EP1476528B1 - Procede de production de bougies a base d'huiles ou de graisses vegetales ou animales - Google Patents

Procede de production de bougies a base d'huiles ou de graisses vegetales ou animales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1476528B1
EP1476528B1 EP03742567A EP03742567A EP1476528B1 EP 1476528 B1 EP1476528 B1 EP 1476528B1 EP 03742567 A EP03742567 A EP 03742567A EP 03742567 A EP03742567 A EP 03742567A EP 1476528 B1 EP1476528 B1 EP 1476528B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
starting material
approximately
fats
oils
press
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03742567A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1476528A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Tischendorf
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/02—Apparatus for preparation thereof
    • C11C5/021—Apparatus for preparation thereof by compressing solid materials in a mould without heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B15/00—Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/002—Ingredients

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of candles, consisting of a starting material which contains at least partially fats and / or oils and optionally additives, such as dyes, are added, wherein the starting material in a liquid phase to a cooling medium, for example to a Roll cooler or in a spray tower, sprayed and transferred into a solid phase and then pressed in a pressing operation to form a compact.
  • a cooling medium for example to a Roll cooler or in a spray tower
  • the starting material contains, for example, 50% hardened palm oil and 50% paraffin.
  • the starting material which then has finely crystalline and coarsely crystalline structures, there is the problem of segregation of finely crystalline and coarsely crystalline portions during the processing of the starting material.
  • a fuel for a candle which consists of vegetable oils or fats, wherein this starting material flame-coloring substances such as strontium, copper, barium, sodium or the like are added.
  • the starting material may consist of 80% rapeseed oil and 20% sunflower oil.
  • DE 42 42 509 A1 relates to a grave and sacrificial light from a vessel filled with fuel and a wick therein.
  • the vessel consists of a biodegradable substance with a fire retardant additive.
  • the fuel or raw material itself is made from natural fats / oils, with the wick made of cotton.
  • a solid pressed from granules is provided, the granules may consist of a combination of vegetable and / or animal oils / fats, such as fish oil, rapeseed oil and palm fat.
  • composition should be chosen so that the burning properties as well as possible and beyond the mechanical properties of the granules in terms of elasticity and plasticity are favorable for the subsequent pressing.
  • a method for producing the granules having the specified properties nothing can be inferred from this prior art.
  • DE-AS 11 91 507 discloses a process for the preparation of oil candles in which vegetable oils, which are subjected to a curing process and optionally mixed with other vegetable oils, are used as starting material for the candle.
  • vegetable oils are used, of which about 80% are cured by hydrogenation and about 20% are liquid.
  • soybean, corn, peanut, cottonseed, sesame or palm oil are processed.
  • This starting material is melted and mixed and then poured into a container by means of a metering machine. Therefore, it is provided that the candle compound is filled in a first operation only up to 8/10 or 9/10 of the height of the container and added after solidification of the starting material, the rest of candle mass.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for the production of candles or thermal storage material in which can be dispensed with the use of paraffins or stearins, the candles can be produced with high process reliability in the pressing process.
  • the object is essentially achieved in that the starting material contains only oils and / or fats, the oils and / or fats are cured and are transferred to the cooling medium in a substantially homogeneous, crystalline, preferably coarsely crystalline, structure.
  • the method according to the invention there are no segregation problems, since as starting material 100% fat or oil is used in the mixture only fat / fat mixtures from the same class of substances, in particular refined and cured in different degrees, is included.
  • the fact that the starting material is transferred to the cooling medium in a substantially homogeneous, crystalline, preferably coarsely crystalline structure ensured that this starting material in the spray / pressing process can be processed very easily and easily, since bonds on the Roll cooler and the occurrence of fat conglomerates or fat lumps are avoided in the other transport routes.
  • the optionally purified oils and / or fats are refined, preferably in the range from crude to are fully refined and / or preferably hardened differently, and have an iodine value of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 10. Due to these measures it is ensured that specific changes in the starting material are made by appropriate refining and hydrogenation, so that the starting material can be transferred to the spray roller in a homogeneous coarsely crystalline structure and then transport via transport systems, such as vacuum systems or gravity systems, easily and can also be processed in a downstream pressing device to a compact.
  • transport systems such as vacuum systems or gravity systems
  • the melting point of the starting material in the range of about 40 ° C to about 80 ° C, preferably between about 44 ° C and 68 ° C.
  • the starting material contains a mixture of substances of a single class of substance, for example oils or fats, which effectively counteracts any subsequent segregation during the production process.
  • the starting material is a substance or substance mixture which is a vegetable or animal oil or fat, also called renewable raw materials, and can be natural from the group of soybean oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, thistle oil or the like , vegetable fats or oils, animal fats or oils such as fish oil or the like.
  • the starting material is prepared and provided so that it has a steep melt shoulder.
  • the starting material with the cooling medium in particular the roller cooler, is transferred into a dry, crystalline structure which is absorbent and compressible.
