EP1517757B1 - Circuit con u pour une source electromagnetique destinee a produire des ondes acoustiques - Google Patents

Circuit con u pour une source electromagnetique destinee a produire des ondes acoustiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1517757B1
EP1517757B1 EP03740093A EP03740093A EP1517757B1 EP 1517757 B1 EP1517757 B1 EP 1517757B1 EP 03740093 A EP03740093 A EP 03740093A EP 03740093 A EP03740093 A EP 03740093A EP 1517757 B1 EP1517757 B1 EP 1517757B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
voltage
source
switching circuit
charged
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03740093A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1517757A1 (fr
Inventor
Arnim Rohwedder
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0215—Driving circuits for generating pulses, e.g. bursts of oscillations, envelopes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
    • B06B2201/52—Electrodynamic transducer
    • B06B2201/53—Electrodynamic transducer with vibrating magnet or coil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit for an electromagnetic source for generating acoustic waves, comprising a coil of the electromagnetic source and at least one first capacitor, which is connected in parallel to at least one series circuit of a second capacitor and a first valve.
  • such a circuit for an electromagnetic pressure wave source has two LC resonant circuits connected in series.
  • the first resonant circuit has a first capacitor and, in parallel thereto, a semiconductor power switch comprising a triggerable thyristor and a freewheeling diode connected in antiparallel thereto, as well as a subsequent inductance.
  • a second capacitor is connected, which also belongs to the second resonant circuit. Parallel to it, a saturable inductor and designed as an inductive load electromagnetic pressure wave source is arranged.
  • the first capacitor charged with a capacitor charger is switched to the first non-charged second capacitor so that its charge is transferred to it.
  • the inductor and the two capacitors are dimensioned so that only at the time when practically all the charge has been transferred from the first capacitor to the second capacitor saturates the saturable inductor and thus becomes low-inductance.
  • a high discharge current flows only due to the discharge voltage of the second capacitor with a predetermined by the second resonant circuit Time constant through the inductive load of the electromagnetic pressure wave source, where an acoustic pulse is generated.
  • the SU 17 47 188 A1 removable circuit for the inductance of an electrodynamic radiator has a common voltage source to which a plurality of parallel branches each having a diode at the input, a grounded storage capacitor and an output side commutator, i. Switch are connected.
  • the diodes are poled in such a way that the storage capacitors of the individual parallel branches always separate with respect to their charging voltages from each other, i. stay separated so that Umlade- or balancing operations of these charging voltages are mutually avoided.
  • the commutators of all parallel branches are collectively, i. closed at the same time. During this discharging process, the storage capacitor of the respective branch is connected in parallel with the input-side diode thereof.
  • the circuit comprises a DC voltage source 1, a switching means 2, which is usually designed as a spark gap, a capacitor C and a coil L, which is part of a sound generating unit of the electromagnetic source.
  • the sound generating unit of the electromagnetic source has, in addition to the coil L a coil carrier, not shown, on which the coil is arranged, and a likewise not shown, arranged on the coil L insulating membrane.
  • the membrane is thereby repelled into an acoustic propagation medium, whereby source pressure waves in the acoustic propagation medium as a carrier medium between the sound generating unit of the electromagnetic source and an object to be irradiated to be sent out.
  • Nonlinear effects in the carrier medium can, for example, result in shockwaves from the acoustic source pressure waves.
  • the structure of an electromagnetic source, in particular an electromagnetic shock wave source is described for example in EP 0 133 665 B1.
  • Shock waves are used, for example, for the non-invasive destruction of concrements in the interior of the body of a patient, e.g. used to destroy a kidney stone.
  • the kidney stone shock waves cause cracks to form in the kidney stone.
  • the kidney stone eventually breaks apart and can be excreted naturally.
  • the square of the current i (t), curve 5 in FIG. 2, is proportional to the acoustic waves generated by the electromagnetic shock wave source. Accordingly, a first acoustic source pressure wave from the first acoustic source pressure pulse (1st maximum) and further acoustic source pressure waves from the decaying sequence of positive acoustic source pressure pulses emerge from a discharging process of the capacitor C.
  • the first source pressure wave and the subsequent source pressure waves can, as already mentioned, by non-linear effects in the carrier medium and a non-linear focusing, which is usually done with a conventional acoustic focusing lens, in shock waves forming short upright positive portions and subsequent elongated so-called vacuum pans.
  • the frequency of the current i (t) flowing through the coil L characteristics of the shock wave, e.g. whose focus diameter, be changed.
