EP1494062A2 - Optisches strahlvereinigendes intern total reflektieriendes (TIR) Prisma und Lichtkondensor-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit solchem Prisma - Google Patents

Optisches strahlvereinigendes intern total reflektieriendes (TIR) Prisma und Lichtkondensor-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit solchem Prisma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1494062A2
EP1494062A2 EP04015620A EP04015620A EP1494062A2 EP 1494062 A2 EP1494062 A2 EP 1494062A2 EP 04015620 A EP04015620 A EP 04015620A EP 04015620 A EP04015620 A EP 04015620A EP 1494062 A2 EP1494062 A2 EP 1494062A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
rays
incidence plane
incidence
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04015620A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1494062A3 (de
Inventor
Shinichi Intellectual Property Department Imade
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Olympus Corp filed Critical Olympus Corp
Publication of EP1494062A2 publication Critical patent/EP1494062A2/de
Publication of EP1494062A3 publication Critical patent/EP1494062A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • G02B27/102—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for generating a colour image from monochromatic image signal sources
    • G02B27/1046—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for generating a colour image from monochromatic image signal sources for use with transmissive spatial light modulators
    • G02B27/1053—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for generating a colour image from monochromatic image signal sources for use with transmissive spatial light modulators having a single light modulator for all colour channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
    • G02B27/126—The splitting element being a prism or prismatic array, including systems based on total internal reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/145—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only having sequential partially reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical device in which the light-condensing performance thereof is high and which is high-intensity and compact, and to an illumination apparatus and a color illumination apparatus using such an optical device.
  • a light-condensing illumination apparatus efficiently illuminating a specific place, for example, a vehicle headlamp, a floodlight, a spotlight, a flashlight, an illumination unit for a data projector, and the like have been known.
  • the light-condensing illumination apparatus generally, an attempt is made to effectively carry out condensing illumination by a relatively simple method in which a light-emitting source which is relatively more similar to a point light source is reflected by a reflecting unit in which the reflecting shape thereof is contrived, and the directivity of luminous flux of the reflected light is improved by an optical lens or the like.
  • the size of the illumination apparatus must be necessarily larger with respect to the light-emitting source.
  • the entire illumination apparatus can be made compact.
  • a light emitting diode (hereinafter, referred to as LED) has been recently markedly focused on.
  • the LED has merits such as a compactness, high resistance, a long life, or the like, the major applications are for using as a indicator illumination for various meters and a confirming lamp in a control state due to the limitations of the light-emitting efficiency and the light-emitting output.
  • the light-emitting efficiency has been being rapidly improved, and it has been said that the light-emitting efficiency of the LED exceeds the light-emitting efficiency of an electric-discharging type high-pressure mercury lamp and a fluorescent lamp which have been conventionally considered as the highest efficiency, is only a question of time.
  • a high power light-emitting source by the LED has been rapidly close to be realized.
  • the application of the LED has been accelerated by the fact that the stage of practical use for the blue LED in addition to the conventional red and green LEDs is recently achieved.
  • the high-efficiency and high-intensity LED is applied.
  • the LED originally has characteristics superior than the other light-emitting sources in the points of a life, durability, a lighting speed, simplicity of a lighting driving circuit.
  • the applicable range as a full color image display apparatus is enlarged due to three primary colors being completed as a light-emitting source emitting light by itself due to blue color being added.
  • a projector display apparatus image projection apparatus
  • a display image is formed from image data, and the display image is projected.
  • a conventional image projector apparatus desired primary colors are separated from a white system light-emitting source by a color filter or the like, and space light modulation is applied to image data corresponding to each color, and color image display has been able to be realized due to the image data being three-dimensionally and temporally synthesized.
  • the white system light-emitting source because only one desired color is separated and used, there are a large number of cases in which colors other than the separated color are wastefully thrown away.
  • the LED emits the desired light itself, it is possible to emit a required quantity of light as needed, and it is possible to efficiently utilize the light of the light-emitting source without light being wasted as compared with the case of the conventional white system light-emitting source.
  • an optical modulating element such as a liquid crystal device which is generally and broadly used, because an incident angle allowed as illumination light is extremely small, it is considered as an ideal, not only to have mere light-condensing performance, but also to form a luminous flux having a higher parallelism and irradiate the luminous flux. This is markedly important point from the standpoint in which efficiency for light utilization in an optical modulating element is improved.
  • the LED must be handled as, not a point light source, but a diffused light source of a surface light-emitting. Accordingly, when an attempt is made to use the LED as a light-emitting source as described above, it is theoretically extremely difficult to efficiently and easily condense the emitting light by using an optical element such as a lens or the like, and to obtain the luminous flux whose parallelism was improved, as in the case of the point light source. Moreover, it is necessary to structure a large number of LEDs by necessity in order to insure a certain quantity of light.
