Scherbeanspruchung des Untergrundes mit vergleichsweise hoher Tiefenwirkung. Wird eine höhere Tiefenwirkung benötigt, erfolgt die Reduzierung der Phasenverschiebung von 180° auf 0°, so dass die Wirkung eines Kreisrüttlers entsteht. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil dieses Konzepts besteht darin, dass konstruktiv keine stufenlose Verstellung der Amplitude realisiert werden kann, ohne dass undefinierte Schwingungszustände entstehen. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht in dem hohen konstruktiven Aufwand.In the compression principle EP 0 053 598 can optionally be compacted with a deep-acting vibration according to the circular vibrator principle or with an oscillating bandage movement generated by torques, which generates predominantly shearing stresses in the subsurface. The oscillating bandage movement reduces the vibratory load of the machine and the environment as the adjustable counter jogger, but achieved in comparison higher compression values. The principle includes two exciter shafts that rotate synchronously in the same direction of rotation by 180 ° out of phase. As a result, the opposing forces generated by the exciter waves compensate for the bandage. A torque is generated on the bandage around the bandage axis. These moments with changing signs lead to the oscillating movement of the bandage and there is a shear stress of the substrate with a comparatively high depth effect. If a higher depth effect is required, the phase shift is reduced from 180 ° to 0 °, thus creating the effect of a circular vibrator. A major disadvantage of this concept is that structurally no stepless adjustment of the amplitude can be realized without undefined vibrational states arise. Another disadvantage is the high design complexity.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verdichtungsgerät der eingangs genannten Art hinsichtlich ihres mechanischen Aufbaus zu vereinfachen und die Erzeugung einer Schwingungsbewegung zu ermöglichen, mit der eine Krafteinleitung in das zu verdichtende Material optimiert ist, um eine schnelle Verdichtung zu ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to simplify a compactor of the type mentioned in terms of their mechanical structure and to allow the generation of a vibrational movement, with which an introduction of force is optimized in the material to be compacted to allow rapid compaction.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.To solve this problem serve the features of claim 1.

Die Erfindung sieht in vorteilhafter Weise vor, dass der Schwingungserreger aus einem Pendelrüttler zum Erzeugen einer elliptischen Schwingung der Bandage mit einem um die Bandagenachse oszillierenden Pendelgehäuse und mit einer einzigen, mit radialem Abstand von der Bandagenachse und parallel zu dieser in dem Pendelgehäuse gelagerten Unwuchterregerwelle besteht.The invention advantageously provides that the vibration exciter consists of a pendulum vibrator for generating an elliptical oscillation of the bandage with an oscillating housing oscillating about the bandage axis and with a single unbalance exciter shaft mounted at a radial distance from the bandage axis and parallel thereto in the pendulum housing.

Die Verwendung eines Pendelrüttlers verbindet die Vorteile des einfachen konstruktiven Aufbaus eines Kreisrüttlers mit den Verstellmöglichkeiten eines gerichteten Gegenrüttlers, sowie den verdichtungstechnischen Vorteilen einer oszillierenden Bandagenbewegung. Die auf der Erregerwelle rotierende Unwuchtmasse erzeugt umlaufende Kräfte. Da die Erregerwelle in einem Pendelgehäuse schwenkbar um die Bandagenachse gelagert ist, werden nur geringe Kräfte außerhalb der Richtung der Längsachse des Pendels übertragen. Die Kraftkomponenten der Unwuchtmasse, die einen Winkel zur Längsachse des Pendels aufweisen, erzeugen ein Moment auf das Pendelgehäuse um die Bandagenachse und verursachen so eine Auslenkung des Pendels. Aufgrund der hohen Frequenz der Unwuchtmasse und den Massenträgheiten des Pendelgehäuses kann der Winkel der Pendelbewegung klein gehalten werden.The use of a pendulum vibrator combines the advantages of the simple construction of a Kreisrüttlers with the adjustment of a directional Gegenrüttlers, and the compaction technical advantages of an oscillating bandage movement. The imbalance mass rotating on the exciter shaft generates circulating forces. Since the exciter shaft is mounted in a pendulum housing pivotable about the drum axis, only small forces are transmitted outside the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum. The Force components of the imbalance mass that are at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the pendulum create a moment on the pendulum housing about the drum axis causing the pendulum to deflect. Due to the high frequency of the imbalance mass and the mass inertia of the pendulum housing, the angle of the pendulum motion can be kept small.

Aufgrund der Pendelschwingungen des Pendelgehäuses ergibt sich eine grundsätzlich elliptische Schwingungsform der Bandage.Due to the pendulum oscillations of the pendulum housing results in a fundamentally elliptical waveform of the bandage.

