EP1476697B1 - Emetteur infrarouge plan - Google Patents

Emetteur infrarouge plan Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1476697B1
EP1476697B1 EP03709604A EP03709604A EP1476697B1 EP 1476697 B1 EP1476697 B1 EP 1476697B1 EP 03709604 A EP03709604 A EP 03709604A EP 03709604 A EP03709604 A EP 03709604A EP 1476697 B1 EP1476697 B1 EP 1476697B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
infrared emitter
emitter according
radiant element
strips
built
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03709604A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1476697A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Aust
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10222450A external-priority patent/DE10222450A1/de
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP1476697A1 publication Critical patent/EP1476697A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1476697B1 publication Critical patent/EP1476697B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/148—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with grids, e.g. strips or rods, as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/147—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with perforated plates as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/149—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with wires, threads or gauzes as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a designed as a surface radiator infrared radiator with a jet body, which is heated at its rear by a burning fluid-air mixture and emits the front surface of the infrared radiation.
  • Infrared radiators designed as surface radiators are known to be used in drying systems which serve for drying sheet-like materials, for example paper or board webs. Depending on the width of the web to be dried and the desired heating power, the required number of radiators with aligned radiating surfaces is combined to form a drying unit.
  • FIG. 16 The basic structure of a single, generic infrared radiator is in FIG. 16 represented and for example in the DE 199 01 145-A1 described.
  • the invention has for its object to maximize the life of such a construction by using a particularly suitable material for the jet body, as this is usually the wear part of the construction.
  • the jet body is made of a highly heat-resistant material containing more than 50 percent by weight of a metal silicide, preferably molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ).
  • a metal silicide preferably molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ).
  • An infrared radiator according to the invention can be operated for a very high specific heating power with flame temperatures of more than 1200 ° C, if necessary even more than 1700 ° C.
  • the jet body has a high emission factor and a long service life. Another advantage is that the material can be brought into various forms to optimize the radiation behavior and the convective heat transfer.
  • the infrared emitters according to the invention are preferably heated with gas, alternatively heating with a liquid fuel is possible as the heating fluid.
  • each radiator includes a mixing tube 1, in which at one end a mixing nozzle 2 is screwed.
  • a gas supply line 3 is connected, which is connected to a manifold 4, from which a plurality of juxtaposed radiator are supplied with gas 5.
  • the supply of air 6 via a hollow cross-member 7, to which the mixing tube 1 is attached.
  • the connecting line 8 for the air supply opens in the upper part of the mixing tube 1 in a the outlet end of the mixing nozzle 2 comprehensive, downwardly open air chamber 9, so that in the mixing chamber 10 of the mixing tube 1 from above a gas-air mixture is introduced.
  • a housing 11 is fixed, in which a burner plate 12 is disposed of ceramic as a barrier.
  • the burner plate 12 includes a series of through holes 13 which open into a combustion chamber 14 which is formed between the burner plate 12 and a substantially parallel to this spaced beam body 15.
  • flames form, which heat the radiation body 15 from the rear side, so that it emits infrared radiation.
  • the mixing tube 1 opens into a sealed by a hood 16 distribution chamber 17, which is completed at the other end of the burner plate 12. So that the gas-air mixture is evenly distributed on the back of the burner plate 12, a baffle plate 18 is arranged in the distribution chamber 17, against which the supplied mixture flows.
