EP1503007B1 - Verfahren zur bewehrung einer baustruktur und verankerungsvorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren zur bewehrung einer baustruktur und verankerungsvorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1503007B1
EP1503007B1 EP04291892.0A EP04291892A EP1503007B1 EP 1503007 B1 EP1503007 B1 EP 1503007B1 EP 04291892 A EP04291892 A EP 04291892A EP 1503007 B1 EP1503007 B1 EP 1503007B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchoring device
anchoring
building element
fastening
prestressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04291892.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1503007A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-François Nieto
Christian Tourneur
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP1503007A1 publication Critical patent/EP1503007A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E04C5/122—Anchoring devices the tensile members are anchored by wedge-action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the reinforcement of engineering structures. It relates more particularly to the reinforcement of engineering structures using the additional prestressing technique.
  • Additional prestressing is a known technique for reinforcing or repairing concrete or masonry structures, which has been the subject of standard NF P 95-104 (" Repair and reinforcement of concrete and masonry structures ", published in December 1992 by the French standardization association (afnor) ).
  • the reinforcements transmit the forces to the structure by means of anchors supported by pieces of hooped concrete or metal, called bosses, arranged in projection on elements of the structure, such as existing spacers, beams or walls.
  • these anchors are generally grafted by nailing using prestressing bars.
  • bosses are bulky pieces, which can either be cast in place or prefabricated. In both cases, however, the installation of the bosses proves to be difficult, in particular because of the difficulty of accessing the elements of the structure on which the bosses must rest. Openings or windows must sometimes be made in the structure to allow the installation of bosses.
  • the metal bosses are produced in the workshop to be adapted to each structure, which gives them a higher manufacturing quality than concrete bosses.
  • this bearing surface must be striated by machining or by welding of steel wires, which generates a high implementation cost.
  • the reinforcements pass through the bosses in which they are anchored.
  • Such anchoring is always carried out in the boss, on the side opposite to the current part of the reinforcements. It thus puts the boss in compression when the reinforcements are tensioned.
  • the figure 1 gives an example of such an anchor.
  • a boss 1 rests on a spacer 3 of the structure to be reinforced.
  • a prestressing reinforcement 2 crosses the boss 1 to be anchored there at its end opposite to the current part of the reinforcement 2.
  • the bosses provided for by the standard are also positioned at the ends of the structure to be reinforced so as to apply the additional preload over the greatest possible length. They are therefore often close to obstacles, such as walls, posts or spacers of the structure. This arrangement makes it difficult to install a cylinder for tensioning the armatures.
  • the boss can be placed near the obstacle, provided however to make an opening in this obstacle to allow the establishment of the jack.
  • the application of the resulting prestress is better than in the previous case, but this solution means that concrete destruction or coring work must be carried out.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the current techniques mentioned above, by authorizing the application of prestressing on a good part of the structure element to be reinforced, while avoiding the implementation of destruction of part of the structure with a view to strengthening it.
  • Another object of the invention is to have an anchoring well suited to the structure to be reinforced, without requiring additional adaptation operations such as machining a bearing surface of the anchoring block on an element of the structure to be reinforced.
  • the invention thus provides an anchoring piece for anchoring, on a building element to be reinforced or repaired by additional prestressing, at least one prestressing reinforcement capable of being tensioned, the anchoring piece being in one piece and comprising fixing means on said construction element and means for anchoring the reinforcement adjacent to a first side of the part directed towards a running part of the reinforcement, such that the fixing means are adjacent to a second side of the piece located opposite the first side, the anchoring means comprising an orifice making it possible to receive at least one strand of said at least one prestressing reinforcement located in said first side, and a housing for receiving the end of the strand of so that, when the strand is tensioned, the strand exerts a tensile force on said first side while the fixing means retain the second side on the element to be reinforced cer, the housing being open on one face of the anchoring part separate from said first side.
  • this anchoring piece makes it possible to provide the desired compressive stress over the entire area considered.
  • the compressive stress is applied to the structure up to the fixing means, that is to say almost to the second side. This side can be placed very close to an obstacle which would hinder the implementation of conventional anchors.
  • the figure 2 shows an anchor 6 according to the invention. This part is suitable for anchoring a frame or a set of frames to reinforce a building element by additional prestressing.
  • the reinforcements used to carry out the prestressing are metallic. It may especially be strands 5 capable of being tensioned and forming a cable in their main part, that is to say between the anchoring zones.
  • the strands are generally protected from corrosion in their main part, for example by means of a sheath 4 of high density polyethylene (HDPE) surrounding the strands and injected with a cement grout or with a non-sticky flexible product, such as grease or wax.
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • the anchoring part 6 is monobloc and compact. It is advantageously made of cast iron. At one of its ends (right on the figure 2 ), it comprises an orifice making it possible to receive at least one strand 5 of the cable, the sheath of which stops at the entrance to the anchoring part.
