EP1478608B1 - Composition explosive plastique, s'utilisant notamment pour amor age petit calibre dans le cadre de la construction de tunnels et procede permettant de la produire et renfor ateur d'amor age approprie pour l'utiliser - Google Patents

Composition explosive plastique, s'utilisant notamment pour amor age petit calibre dans le cadre de la construction de tunnels et procede permettant de la produire et renfor ateur d'amor age approprie pour l'utiliser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1478608B1
EP1478608B1 EP02740286A EP02740286A EP1478608B1 EP 1478608 B1 EP1478608 B1 EP 1478608B1 EP 02740286 A EP02740286 A EP 02740286A EP 02740286 A EP02740286 A EP 02740286A EP 1478608 B1 EP1478608 B1 EP 1478608B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
explosive
ignitor
booster
nitrocellulose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02740286A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1478608A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Mann
Christian Heinze
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MaxamCorp Holding SL
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MAXAM DEUTSCHLAND GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/26—Arrangements for mounting initiators; Accessories therefor, e.g. tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/32—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrated pentaerythritol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic explosive composition, in particular for a small-caliber starter for tunneling, with substances that are non-toxic, have good handling safety and detonability, with at least one highly explosive explosive and a plasticizer; and a method for its production with the features of the preamble of the single method claim; and a booster for an aforementioned plastic explosive composition, in particular for loading hoses for boreholes and a small-caliber initial ignition, ie boosting charge for tunneling, with a tubular sleeve with plugs made of plastic at both end portions, of which at least one permeable to an igniter of the explosive in the sleeve is.
  • Explosive-free explosives such as ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) explosives and emulsion explosives
  • ANFO Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil
  • emulsion explosives are produced on mixed-load vehicles and are pumped directly into the wells by means of discharge devices.
  • Such explosives have good blasting parameters, but are not in most cases Explosive capsule sensitive and require a strong initiation.
  • a so-called impact cartridge is used for this, which can be initiated with a conventional explosive ignition safely.
  • boosters or ignition amplifiers has been amplified instead of impact cartridges.
  • These usually consist of highly explosive explosives such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate (Nitropenta) and / or trinitrotoluene (TNT).
  • the diameter of such booster is usually 65 mm.
  • the borehole diameters in tunneling are much smaller than those of surface mining operations in order to be able to carry out targeted explosions. Usually they are in the range of 36 to 50 mm.
  • the loose explosives are blown or pumped into the wells using a loading hose.
  • the loading tube is understandably smaller in diameter than the bore so that there is no jamming / clogging when the loading tube is inserted into the wellbore.
  • the outside diameter of the loading tube is between 25 and 27 mm, the inside diameter 19 mm.
  • the booster must cause a small-caliber initial ignition, so represent a small-caliber boost charge.
  • Known booster consist of a tubular sleeve, the ends of which are closed with plugs, one of the plugs having openings, such as a slot for easier insertion of the explosive and a detonator. From these openings explosive constituents can escape and liquid enter, whereby explosives can reach the inner walls of the packages, so the inner walls of bags or boxes for boosters, which can lead to problems from a safety and work-hygenic point of view.
  • the slot also serves to insert the igniter into the explosive mass in the booster, which protrudes only loosely, at least without any further attachment and positioning in the explosive mixture.
  • an explosive substance may only be transported if its impact energy greater than 2 J and its friction energy is greater than 80 N.
  • Stettbacher also proposed a substitute for dynamite, which consists only of nitroglycerin, nitrocellulose and nitropenta. Investigations have shown that this explosive is characterized on the one hand by a very high detonation velocity (> 8000 m / s), on the other hand the impact energy required for the explosion release is only 7.5 J (with the addition of potassium nitrate even 5 J), the required frictional energy only 180 N.