Das Pendelgehäuse ist vorzugsweise an der Innenseite der Bandage über Wälzlager radial gegen die Bandage abgestützt. Die radiale Abstützung kann an dem radial äußeren Umfangsbereich des Pendelgehäuses erfolgen oder an entsprechenden radialen Gehäuseabstufungen des Pendelgehäuses an den axialen Seitenflächen. Die radialen Wälzlager übertragen die Schwingungen des Pendelgehäuses auf die Bandage.The pendulum housing is preferably supported radially on the inside of the bandage via rolling bearings against the bandage. The radial support can be made on the radially outer peripheral portion of the pendulum housing or on corresponding radial Gehäuseabstufungen the pendulum housing on the axial side surfaces. The radial bearings transmit the oscillations of the pendulum housing to the drum.

Die Winkellage der Längsachse des Pendelrüttlers relativ zu einer vertikalen Ebene durch die Bandagenachse ist mit Hilfe einer Stelleinrichtung einstellbar. Damit ist die Orientierung der elliptischen Schwingung relativ zu einer vertikalen Ebene durch die Bandagenachse um beispielsweise ± 90° einstellbar. Zwischen der Stelleinrichtung zum Einstellen der Winkellage des Pendelrüttlers und dem Pendelgehäuse ist ein Pendelschwingungen zulassendes und begrenzendes Dämpfungselement angeordnet. Das Dämpfungselement dient als Kopplungselement zwischen einem Stellhebel der Stelleinrichtung und dem oszillierenden Pendelgehäuse. Der Stellhebel gibt die Winkellage der Längsachse des Pendelrüttlers vor, wobei das Dämpfungselement eine Schwingung des Pendelgehäuses um diese Winkellage in einem bestimmten Umfang zulässt.The angular position of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum vibrator relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis is adjustable by means of an adjusting device. Thus, the orientation of the elliptical vibration is adjustable relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis by, for example ± 90 °. Between the adjusting device for adjusting the angular position of the pendulum vibrator and the pendulum housing a pendulum vibrations permitting and limiting damping element is arranged. The damping element serves as a coupling element between a control lever of the adjusting device and the oscillating pendulum housing. The adjusting lever specifies the angular position of the longitudinal axis of the pendulum vibrator, wherein the damping element allows oscillation of the pendulum housing to this angular position to a certain extent.

Die Längsachse des Pendelgehäuses liegt in einer von der Antriebswelle des Pendelrüttlers und der Unwuchtwelle definierten Ebene.The longitudinal axis of the pendulum housing lies in a plane defined by the drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator and the imbalance shaft.

Die von dem Vibrationsantrieb erzeugte elliptische Schwingungsform ist einerseits über die Winkellage des Pendelgehäuses und andererseits über die Drehzahl der Unwuchterregerwelle variierbar. Insofern kann die Richtung der elliptischen Schwingung und deren Intensität eingestellt werden.The generated by the vibration drive elliptical waveform is on the one hand on the angular position of the pendulum housing and on the other hand on the speed of the Unbalance exciter shaft variable. In this respect, the direction of the elliptical vibration and its intensity can be adjusted.

Die Antriebswelle des Pendelrüttlers ist koaxial zur Bandagenachse angeordnet, wobei die Antriebswelle in dem Pendelgehäuse gelagert ist.The drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator is arranged coaxially to the drum axis, wherein the drive shaft is mounted in the pendulum housing.

Die Antriebswelle für den Pendelrüttler ist über ein Zwischengetriebe mit der Unwuchterregerwelle gekoppelt. Dabei kann das Zwischengetriebe aus einem Riementrieb bestehen.The drive shaft for the pendulum vibrator is coupled via an intermediate gear with the unbalance exciter shaft. In this case, the intermediate gear consist of a belt drive.

Alternativ kann die Unwuchterregerwelle elektrisch oder hydrostatisch direkt antreibbar sein. In diesem Fall kann das Zwischengetriebe und die Antriebswelle des Pendelrüttlers entfallen, so dass der konstruktive Aufwand reduziert wird.Alternatively, the unbalance exciter shaft can be driven electrically or hydrostatically directly. In this case, the intermediate gear and the drive shaft of the pendulum vibrator can be omitted, so that the design effort is reduced.

Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist vorgesehen, dass in Axialrichtung zwei Bandagen nebeneinander angeordnet sind, die einen gemeinsamen Pendelrüttler aufweisen. Die beiden Bandagen können mit unabhängigen Bandagenantrieben versehen sein.In one embodiment, it is provided that two bandages are arranged side by side in the axial direction, which have a common pendulum vibrator. The two bandages can be provided with independent bandage drives.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert:In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings:

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Straßenwalze mit erfindungsgemäßer Bandage,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch die Bandage mit innenliegendem Pendelrüttler, und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung der Winkellagen des Pendelrüttlers mit den zugehörigen Schwingungsformen der Bandage.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a road roller with a bandage according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a cross section through the bandage with internal pendulum vibrator, and
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of the angular positions of the pendulum vibrator with the associated waveforms of the bandage.

