EP1450013B1 - Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine mit einem solchen Aktuator - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine mit einem solchen Aktuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1450013B1
EP1450013B1 EP04300086A EP04300086A EP1450013B1 EP 1450013 B1 EP1450013 B1 EP 1450013B1 EP 04300086 A EP04300086 A EP 04300086A EP 04300086 A EP04300086 A EP 04300086A EP 1450013 B1 EP1450013 B1 EP 1450013B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
plate
actuator
valve
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04300086A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1450013A3 (de
EP1450013A2 (de
Inventor
Emmanuel Sedda
Christophe Fageon
Stéphane Guerin
Jean-Paul Yonnet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP1450013A2 publication Critical patent/EP1450013A2/de
Publication of EP1450013A3 publication Critical patent/EP1450013A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1450013B1 publication Critical patent/EP1450013B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/40—Methods of operation thereof; Control of valve actuation, e.g. duration or lift
    • F01L2009/4086—Soft landing, e.g. applying braking current; Levitation of armature close to core surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromechanical valve actuator for an internal combustion engine and to an internal combustion engine provided with such an actuator.
  • An electromechanical actuator 100 (FIG. 1) of valve 110 comprises mechanical means, such as springs 102 and 104, and electromagnetic means, such as electromagnets 106 and 108, for controlling the position of valve 110 by means of electrical signals. .
  • the tail of the valve 110 is applied against the rod 112 of a magnetic plate 114 located between the two electromagnets 106 and 108.
  • the simultaneous displacement of the rod 112 allows the spring 102 to place the valve 110 in the closed position, the head of the valve 110 coming against its seat 111 and preventing the exchange of gas between the inside and the outside of the cylinder 117.
  • the electromagnet 108 when a current flows in the coil 107 of the electromagnet 106, (the electromagnet 108 is deactivated), the latter is activated and attracts the plate 114 which comes into contact with it and moves the rod 112 by compressing the spring 102, using the spring 104, so that the rod 112 acts on the valve 110 and places it in the open position, the valve head being away from its seat 111 to allow, by For example, an admission or injection of gas into the cylinder 117. The valve is then in the so-called low position.
  • valve 110 and the plate 114 alternate fixed positions, said switched, with transient movements between these two positions.
  • the actuator 100 may be provided with magnets 118 (electromagnet 108) and 116 (electromagnet 106) intended to reduce the energy required to maintain the plate 114 in a switched position, that is to say in contact against one of the electromagnets.
  • Such electromagnets are hereinafter referred to as magnet electromagnets or polarized electromagnets.
  • the document US 6198370 discloses an electromechanical valve actuator for an internal combustion engine.
  • This actuator comprises a magnetic plate capable of moving between a high electromagnet and a low electromagnet.
  • the actuator according to US 6198370 comprises means so that the displacements of the plate are controlled in a conventional manner by the two electromagnets and the mechanical actions of return of the springs on the plate (see col 3 line 66 - col 4 line 9).
  • the displacements of the plate are therefore not “solely controlled by the first electromagnet and the mechanical return action so that the plate travels back and forth from the remote position.
  • the present invention overcomes at least one of these disadvantages. It results from the observation that the action exerted on a plate by an electromagnet can be controlled more precisely, and with a greater range, when this electromagnet is polarized, as explained below with the aid of FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows the forces F (ordinate axis 200, in Newton) exerted on a magnetic plate by a polarized electromagnet (curve 202 1 ) and by a unpolarized electromagnet (curve 206), fed by the same current, as a function of the air gap e (abscissa axis 208, in mm) separating the electromagnet from the plate.
  • the force exerted by a non-polarized electromagnet is non-linear, namely inversely proportional to the square of the air gap and proportional to the square of the intensity of the current supplying the electromagnet.
  • the variation of the force exerted by the polarized electromagnet is more linear than the variation of the force exerted by the unpolarized electromagnet, which allows a better control of this force during the displacement of the plate.
