EP1466764A1 - Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler l'air sortant d'un système d'air conditionné - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler l'air sortant d'un système d'air conditionné Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1466764A1
EP1466764A1 EP03100958A EP03100958A EP1466764A1 EP 1466764 A1 EP1466764 A1 EP 1466764A1 EP 03100958 A EP03100958 A EP 03100958A EP 03100958 A EP03100958 A EP 03100958A EP 1466764 A1 EP1466764 A1 EP 1466764A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air flow
hvac system
air
discharge temperature
hot
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
EP03100958A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Julien Quilliard
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority to EP03100958A priority Critical patent/EP1466764A1/fr
Publication of EP1466764A1 publication Critical patent/EP1466764A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
    • B60H1/00835—Damper doors, e.g. position control
    • B60H1/00842—Damper doors, e.g. position control the system comprising a plurality of damper doors; Air distribution between several outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/0073—Control systems or circuits characterised by particular algorithms or computational models, e.g. fuzzy logic or dynamic models

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a method and a device for controlling the air discharge temperature of an HVAC system. Especially, the present invention relates to automotive HVAC systems.
  • HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
  • HVAC systems use means for controlling the hot and cold air flows, such as valves, pivotable flaps, or blend doors.
  • By controlling the positions of the means the restrictions in the cold and in the hot air flow channels of the ducts of the HVAC system can be controlled. For instance, increasing the restriction in a hot air flow channel will reduce the proportion of hot air flow in the total air flow in a duct and, therefore, will decrease the discharge temperature of this duct. Hence, varying the positions of the means leads to a change in the discharge temperature.
  • the means for controlling the hot and cold air flows are actuated using electrical actuators controlled by an electronic controller.
  • These systems make it possible for occupants of the vehicle or for an automatic comfort control system to set the discharge temperature target in order to maintain the vehicles interior comfort conditions.
  • the control system of an HVAC system calculates the positions of the means which lead to the targeted discharge temperature.
  • a closed-loop algorithm using discharge temperature sensors placed in ducts of the HVAC system calculates the positions.
  • Fig. 7 shows a prior art system for controlling an HVAC module 102 of an HVAC system.
  • the system applies a closed-loop algorithm and comprises a temperature sensor 100 which is placed in a duct of the HVAC system and measures the discharge temperature.
  • the measured discharge temperature is compared with a discharge temperature target 105 by a comparison element 104.
  • a discharge temperature error resulting from the comparison is supplied to a closed loop controller 106 employing a PID control algorithm.
  • the controller 106 sets a valve or blend door positioned in the duct using a closed-loop algorithm.
  • This closed loop algorithm using duct sensors reliably controls the temperature in single zone and multi-zones HVAC systems, but it requires several sensors.
  • the overall cost of the HVAC system is increased. This cost increase is significant on multi-zones HVAC systems, as the number of ducts increases with the number of zones and, therefore, many sensors have to be employed.
  • FIG. 8 shows a system which comprises a processing element 108 which processes the discharge temperature target 105, the evaporator temperature 107, and the heater-core temperature 109.
  • the processing element 108 calculates an air flow mixing ratio depending on received values which is mapped to a respective valve or blend door position by a table 110.
  • the resulting valve or blend door position is supplied as a control signal to a valve or blend door of the HVAC module 102.
  • the air discharge temperature can be estimated based on a valve or blend door position, the temperature of the heat exchangers, and the speed of a blower of the HVAC system, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,937,940.
  • This solution operates without any discharge temperature sensor.
  • the discharge temperature in one zone depends not only on the valve position and the blower speed, but also on the discharge temperature and the air flow distribution of other zones. Since all ducts of the HVAC system are connected to common heat exchangers, particularly to a heater-core and evaporator, a change of air flow in one zone will impact the air flow in the other zones and as a consequence will affect the discharge temperature of all zones.
  • FIG. 9A shows a dual zone HVAC module 112 with two blend doors 114 and 116.
  • the front blend door 114 controls the front discharge temperature and the rear blend door 116 controls the rear discharge temperature.
  • the front blend door 114 is positioned so that a front air flow 118 flows through a heater-core 120 to a front zone 124 of the HVAC module 112.
