EP1492953B1 - Combinaison soupape d'injection de carburant / bougie d'allumage - Google Patents

Combinaison soupape d'injection de carburant / bougie d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1492953B1
EP1492953B1 EP03745245A EP03745245A EP1492953B1 EP 1492953 B1 EP1492953 B1 EP 1492953B1 EP 03745245 A EP03745245 A EP 03745245A EP 03745245 A EP03745245 A EP 03745245A EP 1492953 B1 EP1492953 B1 EP 1492953B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
spark plug
electrodes
spark
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03745245A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1492953A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Vogel
Werner Herden
Rainer Ecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1492953A1 publication Critical patent/EP1492953A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1492953B1 publication Critical patent/EP1492953B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug (fuel injector spark plug combination) according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injector with an integrated spark plug is known.
  • the fuel injector with integrated spark plug is used for direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber.
  • the compact integration of a fuel injection valve with a spark plug installation space can be saved on the cylinder head of the engine.
  • the known fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug has a valve body which, together with an actuatable by means of a valve needle valve closing body forms a sealing seat, which is adjoined by an opening facing the combustion chamber end face of the valve body ejection opening.
  • the valve body is high-voltage resistant isolated by a ceramic insulating body of a screwed into the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine housing body.
  • On the housing body is a ground electrode to a counter potential to the high voltage applied to form valve body.
  • JP 57 000 361 A a combination of fuel injection valve and spark plug for an internal combustion engine known. Via a nozzle, a fuel is sprayed from the fuel injection valve into the combustion chamber. This mixture spreads tapered from the point of injection and surrounds the spark gap located under the nozzle.
  • the fuel injector spark plug combination according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the spark gap of the spark plug is so short that even low voltages sufficient to generate a spark.
  • Width of the spark gap is between 50 and 300 microns in an axial distance of 3 to 15 mm in front of the injection opening. It is likewise advantageous that the parts of the electrodes running parallel to an end face of the housing have the same length, which simplifies their manufacture.
  • the electrodes can be formed almost arbitrarily, so that each installation and injection situation can be taken into account.
  • the electrodes can be bent in a right-angle or part-circular manner both in the radial and in the axial direction.
  • the ends of the electrodes are chamfered or conically tapered to facilitate flashover.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic partial longitudinal section of the discharge end of a fuel injection valve 1 with integrated spark plug 2 (fuel injector spark plug combination) for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of a mixture-compression, spark-ignited internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber.
  • spark plug 2 fuel injector spark plug combination
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in this case has a nozzle body 3 and a valve seat body 4. In the valve seat body 4 more, in the present embodiment, for example, five spray openings 5 are arranged.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a valve needle 6, which is arranged in the nozzle body 3.
  • the valve needle 6 has at its discharge end a valve closing body 7, which with a formed on the valve seat body 4 valve seat surface. 8 forms a sealing seat. According to the invention it is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve. 1
  • the fuel injection valve 1 can be embodied as an electromagnetically operable fuel injection valve 1 or also have a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator for actuation.
  • the spark plug 2 consists of a candle block 9, which preferably consists of a ceramic material, as well as a first electrode 10 disposed therein.
  • the first electrode 10 is electrically contacted by a not further illustrated ignition device.
  • the spark plug 2 and the fuel injection valve 1 are arranged in a common housing 11. At least one second electrode 12 is fixed to the common housing 11 so that a spark gap 13 is formed between the electrodes 10 and 12.
  • the spark gap 13 has a very small width, which is only 50 to 300 ⁇ m, and is 3 to 15 mm away from the spray-discharge openings 5 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the small width of the spark gap 13 is advantageous in that the ignition voltage, which is required to generate a spark between the electrodes 10 and 12, considerably lower than in conventional spark plugs. It varies between 5 and 8 kV, while the ignition voltage requirement for conventional spark plugs is around 25 kV.
  • the electrodes 10 and 12 are also protected, since the electrode erosion can be greatly reduced by capacitive discharge, since this depends on the square of the voltage.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show two embodiments of a corresponding arrangement of the electrodes 10 and 12 according to the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of an inventively designed fuel injector 1 with integrated spark plug 2.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 2B is not the subject of the invention.