  • the burner plate 12 is fitted in the housing 11 in circumferential, refractory seals 19.
  • the jet body 15 hangs in one circumferential refractory frame 20 which is fixed to the housing 11 and together with the seals 19 the combustion chamber 14 closes laterally gas-tight.
  • the radiating body 15 is made of a high heat resistant material containing as a main component more than 50% by weight of a metal silicide.
  • metal silicides it is preferable to use molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ).
  • MoSi 2 molybdenum disilicide
  • WSi 2 tungsten disilicide
  • As a further component are preferably silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) or silicon carbide (SiC) or mixtures of these compounds. These materials are extremely temperature resistant and stable, so that the spotlight - if necessary - with flame temperatures of more than 1700 ° C up to 1850 ° C can be operated.
  • the material Compared with a likewise high-temperature resistant alloy, which consists exclusively of metals (for example, a metallic Schuleiterlegtechnik), the material has the further advantage that no scaling occurs. In order to obtain an extremely long service life of the radiator, this can be operated with a flame temperature slightly below the maximum possible temperature of the jet body 15; for example between 1100 ° C and 1400 ° C, whereby the formation of thermal NO x is kept within a tolerable range.
  • the jet body 15 consists of a block containing a plurality of continuous channels 21.
  • the channels 21 are heated at the combustion chamber 14 bounding the rear side of the jet body 15.
  • the channels 21 are designed either tubular or slot-shaped.
  • the cross-section of the tubular channels is preferably either circular or in the form of a regular polygon.
  • the channels 21 are arranged honeycomb next to each other.
  • the channels 21 may also be slit-shaped.
  • the jet body 15 is preferably constructed from a series of plates arranged at a distance from one another, the spaces between which form the slot-shaped channels.
  • the jet body 15 is composed of a plurality of spaced apart tubes 22 or rods.
  • the tubes 22 or rods extend parallel to the burner plate 14 and are secured with their ends in the frame 20, respectively.
  • the outside of the tubes 22 form the radiating front surface, in each case between two tubes 22 forms a slit-shaped Opening 23, can escape through the hot combustion gases and infrared radiation.
  • FIG. 5 A particularly advantageous embodiment of a radiator is in FIG. 5 shown.
  • the jet body 15 is composed of a plurality of spaced-apart strips 24 which, like the tubes 22 in FIG FIG. 4 arranged parallel to the barrier and are mounted at their ends in the frame of the housing 11.
  • the strips are constructed and arranged so that parts of them form baffles for the flames.
  • the strips 24 have a U-shaped or H-shaped cross section, wherein the open sides between the two legs 25 to the outside (in FIG. 5 down) is directed.
  • the transverse webs 26 between the legs 25 define the combustion chamber 14 and form the baffles for the flames.
  • the baffle surface in use with the barrier structure described below, effects maximum convective heat transfer from the flames to the blast body 15.
  • the transverse webs 26 of the ledges 24 preferably have indentations 27 opposite the flames, as in FIG FIG. 7 is shown.
  • the indentations 27 act as an enlarged, the flames catching baffles.
  • Between each two strips 24 slot-shaped openings 23 are arranged, which allow a discharge of the combustion gases.
  • Each strip 24 is made of the above-described high-temperature resistant material) containing more than 50% by weight of MoSi 2 or WSi 2 as a main component.
  • FIGS. 8 to 12 In cross-section preferred embodiments are shown in which the jet body is composed of at least two superposed layers of strips 24. In operation, the strips 24 of the two layers assume different radiation temperatures, which significantly increases the efficiency.
  • the FIGS. 8 to 12 are the flames - as well as in the FIGS. 1 to 5 - directed from top to bottom.
  • the strips 24 are each designed as angle profiles with two legs.
  • the two legs form an angle between 30 ° and 150 ° to each other, preferably about 90 °.