Fig. 1 ist eine Straßenwalze 1 mit einem Fahrgestell 3, einem Radantrieb mit zwei hinteren Rädern 7 und einer vorderen Bandage 4. Fig. 1 is a road roller 1 with a chassis 3, a wheel drive with two rear wheels 7 and a front bandage. 4

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch die Bandage 4, wobei das Ausführungsbeispiel eine geteilte Bandage 4 mit zwei Bandagenabschnitten 4a,4b darstellt. Die Bandagenabschnitte 4a,4b können jeweils mit einem eigenen Bandagenantrieb 9a,9b, versehen sein, die beim Lenken eine Relativbewegung der beiden Bandagenabschnitte ermöglichen. Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the bandage 4, wherein the embodiment is a split bandage 4 with two bandage sections 4a, 4b. The bandage sections 4a, 4b can each be provided with its own bandage drive 9a, 9b, which allow a relative movement of the two bandage sections during the steering.

Der Anschlussflansch 13, an dem der Bandagenantrieb 9a,9b befestigt ist, ist mit dem Maschinenrahmen 3 über Gummielemente 15 elastisch verbunden.The connecting flange 13, to which the bandage drive 9a, 9b is fastened, is elastically connected to the machine frame 3 via rubber elements 15.

Die Bandagenantriebe 9a,9b sind am Fahrzeugrahmen 3 an einem Anschlussflansch 13 befestigt und treiben die Bandagenabschnitte 4a,4b über jeweils einen Innenflansch 11a,11b an.The bandage drives 9a, 9b are fastened to the vehicle frame 3 on a connection flange 13 and drive the bandage sections 4a, 4b via an inner flange 11a, 11b.

Die Bandage 4 nimmt in ihrem Inneren einen Pendelrüttler 10 auf, der über eine Antriebswelle 22 angetrieben wird, die koaxial zur Bandagenachse 2 durch den Bandagenantrieb 9a hindurch verläuft. Die Antriebswelle 22 ist mit einem Vibrationsantrieb 6 verbunden.The bandage 4 receives in its interior a pendulum vibrator 10 which is driven by a drive shaft 22 which extends coaxially to the drum axis 2 through the drum drive 9a. The drive shaft 22 is connected to a vibration drive 6.

Der Pendelrüttler 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Pendelgehäuse 8 mit einer einzigen in dem Pendelgehäuse 8 gelagerten Unwuchterregerwelle 12. Die Unwuchterregerwelle 12 ist mit ortsfest auf der Unwuchterregerwelle 12 befestigten Unwuchtmassen 16 versehen.The pendulum vibrator 10 consists essentially of a pendulum housing 8 with a single mounted in the pendulum housing 8 unbalance exciter shaft 12. The unbalance exciter shaft 12 is fixedly mounted on the unbalance exciter shaft 12 unbalanced masses 16 provided.

Die Antriebswelle 22 ist mit der Unwuchterregerwelle 12 über ein in dem Pendelgehäuse 8 angeordnetes, z.B. aus einem Riementrieb 24 bestehenden Zwischengetriebe verbunden. Der Riementrieb 24 kann einen Zahnriemen 34 aufweisen, der über Zahnräder 36,38 auf der Antriebswelle 22 bzw. der Unwuchterregerwelle 12 umläuft, um die Antriebsenergie auf die Unwuchterregerwelle 12 zu übertragen. Da kein Synchronlauf der Massen erforderlich ist, können auch Keilriemen verwendet werden.The drive shaft 22 is connected to the unbalance exciter shaft 12 via an arranged in the pendulum housing 8, e.g. connected from a belt drive 24 existing intermediate gear. The belt drive 24 may have a toothed belt 34 which rotates via gears 36, 38 on the drive shaft 22 or the unbalance exciter shaft 12 in order to transmit the drive energy to the unbalance exciter shaft 12. Since no synchronous running of the masses is required, V-belts can also be used.

Das Pendelgehäuse 8 ist in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 um eine Schwenkachse verschwenkbar, die mit der Bandagenachse 2 koaxial ist.The pendulum housing 8 is in the embodiment of Fig. 2 pivotable about a pivot axis, which is coaxial with the drum axis 2.