  • the rear blend door 116 is in an intermediate position so that only a small amount 122 of a rear air flow 128 goes through the heater-core 120 to a rear zone 126 of the HVAC module 112. As a consequence, the temperature of the rear air flow 122 is relatively low.
  • Fig. 9A shows a dual zone HVAC module 112 with two blend doors 114 and 116.
  • the front blend door 114 controls the front discharge temperature
  • the rear blend door 116 controls the rear discharge temperature.
  • the front blend door 114 is positioned so that a front air flow 118 flows through a heater-core 120 to a front zone 124 of the HVAC module 112.
  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the air discharge temperature of an HVAC system.
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the air discharge temperature of an automotive multi-zones HVAC system that uses a physics based model of the HVAC system.
  • the HVAC system comprises means for controlling air flows, such as flaps, blend doors, or valves.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the advantage of the present invention is to provide a method to control the air discharge temperature which does not require the usage of duct sensors. Furthermore, the method can solve the temperature control complexity on HVAC systems comprising multiple zones at lower costs, particularly material and development costs, compared to the prior art methods. Also, the method according to the invention requires less tests and calibrations than the methods known in the prior art. Finally, the method according to the invention is more reliable, since it does not employ duct sensors, harness, and electrical connections of duct sensors.
  • the calculation of the air flows and pressures inside the HVAC system comprises the following steps:
  • a physical model which can be implemented with small expenditure, is used for the calculation of the air flow targets from discharge temperature targets.
  • the step of calculating air flow targets from discharge temperature targets comprises the calculation of the amount of a hot and cold air flow through hot and cold channels of each zone.
  • the system of equations defining the pressure-air flow model of the HVAC system is solved using a recursive algorithm, particularly a dichotomy algorithm.
  • the positions of the means for controlling air flows are calculated from the restriction coefficients according to a predefined relation between a restriction coefficient and a position for each one of the means.
  • the predefined relation has the advantage that it does not require the solving of equations. For example, it can be implemented by a look-up table, stored in a memory element of the HVAC system.
  • a device for controlling the air discharge temperature of an HVAC system which comprises means for controlling air flows.
  • the device is adapted to implement the method according to invention and comprises heat exchange model means adapted to generate air flow target signals by calculating air flows and pressures inside the HVAC system based on discharge temperature targets signals and a physical model of the HVAC system.
  • the device comprises air flow model means adapted to generate control signals based on the air flow target signals received from the heat exchange model means. The control signals actuate the means for controlling air flows in order to control the air discharge temperature of the HVAC system.
  • the device comprises memory means storing a computer program adapted to implement the heat exchange model means and the air flow model means and processing means.
  • the processing means are adapted to execute the computer program, to process the discharge temperature targets signals, and to generate the control signals.
  • the memory means can be re-programmed, the computer program can easily be updated. Also, it is possible to replace the memory means in order to update the computer program. Such an implementation is very flexible.
  • the device comprises a hard-wired logic adapted to implement the heat exchange model means and the air flow model means, to process the discharge temperature targets signals, and to generate the control signals.
  • the computer program or the hard-wired logic preferably comprise a table or function which contain a predefined relation between a restriction coefficient and a position for each one of the means for controlling air flows.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a model based control device 10 for controlling an HVAC module 12.
  • the control device 10 and the module 12 are parts of an automotive HVAC system.
  • the model based control device 10 receives a discharge temperature target 14 set by occupants of a vehicle, which includes the HVAC system, or an automatic comfort control system.
  • the control device 10 comprises an heat exchange model 16 and an HVAC air flow model 18. Both models 16 and 18 are implemented in software, which is processed by a microprocessor or micro-controller.
  • the heat exchange model 16 calculates air flow targets 20 from the discharge temperature target 14 based on temperature-air flow model data of an heat exchange of the HVAC system.