  • the starting material in a heated tank in the temperature range of about 65 ° C to about 85 ° C held or transferred in the liquid phase and optionally circulated by means of a stirrer and a preferably heated line by means of a metering pump or the like is supplied to a pre-melt basin.
  • one or more additives are added to the starting material in the pre-melt basin by means of an adding device.
  • a dye or, for example, palm kernel fat in a ratio of 1% to 50% can be added to the starting material in the liquid phase in the premelting tank, whereby the adhesion force of the subsequent compact can be improved.
  • the starting material from the pre-melt with a spray temperature in the range of about 64 ° C to 80 ° C with positive pressure on the cooling medium, in particular the roller cooler is sprayed.
  • the cooling medium in particular the roller cooler is held according to another embodiment of the invention advantageously by means of a cooling device at a temperature in the range of about 4 ° C to about 12 ° C.
  • the roller cooler has a rotational speed of about 4 to 12 revolutions / minute with a diameter of the roller of about 1.5 m.
  • the starting material is transported in the crystalline, cooled state of the cooling medium by means of a vibrating plate or the like transport device to a material collection and conveyed by a conveyor from the sump to a pressing device.
  • the conveyor device can be designed as a gravity conveyor, in which case the pressing device is arranged below the collecting container and the granulated crystalline, cooled starting material passes under the effect of gravity from the collecting container into the pressing device.
  • the conveyor alternatively as a vacuum conveyor, in which case the present as granules cooled, crystalline starting material is promoted by means of negative pressure to the pressing device.
  • the pressing device processes the crystalline starting material preferably at pressures in the range of about 80 bar to about 150 bar to compacts.
  • the invention also relates to a paraffin and stearin-free candle according to claim 20, prepared by the spraying / pressing method according to any one of claims 1-19.
  • the starting material for the candle is prepared according to one or more of the aforementioned process steps, wherein the already mentioned, renewable animal or vegetable substances can be used alone or in mixture.
  • the wick has a very short afterglow phase and is preferably 20- to 24-thread formed.
  • the single figure shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the starting material is transferred in a tank 14 with a heater 28 in the liquid phase or, in the case that the material already passes liquid into the tank 14, held in the liquid phase and optionally mixed with a stirrer. From the tank 14, the starting material in the liquid phase via a line 18, which is optionally heated by a heater 30, fed to a metering pump 20 and enters a pre-melt basin 22 a.
  • an additive for example a dye or also another oil or fat, can be added to the liquid starting material present in the premelting tank 22.
  • the starting material, to which additives are optionally added is sprayed by means of a spraying device onto a cooling medium 10, which in the present exemplary embodiment is designed as a roller cooler 12. It is understood that the cooling medium 10 may for example also be a spray tower.
  • the starting material After cooling of the starting material and conversion into a homogeneous, coarsely crystalline state of the solidified starting material is transferred by means of a vibrating plate 32 in a collection container. From this collecting container, the starting material is conveyed in the form of a cooled, coarsely crystalline granulate by means of a conveying device 34 to a pressing device 36.
  • the conveyor 34 may be formed as a vacuum conveyor 40, in which case the starting material is conveyed via lines under vacuum to the pressing device 36.
  • the lines of the vacuum conveyor 40 as well as the cooling medium 10 and the roller cooler 12 can be cooled by means of a cooling device 26.
  • the conveyor 34 may also, as shown in phantom in the lower portion of Figure 1, be designed as a gravity conveyor 38, in which case the starting material from the reservoir 44 is conveyed under the action of gravity via a line to the pressing device 36 and an input-side reservoir.
  • the pressing device 36 is followed by a Eindochtvoriques and other processing devices and finally a packaging device 42 at.
  • starting materials find homogeneous, high-melting crude hardening or fully refind fractions of vegetable or animal fats or oils application with a minimization of the otherwise usual melt shoulder, for example, 1 to 10% palm kernel fat are used to improve the adhesion of the compact.
  • the melting temperature can range from 42 ° C to about 72 ° C.
  • the pressing temperatures and the pressing pressures as well as the running speed of the press can be varied accordingly.
  • the press punches can be prepared accordingly and the Einfädler Anthony be adapted during Eindochtens.
  • the roller cooler can be slowed down compared to conventional starting materials, the speed or remain constant.
  • rape and palm oils are used with a melting point of 44 ° C to 68 ° C, some 80 ° C of crude to Vollraffinat and the respective degrees of cure.
  • the material is processed by refining and hydrogenation to the desired degree of hardness.
  • the starting material rapeseed and / or palm oil can be mixed in a ratio of 1% up to 50% palm kernel fat.
  • the liquid hardened pure fat is transported in the temperature range of about 65 ° C to about 85 ° C via heated lines 18 from the heated tank 14 by means of a metering pump 20 to the pre-melter 22.
  • additives such as dyes or other fats can be added to the starting material by means of an adding device 24.
  • the starting material crystallizes by cooling coarse, demixing problems do not occur because usually oils or greases of a class of substances are used.
  • a vibrating plate 32 About a vibrating plate 32, the transport of the cooled, crystalline starting material to a collecting container 44, of which the starting material or the starting material by means of a conveyor 34, which may be formed either as a gravity conveyor 38 or vacuum conveyor 40, to a pressing device 36.
  • a vacuum conveyor 40 is the transported crystalline mass to the individual presses with a negative pressure of about 0.5 bar to about 4 bar and collected in one of the pressing device 36 associated collecting funnel 48.