  • the LED in addition to a compact light source and a variety of superiority which the LED originally has, the LED has a favorable factor in which the LED has been developed for high-intensity and high-efficiency.
  • the primary problem that it is extremely difficult to apply the LED with respect to an apparatus requiring highly effective illumination, in which the light-condensing performance and parallelism thereof are improved, to a predetermined portion.
  • the present invention has been achieved in consideration of the points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical device which solves the primary problem, which has been considered as being difficult when an illuminant such as an LED is used, that the light-condensing performance and the parallelism are superior and markedly bright illumination light is obtained, and which can obtain stable illumination light in which variations in quantity of light are little because variations in quantity of light can be suppressed within a predetermined range, i.e., in which the illumination whose quantity of light is stable, which cannot be achieved by a method in which an attempt is made to obtain a large quantity of light by simultaneous lightings due to a large number of illuminants such as LEDs being merely arranged, can be effectively achieved, and to provide an illumination apparatus and a color illumination apparatus using such an optical device.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination apparatus and a color illumination apparatus capable of effectively obtaining a large quantity of emitted light having a large NA of a diffusing surface emission, converting the obtained light into illuminative light having a small NA to synthesize the light without enlarging the NA of the illuminative light, and reducing an emission area of the illuminative light.
  • an optical device comprising:
  • an illumination apparatus comprising:
  • a color illumination apparatus comprising:
  • an illumination apparatus comprising:
  • an optical device comprising:
  • an illumination apparatus comprising:
  • a color illumination apparatus comprising:
  • an illumination apparatus comprising:
  • an optical device includes a prism 10 including: a first incidence plane 12 on which rays coming from a first direction strike; a second incidence plane 14 on which rays coming from a second direction, different from the first direction, strike; and an emission plane 16 for emitting rays incident upon the first and second incidence planes 12, 14 in a predetermined direction which is different from the first and second directions.
  • the optical device includes: a hollow light pipe 18 including a reflective surface on its inner surface, which is a light guiding member for guiding the rays coming from the first direction onto the first incidence plane 12; and a solid rod 20 which is a light guiding member for guiding the rays coming from the second direction onto the second incidence plane 14.
  • emission ports of the light pipe 18 and rod 20 are aligned/arranged with respect to the first or second incidence plane with a small interval from the prism 10 by a holding member (not shown).
  • the emission plane 16 of the prism 10 is connected to a solid rod 22.
  • LED packages 24 are disposed as light sources on the side of incidence ports of the light pipe 18 and rod 20, in which LED light-emitting chips 26 including light emitting surfaces for emitting diffused light are sealed
  • “dense” and “coarse” indicate refractive indexes. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, gaps between the prism 10, and the inner surface of the hollow light pipe 18 and the rod 20 outside the first and second incidence planes 12, 14 are air layers. The layers have a low refractive index as compared with that of mediums configuring the prism 10 and rods 20, 22. It is to be noted that the refractive index of the prism 10 is lower than that of the rod 20 or 22, but a difference between them is small. That is, assuming that the refractive index of the air layer is n0, that of the rod 20 or 22 is n1, and that of the prism 10 is n2, the following relation is achieved: n0 ⁇ n1 ⁇ n2. Therefore, in FIG. 1, the prism 10 and rods 20, 22 are represented as "dense".
  • the incident angle ⁇ exceeds a critical angle, total reflection conditions are satisfied, and the rays are reflected by the first incidence plane 12, and emitted into the rod 22 from the emission plane 16. That is, the ray incident upon the second incidence plane 14 at an angle 02 in FIG. 3 is refracted by the first incidence plane 12 to satisfy the total reflection conditions, reflected by the first incidence plane 12, and emitted from the emission plane 16.
  • the ray incident upon the first incidence plane 12 is reflected by the second incidence plane 14, or the ray incident upon the second incidence plane 14 is reflected by the first incidence plane 12.
  • the rays reflected by the first and second incidence planes are mixed, and emitted toward the rod 22 in the predetermined direction which is different from the first and second directions from the emission plane 16. Therefore, since the rays incident upon two directions can be mixed and emitted, a large quantity of light can be obtained.
  • a hollow light pipe 28 including the reflective surface on its inner surface may also be used instead of the solid rod 20. Even when the light pipe 28 is used in this manner, an effect is obtained in the same manner as described above.
  • the solid rod 20 or the hollow light pipe 28 which is the light guiding member for guiding the ray coming from the second direction onto the second incidence plane 14 may be configured in a tapered shape having an area of an emission end surface which is larger than that of an incidence end surface.