  • the calculated air flow targets 20 are processed by the HVAC air flow model 18 in that it calculates a blend door position 22 from the supplied air flow targets 20 based on pressure and air flow model data of the HVAC system. Then, the HVAC module 12 is provided with the calculated blend door position 22 in order to adjust the blend door for controlling the air discharge temperature of the HVAC system.
  • the blend door serves as a means for controlling an air flow in the HVAC system.
  • the method implemented by the models 16 and 18 of the control device 10 of Fig. 1 includes the steps of:
  • Fig. 2 shows a physical model as it is implemented in the model based control device 10 in detail.
  • the physical model is used in a tri-zone HVAC system, which comprises a left, right, and rear zone. Each zone comprises at least one blend door or any other means to control the air flow through heat exchangers of the HVAC system. Each of the blend doors or means is actuated and can be controlled by a control system, which comprises an electronic controller.
  • the HVAC system includes an heater-core and an evaporator or any other means to heat or to refresh the air flowing through the heater-core or evaporator, respectively.
  • the HVAC system can include mode position feedback to the control system, re-circulation position feedback and blower speed feedback.
  • the physical model of Fig. 2 is based on a blend door open loop position control of the tri-zone HVAC system.
  • the model comprises temperature models 24, 26, and 28, mode restriction models 30, 32, and 34, valve restriction models 36, 38, and 40 for the left, right, and rear zone, respectively.
  • the core component of the physical model is formed by an air flow and pressure model 42.
  • Each temperature model 24, 26, and 28 is supplied with the evaporator temperature and the heater-core temperature, measured with temperature sensors located at the evaporator and heater-core. Further, each temperature model 24, 26, and 28 is provided with a left, right, or rear zone discharge temperature target, respectively. These targets are set by occupants of a vehicle or an automatic comfort control system.
  • the temperature models 24, 26, and 28 calculate air flow targets for each zone.
  • Each of the mode restriction models 30, 32, and 34 is provided with a left, right, and rear zone mode, respectively.
  • the mode restriction models 30, 32, and 34 calculate mode restriction coefficients for each zone.
  • the air flow and pressure model 42 processes the air flow targets and the mode restrictions coefficients in that it calculates from the supplied values blend door restriction coefficients for each zone.
  • the three calculated blend door restriction coefficients are then processed by the respective valve restriction models 36, 38, and 40 in that with each coefficient a respective blend door position is calculated.
  • the blend door position serves to adjust a respective blend door of an HVAC module 44 of the tri-zone HVAC system.
  • Fig. 4 shows a temperature model of a duct 46 comprising an adjustable blend door 48 of an HVAC system.
  • the duct 46 comprises an hot air channel 50 and a cold air channel 52.
  • the air flow Q_hot through the hot air channel 50 has a temperature T_hot and the air flow Q_cold through the cold air channel 52 has a temperature T_cold.
  • Both air flows are mixed wherein the blend door 48 controls the air flow mixing ratio.
  • the resulting air flow Q_mixed has a temperature T_mixed which essentially corresponds to the air discharge temperature of a zone supplied by that duct 46.
  • the control of the discharge temperature of the duct 46 is based on the energy balance principle.
  • T_mixed can be defined as the discharge temperature target.
  • T_cold is essentially determined by a evaporator temperature that can be measured by a temperature sensor.
  • T_hot is essentially determined by a heater-core temperature that can be estimated from the water-coolant temperature and the air flow through the heater-core.
  • Q_mixed is the total air flow that can be estimated from the blower speed and the air distribution position.
  • Fig. 3. shows a pressure and air flow model of a tri-zone HVAC system using Bond-graph representation.
  • P_evaporator-P_heater-core R_heater-core*Q_heater-core 2
  • P_evaporator-P_Left_mixing R_Left_coid*Q_Left_cold 2
  • P_heater-core-P_Left_mixing R_Left_hot * Q_Left hot 2
  • P_Left_mixing-P_cabin R_Left_mode*(Q_Left_hot + Q_Left_cold) 2
  • P_evaporator-P_Right_mixing R_Right_cold*Q_Right_cold 2 P_heater-core-P_R
  • the method calculates each blend door position according to the relation presented in Fig. 6.
  • the invention proposes a model based approach for controlling the air discharge temperature of an HVAC system.
  • a numerical model can continuously calculate the air flows and pressures inside the HVAC system, particularly in a HVAC module of the HVAC system.
  • This approach has the advantage that it can be applied to multi-zone HVAC systems. Further, it requires less material and development cost than the prior art methods for the air discharge temperature of an HVAC system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
EP03100958A 2003-04-10 2003-04-10 Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler l'air sortant d'un système d'air conditionné Ceased EP1466764A1 (fr)