  • the size of the active focus can be changed and, depending on the application, adjusted to the object to be treated.
  • the effective focus can be selected according to the particular stone size, so that the acoustic energy is better utilized for the disintegration of the stone and the surrounding tissue is less stressed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a circuit of the type mentioned in such a way that the generation of acoustic waves is improved.
  • this object is achieved by a circuit of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the first valve is connected such that it blocks after charging both capacitors during discharge of the first capacitor, as long as the first capacitor with a larger Voltage as the second capacitor is charged, and becomes conductive, as soon as the charging voltage of the first discharging first capacitor at least substantially the charging voltage of the second capacitor which causes the second capacitor to discharge and the two discharging capacitors energize the coil of the electromagnetic source.
  • the invention further relates to an electromagnetic source with a circuit according to the invention and a lithotripter with such an electromagnetic source.
  • the first valve which according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is a first diode or a first diode module, is connected in such a way that it blocks after charging both capacitors, thus preventing compensation processes between the two capacitors.
  • the first capacitor can be charged with a larger charging voltage than the second capacitor before the discharge of both capacitors. For the generation of the acoustic wave through the circuit is first started with the discharge of the first capacitor, that is with the capacitor with the larger charging voltage, via the coil of the electromagnetic source.
  • the first valve becomes conductive, so that both capacitors discharge and both capacitors feed the coil of the electromagnetic source with current. Consequently, the circuit has the capacitance of the first capacitor before the second capacitor starts to discharge. As both capacitors discharge, the circuit has a capacitance equal to the sum of the capacitances of both capacitors.
  • a time-varying capacitance of the circuit adjusts, whereby the waveform of the current flowing through the coil of the electromagnetic source current can be influenced.
  • the waveform of the discharge current may be further varied if the circuit has a plurality of series-connected valve / capacitor pairs connected in parallel with the first capacitor and charged with different charging voltages.
  • the first diode module includes, for example, a series and / or parallel connection of a plurality of diodes.
  • the first capacitor may be charged with a first DC voltage source and the second capacitor with a second DC voltage source prior to discharge. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is also provided to charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor with exactly one DC voltage source and to switch off the DC voltage source from the second capacitor with a switching means as soon as the second capacitor has reached its charging voltage.
  • the switching means according to one embodiment of the invention comprises at least one semiconductor element.
  • a second valve is connected in parallel.
  • the second valve is according to an embodiment of the invention, a second diode or a second diode module.
  • a stronger first acoustic wave for example in the generation of shock waves, ie a stronger first shock wave generated, resulting in an increase in the volume of the integrating effect for the destruction of concrements.
  • tissue-damaging cavitation caused by the shock waves following the first shock wave and resulting from the subsequent source pressure pulses is also reduced.
  • the reduced polarity reversal voltage caused by the second valve increases the service life of the first and second capacitors.
  • With such a generation of shock waves less audible sound waves are generated, so that there is a noise reduction.
  • the decisive factor in the generation of audible sound waves in the generation of shock waves is namely the total area under the curve of the square of the current. In the case of the present invention, this is reduced overall by the omission of the source pressure pulse normally following the first source pressure pulse.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in the form of a partially sectioned and partially block diagram-like illustration, an electromagnetic shockwave source in the form of a therapy head 10, which in the case of the present exemplary embodiment is part of a lithotripter not shown in more detail.
  • the therapy head 10 has a known per se 11, known per se sound generating unit, which operates on the electromagnetic principle.
  • the sound generating unit 11 has, in a manner not shown in FIG. 3, a coil carrier, a flat coil arranged thereon, and a metallic membrane insulated from the flat coil. To generate shockwaves, the membrane is repelled by electromagnetic interaction with the pancake coil into an acoustic propagation medium denoted by 12, whereby a source pressure wave is emitted into the acoustic propagation medium 12.
  • the source pressure wave of the acoustic lens 13 is focused on a focus zone F, with the source pressure wave splitting into a shock wave as it propagates in the acoustic propagation medium 12 and into the body of a patient P.
  • the shock wave serves to break up a stone ST in the kidney N of the patient P.
  • the therapy head 10 is associated with an operating and supply unit 14 which, except for the flat coil, comprises the circuit according to the invention for generating acoustic waves shown in FIG.
  • the control and supply unit 14 is electrically connected via a connecting line 15 shown in FIG. 3 to the sound generating unit 11 comprising the flat coil.