  • the diffused light from the LED chip 26 may also be converted with a small NA. With the tapered shape, the diffused light from the LED chip 26 is converted to a substantially parallel light so that the light can enter the second incidence plane 14 of the prism 10. Therefore, the light emitted from the solid rod 20 or the hollow light pipe 28 can be brought into an range of the incident angle ⁇ 2 capable of guiding the light in accordance with the above-described total reflection conditions, and the quantity of light can further be increased.
  • a tapered light pipe 30 functioning as a luminous flux splitting member for splitting the ray into two luminous fluxes is disposed, for example, between the light pipe 28 and the prism 10.
  • another prism 32 is disposed in a region of the emission plane of the light pipe 30, which is not covered with the second incidence plane 14 of the prism 10.
  • a light pipe 34 is disposed between the emission plane of the prism 32 and the first incidence plane 12 of the prism 10.
  • the reflective surface of the prism 32 is coated with a mirror coat 36, and all the incident rays are reflected to enter the first incidence plane 12 of the prism 10 via the light pipe 34.
  • the standard LED package 24 is usable. Furthermore, one light source is usable for emitting the light which should enter the first and second incidence planes 12, 14 of the prism 10.
  • the quantity of light itself decreases as compared with the use of two light sources.
  • parallelism is further enhanced, while the light can enter the prism 10. Therefore, since the rays totally reflected in the prism 10 increase, a drop in the quantity of light by the use of one light source is small.
  • the light pipe 28 may also be used instead of the rod 20 as shown in FIG. 8, or the rod 20 or the light pipe 28 may also be configured in a tapered shape as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the present embodiment relates to an illumination apparatus using the optical device described in the first and second embodiments.
  • LED chips 26 are mounted on inner peripheries of substrates (not shown) of three stages formed in an annular form (donut type).
  • some of the LED chips 26 have emission colors of red (R), green (G), blue (B).
  • two LED chips (R) 26R, two LED chips (B) 26B, and four LED chips (G) 26G form one set, and two sets are disposed on the inner periphery of the annular light-emitting substrate in each of three stages.
  • the LED chips 26 having the same emission color are disposed in positions facing each other.
  • the chips are also configured to have the same emission color in the same position of the adjoining stages.
  • light-emitting surfaces of the LED chips 26 in the same position of the adjoining stages are disposed to have a mutually parallel positional relation.
  • the integral movable part 38 is stored inside the ring.
  • the integral movable part 38 is configured of two optical devices each including the prism 10, light pipe 18, and parallel rods 20 described with reference to FIG. 1 with respect to the LED chip 26 of the first stage in such a manner that the emission planes 16 of the prisms 10 are connected to one tapered rod 40.
  • the rays of the LED chips 26 having the same color in the positions of the ring inner surface facing each other enter the second incidence planes 14 of the prisms 10.
  • the integral movable part 38 is similarly configured of optical members each including the prism 10, rod 20, and light pipe 18 on the side of the incidence end surfaces of the light pipes 18.
  • the optical members each including the prism 10 and rod 20 are disposed on the side of the incidence end surfaces of the light pipes 18 in the second stage. Since the second and third stages are configured in this manner, the light from the LED chips 26 of the second and third stages can be mixed and used as a second light source.
  • the integral movable part 38 attached to a rotatable holding tool (not shown) is rotated in an arrow direction by a rotary motor (not shown).
  • the LED chips 26 which are a plurality of light sources arranged on the inner periphery of the substrate formed in the annular shape are successively lit with the rotation of the integral movable part 38. That is, the plurality of LED chips 26 are successively switched to emit pulse light, and a relative positional relation with respect to the incidence end surface of the integral movable part 38 into which the radiated light is taken is selected and changed with the switching of the emission of the LED chips 26.
  • the colors of the emitted light are switched in order of red (R), blue (B), green (G), red (R), blue (B), and green (G), and three colors of LEDs having effectively high luminance are obtained. That is, a large quantity of light of three colors whose parallelism has been enhanced is obtained from the emission end surface of the tapered rod 40 which is the emission end surface of the integral movable part 38.
  • the incidence end surface of the tapered rod 40 is rectangular in accordance with the shape of the emission plane 16 of the prism 10, and the emission end surface is similarly rectangular.
  • the emission end surface may also have any shape other than the rectangular shape, such as an octagonal shape.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a modification of the illumination apparatus of FIG. 10.
  • the light sources are configured in two stages, and the arrangement of the LED package 24 is shifted from that in the adjacent stage by a half pitch. With the arrangement by the half pitch, when the lighting of the LED chips in one stage is switched during the successive lighting, the LED chip of the other stage is securely lit. Therefore, fluctuations of brightness can be suppressed as compared with simultaneous switching.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another modification of the illumination apparatus of FIG. 10.