  • the viewing direction is directed in each case against the direction of discharge of the fuel -on the valve seat body 4 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • Fig. 2A the electrodes 10 and 12 are linear and are diametrically opposed to each other. This has the advantage of particularly easy manufacturability, since the electrodes only at right angles, as in Fig. 1 displayed, bent and otherwise do not need to be further processed.
  • Fig. 2B illustrated electrodes 10 and 12 are made bent, so that the second electrode 12 is not the first electrode 10, as in Fig. 2A represented, diametrically opposed, but together with this at least partially forms a circle.
  • This has the advantage that the common housing 11 of the fuel injection valve 1 and the spark plug 2 can be made considerably slimmer and as a result, the required installation space in the cylinder head can be reduced.
  • the electrodes 10 and 12 are arranged so that the spark gap 13 is always disposed within the sprayed through the spray orifices 5 mixture cloud.
  • the spark gap 13 can, as in Fig. 3A represented axially on a longitudinal axis of the fuel injection valve 1 centered on the concentric rings of injection openings 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 may be arranged, whereby the mixture cloud is ignited in the center. Thereafter, the mixture cloud can burn through very quickly, since the flame paths in the outer regions of the mixture cloud only about half as long as in a marginal arrangement of the spark plug 2, which flames the mixture cloud first in a peripheral region.
  • Fig. 3B shows a further possibility of the arrangement of the spark gap 13 relative to the ejection openings 5.
  • the possibility is not the subject of the invention.
  • a suitable placement of the spark gap 13 can be avoided, for example, that the electrodes 10 and 12 are injected too much directly, which would increase the coking of the electrodes 10 and 12 and thus malfunction and resulting misfires.
  • the most central possible arrangement of the spark gap 13 is maintained in order to exploit the short flame paths can.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4C show possible forms of the electrodes 10 and 12, which can be advantageously used in the inventively designed fuel injector 1 with integrated spark plug 2.
  • Fig. 4A shows electrodes 10 and 12, which are inclined at right angles to each other, with ends 14 of the electrodes 10, 12 bevelled or even conically shaped to promote the flashover.
  • the perpendicular bent electrodes extend parallel to an end face of the housing 11.
  • Fig. 4C The electrodes 10 and 12 tilt towards each other to an angle, whereby the arrangement is particularly easy to produce.
  • This embodiment is not the subject of the invention.
  • the ends 14 of the electrodes 10, 12 are at least bevelled or even tapered to promote the flashover.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B show a known example of a fuel injection valve 1 with integrated spark plug 2, wherein the fuel injection valve 1 in contrast to that in the Fig. 1 to 3 shown fuel injector 1 is designed as an outwardly opening fuel injector 1.
  • Fig. 5A shows a highly schematic side view of the discharge end of the fuel injection valve 1 and the integrated spark plug 2.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has, as in the previous embodiment, a nozzle body 3, in which a valve needle 6 is guided.
  • the valve needle 6 has at its discharge end a valve closing body 7, which forms a sealing seat with a formed on a valve seat body 4 valve seat surface 8. Due to the conical shape of the valve closing body 7, the fuel injection valve 1 sprays off a cone-shaped mixture cloud 15.
  • Fig. 5A the axial length of the electrodes 10, 12 is dimensioned so that the mixture cloud 15, the electrodes 10, 12 and the intervening spark gap 13 is not completely enveloped, but tangentially brushes.
  • Fig. 5B illustrates which a plan view of the discharge-side end of the fuel injection valve 1 and the spark plug 2 against the Abspritzetti shows.
  • the axial height above the exit region of the fuel is about 5mm. It can be seen that the opening angle of the cone-shaped mixture cloud 15 is just so far that the spark gap 13 is in the range of the stoichiometric mixture, without being injected directly. This is for the life of the spark plug 2 is advantageous because the thermal shock load is not so strong and the electrodes 10, 12 less prone to electrode erosion.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6D shown diagrams of the injection and ignition process in different load conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 6A shows schematically a simplified representation of the curve of the load M as a function of the speed n of the internal combustion engine.
  • Operating states within the horizontally hatched area are referred to as stratified charge mode or partial load mode, while operating states within the vertically shaded area are referred to as homogeneous, homogeneous lean or full load.
  • the FIGS. 6B and 6D refer to an operating state from the area of the stratified charge mode, while Fig. 6C represents an operating state from the range of the homogeneous operation.
  • Fig. 6B represents a possible injection and ignition process, which shows an injection phase over a time t i over a crankshaft angle range ° KW. Ignition occurs shortly after the beginning of injection before top dead center.
  • Fig. 6D illustrated injection and ignition possible, in which after the actual injection, a very small injection for ignition takes place.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and is applicable to any construction of fuel injection valves 1 and spark plugs 2 as defined in the appended claims.