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EP03100958A EP1466764A1 (fr) 2003-04-10 2003-04-10 Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler l'air sortant d'un système d'air conditionné

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EP03100958A EP1466764A1 (fr) 2003-04-10 2003-04-10 Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler l'air sortant d'un système d'air conditionné

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3118034A1 (fr) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-18 Mahle International GmbH Procédé de régulation de l'évacuation d'air conditionné en température
EP3144166A1 (fr) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-22 Mahle International GmbH Module de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation avec commande anti-retour et procédé de fonctionnement
CN107176006A (zh) * 2016-03-11 2017-09-19 上汽通用汽车有限公司 一种调节车内空气循环的智能控制器
US9776471B2 (en) 2014-05-20 2017-10-03 Mahle International Gmbh Method of controlling the discharge of temperature-conditioned air
US9879870B2 (en) 2015-04-14 2018-01-30 Mahle International Gmbh HVAC module with anti-backflow control and method of operation
US10759326B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2020-09-01 Carrier Corporation Method for determining reduced airflow in transport refrigeration system
WO2021127465A1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Valeo North America, Inc. Ensemble de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation (cvc) pour fournir différents flux d'air mélangés à des emplacements correspondants à l'intérieur d'un véhicule à moteur et son procédé de gestion

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5937940A (en) 1993-06-30 1999-08-17 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predicting air discharge temperature in a control system which controls an automotive HVAC system
US6123146A (en) * 1996-10-31 2000-09-26 Valeo Electronique Air conditioning installation with an external temperature estimator, especially for a motor vehicle
US6173902B1 (en) * 1997-06-09 2001-01-16 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and system for controlling an automotive HVAC system based on the principle of HVAC work
US20020014331A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-07 Ian Bendell Heating and air-conditioning system for a motor vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5937940A (en) 1993-06-30 1999-08-17 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predicting air discharge temperature in a control system which controls an automotive HVAC system
US6123146A (en) * 1996-10-31 2000-09-26 Valeo Electronique Air conditioning installation with an external temperature estimator, especially for a motor vehicle
US6173902B1 (en) * 1997-06-09 2001-01-16 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and system for controlling an automotive HVAC system based on the principle of HVAC work
US20020014331A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-07 Ian Bendell Heating and air-conditioning system for a motor vehicle

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9776471B2 (en) 2014-05-20 2017-10-03 Mahle International Gmbh Method of controlling the discharge of temperature-conditioned air
US9879870B2 (en) 2015-04-14 2018-01-30 Mahle International Gmbh HVAC module with anti-backflow control and method of operation
EP3118034A1 (fr) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-18 Mahle International GmbH Procédé de régulation de l'évacuation d'air conditionné en température
CN106347062A (zh) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-25 马勒国际有限公司 用于控制温度调节的空气的排放的方法
CN106347062B (zh) * 2015-07-17 2021-01-08 马勒国际有限公司 用于控制温度调节的空气的排放的方法
EP3144166A1 (fr) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-22 Mahle International GmbH Module de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation avec commande anti-retour et procédé de fonctionnement
CN107176006A (zh) * 2016-03-11 2017-09-19 上汽通用汽车有限公司 一种调节车内空气循环的智能控制器
US10759326B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2020-09-01 Carrier Corporation Method for determining reduced airflow in transport refrigeration system
WO2021127465A1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Valeo North America, Inc. Ensemble de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation (cvc) pour fournir différents flux d'air mélangés à des emplacements correspondants à l'intérieur d'un véhicule à moteur et son procédé de gestion
US11241931B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-02-08 Valeo North America, Inc. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) assembly for supplying different mixed air flows simultaneously and method for managing the same

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