  • gelatinous ammonium nitrate explosives with high nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol content can be used for boosters. Since the critical diameter for gelatinous ammonium nitrate explosives is between 15 and 16 mm (excluding inclusion) depending on the composition, gelatinous ammonium nitrate explosives for such applications are additionally provided with highly explosive explosives in order to obtain the required detonator sensitivity. These explosive compositions are also very sensitive to impact. The impact sensitivity required for detonation release is 7.5 J. Another disadvantage of these explosive mixtures is the effect of "aging". Prolonged storage causes the fine air bubbles introduced by the manufacturing process to disappear. The internal surface of the explosive composition decreases and thus also its sensitivity (cf. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim, Volume 21 ).
  • Newer plastic explosives like for example FR-A-947052 known contain hexogen / octogen / Nitropenta mixtures and a plasticizer (eg, styrene-butadiene copolymer).
  • a plasticizer eg, styrene-butadiene copolymer
  • the known boosters are not dense and expensive to handle and are strongly influenced by the physical properties of the explosive mixtures, with the result that cavities for the detonators undergo changes which are difficult to calculate when the explosive mixtures are changed. Consequently, the known boosters are also unsuitable for satisfactorily achieving the object of the present invention.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a plastic explosive composition, especially for a small-caliber initial ignition, ie boosting charge in tunneling, which contains no toxic substances, has a small critical diameter and still improved handling safety (higher impact and friction energy) than before to disclose known explosive compositions and a process for its preparation.
  • the composition consists of 50 to 80 parts by weight of a highly explosive explosive such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate and / or hexogen and / or octogen, 15 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate and / or diamyl phthalate, nitrocellulose in the order of 0.5 to 3%, inorganic nitrates such as sodium and / or potassium nitrate up to 10% and small amounts of colorants and inert substances.
  • a highly explosive explosive such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate and / or hexogen and / or octogen
  • a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate and / or diamyl phthalate
  • nitrocellulose in the order of 0.5 to 3%
  • inorganic nitrates such as sodium and / or potassium nitrate up to 10% and small amounts of colorants and inert substances.
  • the explosive composition is primarily intended as a small-caliber initial charge (diameter 15 mm), also known as boosters or boosters, for the safe ignition of loose explosives. Also powdery or emulsions.
  • Dibutyl phthalate and diamyl phthalate are used in the explosive industry, especially in the production of smokeless powder as a plasticizer (see Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim, Volume 20, p 102). These substances therefore surprisingly contribute significantly to the composition according to the invention.
  • the use of dibutyl phthalate is still out US-A-3311513 known.
  • the detonability of an explosive basically depends on its ignitability and the ability to relay the detonation.
  • the ignitability is defined according to DIN 20163 "Blasting technique, November 1994 edition", a comparison parameter for the ignition sensitivity of an explosive which detects the required detonator strength or the explosive quantity of an ignition amplifier.
  • the "critical diameter” is according to DIN 20163 “blasting technique", the diameter of a charging station below which the detonation is no longer reliably forwarded.
  • An explosive of high detonability therefore generally requires a small detonator strength and has a small critical diameter.
  • For testing is generally z.
  • a detonator or an electric detonator contains 0.6 g Nitropenta as a secondary charge.
  • dibutyl phthalate and diamyl phthalate are used as an excellent substitute for nitroglycerin / nitroglycol in order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above - toxicological (very toxic) and safety-related properties.
  • both substances are classified as “harmful” by the current hazardous substances legislation, they are not classified as “very toxic” or "toxic”.
  • the non-toxic, in any case not classified as "very toxic” or "toxic” dibutyl phthalate used in the application according to the invention is also referred to as Diisobutylphtalat and is classified according to hazardous substances legislation as only "dangerous for the environment".
  • Example 4 is to be regarded as a comparative example, since no alkali metal nitrate is used here.
  • dibutyl phthalate and diamyl phthalate have a phlegmatizing effect on the explosive composition.
  • the handling safety is significantly improved in the above formulations according to the application and the recipe according to the invention.
  • Impact and friction energy are higher than known explosive compositions.
  • the explosive composition has a small critical diameter which is desired for so-called boosters.