  • the LED chips arranged in three stages the LED chips having the same emission color are arranged in each stage.
  • a mirror coat (film) or a dichroic mirror coat (film) is formed which has transmission or reflection properties determined by a wavelength band of the emission color of the LED chip. That is, in FIG. 12, the LED chips 26R having a red (R) emission color are disposed in a left stage, and a mirror coat 42 which reflects light in a wavelength band of the red (R) color is formed on the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10 as shown in parentheses.
  • the LED chips 26G having a green (G) emission color are disposed, and a dichroic mirror coat 44 which transmits the light of the wavelength band of the red (R) color and which reflects the light of the wavelength band of the green (G) color is formed on the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10.
  • the LED chips 26B having a blue (B) emission color are disposed, and a dichroic mirror coat 46 which transmits the light of the wavelength band of the red (R) and green (G) colors and which reflects the light of the wavelength band of the blue (B) color is formed on the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10.
  • the dichroic mirror plane is formed in this manner, and therefore, among the light incident upon the second incidence plane 14, the ray having an incident angle which does not satisfy the total reflection conditions can be reflected by the first incidence plane 12.
  • the prism 10 having a triangular sectional shape as shown in FIG. 12 may also be replaced with a cubic dichroic prism 48 as shown in FIG. 13.
  • the dichroic mirror coats (film) 44 and 46 having the transmission or reflection properties are formed on diagonal surfaces of the dichroic prism 48.
  • the wavelength band of the light transmitted or reflected by each of the dichroic mirror coats (film) 44 and 46 is determined by the wavelength band of the emission color of the corresponding LED chip.
  • the second incidence plane 14 is also coated with dichroic mirror coats 50 and 52.
  • the shown dichroic mirror coats 44, 46, 50, and 52 have wavelength selection properties as shown in parentheses.
  • the prism 10 on the left end of the figure is a triangular prism coated with the high-efficiency mirror coat 42, but the cubic dichroic prism may also be used.
  • the diagonal dichroic mirror coat may have properties for reflecting the light of the incident color (wavelength band) (properties that the light of the red (R) color is reflected in FIG. 13).
  • the dichroic prism 48 will be described with reference to FIG. 13, and a right lower figure of FIG. 13, which is an enlarged view showing the prism and its vicinity.
  • the dichroic mirror coat 50 of the second incidence plane 14 transmits blue (B), and reflects the light of the other colors.
  • the dichroic mirror coat 46 of the first incidence plane 12 transmit the light of red (R) and green incident upon the first incidence plane as such, and reflects the blue light incident upon the second incidence plane 14 to emit light in a predetermined direction as shown.
  • the red (R) and green (G) light which has entered the first incidence plane 12 and which strikes on the second incidence plane 14 is reflected to emit the light in the predetermined direction as shown.
  • the light having an incident angle which does not satisfy the total reflection conditions in the first incidence plane 12 can also be reflected, guided in the predetermined direction, and emitted.
  • the light having an incident angle which does not satisfy the total reflection conditions in the second incidence plane 14 can also be reflected, guided in the predetermined direction, and emitted.
  • both the first incidence plane 12 and the second incidence plane 14 may also be coated with the dichroic mirror coat having properties similar to those in FIG. 13. It is to be noted that in the configuration of the triangular prism of FIG. 12 or the cubic configuration of FIG. 13, the dichroic mirror coat having the properties described with reference to FIG. 13 may not be formed on the first and second incidence planes, and may also be formed on only the first incidence plane 12 or only the second incidence plane 14.
  • the light guiding member which connects the triangular prism 10 to two dichroic prisms 48 is not necessarily limited to the hollow light pipe 18, and solid glass or plastic rod may also be used.
  • the surfaces other than the first incidence plane 12, second incidence plane 14, and emission plane 16 may also be coated with a reflective coating having a high reflectance to prevent leakage light.
  • the application of the dichroic prism 48 or the dichroic mirror coat to the following embodiments of FIGS. 14 to 18 is considered. Since the dichroic mirror coat has dependence on the incident angle, it is also considered as effective that the light entering the dichroic prism 48 should have an optical configuration,having NA reduced to a certain degree as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing still another modification of the illumination apparatus of FIG. 10.
  • the inclined rod 20 described in the second embodiment is used.
  • FIG. 15 shows a modification of the configuration of FIG. 14. That is, in the configuration of FIG. 14, each LED package 24 is obliquely mounted on a substrate (not shown).
  • the light source is configured as a light-emitting unit 54 in which a light pipe 56 for guiding light toward the rod 20 from the LED chip 26 is assembled with the LED package 24.
  • the light-emitting surfaces of the LED chips 26 have a mutually parallel positional relation.