In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 ist das Pendelgehäuse 8 radial über eine Wälzlagerung 30 an seinem Außenumfang gegen die Bandagenabschnitte 4a,4b abgestützt. Die Antriebswelle 22 für den Pendelrüttler 10 ist ihrerseits in dem Pendelgehäuse 8 mit Hilfe einer Wälzlagerung 32 gelagert.In the embodiment of Fig. 2 the pendulum housing 8 is supported radially via a roller bearing 30 on its outer circumference against the drum portions 4a, 4b. The drive shaft 22 for the pendulum vibrator 10 is in turn mounted in the pendulum housing 8 by means of a rolling bearing 32.

Alternativ zu dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel kann der Vibrationsantrieb 6 direkt die Unwuchterregerwelle 12 antreiben, wobei der Vibrationsantrieb 6 aus einem Elektromotor oder einem Hydromotor bestehen kann. Im Falle eines Direktantriebs entfallen die Antriebswelle 22 und das aus einem Riementrieb 24 bestehende Zwischengetriebe zwischen der Antriebswelle 22 und der Unwuchterregerwelle 12.As an alternative to the exemplary embodiment shown, the vibration drive 6 can directly drive the unbalance exciter shaft 12, wherein the vibration drive 6 can consist of an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. In the case of a direct drive, the drive shaft 22 and the existing of a belt drive 24 intermediate gear between the drive shaft 22 and the unbalance exciter shaft 12 accounts.

Eine Stelleinrichtung 5, die vorzugsweise aus einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit besteht, ist einseitig an dem Rahmenelement 13 befestigt und betätigt einen in Fig. 2 nicht sichtbaren durch die Welle 21 verdeckten Stellhebel, mit dessen Hilfe die durch den Bandagenantrieb 9b hindurchgeführte Welle 21 verdrehbar ist. Die Welle 21 ist mit einem Stellhebel 23 verbunden, der über mindestens ein Dämpfungselement 20 an seinem radialen Ende mit dem Pendelgehäuse 8 verbundenen ist. Der Stellhebel 23 kann auch aus einer Scheibe bestehen, an derem äußeren Umfang mehrere Dämpfungselemente 20 mit dem Pendelgehäuse 8 gekoppelt sind. Mit Hilfe der Stelleinrichtung 5 ist somit der Pendelrüttler 10 relativ zu einer vertikalen Ebene durch die Bandagenachse 2 verstellbar.An adjusting device 5, which preferably consists of a piston-cylinder unit, is fixed on one side to the frame member 13 and actuates a in Fig. 2 invisible by the shaft 21 concealed adjusting lever, with the help of which passed through the bandage drive 9b shaft 21 is rotatable. The shaft 21 is connected to a control lever 23 which is connected via at least one damping element 20 at its radial end to the pendulum housing 8. The adjusting lever 23 may also consist of a disc, on whose outer circumference a plurality of damping elements 20 are coupled to the pendulum housing 8. With the help of the adjusting device 5 thus the pendulum vibrator 10 is adjustable relative to a vertical plane through the drum axis 2.

Wie am besten aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich, kann das Pendelgehäuse 8 stufenlos um ± 90° aus seiner vertikalen Ruhelage mit Hilfe der Stelleinrichtung 5 verstellt werden.How best Fig. 3 can be seen, the pendulum housing 8 can be adjusted continuously by ± 90 ° from its vertical rest position by means of the adjusting device 5.

Mindestens eine Unwuchtmasse 16 ist auf einer Unwuchterregerwelle befestigt und erzeugt bei Drehung Fliehkräfte, deren Größe von der Größe der Unwucht und der Drehzahl der Erregerwelle abhängt. Die Fliehkräfte wirken in jeder Richtung mit gleicher Stärke.At least one imbalance mass 16 is mounted on an unbalance exciter shaft and generated upon rotation centrifugal forces whose size depends on the size of the imbalance and the speed of the exciter shaft. The centrifugal forces act in every direction with equal strength.

Die Unwuchterregerwelle 12 ist in einem Pendelgehäuse 8 gelagert, welches wiederum parallel zur Unwuchterregerwelle 12 um die Bandagenmittelachse 2 pendelnd aufgehängt ist. Durch diese pendelnde Aufhängung des Pendelgehäuses 8 können Fliehkräfte nur in Richtung der Achse Unwuchterregerwelle - Bandagenmitte voll übertragen werden. Kräfte senkrecht zu dieser Ebene bewirken ein Auslenken des Pendelgehäuses aus seiner Ruhelage (Pendelschwingung).The unbalance exciter shaft 12 is mounted in a pendulum housing 8, which in turn is suspended parallel to the unbalance exciter shaft 12 about the hinge center axis 2 pendulum. By this pendulum suspension of the pendulum housing 8 centrifugal forces can only in the direction of the axis unbalance exciter shaft - Bandagenmitte be fully transmitted. Forces perpendicular to this plane cause a deflection of the pendulum housing from its rest position (pendulum oscillation).