  • the constituents of dibutyl phthalate and / or diamyl phthalate form a gelatin with nitrocellulose by mixing, which together with nitropenta and / or hexogen and / or octogen and sodium nitrate and / or potassium nitrate and the colorants and inert substances is a plastic homogeneous mass.
  • the explosive mixture is thus particularly easy to handle and can be well filled in even extremely thin plastic sleeves, which are well movable in the thin charging tube of perhaps only up to 19 mm inside diameter.
  • the explosive mixture is mainly filled in rigid, cylindrical plastic sleeves, which are closed on both sides with plastic plugs.
  • the plastic plugs have a star-shaped predetermined breaking point, whereby the insertion of the igniter can be done very easily and easily.
  • the explosive mixture has a consistency with a plasticity, which causes a simple insertion in both sides closable plastic sleeves, as well as the introduction of a detonator facilitates in this booster and ensures the maintenance of the igniter therein.
  • the explosive composition thus has a plastic consistency, which facilitates the insertion of the igniter.
  • the retention of the igniter in the plastic sleeve (the booster) is significantly better for a plastic explosive composition than for cast or pressed explosive compositions (TNT / Nitropenta).
  • the task with regard to the booster for a plastic explosive composition according to the application is achieved according to the invention in that the plugs firmly and tightly close the sleeve and at least one plug has a central, individually openable passage opening for an igniter which centers, locks and seals the igniter.
  • the igniter can be introduced particularly easily and precisely into a plastic explosive mass despite initially closed plug.
  • a combination of the plastic explosive mass with the booster according to the invention ensures almost automatically the safe and centric Seat of the igniter in the sleeve with largely tightness even with inserted detonator.
  • D. h. The plastic explosive mass is securely and tightly packed in the sleeve due to the mutual stopper, so that neither explosives or explosive components can get to the outside and humidity inside.
  • the explosive mixture fills the inner volume of the sealed sleeve only incompletely.
  • a swelling of plastic explosive mass when inserting the second plug and the igniter is safely excluded in a simple manner.
  • the remaining volume in the closed sleeve corresponds at least to the volume of the initiator to be introduced and a plug.
  • various effects can be prevented. It has been found that thereby pushing out of the opposite plug when inserting the second plug can be prevented as well as when inserting the igniter in one of the plug. Experience has shown that even a few percent of the filling volume suffice as a free-standing cavity.
  • the sleeve is rigid and circular cylindrical and the plug tight and firmly projecting with a portion into the interior of the sleeve and having an outer remaining flange whose outer diameter corresponds to that of the sleeve.
  • each plug can only be pressed to a predetermined depth in the sleeve.
  • the plugs are either easy to squeeze o. The like. And / or with adhesive o. The like. Provide and thus virtually automatically seal the sleeve. Since the flange has the same outer diameter as the sleeve, the mobility of the booster in the charging hose is not limited.
  • each plug is elastic and circularly symmetrical and the outer flange, together with a central projecting into the sleeve portion has a shape similar to a thimble, with a protruding into the sleeve bottom, which forms the passage opening for the igniter.
  • the bottom of the plug is oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal extent of the sleeve and has a smaller wall thickness with a predetermined breaking point applied radially from the center.
  • a predetermined breaking point applied radially from the center.
  • one or both surfaces of the bottom are radially provided with straight lines of reduced cross-section, which form the predetermined breaking point (s) and, similar to a cake, at least three identical straps (pieces).
  • the production cost is to keep low, since the predetermined breaking point itself are to be made of radially extending lines of smaller cross-section and already satisfy three pieces of cake-shaped tabs to form a star-shaped through hole and to achieve all application advantages can.
  • the tabs of the star-shaped passage opening center the detonated detonator due to their predetermined elasticity, set and seal the sleeve at the same time.
  • the inserted igniter is always inserted centrally in the sleeve and at the same time secured by the forming tabs against pulling out.