  • the acoustic shock wave source circuit according to the invention shown in FIG. 4 has DC power sources DC0, DC1 and DC2, a switching means S, capacitors C0, C1 and C2, and the flat coil 23 of the electromagnetic sound generating unit 11 of the therapy head 10.
  • a diode D1 and the capacitor C2 With the capacitor C1 is in the case of the present embodiment, a diode D1 and the capacitor C2, a diode D2 is connected in series.
  • the series circuits of capacitor C1 / diode D1 and capacitor C2 / diode D2 are also connected in parallel with the capacitor C0.
  • the switching means S is opened.
  • the capacitor C0 is therefore charged with the DC voltage U 0 of the DC voltage source DC0 and the polarity shown in FIG.
  • the capacitor C1 is charged with the DC voltage U 1 of the DC voltage source DC1 and the polarity shown in FIG.
  • the voltage U 1 of the DC voltage source DC1 is smaller than the voltage U 0 of the DC voltage source DC0 in the case of the present embodiment.
  • the diode D1 is switched so that it blocks as long as the capacitor C0 is charged with a larger voltage u 0 (t) than the capacitor C1.
  • the diode D1 thus prevents a compensation process between the charged with the voltages U 0 and U 1 capacitors C0 and C1, which is why the capacitor C0 is charged at the end of the charging with the higher voltage U 0 than the capacitor C1, which at the end of the charging charged with the voltage U 1 .
  • the capacitor C2 becomes the Further charged with the DC voltage U 2 of the DC voltage source DC2 and the polarity shown in Figure 4.
  • the DC voltage U 2 is smaller than the DC voltage U 1 in the case of the present embodiment.
  • the diode D2 is also connected to turn off as long as the voltage u 2 (t) of the capacitor C2 is lower than the voltage u 0 (t) of the capacitor C0. Thus, it is possible to charge the capacitors C0 to C2 with different voltages.
  • the switching means S is closed.
  • the capacitor C0 begins to discharge via the coil 23, whereby the voltage u 0 (t) of the capacitor C0 decreases and a current i '(t) flows through the flat coil 23.
  • the voltage applied to the flat coil 23 is denoted by u '(t).
  • the diode D1 becomes conductive and the current i '(t) through the flat coil 23 is fed by both capacitors C0 and C1.
  • FIG. 5 shows, as an example, curves of currents i '(t) through the flat coil 23 during discharging, when the circuit shown in FIG. 4 only shows the capacitors C0 and C1 includes.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a circuit according to the invention.
  • the circuit shown in FIG. 6 comprises, in the case of the present exemplary embodiment, capacitors C0 'to C2', switching means S ', S1 and S2, diodes D1' and D2 ', a DC voltage source DC0' and the flat coil 23.
  • the diode D1 'and the capacitor C1' and the diode D2 'and the capacitor C2' are connected in series.
  • the series circuits of capacitor C1 '/ diode D1' and capacitor C2 '/ diode D2' are connected in parallel with the capacitor C0 '.
  • the diodes D1 'and D2' are poled in such a way that they block as long as the capacitor C0 'is charged with a voltage u 0 ' (t) according to the polarity shown in FIG. 6 which is greater than the voltage u 1 '(t ) of the capacitor C1 'and the voltage u 2 ' (t) of the capacitor C2 'according to the marked polarity.
  • the switching means S ' is opened.
  • the scarfs S1 and S2 are closed. Since the capacitors C1 'and C2' are to be charged with charging voltages U 1 'and U 2 ' which are smaller than the voltage U 0 'of the DC voltage source DC0', the switches S1 and S2 are then opened when the capacitors C1 'and C2 'are charged with the desired voltages U 1 ' and U 2 '.
  • the switching means S1 and S2 are opened, the capacitor C0 'with the voltage U 0 ' of the DC voltage source DC0 'and the capacitors C1' and C2 'with the voltages U 1 ' and U 2 'loaded.
  • the voltage U 2 'of the charged capacitor C2 is smaller than the voltage U 1 ' of the charged capacitor C1.
  • the switching means S ' is closed and the capacitor C0' begins to discharge via the flat coil 23, whereby a current i '(t) flows through the flat coil 23.
  • the diodes D1 'and D2' lock.
  • the diode D1 'becomes conductive and the current i' (t) through the flat coil 23 is discharged from the capacitors C0 '. and C1 'fed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further circuit according to the invention which has an additional diode D3 in comparison to the circuit shown in FIG.
  • the diode D3 is connected in parallel and in the reverse direction to the charging voltage U 0 of the capacitor C0.