  • the arrangement of the light source shown in FIG. 16 is also possible.
  • the LED package 24 is disposed on a disc-shaped LED mounting substrate 58.
  • the LED packages 24 are arranged on two concentric circles.
  • Each LED package 24 is configured as the light-emitting unit 54 integrated with a tapered light pipe 60.
  • the integral movable part 38 is configured of the above-described prism 10, the light pipe 18, the prism 32 coated with the mirror coat 36, and a rotary light guiding unit 62.
  • the parallel rods connected to the emission plane 16 of the prism 10 are connected to a reflective prism to form one light guiding member, and the member forms a set together with another facing similar light guiding member. Emission ports of two light guiding members are combined, configured in substantially the same area as that of the incidence port of the single tapered rod, bonded, and integrated.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a modification of the illumination apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the tapered light pipe 30 functioning as a luminous flux splitting member for splitting the ray into two luminous fluxes as described with reference to FIG. 6 is used in the configuration of FIG. 17, and accordingly the light-emitting unit 54 is disposed only one circumference.
  • each section corresponding the apparatus needs to be miniaturized.
  • the NA of an illuminative light of the illumination apparatus is reduced/converted using the tapered rod 40, and it is accordingly possible to enhance a light use efficiency in the display panel.
  • the optical device of the present invention is configured on the emission end side of the tapered rod 40, not on the incidence end side, and accordingly the area of the emission end can be reduced without dropping the NA conversion efficiency of the tapered rod 40.
  • the prism 10 is disposed in such a manner that the ray emitted from the emission end of the tapered rod 40 enters the first incidence plane to cover about the half of the emission end of the tapered rod 40 and that the ray emitted from the other half of the emission end of the tapered rod 40 enters the second incidence plane while its light path is bent by a prism 64.
  • an air layer 66 is disposed between the emission plane of the prism 64 and the second incidence plane of the prism 10.
  • a reflective pipe 68 is disposed as a light guiding member which guides the ray emitted from the emission end of the tapered rod 40 onto the first incidence plane of the prism 10.
  • the reflective surface of the prism 64 may be coated with a mirror coat 70 as shown in FIG. 20 to securely reflect all the incident rays.
  • the incidence end side of the tapered rod 40 is configured in such a manner that the rays emitted from the integral movable part 38 enter the end. That is, in the integral movable part 38 in the present embodiment, the rod 20 which takes the diffused light from the LED chips 26 arranged in the ring form (donut type), and a prism 72 which directs the diffused light taken in this manner toward the incidence end of the tapered rod 40 form one set, and two sets are supported and configured by a rod supporting portion 74. The integral movable part 38 is rotated by a rotary motor 76.
  • the integral movable part 38 is configured separately from the tapered rod 40, the tapered rod 40 does not rotate as in the third embodiment, and therefore the position of the emission plane of the prism 10 is also fixed. Therefore, an illuminated position by the illuminative light is also unchanged.
  • the projection apparatus can easily be configured.
  • FIGS. 21 and 22 are ray tracing diagrams in the above-described configuration. As shown in these figures, the rays emitted independently of one another from a plurality of LED chips 26 are mixed in the integral movable part 38, the NA is reduced/converted by the tapered rod 40, and the rays are split into two luminous fluxes. Moreover, the ray of the second luminous flux emitted from a part of the emission end surface of the tapered rod 40 is reflected by the prism 64 to enter the second incidence plane of the prism 10, reflected by the first incidence plane of the prism 10, and emitted from the emission plane of the prism 10. The ray of the first luminous flux emitted from other parts of the tapered rod 40 enters the first incidence plane of the prism 10, is reflected by the second incidence plane of the prism 10, and is emitted from the emission plane of the prism 10.
  • the obtained light is converted to the illuminative light having a small NA, and synthesized without increasing the NA of the illuminative light, and an emission area of the illuminative light can be reduced. Therefore, a small display panel is usable, and the optical system of the projection apparatus can be miniaturized.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a modification of the illumination apparatus according to the present embodiment. That is, the tapered rod 40 is configured of two tapered rods 40A and 40B having the emission end surfaces corresponding to the prism 10 and the prism 64. In this configuration, since the air layer 66 exists between the tapered rods 40A and 40B, the rays incident upon the tapered rods 40A and 40B can be securely guided into the corresponding prisms 10 and 64. It is to be noted that the tapered rods 40A and 40B are preferably mirror-coated, so that the rays that do not satisfy the total reflection conditions can also be securely guided.
  • the emission end of the tapered rod 40 has a height of 2b+c.
  • an aspect ratio a:b of the emission plane of the prism 10 is preferably set to be equal to that of the display device which is a device to be illuminated from the standpoint of the light use efficiency. Therefore, the size of the emission end of the tapered rod 40 is preferably determined in order to obtain the aspect ratio a:b.