  • the star-shaped passage opening is broken only as far as necessary, that is according to the diameter of the igniter.
  • the forming tabs nestle snugly and thus close to the detonator.
  • the sleeve is sealed according to the application with and without detonator. Also, an accidentally inserted detonator can be removed again, because the elasticity of the tabs allow this and they relax after removal and close the passage opening again.
  • the sleeve and the plug made of polyethylene or polypropylene. This allows the materials to be used, which are easy to work with, ensure a safe interaction with each other and optimally meet the sliding requirements in the charging hose, with an outer diameter corresponding to the critical diameter and, if necessary, smaller than the inner charging hose diameter.
  • the sleeve meets the requirements of an extrusion process and the plug which an injection-molding process. This makes it possible to manufacture the booster according to the application economically attractive.
  • the formulations are characterized by explosive properties, which correspond to those formed with toxic substances, by an extremely high impact energy and the other advantages already mentioned.
  • Fig. 1 partially shows a view of a booster 10 according to the application, which has a sleeve 11 made of plastic and two plugs 12, also made of plastic.
  • the plugs 12 have an outer flange 13 with an outer diameter corresponding to that of the sleeve 11.
  • the sleeve 11 and the plug 12 have a circular cylindrical basic shape and are firmly and tightly connected. This connection takes place via a circular cylindrical portion 14 which is integrally connected to the flange 13 of the plug 12 and z.
  • B. protrudes a few millimeters into the sleeve 11 and is firmly and tightly engaged with the inner wall 15 of the sleeve 11. This connection can be made non-positively and / or by the aid of adhesive or heat.
  • the flange 13 has a centrally disposed, projecting into the sleeve 11 thimble-shaped (cylindrical) section 16 with a bottom 17 and one in the Fig. 1 indicated radial breaking point 18.
  • the flange 13 is open in the area of the thimble-shaped portion 16, so that only a cross-sectional area in Fig. 4 shown detonator 21 with its front side against the bottom 17 and thus can be pressed against the predetermined breaking point 18 and breaks them in a predeterminable manner.
  • the detonator can also fill the entire star-shaped through opening 19, that is to say the base 17.
  • the predetermined breaking point (s) 18 are formed by from the center radially (radially) extending lines with cross-sectional reduction, which in one of the surfaces, for. B. the outer surface of the bottom 17 is introduced.
  • the flange 13 also prevents the plug 12 from being pushed in during the opening 19 being broken through.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view corresponding to line AA in Fig. 1 , Visible are the circular symmetrical shape of the plug 12 and the flange 13 as well as the bottom 17 with radial, radial predetermined breaking points 18 are provided, two of which are shown. These form a total of six cake piece-shaped sections, better called tabs 20.
  • the thus formed, star-shaped through hole 19 is arranged deep in the thimble-shaped portion 16 and thus facilitates quasi funnel-shaped threading of the igniter 21.
  • Fig. 1 directed.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a side view of a plug 12 with flange 13, cylindrical portion 14 for fixing the plug 12 in the sleeve 11 and the thimble-shaped portion 16 shown in phantom to insert this plug 12 with still closed through hole 19 in the sleeve 11, without the, the other end of the sleeve 11 occlusive, further plug 12 is pushed out again, according to the application provided that the sleeve 11 is only partially filled with plastic explosive.
  • the sleeve 11 is also filled with plastic explosive only to such an extent that even expulsion of explosive during the insertion of the igniter 21 fails to occur.
  • the remaining volume about 1 cm at a z. B. 15 mm diameter booster 10 corresponds, or about a filling of only 90 to 95% of the booster 10th
  • Fig. 4 shows a plan view of Fig. 3 along the line BB.
  • the representation corresponds to the acc. Fig. 2 to the description of which reference is also made.
  • the passage opening 19 is broken and therefore shown in a star shape, with an inner cross section which may correspond to that of a fuze 21.
  • the igniter 21 can be larger and smaller Have cross-section.