Die Masse des Pendelrüttlers 10 muss dabei gegen seine Trägheit um die Bandagenachse 2 verschwenkt werden. Dies erzeugt Reaktionskräfte in der Bandagenachse 2, die orthogonal zu den oben erwähnten, direkt übertragenen Fliehkräften wirken.The mass of the pendulum vibrator 10 must be pivoted against its inertia about the drum axis 2. This produces reaction forces in the drum axis 2 which are orthogonal to the above-mentioned directly transmitted centrifugal forces.

Die direkt von der Unwuchterregerwelle auf die Bandagenachse übertragenen Kraftkomponenten und die quer dazu wirkenden Kraftkomponenten erzeugen die elliptische Schwingung der Bandage.The force components transmitted directly from the unbalance exciter shaft to the drum axis and the force components acting transversely thereto produce the elliptical vibration of the drum.

Die quer zur Hauptschwingungsebene (Erregerwelle - Bandagenachse) wirkenden Kräfte sind in ihrer Größe abhängig von der Lage des Schwerpunktes des Pendelgehäuses und vom Abstand der Unwuchterregerwelle 12 zur Bandagenmitte bzw. Pendelaufhängung.The forces acting transversely to the main vibration plane (exciter shaft - drum axis) depend on the position of the center of gravity of the pendulum housing and on the distance of the unbalance exciter shaft 12 from the center of the drum or pendulum suspension.

Es ist daher konstruktiv möglich, in der Bandage eine Kreisschwingung zu erzeugen, wenn der Abstand Erregerwelle - Bandagenachse 2 und/oder der Schwerpunktabstand des Pendelgehäuses von der Bandagenmitte null ist. Angenähert eine Gerade entsteht, wenn die Abstände gegen unendlich gehen.It is therefore possible constructively to generate a circular oscillation in the bandage when the distance exciter shaft - bandage axis 2 and / or the center of gravity distance of the pendulum housing from the center of the bandage is zero. Approximately a straight line is created when the distances approach infinity.

Durch geeignete Auswahl der Abstände kann eine mehr oder weniger flache Schwingungsellipse erzeugt werden. Dies ist mathematisch sowie experimentell nachweisbar.By suitable selection of the distances, a more or less flat oscillation ellipse can be produced. This can be proven mathematically and experimentally.

Die Lage der Schwingungsellipse ist verstellbar mittels der Stelleinrichtung 5, mit der das schwingende Pendelgehäuse 8 in seiner Winkellage verschwenkbar ist.The position of the oscillation ellipse is adjustable by means of the adjusting device 5, with which the oscillating pendulum housing 8 is pivotable in its angular position.

In Fig. 3 sind beispielsweise drei mit a, b und c gekennzeichnete Winkellagen des Pendelgehäuses 8 mit den zugehörigen elliptischen Bandagenschwingungen dargestellt. Die Position a zeigt die vertikale Position des Pendelrüttlers 10 mit einer elliptischen Bandagenschwingung, deren Hauptachse vertikal verläuft. In der Stellung b des Pendelgehäuses 8 wird eine Bandagenschwingung erzeugt, deren Hauptachse unter einem Winkel von beispielsweise 45° zur Vertikalen verläuft. Schließlich kann das Pendelgehäuse auch um einen Winkel von 90° verschwenkt werden, wodurch eine elliptische Bandschwingung eingestellt werden kann, bei der die Hauptachse horizontal liegt.In Fig. 3 For example, three marked with a, b and c angular positions of the pendulum housing 8 are shown with the associated elliptical bandage vibrations. The position a shows the vertical position of the pendulum vibrator 10 with an elliptical bandage vibration whose major axis is vertical. In the position b of the pendulum housing 8, a bandage vibration is generated, the Main axis at an angle of, for example, 45 ° to the vertical. Finally, the pendulum housing can also be pivoted through an angle of 90 °, whereby an elliptical band vibration can be adjusted, in which the main axis is horizontal.

Jede Stellung zwischen den Winkellagen a, b, c ist einstellbar.Each position between the angular positions a, b, c is adjustable.