  • the strips 24 of the two layers are arranged offset to one another, so that the combustion exhaust gases pass through the two Layers are additionally deflected. The redirection causes a significantly improved heat transfer to the two layers.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 8 are the angle profile of the two layers in the direction of flame rectified and offset from each other, in the embodiment according to FIG. 9 aligned opposite to each other. In both embodiments, the flames collide with the angle of the upper layer ledges 24.
  • the strips are also opposite and offset from each other, the flames bouncing on the angled side of the strips of the lower layer.
  • the jet body 15 is constructed of strips 24, which are each designed in the form of a half-shell.
  • the half-shell-shaped strips 24 are aligned opposite to each other in the two layers and offset from each other, so that even in this embodiment, the combustion exhaust gases are very largely deflected.
  • FIG. 12 have the strips 24 as in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 a U-shaped cross section. They are also arranged in two layers, wherein the strips 24 of the lower layer are respectively arranged opposite to and offset from the strips 24 of the upper layer. The strips 24 of the lower layer thus cover the space between two strips 24 of the upper layer and thus force the exhaust gases exiting through the intermediate spaces to a change in direction by 180 °.
  • FIG. 5 a particularly advantageous embodiment of the barrier is shown, which can also be used in conjunction with the Strahlkörpem 15 shown in other figures instead of the burner plate 12 made of ceramic.
  • the barrier consists of a nozzle plate 28 made of a heat-resistant metal, in which a series of tubular nozzles 29 are inserted, which are also made of metal. Through the nozzles 29, the gas-air mixture from the distribution chamber 17 enters the combustion chamber 14.
  • the nozzles 29 are arranged so that the outlet opening of each nozzle 29 is directed against baffles formed by parts of the jet body 15. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the outlet openings of the nozzles 29 are each directed approximately centrally against the transverse web 26 of a bar 24 of the jet body 15.
  • FIG. 5 the outlet openings of the nozzles 29 are each directed approximately centrally against the transverse web 26 of a bar 24 of the jet body 15.
  • Each nozzle 29 is directed against an indentation 27 in the transverse web 26.
  • the nozzles 29 in a gas-permeable non-woven fabric 30 are made of a heat-resistant material embedded.
  • the non-woven fabric 30 formed by high-temperature resistant ceramic fibers acts as an insulating layer for the nozzle plate 28 and prevented so that it is damaged by the high temperatures in the combustion chamber 14.
  • the diameter of a nozzle 29 is 1.5 mm - 4 mm.
  • Ceramic burner plate 12 shown contains the nozzle plate 28 comparatively few passages for the gas-air mixture. There are about 1500 - 2500 openings (nozzles 29) per m 2 of the area of the nozzle plate 28.
  • FIGS. 13 to 16 a further embodiment of an infrared emitter according to the invention is shown, in which the jet body is constructed from a plurality of juxtaposed beam elements 31.
  • FIG. 13 a view is shown on the back of the radiator housing 11, wherein the hood 16 and the burner plate 12 are partially not shown to allow a view from the inside of the radiator.
  • the radiator housing 11 is completed at its infrared radiation emitting front of a metal grid 32 made of a refractory metal, in which a plurality of radiation elements 31 are mounted.
  • Each radiating element 31 is made of the above-described high-temperature resistant material containing more than 50% by weight of MoSi 2 as a main component. It consists of an approximately square disc 33 with lateral hooks 34, with which it can be hung in the grid 32.
  • the radiating elements 21 are suspended in the grid 32 in such a way that the discs 33 form an incidence surface for the flames parallel to the burner plate 12, which is interrupted only by passage openings between the individual discs 33.
  • the inner portion of each disc 33 is slightly arched outwardly to increase the area of incidence of the flames.
  • the infrared emitters according to the invention are particularly suitable for drying web-like materials at high web speeds.
  • a preferred field of application is the drying of running board or paper webs in paper mills, for example behind coating devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