  • the radially arranged lines of the predetermined breaking points 18 have formed elastic tabs 20, which determine the available free diameter of the passage opening 19 with their angular tips and, due to their elastic material tension, hold the igniter 21 in the center and secure it against being pulled out. With a suitable choice of the material break the predetermined breaking points barely on, as absolutely necessary and the tabs 20 nestle against the igniter 21, so that even in the case of the inserted igniter 21, the through hole 19 is virtually closed tight.
  • the radial predetermined breaking point 18 of the plug 12 is designed so that it is dense on the one hand and thus prevents the escape of explosives or components thereof, on the other hand is thin and has a special construction, the easy insertion of the igniter 21st allows.
  • the igniter 21 can easily be introduced into the plastic explosive mass according to the invention and is thus securely and centrically fixed in the sleeve 11 by the combination of the elastic explosive mass with the plastic bottles 20. By the tabs 20 slipping out of the igniter 21 is further difficult. Since the plug 12 is identical on both sides, the igniter 21 can be inserted from each side into the sleeve 11.
  • the booster 10 does not have to be taken by the person entitled to blast in a certain direction in order to introduce the igniter 21 can.
  • the advantage of a plastic explosive mass in such a booster 12 over a cast, solid explosive mixture is further that for the introduction of the igniter 21 no preformed cavity must be present in the explosive. A preformed cavity always presents a risk that the igniter 21 may be too loose or jamming occurs upon insertion of the igniter 21.
  • the volume of the sleeve 11 is only 90 to 95% filled with the plastic explosive mass (on one side of the sleeve 11 remain empty about 10 millimeters, with a diameter of the sleeve 11 in the centimeter range). This cavity is u. a. sufficient for the insertion of the igniter 21, without that arranged on the opposite side of the sleeve 11 plug 12 is moved out of the sleeve 11.
  • the sleeve 11 and the plug 12 are made of plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • the sleeve 11 preferably in the extrusion process and the plug 12 in the injection-molding process, which leads to a good economic price-performance ratio.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Composition explosive plastique, notamment pour un amorçage petit calibre pour la construction de tunnels et/ou pour des travaux d'explosion souterrains, avec des substances non toxiques présentant une bonne sécurité de manipulation et un bon pouvoir détonnant, avec au moins une matière explosive très brisante et un plastifiant, caractérisée par une composition de :
    - 50-80 % en poids de tétranitrate de pentaérythritol et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène comme matière explosive très brisante ;
    - 15-30 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle comme plastifiant ;
    - 0,5 - 3 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - jusqu'à 10 % en poids de nitrates anorganiques, tels que le nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes ;
    les composants du dibutylphtalate et/ou du phtalate de diamyle formant par mélange une gélatine avec la nitrocellulose qui forme, alors, conjointement avec le nitropenta et/ou l'hexogène et/ou l'octogène et le nitrate de sodium et/ou le nitrate de potassium et les colorants et les substances inertes, une masse homogène plastique.
  2. Composition explosive selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par un diamètre critique d'au moins 15 mm, une vitesse de détonation d'au moins 6260 m/s, une énergie de rupture d'au moins 15 J et une énergie de frottement d'au moins 360 N.
  3. Composition explosive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par :
    - 65 % en poids de nitropenta et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène ;
    - 28,3 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle ;
    - 1,7 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - 5 % en poids de nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes.
  4. Composition explosive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par :
    - 65 % en poids de nitropenta et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène ;
    - 25 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle ;
    - 1,0 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - 9 % en poids de nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes.
  5. Composition explosive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par :
    - 75 % en poids de nitropenta et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène ;
    - 20 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle ;
    - 1,0 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - 4 % en poids de nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes.
  6. Composition explosive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par :
    - 68,5% en poids de nitropenta et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène ;
    - 21 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle ;
    - 1,5 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - 9 % en poids de nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes.
  7. Composition explosive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par :
    - 70 % en poids de nitropenta et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène ;
    - 21 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle ;
    - 1,0 % en poids de nitrocellulose ;
    - 8 % en poids de nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - des ajouts limités de colorants et de substances inertes.