Abstract

Ensemble soupape d'injection (1) de carburant et bougie d'allumage (2) intégrée qui comporte une soupape d'injection (1) de carburant pour l'injection directe de carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne et une bougie d'allumage (2) destinée à allumer le carburant injecté dans la chambre de combustion et dotée d'un isolateur céramique (9) comportant une première électrode (10) et une seconde électrode (12) écartée de la première électrode (10) par une distance explosive (13). La soupape d'injection (1) de carburant et l'isolateur céramique (9) de la bougie d'allumage (2) sont placés dans un boîtier commun (11). La distance explosive (13) possède une largeur allant de 50 à 300 µm et est située devant la soupape d'injection (1) de carburant, à raison d'un écart de 3 à 10 mm.

Claims (9)

  1. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage comprenant une soupape d'injection de carburant (1) pour l'injection directe de carburant à travers au moins une ouverture de pulvérisation (5) dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne et une bougie d'allumage (2) pour allumer le carburant injecté dans la chambre de combustion, avec un isolateur de bougie (9) qui présente une première électrode (10) et une deuxième électrode (12) qui est espacée de la première électrode (10) d'une distance d'éclatement (13),
    la soupape d'injection de carburant (1) et l'isolateur de bougie (9) de la bougie d'allumage (2) étant disposés dans un boîtier commun (11), caractérisée en ce que
    la distance d'éclatement (13) présente une largeur de 50 à 300 µm et est disposée à une distance de 3 à 15 mm devant l'ouverture de pulvérisation (5), en ce que la soupape d'injection de carburant (1) est réalisée sous forme de soupape d'injection de carburant (1) s'ouvrant vers l'intérieur avec plusieurs ouvertures de pulvérisation et
    en ce que les parties des électrodes (10 ; 12) s'étendant parallèlement à un côté frontal du boîtier (11) présentent la même longueur.
  2. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que
    la deuxième électrode (12) est fixée sur le boîtier commun (11).
  3. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les électrodes (10 ; 12) sont réalisées sous forme rectiligne et sont diamétralement opposées.
  4. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les électrodes (10 ; 12) sont cintrées en forme de cercle partiel.
  5. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les électrodes (10 ; 12) sont biseautées à leurs extrémités (14) tournées l'une vers l'autre ou sont effilées en forme de cône.
  6. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les électrodes (10 ; 12) sont disposées parallèlement à un axe longitudinal de la soupape d'injection de carburant (1) dans le boîtier (11) et de la bougie d'allumage (2) et sont cintrées à angle droit pour former la distance d'éclatement (13).
  7. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 4 et 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les électrodes (10 ; 12) sont cintrées en forme d'arc l'une vers l'autre pour former la distance d'éclatement (13).
  8. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les extrémités (14) des électrodes (10 ; 12) sont cintrées à angle droit, de sorte qu'elles soient parallèles l'une à l'autre.
  9. Combinaison de soupape d'injection de carburant et de bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que
    la distance d'éclatement (13) est disposée dans le prolongement axial d'un axe longitudinal de la soupape d'injection de carburant (1).
EP03745245A 2002-03-28 2003-01-29 Combinaison soupape d'injection de carburant / bougie d'allumage Expired - Lifetime EP1492953B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10214167 2002-03-28
DE10214167A DE10214167A1 (de) 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 Brennstoffeinspritzventil-Zündkerze-Kombination
PCT/DE2003/000232 WO2003083284A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-01-29 Combinaison soupape d'injection de carburant / bougie d'allumage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1492953A1 EP1492953A1 (fr) 2005-01-05
EP1492953B1 true EP1492953B1 (fr) 2011-05-18

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EP03745245A Expired - Lifetime EP1492953B1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-01-29 Combinaison soupape d'injection de carburant / bougie d'allumage

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7077100B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1492953B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4268885B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040093178A (fr)
DE (1) DE10214167A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003083284A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
EP1492953A1 (fr) 2005-01-05
DE10214167A1 (de) 2003-10-09
US7077100B2 (en) 2006-07-18
US20050224043A1 (en) 2005-10-13
WO2003083284A1 (fr) 2003-10-09
JP2005521829A (ja) 2005-07-21
KR20040093178A (ko) 2004-11-04
JP4268885B2 (ja) 2009-05-27

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