Die Kraftkomponenten der Unwuchtmassen 16, die einen Winkel zur Längsachse des Pendelgehäuses aufweisen, erzeugen einen Moment auf das Pendelgehäuse um die koaxial zur Bandagenachse 2 verlaufenden Schwenkachse des Pendelgehäuses 8 und verursachen so eine Auslenkung des Pendelgehäuses 8. Aufgrund der hohen Frequenz der Unwuchtmassen 16, und den Massenträgheiten des Pendelgehäuses 8 und aufgrund des Dämpfungselementes 20 kann der Winkel der Pendelgehäuseschwingung klein gehalten werden. Beispielsweise oszilliert oder schwingt das Pendelgehäuse 8 relativ zu der mit Hilfe der Stelleinrichtung 5 eingestellten Winkellage als Mittellage um ± 3°.The force components of the unbalanced masses 16, which have an angle to the longitudinal axis of the pendulum housing, generate a moment on the pendulum housing about the coaxial with the drum axis 2 pivot axis of the pendulum housing 8 and thus cause a deflection of the pendulum housing 8. Due to the high frequency of the imbalance masses 16, and the inertia of the pendulum housing 8 and due to the damping element 20, the angle of the pendulum housing oscillation can be kept small. For example, oscillates or oscillates the pendulum housing 8 relative to the set by means of the adjusting device 5 angular position as a central position by ± 3 °.

Die für die Verdichtungsintensität optimale Schwingungsrichtung kann durch Messen der Schwingungsform während des Verdichtens erfolgen. Die Veränderung der Schwingungsform mit zunehmender Verdichtung des Untergrundes im Vergleich zur Schwingung bei unverdichtetem Untergrund stellt einen Messwert für die Verdichtung dar. Dieser Messwert dient als Führungsgröße für die Regelung der Schwingungsrichtung. Beispielsweise wird bei unverdichtetem Untergrund die Winkelstellung a gewählt, während die Stellung c bei Abschluss des Verdichtungsvorganges gewählt werden kann. Die Straßenwalze 1 kann sich so den Untergrundverhältnissen anpassen. Die Stelleinrichtung 5 kann automatisiert betätigt werden oder per Handsteuerung. Während des Automatikbetriebs wird die Schwingungsform bzw. die Veränderung der elliptischen Schwingungsbewegung der Walzenbandage überwacht. Während der Überfahrt der Straßenwalze 1 wird durch die Schwingungsanalyse die Beschaffenheit des Untergrundes ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse der Schwingungsanalyse können dazu verwendet werden, über eine Maschinensteuerung eine automatische Verstellung der Schwingungsrichtung durchzuführen. Dabei kann auch eine Drehzahlsteuerung für die Unwuchterregerwelle 12 über den hydrostatischen Vibrationsantrieb 6 ausgeführt werden.The optimum vibration direction for the compression intensity can be done by measuring the waveform during compression. The change in the form of vibration with increasing compaction of the ground compared to oscillation in uncompacted ground represents a measured value for the compaction. This measured value serves as a reference variable for the regulation of the oscillation direction. For example, the angle position a is selected for uncompressed ground, while the position c can be selected at the conclusion of the compaction process. The road roller 1 can thus adapt to the background conditions. The adjusting device 5 can be operated automatically or by manual control. During the automatic operation, the oscillation shape or the change of the elliptical oscillation movement of the roller bandage is monitored. During the crossing of the road roller 1, the condition of the ground is determined by the vibration analysis. The results of the vibration analysis can be used to automatically adjust the vibration direction via a machine control. It can also be a speed control for the Unbalance exciter shaft 12 are carried out via the hydrostatic vibration drive 6.

Claims (12)