  8. Composition explosive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes ou plusieurs d'entre elles, caractérisée par une consistance offrant une plasticité permettant une introduction simple dans les douilles de matière synthétique refermables des deux côtés et garantissant l'introduction d'une amorce dans ce renforçateur d'amorce ainsi que son maintien à l'intérieur.
  9. Procédé de fabrication de la composition explosive plastique selon la revendication 1, notamment pour un amorçage petit calibre pour la construction de tunnels, avec des substances non toxiques présentant une bonne sécurité de manipulation et un bon pouvoir détonnant, avec au moins une matière explosive très brisante et un plastifiant, caractérisé par une composition de :
    - 15-30 % en poids de dibutylphtalate et/ou de phtalate de diamyle comme plastifiant ; et
    - 0,5 - 3 % en poids de nitrocellulose mélangée jusqu'à obtention d'une gélatine puis introduction dans cette gélatine de :
    - 50-80 % en poids de tétranitrate de pentaérythritol (nitropenta) et/ou d'hexogène et/ou d'octogène comme matière explosive très brisante ; et
    - jusqu'à 10 % en poids de nitrates anorganiques, tels que du nitrate de sodium et/ou de potassium ; et
    - l'ajout de quantités limitées de colorants et substances inertes jusqu'à ce que le mélange forme une masse homogène plastique.
  10. Renforçateur contenant une composition explosive plastique selon la revendication 1, notamment pour les flexibles de charge des trous de forage et un amorçage petit calibre, donc pour la charge de renfort utilisée pour la construction de tunnels, avec une douille (11) de forme tubulaire dotée de bouchons (12) en matière synthétique aux deux segments d'extrémité de celle-ci, parmi lesquels au moins un bouchon peut laisser passer une amorce (21) de matière explosive dans la douille (11), caractérisé en ce que les bouchons (12) ferment la douille (11) fixement et de façon étanche et qu'au moins un bouchon (12) présente une ouverture de passage (19) centrale pouvant être ouverte individuellement pour laisser passer une amorce (21), ladite ouverture centrant, bloquant et ceignant l'amorce (21) de façon étanche.
  11. Renforçateur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de matière explosive ne remplit pas entièrement le volume intérieur de la douille (11) fermée présentant un diamètre correspondant au diamètre critique.
  12. Renforçateur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le volume restant libre dans la douille (11) fermée correspond au moins au volume de l'amorce (21) à introduire et d'un bouchon (12).
  13. Renforçateur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la douille (11) est rigide et cylindrique circulaire et que les bouchons (12) ressortent de façon étanche et fixe avec un segment (14) à l'intérieur de la douille (11) et comportent une bride (13) restant à l'extérieur dont le diamètre extérieur correspond à celui de la douille (11).
  14. Renforçateur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que chaque bouchon (12) est élastique et présente une symétrie circulaire et que la bride (13) extérieure forme, conjointement avec un segment (16) central saillant dans la douille (11), une déformation similaire à un dé à coudre, avec un fond (17) saillant dans la douille (11) formant l'ouverture de passage (19) pour l'amorce (21).
  15. Renforçateur selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le fond (17) du bouchon (12) est perpendiculaire à l'extension longitudinale de la douille (11) et présente une épaisseur de paroi plus limitée avec un point de rupture théorique (18) disposé de façon rayonnante en son centre.
  16. Renforçateur selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'une ou les deux surfaces du fond (17) sont pourvues d'une section réduite avec des lignes droites rayonnantes formant le ou les points de rupture théorique (18) et formant, tout comme un gâteau, au moins trois brides identiques (20) (parts).
  17. Renforçateur selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les brides (20) de l'ouverture de passage (19) en forme d'étoile centrent et fixent l'amorce (21) insérée à l'intérieur grâce à leur élasticité prédéfinie, étanchéifiant ainsi en même temps la douille (11).