  • the pressing tools are varied, for example by inserting spacers from above and / or from below to ensure the same or changed pressures from above and / or below.
  • the pressing tools as well as the mold are heated to improve the surface finish and the adherence of the compact.
  • the compact is guided via a rail system to the appropriately adapted Einfädler, there drilled, further processed and then packaged in a packaging device 42.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de bougies, constituées d'une substance de départ comportant exclusivement des graisses et/ou des huiles, à laquelle substance sont ajoutés éventuellement des additifs tels que des colorants, dans lequel la substance de départ en phase liquide est pulvérisée sur un support réfrigérant (10), par exemple sur un dispositif de refroidissement à tambour (12) ou dans une tour de pulvérisation, et est transformée en phase solide, puis comprimée dans un dispositif de compression en une pièce moulée, où les huiles et/ou les graisses sont raffinées et/ou hydrogénées, présentent un indice d'iode de < 1 à < 10, sont durcies et transformées sur le support réfrigérant (10) en une structure sensiblement homogène, cristalline, de préférence à cristaux grossiers.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les huiles et/ou les graisses éventuellement purifiées sont raffinées, de préférence dans la plage allant des produits bruts aux produits complètement raffinés, et/ou différemment durcies.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le point de fusion de la substance de départ se situe dans la plage d'environ 40°C à environ 80°C, de préférence dans la plage d'environ 44°C à environ 68°C.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ contient un mélange de substances issues d'une classe de substances, par exemple des huiles ou des graisses.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ contient une substance ou un mélange de substances, qui est choisi(e) dans le groupe des huiles de soja, de palme, de coeur de palmier, de colza, de lin, de tournesol, de chardon ou des graisses ou des huiles naturelles similaires végétales, animales, comme l'huile de poisson.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ possède un épaulement de fusion abrupt.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ est transformée, à l'aide du support réfrigérant (10), en particulier du dispositif de refroidissement à tambour (12), en une structure cristalline sèche, qui est absorbante et moulable.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on maintient ou on transforme la substance de départ en phase liquide dans un réservoir chauffé (14) dans une plage de températures d'environ 65°C à environ 85°C et, éventuellement, on la fait circuler au moyen d'un agitateur (16) et on l'achemine, via une conduite également de préférence chauffée (18), au moyen d'une pompe de dosage (20) ou analogue, vers un bac de première fusion (22).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à la substance de départ dans le bac de première fusion (22) au moyen d'un dispositif d'addition (24) des additifs, en particulier des colorants et/ou des graisses ou des huiles.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ, issue du bac de première fusion (22), est pulvérisée à une température de pulvérisation d'environ 64°C à 80°C avec une surpression, sur le support réfrigérant (10), de préférence le dispositif de refroidissement à tambour (12).
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support réfrigérant (10), en particulier le dispositif de refroidissement à tambour (12), présente une température dans la plage d'environ 4°C à environ 12°C.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de refroidissement à tambour (12) présente une vitesse de rotation d'environ 4 à 12 tr/mn pour un diamètre de tambour d'environ 1 m à environ 2 m, de préférence d'environ 1,5 m.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la substance de départ est acheminée du support réfrigérant (10), à l'état cristallin refroidi, de préférence sous la forme de granulés, au moyen d'une plaque vibrante ou d'un dispositif de transport similaire, à un dispositif d'acheminement (34) et, de celui-ci, à un dispositif de moulage (36).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'acheminement (34) se présente sous la forme d'un dispositif d'acheminement par gravité (38).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'acheminement (34) se présente sous la forme d'un dispositif d'acheminement sous vide (40).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'acheminement sous vide (40) transporte la substance de départ cristalline avec une dépression de 0,5 à 4 bars vers le dispositif de moulage (36).
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'acheminement (34) se présente sous la forme d'un transporteur à vis sans fin.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de moulage (36) comprime le matériau de départ cristallin à des pressions d'environ 80 bars à environ 150 bars pour obtenir des pièces moulées.
  19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on incorpore une mèche à la pièce moulée, puis on la traite et éventuellement on la conditionne.
  20. Bougies sans paraffine ni stéarine fabriquées selon le procédé de pulvérisation/compression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, constituées d'une substance de départ, qui contient des graisses ou des huiles exclusivement végétales ou animales ainsi qu'éventuellement un colorant, les bougies se présentant sous la forme de bougies pour chauffe-plat, bougies votives, bougies coniques, bougies domestiques ou chandelles, les huiles ou les graisses étant raffinées et hydrogénées et présentant un indice d'iode de < 1 à < 10.
  21. Bougie selon la revendication 20, caractérisée en ce que la mèche possède une phase d'incandescence résiduelle très courte et est formée de préférence de 20 à 24 fils.
EP03742567A 2002-02-21 2003-02-21 Procede de production de bougies a base d'huiles ou de graisses vegetales ou animales Expired - Lifetime EP1476528B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10207258A DE10207258B4 (de) 2002-02-21 2002-02-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kerzen, bestehend aus pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ölen oder Fetten
DE10207258 2002-02-21
PCT/EP2003/001773 WO2003070865A1 (fr) 2002-02-21 2003-02-21 Procede de production de bougies a base d'huiles ou de graisses vegetales ou animales