On connaît des émetteurs de rayons infrarouges se présentant sous la forme de radiateurs plans comportant un corps rayonnant (15) qui, sur sa face arrière, est chauffé par un mélange fluide-air en combustion, et dont la face avant émet les rayons infrarouges. Selon l'invention, le corps rayonnant (15) est constitué d'un matériau résistant à des chaleurs élevées qui contient plus de 50 % en poids d'un siliciure métallique, de préférence de siliciure de molybdène (MoSi2) ou de siliciure de tungstène (WSi2).

Claims (21)

  1. Emetteur infrarouge plan avec un corps émetteur (15), qui est chauffé sur sa face arrière par un mélange fluide-air en combustion et dont la face avant émet le rayonnement infrarouge, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est fabriqué en un matériau résistant à la forte chaleur, qui contient plus de 50 % en poids d'un siliciure métallique.
  2. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau contient plus de 50 % en poids de disiliciure de molybdène (MoSi2).
  3. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau contient plus de 50 % en poids de disiliciure de tungstène (WSi2).
  4. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du corps émetteur (15) contient de l'oxyde de silicium (SiO2) comme autre composant.
  5. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du corps émetteur (15) contient de l'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2) comme autre composant.
  6. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du corps émetteur (15) contient du carbure de silicium (SiC) comme autre composant.
  7. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) se compose d'un bloc, qui comporte une multiplicité de canaux traversants (21).
  8. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est composé d'une série de plaques disposées à distance l'une de l'autre.
  9. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est composé de plusieurs tubes (22) ou barreaux disposés à distance l'un de l'autre, qui sont fixés par leurs extrémités chaque fois dans un cadre (20) sur le boîtier d'émetteur (11).
  10. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est composé de plusieurs barrettes (24) disposées à distance l'une de l'autre, qui présentent des faces d'impact pour les flammes.
  11. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les barrettes (24) présentent respectivement une section transversale en forme de U ou de H, avec une âme transversale (26) formant la face d'impact et des ailes (25) dirigées vers l'extérieur.
  12. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les âmes transversales (26) des barrettes (24) présentent des creux (27) dirigés à l'encontre des flammes.
  13. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est composé de barrettes profilées en cornières (24) comportant chaque fois deux ailes.
  14. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les deux ailes d'une barrette (24) présentent un angle compris entre 30° et 150°.
  15. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les barrettes (24) sont réalisées en forme de demi-coquille.
  16. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) est composé d'au moins deux couches de barrettes (24) placées l'une au-dessus de l'autre, dans lequel les barrettes d'une couche sont disposées en position décalée par rapport aux barrettes de l'autre couche.
  17. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps émetteur (15) se compose d'éléments émetteurs individuels (31), qui sont suspendus dans une grille (32) fixée au boîtier (11).
  18. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les éléments émetteurs présentent en partie la forme d'un disque (33) et sont suspendus dans la grille (32) de telle manière qu'ils forment une surface d'impact pour les flammes, qui est fermée jusqu'à des ouvertures de passage.
  19. Emetteur infrarouge selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18 avec une barrière perméable aux gaz, délimitant la chambre de combustion (14), caractérisé en ce que la barrière se compose d'une plaque à buses (28), dans laquelle une série de buses tubulaires (29) sont insérées, qui sont noyées dans un tissu de fibres (30) perméable aux gaz, formé de fibres céramiques sur le côté de la chambre de combustion.
  20. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la plaque à buses (28) et les buses (29) sont fabriquées en un métal résistant à la forte chaleur.
  21. Emetteur infrarouge selon la revendication 19 ou 20, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures de sortie de chaque buse (29) sont dirigées vers des faces d'impact formées par des parties du corps émetteur (15).
EP03709604A 2002-02-12 2003-02-11 Emetteur infrarouge plan Expired - Lifetime EP1476697B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10205922 2002-02-12
DE10205922 2002-02-12
DE10222450A DE10222450A1 (de) 2002-02-12 2002-05-22 Als Flächenstrahler ausgebildeter Infrarot-Strahler
DE10222450 2002-05-22
PCT/DE2003/000387 WO2003069224A1 (fr) 2002-02-12 2003-02-11 Emetteurs de rayons infrarouges se presentant sous la forme de radiateurs plans

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1476697A1 EP1476697A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
EP1476697B1 true EP1476697B1 (fr) 2010-10-20

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EP03709604A Expired - Lifetime EP1476697B1 (fr) 2002-02-12 2003-02-11 Emetteur infrarouge plan

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7038227B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1476697B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2475915A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003069224A1 (fr)

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US8274064B2 (en) * 2007-12-07 2012-09-25 The General Hospital Corporation System and apparatus for dermatological treatment
WO2011057897A1 (fr) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Nv Bekaert Sa Brûleur radiant à écrans multiples
IT1400045B1 (it) * 2010-05-25 2013-05-17 Rude Srl Dispositivo per un riscaldamento ambientale a raggi infrarossi.
DE202013102109U1 (de) * 2012-07-03 2013-10-10 Ulrich Dreizler Brenner mit einer Oberflächenverbrennung
US9676246B2 (en) * 2014-01-13 2017-06-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Systems for improving climate comfort for rear vehicle passengers
US20170074509A1 (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-16 Green Air Burner Systems, LLC Hydrocarbon Burner
EP3598000B1 (fr) * 2018-07-20 2021-04-28 Solaronics Émetteur radiant à gaz comprenant un écran radiant
GB2599898A (en) * 2020-10-07 2022-04-20 Edwards Ltd Burner Liner
FR3117191B1 (fr) * 2020-12-03 2023-02-10 Solaronics Emetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge

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Publication number Publication date
EP1476697A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
US7038227B2 (en) 2006-05-02
US20050017203A1 (en) 2005-01-27
CA2475915A1 (fr) 2003-08-21
WO2003069224A1 (fr) 2003-08-21

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