  18. Renforçateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17 ou plusieurs d'entre elles, caractérisé en ce que la douille (11) et les bouchons (12) sont en polyéthylène ou en polypropylène.
  19. Renforçateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17 ou plusieurs d'entre elles, caractérisé en ce que la douille (11) remplit les exigences d'un procédé d'extrusion et que le bouchon (12) remplit celles d'un procédé de moulage par injection.
EP02740286A 2002-01-31 2002-04-22 Composition explosive plastique, s'utilisant notamment pour amor age petit calibre dans le cadre de la construction de tunnels et procede permettant de la produire et renfor ateur d'amor age approprie pour l'utiliser Expired - Lifetime EP1478608B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10204279 2002-01-31
DE10204279 2002-01-31
PCT/DE2002/001490 WO2003064352A1 (fr) 2002-01-31 2002-04-22 Composition explosive plastique, s'utilisant notamment pour amorçage petit calibre dans le cadre de la construction de tunnels et procede permettant de la produire et renforçateur d'amorçage approprie pour l'utiliser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1478608A1 EP1478608A1 (fr) 2004-11-24
EP1478608B1 true EP1478608B1 (fr) 2010-09-29

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02740286A Expired - Lifetime EP1478608B1 (fr) 2002-01-31 2002-04-22 Composition explosive plastique, s'utilisant notamment pour amor age petit calibre dans le cadre de la construction de tunnels et procede permettant de la produire et renfor ateur d'amor age approprie pour l'utiliser

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1478608B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE482917T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10218222A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2353738T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20040650A2 (fr)
NO (1) NO333107B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003064352A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108844508A (zh) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-20 中北大学 一种炸药临界直径测试装置及其测试方法
EP4296253A1 (fr) * 2022-06-23 2023-12-27 AEEG Applied Explosives & Energetics GmbH Composition explosive plastique

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE536821C2 (sv) 2011-12-23 2014-09-23 Power Tools Spräckutrustning I Herrljunga Ab Ett stenspräckningsaggregat, en apterad stenspräckpatron ochen icke-apterad stenspräckpatron samt en tändkapsel vilka ingår i aggregatet
CN112525024A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-03-19 中铁十八局集团有限公司 一种隧道钻爆施工周边眼控制超欠挖的方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR947052A (fr) * 1947-05-14 1949-06-22 Perfectionnements aux explosifs plastiques
FR1424216A (fr) * 1964-02-27 1966-01-07 Bombrini Parodi Delfino S P A Procédé pour la fabrication d'explosifs plastiques à grande puissance
US3311513A (en) * 1965-03-05 1967-03-28 Du Pont Nitramine, nitrocellulose explosive with ester plasticizer
US3317361A (en) * 1965-10-27 1967-05-02 John D Hopper Flexible plasticized explosive of cyclonitramine and nitrocellose and process therefor
US3400025A (en) * 1966-04-19 1968-09-03 Army Usa Flexible explosive comprising rdx, hmx or petn and mixed plasticizer
GB9712748D0 (en) * 1997-06-17 1997-08-20 Dimitrov Stokyo I Plastic explosive

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108844508A (zh) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-20 中北大学 一种炸药临界直径测试装置及其测试方法
CN108844508B (zh) * 2018-07-04 2020-04-14 中北大学 一种炸药临界直径测试装置及其测试方法
EP4296253A1 (fr) * 2022-06-23 2023-12-27 AEEG Applied Explosives & Energetics GmbH Composition explosive plastique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO333107B1 (no) 2013-03-04
WO2003064352A1 (fr) 2003-08-07
ES2353738T3 (es) 2011-03-04
DE10218222A1 (de) 2003-08-28
EP1478608A1 (fr) 2004-11-24
ATE482917T1 (de) 2010-10-15
HRP20040650A2 (en) 2005-12-31
DE50214691D1 (de) 2010-11-11
NO20042674L (no) 2004-06-25

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