  • the sizes of the emission ends of the respective tapered rods 40A and 40B are similarly preferably determined.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram showing another modification. That is, when the liquid crystal device is used as the display device illuminated by the illumination apparatus, polarized light of the illuminative light needs to be aligned. On the other hand, illuminative light including P-polarized light and S-polarized light (shown as P+S in the drawing) is emitted from the illumination apparatus. Therefore, on the emission plane side of the prism 10, an optical system configured of a polarized beam splitter (PBS) 78, prisms 80, 82, and 84, a ⁇ /2 plate 86, and a reflective pipe 88 is disposed to align the polarized light.
  • PBS polarized beam splitter
  • the PBS 78 disposed on a plane before the emission plane of the prism 10 is configured to transmit the S-polarized light and to reflect the P-polarized light. Therefore, in the rays of P+S emitted from the emission plane of the prism 10, the S-polarized light is transmitted through the PBS 78, guided in the reflective pipe 88 to enter the first incidence plane of the prism 84, and emitted from the emission end. On the other hand, the P-polarized light is reflected by the PBS 78, and further reflected by the prism 80 to enter the ⁇ /2 plate 86. The P-polarized light is converted to the S-polarized light by the ⁇ /2 plate 86.
  • the S-polarized light is reflected by the prism 82 to enter the second incidence plane of the prism 84, reflected by the first incidence plane, and emitted from the emission plane.
  • the illuminative light converted to the S-polarized light is emitted from the emission plane of the prism 84.
  • the reflective coats may also be formed on the reflective surfaces of the prisms 80 and 82 in the same manner as in the prism 64.
  • FIG. 27 shows still another modification.
  • a configuration similar to that of the optical system configured of the prisms 10 and 64 and the reflective pipe 68 to convolute an emission end size of the illumination apparatus into about 1/2 opening size is disposed on the emission plane of the prism 10.
  • the emission end size of the illumination apparatus is convoluted further by about 1/2, that is, to the opening size which is about 1/4 of the size of the emission end of the tapered rod 40.
  • prisms 90 and 92, and a reflective pipe 94 are disposed on the emission plane of the prism 10.
  • the ray emitted from about the half of the emission plane of the prism 10 is guided by the reflective pipe 94 to enter the prism 90, and emitted from an emission plane 96.
  • the rays emitted from the other half of the emission plane of the prism 10 are reflected by the prism 92 to enter the prism 90, reflected by the prism 90, and emitted from the emission plane 96.
  • the area of the emission plane 96 can further be reduced.
  • the reflective coat may also be formed on the reflective surface of the prism 92 in the same manner as in the prism 64.
  • two prisms 10, the light pipe 18, and three tapered rods 20 form one set, two sets are used to constitute the integral movable part 38, and the tapered rod 40 is further formed on the emission side of the part.
  • each rod 20 is tapered, the emission end of the rod is directed toward the LED package 24 and disposed, and the diffused light from the LED chip 26 is enclosed from three directions and taken in.
  • the light use efficiency can be raised.
  • a structure configured of the tapered rod 40, prism 10, and rod 20 is used as the rotatable integral movable part 38.
  • the part does not have to be necessarily rotated as long as a desired quantity of light emitted from the tapered rod 40 can be obtained without rotating the part.
  • an example in which the part is not rotated will be described as a seventh embodiment.
  • FIGS. 29A and 29B are diagrams showing a configuration of the seventh embodiment. It is to be noted that to facilitate the understanding of the structure, some of wall surfaces of the light pipes are omitted in FIG. 29A. In FIG. 29B, to facilitate the understanding of the arranged structure of the prism, the LED package and the tapered rod are omitted, and edge lines of the light pipes are shown by broken lines. Further in FIG. 29B, hatching is used in order to easily distinguish four directions from one another (i.e., the hatching does not show any section).
  • one set is constitute of the LED package 24 integrally configured with an optical light-condensing element 98 which condenses the diffused light toward the emission end of the rod 20, the tapered rod 20, and the prism 10, four sets are arranged in each stage, and five stages are configured to allow the rays from the LED packages 24 to enter one tapered rod 40.
  • each of four LED packages 24 arranged in each stage is disposed in each of four directions. It is assumed that five LED packages in each direction (row) emit the light of the same color. That is, in FIG. 29A, five LED packages 24G (G11 to G15) of the green (G) emission color are arranged in an upper row.
  • each tapered rod 20 (tapered rod 20G-1), the diffused light of the green (G) color is applied into the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10 (prism 10G-1), and reflected by the second incidence plane to enter the tapered rod 40 or the second incidence plane of the prism 10G-1 of the previous stage.