  • the present invention also results from the observation that the force exerted by a polarized electromagnet on a magnetic plate can compensate for the mechanical return force to which the latter is subjected even though this plate is remote from the electromagnet.
  • the force exerted by the electromagnet for different decreasing supply currents (curves 202 2 , 202 3 and 202 4 ) is determined, as is the mechanical force exerted by springs on the plate (curve 210). depending on the distance or gap between the latter and the electromagnet.
  • the force exerted by this electromagnet equal the mechanical force for an air gap lower than the value of the distribution set.
  • the invention results from the observation that keeping a valve in a switched position requires a large supply even though this maintenance is not necessary to carry out the steps of admission and / or exhaust of the gases to the cylinder.
  • the present invention relates to an electromechanical valve actuator for an internal combustion engine provided with a polarized electromagnet exerting a magnetic action on a magnetic plate subjected to a mechanical return action, this action being able to compensate the mechanical action and maintaining the plate in a position remote from the electromagnet, characterized in that the actuator comprises means for the displacements of the plate to be controlled solely by this electromagnet and the mechanical return action so that the plate travels -returns from the remote position
  • the contacts between the plate and the electromagnet are removed and the operation of the actuator causes a greatly reduced noise.
  • the actuator comprises means for the distance position of the plate to correspond to a open position of the valve.
  • the actuator comprises means for moving the remote plate away from the electromagnet by canceling or reversing the direction of the current supplying the electromagnet.
  • the tray is held at such a distance that the stem of the valve is spaced from a stem of the tray controlling this valve.
  • the plateau is of section smaller than the section of the extreme branches and / or less than half of the section of the branch.
  • the electromagnet being E-shaped, a magnet is fixed at the end of one of these branches, vis-à-vis the tray.
  • the mechanical return action is generated by at least one spring.
  • the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine provided with an electromechanical valve actuator of an internal combustion engine comprising a polarized electromagnet and a movable magnetic plate subjected to a mechanical return action.
  • the actuator is according to one of the preceding embodiments.
  • an actuator 301 comprises an electromagnet 300, E-shaped, and a magnetic plate 302 mobile in the vicinity of the electromagnet 300.
  • a magnetic circuit is formed, on the one hand, by the central branch 304, of section S c , and the end branches 306, of section S c / 2 , of the electromagnet 300 and, on the other hand, by the tray 302, section S p .
  • the polarized electromagnet can concentrate the magnetic flux it generates by reducing the section of its extreme branches 306 so that the central section S c of the electromagnet is greater than twice the section S c of the ends.
  • Such a concentration of flux makes it possible to obtain significant inductions in the gap with the use of weak residual field magnets, such as magnets formed of ferrite or composite materials.
  • section S p of the plate is equal to the section S c / 2 of the magnetic circuit so as to reduce the mass of the plate.
  • springs (not shown) of low stiffness can be used to control a limited mass plateau. Therefore, it reduces the power consumption required to move the tray.
  • Such an improvement of the control of the plate makes it possible, for example, to control the speed of approach of the plateau vis-a-vis electromagnet or change the switching times of the board.
  • the size of the electromagnet is no longer imposed in height by the section of the magnet.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d Various measurements relating to the operation of an actuator provided with two electromagnets such as the electromagnet 300 and a magnetic plate, such as the plate 302, are represented in FIGS. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d depending on whether this mode of operation is according to the invention ( Figures 4b and 4d) or not ( Figures 4a and 4c).
  • a first mode of operation called switching with docking, is described using Figure 4a.
  • the plate is located between two electromagnets successively activated in order to maintain this plate to their contact.
  • the plate switches between a first position x b minimum and a second position x h maximum respectively corresponding to the position of the plate in contact with the low electromagnet and the position of the plate in contact with the high electromagnet.
  • the speed v of the plate (axis 408) varies in accordance with this displacement so that, in contact with the low electromagnet or the high electromagnet, this speed is zero while it maximizes when the plate is substantially equidistant from these two electromagnets.