  1. Compactor comprising at least one traveling drum (4,4a,4b) rotatable about a drum axis (2), an oscillation exciter supported in the drum (4,4a, 4b), the angular position of the oscillation exciter being adjustable by an adjustable pivoting angle relative to a vertical plane extending through the drum axis (2),
    characterized in that
    the oscillation exciter comprises a pendulum-type vibrator (10), the pendulum-type vibrator comprises a pendulum-type housing (8) which is pivotable about a pivoting axis extending coaxially to the drum axis (2) and includes a single unbalance exciter shaft (12) supported at a radial parallel distance to the drum axis (2) in the pendulum-type housing (8), and the pendulum-type housing (8) oscillates about the adjusted angular position, wherein the pendulum-type vibrator (10) generates an elliptic drum oscillation in the respective angular position of the pendulum-type vibrator (10).
  2. Compactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum-type housing is supported coaxially to the drum axis (2).
  3. Compactor according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the pendulum-type housing (8) has a moment of inertia which counteracts the torque about the pivoting axis of the pendulum-type housing resulting from the rotating unbalance weight (16) to generate an elliptic form of oscillation of the drum (4,4a,4b).
  4. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pendulum-type housing (8) is radially supported via rolling bearings (30) inside the drum (4,4a,4b).
  5. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between an adjusting means (5) for adjusting the angular position of the pendulum-type vibrator (10) relative to the vertical plane extending through the drum axis (2) and the pendulum-type housing (8) damping elements (20) permitting pendular oscillations of the pendulum-type housing (8) are arranged.
  6. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intensity of compaction is variable through the elliptic oscillation via the angular position of the pendulum-type housing (8) and the speed of the unbalance exciter shaft (12).
  7. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive shaft (22) of the pendulum-type vibrator (10) is arranged coaxially to the drum axis (2) and supported in the pendulum-type housing (8).
  8. Compactor according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive shaft (22) for the pendulum-type vibrator (10) is coupled via an intermediate gear with the unbalance exciter shaft (12).
  9. Compactor according to claim 8, characterized in that the intermediate gear comprises a belt drive (24).
  10. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unbalance exciter shaft (12) is adapted to be directly electrically or hydrostatically driven.
  11. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, in axial direction, two drums (4,4a,4b) are arranged side by side and comprise a common pendulum-type vibrator (10).
  12. Compactor according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a measuring means monitors the change in the elliptic form of oscillation during the compaction process and controls, in dependence on the result of the oscillation analysis, the angular position of the pendulum-type vibrator (10) via machine control and thus the amplitude of the oscillation acting upon the subsoil.
EP01990445A 2000-11-29 2001-11-27 Compactor Expired - Lifetime EP1337713B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10059245 2000-11-29
DE10059245 2000-11-29
PCT/EP2001/013806 WO2002044475A1 (en) 2000-11-29 2001-11-27 Compactor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1337713A1 EP1337713A1 (en) 2003-08-27
EP1337713B1 true EP1337713B1 (en) 2009-01-07

Family

ID=7665098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01990445A Expired - Lifetime EP1337713B1 (en) 2000-11-29 2001-11-27 Compactor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6829986B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1337713B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4131433B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE420245T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50114647D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002044475A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7186056B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2007-03-06 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc Split drum and support arrangement for a compacting work machine
US7669458B2 (en) * 2004-11-10 2010-03-02 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma Method and apparatus for predicting density of asphalt
EP1705293A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-27 Ammann Aufbereitung AG Method and device for compacting an area of ground
DE102006041784A1 (en) * 2006-09-06 2008-03-27 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag vibration exciter
US8190338B2 (en) 2008-09-02 2012-05-29 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma Method and apparatus for compaction of roadway materials
US7857544B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2010-12-28 Caterpillar Inc Extension plate for a compactor
US8376655B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2013-02-19 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Compactor with smooth hose routing
US20110017482A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Keith Carl A Roller Technology
DE102009055950A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Hamm Ag Compactor for compacting grounds, has movable drum rotatable around drum axle, where drum part of drum comprises vibration generator that is supported at distance from drum axle in drum
US8393825B2 (en) 2010-11-05 2013-03-12 Caterpillar Inc. Vibratory compactor
US8439598B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2013-05-14 Caterpillar Inc. Oscillatory compaction method
US8328464B2 (en) * 2011-02-04 2012-12-11 Wacker Neuson Production Americas Llc Vibratory roller with composite exciter drive gear
EP2710189B1 (en) * 2011-05-20 2016-08-24 Volvo Construction Equipment AB Surface compactor and method of operating same
US8965638B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2015-02-24 Caterpillar Paving Products, Inc. Vibratory frequency selection system
US9096230B2 (en) 2011-11-01 2015-08-04 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Hystat drive system having coasting functionality
US8608403B2 (en) 2012-03-28 2013-12-17 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Magnetic vibratory compactor
DE102012024104A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-12 Bomag Gmbh compaction
EP2781269A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-24 Eurodrill GmbH Vibration generator, especially for a construction machine
JP6214428B2 (en) * 2014-02-26 2017-10-18 大成ロテック株式会社 Compaction device and compaction ground construction method
USD745063S1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2015-12-08 Bomag Gmbh Tandem roller
USD744543S1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2015-12-01 Bomag Gmbh Tandem roller
USD772781S1 (en) 2014-09-11 2016-11-29 Hamm Ag Roof for a vehicle
USD756422S1 (en) 2014-09-11 2016-05-17 Hamm Ag Engine hood for a vehicle
US20170016184A1 (en) 2015-07-15 2017-01-19 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Vibratory Compactor Having Conventional and Oscillatory Vibrating Capability
DE102015112847A1 (en) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Hamm Ag compactor
US10036129B2 (en) 2016-04-20 2018-07-31 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Vibratory compacting machine
CN106627100A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-05-10 柳工无锡路面机械有限公司 Rear driving wheel system of small-sized combined road roller
DE102017000193A1 (en) 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Bomag Gmbh Roller for soil compaction and method for generating a vibration image of a roller for soil compaction
USD853451S1 (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-07-09 Bomag Gmbh Rear part of a single drum roller
USD853450S1 (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-07-09 Bomag Gmbh Single drum roller
USD849802S1 (en) 2017-07-06 2019-05-28 Bomag Gmbh Engine hood of a single drum roller
USD899468S1 (en) 2019-05-15 2020-10-20 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Vibratory roller