  • five LED packages 24G (G21 to G25) of the green (G) emission color are similarly arranged.
  • the diffused light of the green (G) color is applied into the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10 (prism 10G-2), and reflected by the second incidence plane to enter the tapered rod 40 or the second incidence plane of the prism 10G-2 of the previous stage.
  • each tapered rod 20 tapered rod 20R
  • the diffused light of the red (R) color is applied into the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10 (prism 10R), and reflected by the second incidence plane to enter the tapered rod 40 or the second incidence plane of the prism 10R of the previous stage.
  • five LED packages 24B of the blue (B) color are arranged.
  • the diffused light of the blue (B) color is applied into the first incidence plane of the corresponding prism 10 (prism 10B), and reflected by the second incidence plane to enter the tapered rod 40 or the second incidence plane of the prism 10B of the previous stage. It is to be noted that the light is guided by the light pipe 18 between the prisms.
  • the LED packages 24G of the green (G) emission color are arranged in two rows to obtain more quantity of light. It is to be noted that in the present embodiment, the LED packages 24G of the green (G) emission color are arranged in the directions facing each other, but may also be arranged adjacent to one another.
  • Each LED package 24 is controlled to light by a light source control section 100 as shown in FIG. 30. That is, first the LED packages 24R of the red (R) emission color are pulse-lit by a driving current value which is larger than a rated current in order from R1 to R5. Next, the LED packages 24G of the green (G) emission color are similarly pulse-lit every two packages in order from G11 and G21 to G15 and G25. Moreover, the LED packages 24B of the blue (B) emission color are similarly pulse-lit in order from B1 to B5. This is regarded as one period, and is repeatedly performed. a length of one period may be set, for example, in accordance with one frame of a video signal displayed in the display device illuminated by the illumination apparatus, or may be set in accordance with the application of the illumination apparatus.
  • LED packages 24 may also be configured of white emission color.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a modification of the illumination apparatus according to the seventh embodiment. To easily understand the structure, some of the wall surfaces of the light pipes are omitted in the drawing. In the modification, the arrangement of RGB is changed. That is, four LED packages 24R (R11 to R14) of the red (R) emission color are arranged in a first stage, four LED packages 24R (R21 to R24) of the red (R) emission color are arranged in a second stage, four LED packages 24G (G11 to G14) of the green (G) emission color are arranged in a third stage, four LED packages 24G (G21 to G24) of the green (G) emission color are arranged in a fourth stage, and four LED packages 24B (B1 to B4) of the blue (B) emission color are arranged in a fifth stage.
  • four LED packages 24R (R11 to R14) of the red (R) emission color are arranged in a first stage
  • the light source control section 100 performs an emission control as shown in FIG. 32. That is, first the LED packages 24R of the red (R) emission color are pulse-lit by a driving current value which is larger than a rated current in order from R11 to R14, and simultaneously the LED packages 24R of the red (R) emission color are pulse-lit in order from R21 to R24. In this case, a timing is adjusted in such a manner that two LED packages 24R are simultaneously lit. Next, similarly the LED packages 24G of the green (G) emission color are similarly pulse-lit every two packages in order from G11 and G21 to G14 and G24. Moreover, the LED packages 24B of the blue (B) emission color are similarly pulse-lit in order from B1 to B4. This is regarded as one period, and is repeatedly performed. The length of one period may be set in accordance with the application of the illumination apparatus.
  • all the LED packages 24 may also be configured of the white emission color.
  • the plurality of LED chips arranged in three stages are successively switched to pulse-light in a timing similar to that shown in FIG. 32.
  • the relative positional relation with the emission end surface of the integral movable part 38 which takes in the radiated light is selected and changed in accordance with the emission switching of the LED packages 24 (LED chips 26). Accordingly, needless to say, the color of the emitted light is switched in order of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) colors in the process of the rotation of the integral movable part 38.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a configuration of another modification of the present embodiment. Also in the drawing, to easily understand the structure, some of the wall surfaces of the light pipes are omitted.
  • the LED packages 24 are arranged every two rows in upper and lower parts. That is, five LED packages 24R (R1 to R5) of the red (R) emission color are arranged in an upper first row, and five LED packages 24G (G11 to G15) of the green (G) emission color are arranged in the upper second row. Five LED packages 24G (G21 to G25) of the green (G) emission color are arranged in a lower first row, and five LED packages 24B (B1 to B5) of the blue (B) emission color are arranged in the lower second row.
  • the light source control section 100 performs the lighting control as shown in FIG. 30 described above.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a configuration of still another modification of the present embodiment.
  • the LED packages 24 are arranged every two rows in the upper and lower parts.