  • a housing 8 is provided in the part 6 to receive the end of the strand 5. It is open on one face of the anchoring part 6, so that the end of the strand 5 anchored is accessible from outside the room 6.
  • the figure 3 more specifically shows an example of anchoring produced in part 6.
  • the strand 5 enters the anchoring part 6.
  • the end of the anchoring part receiving the strand has an orifice capable of receiving an anchoring jaw.
  • the orifice can for example be frustoconical, in which case the jaw 10 gets stuck in the orifice by conical wedging.
  • the part 6 made of cast iron can be molded to present orifices allowing sealing of the connections of the sheath 4 of the prestressing cable with the part 6.
  • a connection tube 9 as well as seals sealing can then be placed in these holes at the entrance of the part 6 to ensure such sealing.
  • the anchoring piece 6 also has means for fixing to the building element to be reinforced or repaired, which may for example be a floor of an industrial building.
  • the figure 4 shows an example of fixing the anchoring part 6 on a floor 12.
  • the fixing of the part 6 can for example be carried out by nailing one or more prestressing bars 14 on the floor 12.
  • orifices 7 can be provided in part 6 to allow the introduction of the prestressing bars.
  • the anchoring part 6 is produced so as to be able to be fixed to the element to be reinforced, in its part opposite to the anchoring of the strand 5, that is to say in the part of the part 6 furthest from the current part of the prestressing cable.
  • the orifices 7 suitable for receiving the prestressing bars 14 are located in the left part of the part 6.
  • the anchoring part 6, as shown in the figure 4 is put in tension when the strand 5 is tensioned. Indeed, the strand 5 exerts a tensile force on the right part of the part 6 in the direction of the current part of the cable, while the part 6 is retained on the floor 12 thanks to the nailing carried out in its left part.
  • This type of anchoring differs therefore conventional bosses 1 as shown on the figure 1 , which are compressed against a structural element by the effect of the force exerted by the tensioned prestressing cable 2.
  • the assembly thus formed therefore makes it possible to transmit to the structure to be reinforced, the result of the nailing and tensioning forces.
  • the anchoring part 6, fixed to the concrete floor 12 has a bearing surface with the construction element, comprising molded ridges.
  • Such molding of the cast iron makes it possible to obtain effective attachment of the part 6 to the concrete, without having to carry out additional costly operations, for example machining of the part 6.
  • the arrangement provided by the invention is particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to tension the strand 5, without having to move aside the anchoring of the wall or of the obstacle 13 which faces away from the anchoring part 6.
  • the end of the strand 5 is accessible at the level of the housing 8 of the part 6, which is located at a distance from the part attachment zone (illustrated by the orifices 7).
  • a tensioning cylinder, equipped with a curved nose can easily be installed in the space available under the part 6. This thus avoids the need for destruction or coring work of the wall 13, in order to be able to tension the strand. 5, unlike what happens with the usual bosses.
  • a cover or a protective sheath 11 can be installed to protect the end of the strand 5 from its exit from the housing 8, as illustrated in the figure 4 .
  • the prestressing bars "nailing" the anchoring parts to the structure may not be enough to fully anchor the cable stress on the structure by friction, because the coefficient of friction notched cast iron on concrete (of the order of 0.6) imposes a very high nailing force.
  • the direct support is for example obtained using a recess 17 provided in the form of a hole not opening on the face of the anchoring piece which is intended to be applied against the structure ( figure 2 ).
  • an abutment stud of shape complementary to that of the recess 17 is fixed on the structure.
  • any play at the stud should be avoided, this which is obtained by injecting the recess 17 with a sealing product when the anchoring part 6 is put in place.
  • This sealing product is for example a pasty resin or a mortar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) zum Verankern mindestens einer spannbaren Vorspannungsbewehrung an einem durch zusätzliche Vorspannung zu verstärkenden oder zu reparierenden Bauelement (12), wobei die Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) einstückig ist und Befestigungseinrichtungen für ihre Befestigung an dem Bauelement und Verankerungseinrichtungen zum Verankern der Bewehrung aufweist, wobei die Verankerungseinrichtungen angrenzend an eine zu einem laufenden Teil der Bewehrung hin gerichtete erste Seite der Vorrichtung sind und die Befestigungseinrichtungen angrenzend an eine der ersten Seite gegenüberliegende zweite Seite der Vorrichtung sind, wobei die Verankerungseinrichtungen eine in der ersten Seite gelegene Öffnung aufweisen, die erlaubt, mindestens eine Litze (5) der mindestens einen Vorspannungsbewehrung zu empfangen, sowie eine Kammer (8) aufweisen, um das Ende der Litze (5) derart aufzunehmen, dass, wenn die Litze (6) gespannt ist, die Litze (5) eine Zugkraft auf die erste Seite ausübt, während die Befestigungseinrichtungen die zweite Seite an dem zu verstärkenden Element (12) festhalten, wobei die Kammer (8) an einer Fläche der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6), die nicht die erste Seite ist, offen ist.