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE976405C (en) * 1951-12-23 1963-08-22 Losenhausenwerk Duesseldorfer Unbalance vibrator with oscillating mounted vibration generator
US3486427A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-12-30 Losenhausen Maschinenbau Ag Vibratory rollers
DE1634450A1 (en) * 1967-03-10 1971-11-18 Losenhausen Maschb Ag Vibrating roller

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2337532A1 (en) * 1973-07-24 1975-02-06 Koehring Gmbh Bomag Division VIBRATING ROLLER
US3909147A (en) * 1974-11-07 1975-09-30 Raygo Inc Variable amplitude vibration generator
SE426719B (en) 1980-12-03 1983-02-07 Thurner Geodynamik Ab PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PACKING A MATERIAL LAYER
US4749305A (en) * 1987-08-31 1988-06-07 Ingersoll-Rand Company Eccentric-weight subassembly, and in combination with an earth compactor drum
DE4129182A1 (en) 1991-09-03 1993-03-04 Bomag Gmbh COMPRESSOR
DE19529115A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-03-06 Wacker Werke Kg Vibration mechanism, particularly for use in soil compaction
WO1998017865A1 (en) 1996-10-21 1998-04-30 Ammann Verdichtung Ag Method of measuring mechanical data of a soil, and of compacting the soil, and measuring or soil-compaction device
DE29805361U1 (en) 1998-03-25 1998-06-04 Bomag Gmbh Vibration compactor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE976405C (en) * 1951-12-23 1963-08-22 Losenhausenwerk Duesseldorfer Unbalance vibrator with oscillating mounted vibration generator
US3486427A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-12-30 Losenhausen Maschinenbau Ag Vibratory rollers
DE1634450A1 (en) * 1967-03-10 1971-11-18 Losenhausen Maschb Ag Vibrating roller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002044475A1 (en) 2002-06-06
US20040028472A1 (en) 2004-02-12
JP4131433B2 (en) 2008-08-13
JP2004514811A (en) 2004-05-20
ATE420245T1 (en) 2009-01-15
EP1337713A1 (en) 2003-08-27
US6829986B2 (en) 2004-12-14
DE50114647D1 (en) 2009-02-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1337713B1 (en) Compactor
EP0932726B1 (en) Method of measuring mechanical data of a soil, and of compacting the soil, and measuring or soil-compaction device
EP2504490B1 (en) Compaction device and method for compacting ground
EP0789801B1 (en) Vibratory roller with at least one tyre having a built-in twin-shaft vibration generator
EP2881516A1 (en) Road roller
EP3461952B1 (en) Compressor roller
EP3092341A1 (en) Soil compaction sleeve, roller having such a soil compaction sleeve, vibration exciter device for a soil compaction sleeve and method for soil compaction
DE10038206C2 (en) Adjustable vibration exciter
EP3789126A1 (en) Adjustable screening machine
EP3568524B1 (en) Roller for compacting soil and method for generating an oscillating image of a roller for compacting soil
DE2001987A1 (en) Soil compacting device
EP2242590B1 (en) Unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances
DE112017008221T5 (en) Surface compaction machine with concentrically arranged eccentric masses
EP1534439B1 (en) Vibration exciter for soil compacting devices
EP0411349B1 (en) Machine for soil compacting
DE19631991B4 (en) Vibrator, especially for a vibration bear
DE102004017758A1 (en) Papermaking industry machine with vibratory mechanism acting on pulp suspension applied to sieve belt, includes drive unit comprising motor-driven eccentric weights
EP3617405A1 (en) Vibration generator for a roller device for compacting soil
WO2023021122A1 (en) Conveying system and method for conveying bulk material
DE3238695A1 (en) Process for producing moulded concrete bricks
DE3238717A1 (en) Unbalance vibrator
CH678637A5 (en) Ground compacting for earth working and road construction

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20030502

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

TPAC Observations filed by third parties

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNTIPA

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: HAMM AG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50114647

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090226

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

NLT2 Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin

Owner name: HAMM AG

Effective date: 20090211

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090418

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090608

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20091008

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: HAMM A.G.

Effective date: 20091130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091130

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090408

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090107

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20121207

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20121123

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20121122

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20121123

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20121122

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20121217

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20131127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131130

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20140731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131127

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131128

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20140603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 50114647

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131202

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131127