  • the emission colors are arranged in the same manner as in the modification shown in FIG. 31. That is, four LED packages 24R (R11 to R14, R21 to R24) of the red (R) color are arranged in each of the first and second stages, four LED packages 24G (G11 to G14, G21 to G24) of the green (G) color are arranged in each of the third and fourth stages, and four LED packages 24B (B1 to B4) of the blue (B) color are arranged in the fifth stage.
  • the cubic dichroic prism 48 described in the modification of FIG. 13 in the third embodiment is used.
  • dichroic mirror coats 102 which transmit the light of the green (G) and blue (B) colors and which reflect the light of the red (R) color are diagonally disposed.
  • dichroic mirror coats 104 which transmit the light of the blue (B) color and which reflect the light of the green (G) color are diagonally disposed.
  • mirror coats 106 which reflect the light of the blue (B) color are formed on the reflective surfaces.
  • Highly-reflective plates 108 are disposed between the upper and lower dichroic prisms 48.
  • FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a sequence of emission control in the light source control section 100 in the configuration. That is, first the LED packages 24R of the red (R) emission color are pulse-lit with a driving current value which is larger than the rated current in order from R11 to R14, and simultaneously the LED packages 24 of the red (R) emission color are pulse-lit in order of R23, R24, R21 and R22. In this case, the timing is adjusted to simultaneously light two LED packages 24R. Next, similarly, the LED packages 24G of the green (G) color are similarly pulse-lit every two packages in order of G11 and G23, G12 and G24, G13 and G21, G14 and G22. Moreover, the LED packages 24B of the blue (B) emission color are similarly pulse-lit in order from B1 to B4. This is regarded as one period, and is repeatedly performed. The length of one period may be set in accordance with the application of the illumination apparatus.
  • the incidence end surface of the rod 20 of the integral movable part 38 may also be shaped to be curved in accordance with a rotation radius. In this case, the incidence end surface can be brought closer to the LED chip 26.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
EP04015620A 2003-07-03 2004-07-02 Optisches strahlvereinigendes intern total reflektieriendes (TIR) Prisma und Lichtkondensor-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit solchem Prisma Withdrawn EP1494062A3 (de)

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JP2003191300 2003-07-03
JP2004157936A JP2005038831A (ja) 2003-07-03 2004-05-27 光学装置、照明装置、及びカラー照明装置
JP2004157936 2004-05-27

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EP1688779A1 (de) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-09 Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd Lichtleiter für Projektionsapparat
DE102005020539A1 (de) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Anordnung zur Erzeugung eines mehrfarbigen Bildes auf eine Projektionsfläche
WO2008068598A3 (en) * 2006-12-07 2008-10-30 Sim2 Multimedia Spa Improved led illumination system, in particular for a video projector
US9244275B1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2016-01-26 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Visual display system using multiple image sources and heads-up-display system using the same
EP2388626A3 (de) * 2010-05-19 2012-08-22 Olympus Corporation Beleuchtungsvorrichtung
WO2013011427A1 (en) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Luminaire emitting light of different colours
US9291314B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2016-03-22 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Luminaire emitting light of different colours
RU2597792C2 (ru) * 2011-07-15 2016-09-20 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Светильник, излучающий свет различных цветов
GB2501927A (en) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-13 Cymtec Ltd Waveguide assembly with coupling element
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GB2501927B (en) * 2012-05-11 2016-06-08 Cymtec Ltd Waveguide assembly
CN106573570B (zh) * 2014-07-31 2019-05-03 法雷奥照明公司 用于机动车辆的照明和/或信号的光模块
CN106573570A (zh) * 2014-07-31 2017-04-19 法雷奥照明公司 用于机动车辆的照明和/或信号的光模块
US10434846B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2019-10-08 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Surfaces of plastic glazing of tailgates
US10597097B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2020-03-24 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Aerodynamic features of plastic glazing of tailgates
US10690314B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2020-06-23 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Lighting systems of tailgates with plastic glazing
US10717348B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2020-07-21 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Surfaces of plastic glazing of tailgates
US10948152B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2021-03-16 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Lighting systems of tailgates with plastic glazing
US11267173B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2022-03-08 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Molding of plastic glazing of tailgates
US11458709B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2022-10-04 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Three shot plastic tailgate
US11845240B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2023-12-19 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Three shot plastic tailgate
US11466834B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2022-10-11 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Lighting systems for windows having plastic glazing
US11766965B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2023-09-26 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Illuminated graphic in an automotive plastic glazing
WO2024049464A1 (en) * 2022-08-30 2024-03-07 Excelitas Canada, Inc. Indexed multi-level selector for light beam with different but adjacent wavelengths

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JP2005038831A (ja) 2005-02-10
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US7210815B2 (en) 2007-05-01

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