  2. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus Gusseisen ist.
  3. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, in welcher die Befestigungseinrichtungen aufweisen: Einrichtungen zum Festnageln an dem Bauelement unter Verwendung mindestens eines Vorspannungsstabs (14).
  4. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in welcher die für das Befestigen an dem Bauelement vorgesehenen Befestigungseinrichtungen in mindestens einer Öffnung (7) der Verankerungsvorrichtung eingesetzt sind.
  5. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, aufweisend eine an das Bauelement (12) anzulegende Anlagefläche, wobei die Anlagefläche geformte Riefen aufweist.
  6. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in welcher die Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels der Befestigungseinrichtungen derart an dem Bauelement (12) befestigt ist, dass sie im Wesentlichen in der Nähe eines einem laufenden Teil der Bewehrung gegenüberliegenden Hindernisses des Bauelements angeordnet ist.
  7. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in welcher die Verankerungsvorrichtung die mindestens eine an die erste Seite angrenzende Öffnung aufweist, die eine dichte Verbindung mit einer ein Vorspannungskabel der Bewehrung umgebenden Hülle (4) sicherstellt.
  8. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, ferner aufweisend Einrichtungen (17) zur direkten Anlage an ein an dem Bauelement befestigtes Anschlagelement.
  9. Verfahren zum Verstärken oder zum Reparieren einer Baustruktur durch zusätzliche Vorspannung, aufweisend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Befestigen mindestens einer Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche an einem Bauelement (12) der Baustruktur;
    - Setzen der Vorspannungsbewehrung unter Spannung; und
    - Verankern der Vorspannungsbewehrung in dem Abschnitt der Verankerungsvorrichtung, derart, dass, wenn die Litze (5) gespannt ist, die Litze (5) eine Zugspannung auf die erste Seite ausübt, während die Befestigungseinrichtungen die zweite Seite an dem zu verstärkenden Element (12) festhalten.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, in welchem das Befestigen der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) an dem Bauelement (12) ein Festnageln unter Verwendung mindestens eines Vorspannungsstabs (14) aufweist.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 10, in welchem das Befestigen der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) an dem Bauelement (12) ein Einsetzen von Befestigungseinrichtungen in mindestens eine Öffnung (7) der Verankerungsvorrichtung aufweist.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, in welchem das Befestigen der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) an dem Bauelement (12) das Anlegen einer mit geformten Riefen versehenen Anlagefläche der Verankerungsvorrichtung an dem Bauelement aufweist.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, in welchem das Bauelement (12) ein einem laufenden Teil der Bewehrung gegenüberliegendes Hindernis (13) aufweist, und in welchem das Befestigen der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) an dem Bauelement derart erfolgt, dass die Verankerungsvorrichtung im Wesentlichen in der Nähe des Hindernisses angeordnet ist.
  14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, in welchem die Verankerung der Bewehrung ein Einführen des Endes der Bewehrung in die Öffnung des Abschnitts der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) aufweist, die fähig ist, eine solche Verankerung durchzuführen, dass eine dichte Verbindung zwischen der Verankerungsvorrichtung und der Hülle (4) des Kabels gewährleistet ist.
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, in welchem ferner an dem Bauelement ein Anschlagelement befestigt wird, um mit an der Verankerungsvorrichtung (6) vorgesehenen Anlageeinrichtungen (17) zusammenzuwirken, und in welchem in dem Augenblick, wo die Verankerungsvorrichtung an dem Bauelement (12) positioniert wird, ein Versiegelungsprodukt zwischen dem Anschlagelement und den Anlageeinrichtungen injiziert wird.
EP04291892.0A 2003-07-28 2004-07-23 Verfahren zur bewehrung einer baustruktur und verankerungsvorrichtung dafür Active EP1503007B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0309225 2003-07-28
FR0309225A FR2858345B1 (fr) 2003-07-28 2003-07-28 Procede de renforcement d'un ouvrage d'art et piece d'ancrage associee

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EP1503007A1 EP1503007A1 (de) 2005-02-02
EP1503007B1 true EP1503007B1 (de) 2020-01-15

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US (2) US8104246B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1503007B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4563747B2 (de)
ES (1) ES2782349T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2858345B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1503007A1 (de) 2005-02-02
FR2858345A1 (fr) 2005-02-04
US8333047B2 (en) 2012-12-18
ES2782349T3 (es) 2020-09-14
FR2858345B1 (fr) 2007-04-20
JP4563747B2 (ja) 2010-10-13
US20120011788A1 (en) 2012-01-19
US20050028477A1 (en) 2005-02-10
JP2005048586A (ja) 2005-02-24
US8104246B2 (en) 2012-01-31

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