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1476528A1 EP1476528A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
EP1476528B1 true EP1476528B1 (fr) 2006-09-27

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EP03742567A Expired - Lifetime EP1476528B1 (fr) 2002-02-21 2003-02-21 Procede de production de bougies a base d'huiles ou de graisses vegetales ou animales

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7601184B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1476528B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE340841T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10207258B4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2321621C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003070865A1 (fr)

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DE19516244A1 (de) * 1995-05-03 1996-11-07 Harald Neumueller Brennstoff sowie Öllampe, Kerze, Feuerzeug und Feuerstab zum Verbrennen des Brennstoffes
TW373019B (en) * 1995-09-13 1999-11-01 Gou-Lung Lin Supplement to the process for producing light candle
DE19601521B4 (de) * 1996-01-17 2005-03-31 Schümann Sasol Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wachsartigen Stoffes und wachsartiger Stoff zur Kerzenherstellung
US6019804A (en) 1997-11-25 2000-02-01 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Compression-molded candle product
US6599334B1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2003-07-29 Jill M. Anderson Soybean wax candles
US6503285B1 (en) * 2001-05-11 2003-01-07 Cargill, Inc. Triacylglycerol based candle wax
US20030046860A1 (en) 2001-08-02 2003-03-13 Archer Daniels Midland Co. Vegetable fat-based candles

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DE10207258A1 (de) 2003-09-11
ATE340841T1 (de) 2006-10-15
RU2004128080A (ru) 2005-04-20
DE50305176D1 (de) 2006-11-09
EP1476528A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
US20050095545A1 (en) 2005-05-05
RU2321621C2 (ru) 2008-04-10
WO2003070865A1 (fr) 2003-08-28
DE10207258B4 (de) 2005-12-22
US7601184B2 (en) 2009-10-13

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