  • each electromagnet is powered by a current im holding.
  • FIG. 4b A second mode of operation of the actuator is described using Figure 4b. According to this mode, the control of the previously described plateau is carried out by means of successive activations of the electromagnets, as described by means of FIG. 4a, but the plate is kept remote from the electromagnets in accordance with the invention. Subsequently, the tray held remote by an electromagnet is said to levitate.
  • the minimum position x ' b of the plate has a value greater than the value x b that the plate had when the latter came into contact with the low electromagnet.
  • the low electromagnet keeps the remotely switched board levitated.
  • the high electromagnet keeps the plate near its vicinity so that the maximum position x ' h has a value lower than the value x h of the plate when the latter comes into contact with the high electromagnet (FIG. 4a).
  • a third mode of operation called ballistics with docking, is described using Figure 4c. According to this third mode, the displacements of the plateau situated between two electromagnets are controlled only by the activation of only one of these electromagnets as explained below.
  • the position x (axis 420, in mm) of the plate varies as a function of time (abscissa axis 422, in ms) from its first position x h maximum to a second position x b minimum corresponding, respectively, to the position of the platter in contact against the high electromagnet and at the position closest to the plate vis-à-vis the low electromagnet.
  • the plate makes a round trip from the high electromagnet so that its speed v (axis 424) increases when it tends towards the low electromagnet, then reverses when the plate moves away from this electromagnet low to return to the high electromagnet.
  • Such a ballistic control mode therefore allows, as shown along the axis 426, to require only the current supply ih of the high electromagnet to control the plate.
  • the ballistic control of the plate is combined with a levitation of the latter by the high electromagnet.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b represent the operation of an actuator 500 according to the invention, the plate 502 being kept remote from the electromagnets 504 and 506 in its switched high (FIG. 5a) or low (FIG. 5b) position.
  • the clearance 509 between the rod 508 of the plate and the rod 510 of the valve is kept at a low value by the high electromagnet 504 which holds the plate in levitation.
  • the contact between the valve stem and the platen shaft occurs at a slower speed than if the platen came into contact with the electromagnet, thereby reducing the noise of the electromagnet. contact.
  • the present invention is capable of many variants. For example, it is possible to have a magnet on the plate so that the latter generates a field maintaining the plate remote from the electromagnet.
  • the use of the invention makes it possible to use an inlet valve actuator separate from an exhaust valve actuator.
  • an intake valve actuator can be sized to provide a standard holding power since the cold holding of the valve is ensured by the removal of this maintenance.
  • the dimensions of the intake actuator can be reduced, thus reducing the mass and dimensions of the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektromechanisches Ventilbetätigungsglied (301; 500) für einen Verbrennungsmotor, mit einer Magnetplatte (302; 502), die sich zwischen einem ersten gepolten Elektromagneten (300; 504) und einem zweiten gepolten Elektromagneten (506) bewegen lässt, wobei
    - das Ventil geschlossen ist, wenn sich die Magnetplatte (302; 502) in der Nähe des ersten Elektromagneten (504) befindet, und geöffnet ist, wenn sich die Magnetplatte (302; 502) in der Nähe des zweiten Elektromagneten (506) befindet,
    - der erste Elektromagnet (504; 506) eine magnetische Wirkung auf die Magnetplatte (302; 502) ausübt, die einer mechanischen Rückstellwirkung durch eine Feder ausgesetzt ist,
    - diese magnetische Wirkung die mechanische Wirkung ausgleichen und die Magnetplatte (302; 502) in einer Position halten kann, in der sich die Magnetplatte in einem Magnetschwebezustand zu dem ersten Elektromagneten befindet, in welchem sich die Magnetplatte (302; 502) sehr nah an dem ersten Elektromagneten befindet, ohne jedoch mit diesem in Berührung zu kommen, da sie sich im Magnetschwebezustand zu diesem Elektromagneten befindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - das Ventilbetätigungsglied Mittel umfasst, um die Bewegungen der Magnetplatte (302; 502) ausschließlich durch den ersten Elektromagneten (504) und durch die mechanische Rückstellwirkung derart zu steuern, dass die Magnetplatte (302; 502) Hin- und Rückbewegungen ausgehend von der Position ausführt, in der sich die Magnetplatte (302; 502) im Magnetschwebezustand zu dem ersten Elektromagneten befindet,
    - der Strom, der durch den ersten Elektromagneten fließt, und die Federkonstante der Feder derart bemessen sind, dass die Geschwindigkeit (v) der Magnetplatte (302; 502) ansteigt, wenn sich die Magnetplatte zu dem zweiten Elektromagneten (506) hin bewegt, und dass, sobald die Magnetplatte (302; 502) ausreichend nahe dem zweiten Elektromagneten (506) ist, um das Ventil zu öffnen, die Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetplatte (302; 502) umgekehrt wird und sich damit die Magnetplatte (302; 502) von dem zweiten Elektromagneten (506) entfernt, um zum ersten Elektromagneten (504) zurückzukehren.