  • FIG. 8 shows yet another circuit according to the invention, which has an additional diode D3 'in comparison to the circuit shown in FIG.
  • the diode D3 ' is connected in parallel and in the reverse direction to the charging voltage U' 0 of the capacitor C0 '.
  • the switching means S, S ', S1 and S2 may be a series connection of thyristors known per se, e.g. from the company BEHLKE ELECTRONIC GmbH, Am Auerberg 4, 61476 Kronberg in their catalog “Fast High Voltage Solid-State Switches" from June 2001 are offered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Circuit pour une source électromagnétique (10) pour la production d'ondes acoustiques, qui comprend une bobine (23) de la source électromagnétique (10) et au moins un premier condensateur (C0) qui est branché en parallèle avec au moins un montage en série composé d'un deuxième condensateur (C1) et d'une première soupape (D1),
    caractérisé par le fait que la première soupape (D1) est branchée de telle sorte qu'elle est bloquante après le chargement des deux condensateurs (C0, C1) pendant le déchargement du premier condensateur (C0) tant que le premier condensateur (C0) est chargé avec une plus grande tension (u0 (t)) que le deuxième condensateur (C1) et qu'elle est conductrice dès que la tension de charge (u0 (t)) du premier condensateur (C0) se déchargeant d'abord atteint au moins sensiblement la tension de charge (u1 (t)) du deuxième condensateur (C1), ce qui fait que le deuxième condensateur (C1) commence à se décharger et que les deux condensateurs (C0, C1) se déchargeant alimentent la bobine (23) de la source électromagnétique (10) avec un courant (i' (t)).
  2. Circuit selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que la première soupape est une première diode (D1, D2, D1', D2') ou un premier module de diodes.
  3. Circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé par le fait que, avant le déchargement du premier condensateur (C0, C0') et du deuxième condensateur (C1, C2, C1', C2'), le premier condensateur (C0, C0') peut être chargé avec une plus grande tension de charge (U0, U0') que le deuxième condensateur (C1, C2, C1', C2').
  4. Circuit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé par le fait que, avant le déchargement, le premier condensateur (C0) peut être chargé avec une première source de tension continue (DC0) et le deuxième condensateur (C1, C2) avec une deuxième source de tension continue (DC1, DC2).
  5. Circuit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé par le fait que le premier condensateur (C0') et le deuxième condensateur (C1', C2') peuvent être chargés avec exactement une source de tension continue (DC) et que la source de tension continue (DC) peut être coupée du deuxième condensateur à l'aide d'un moyen de commutation (S1, S2) dès que le deuxième condensateur a atteint sa tension de charge.
  6. Circuit selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé par le fait que le moyen de commutation (S1, S2) comprend au moins un élément semi-conducteur.
  7. Circuit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé par le fait qu'une deuxième soupape (D3, D3') est branchée en parallèle avec le montage en parallèle composé du deuxième condensateur (C1, C2, C1', C2') / première soupape (D1, D2, D1', D2') et du premier condensateur (C0, C0').
  8. Circuit selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé par le fait que la deuxième soupape est une deuxième diode (D3, D3') ou un deuxième module de diodes.
  9. Source électromagnétique (10) avec un circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  10. Lithotripteur avec une source électromagnétique (10) selon la revendication 9.
EP03740093A 2002-06-28 2003-06-16 Circuit con u pour une source electromagnetique destinee a produire des ondes acoustiques Expired - Lifetime EP1517757B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10229112A DE10229112B4 (de) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Schaltkreis für eine elektromagnetische Quelle zur Erzeugung akustischer Wellen
DE10229112 2002-06-28
PCT/DE2003/002017 WO2004002635A1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-16 Circuit conçu pour une source electromagnetique destinee a produire des ondes acoustiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1517757A1 EP1517757A1 (fr) 2005-03-30
EP1517757B1 true EP1517757B1 (fr) 2007-01-17

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Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7821871B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1517757B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100448554C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003280438A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10229112B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004002635A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
WO2004002635A1 (fr) 2004-01-08
US7821871B2 (en) 2010-10-26
DE10229112A1 (de) 2004-01-29
DE50306318D1 (de) 2007-03-08
AU2003280438A1 (en) 2004-01-19
EP1517757A1 (fr) 2005-03-30
CN1665607A (zh) 2005-09-07
US20060152301A1 (en) 2006-07-13
CN100448554C (zh) 2009-01-07
DE10229112B4 (de) 2004-07-15

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