  2. Ventilbetätigungsglied nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel zum Entfernen der im Magnetschwebezustand zu dem ersten Elektromagneten (300; 504; 506) befindlichen Magnetplatte (302; 502), indem dessen Versorgungsstrom auf Null gebracht oder in seiner Richtung umgekehrt wird.
  3. Ventilbetätigungsglied nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Magnetplatte (302; 502) in einem derartigen Abstand gehalten wird, dass der Schaft (510) des Ventils von einem Schaft (508) der das Ventil steuernden Magnetplatte entfernt ist.
  4. Ventilbetätigungsglied nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromagnet (300; 504; 506) eine E-Form mit einem Mittelschenkel (304) und zwei Seitenschenkeln aufweist, wobei der Querschnitt (Sp) der Magnetplatte kleiner als der Querschnitt (Sc/2) der Seitenschenkel und/oder kleiner als die Hälfte des Querschnitts (Sc) des Mittelschenkels ist.
  5. Ventilbetätigungsglied nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromagnet eine E-Form aufweist, wobei ein Magnet am Ende eines der Schenkel gegenüber der Magnetplatte befestigt ist.
  6. Ventilbetätigungsglied nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mechanische Rückstellwirkung durch mindestens eine Feder erzeugt wird.
  7. Verbrennungsmotor mit einem elektromechanischen Ventilbetätigungsglied, das einen gepolten Elektromagneten (300; 504; 506) und eine bewegliche Magnetplatte (302; 502) umfasst, die einer mechanischen Rückstellwirkung ausgesetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventilbetätigungsglied einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche entspricht umfasst.
EP04300086A 2003-02-18 2004-02-17 Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine mit einem solchen Aktuator Expired - Lifetime EP1450013B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0301944A FR2851367B1 (fr) 2003-02-18 2003-02-18 Actionneur electromecanique de soupape pour moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne muni d'un tel actionneur
FR0301944 2003-02-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1450013A2 EP1450013A2 (de) 2004-08-25
EP1450013A3 EP1450013A3 (de) 2005-03-30
EP1450013B1 true EP1450013B1 (de) 2007-07-11

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EP04300086A Expired - Lifetime EP1450013B1 (de) 2003-02-18 2004-02-17 Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine mit einem solchen Aktuator

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7146943B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1450013B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5025889B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE366865T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004007420T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2286573T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2851367B1 (de)

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US7204210B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2007-04-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Reducing power consumption and noise of electrically actuated valves
US7165518B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2007-01-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Adjusting valve lash for an engine with electrically actuated valves
US7640899B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2010-01-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Adjusting electrically actuated valve lift
US7458345B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2008-12-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Adjusting ballistic valve timing
DE102010045504A1 (de) * 2010-09-15 2012-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer ballistischen Bewegung eines Sperrkörpers eines Ventils
US8807463B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-08-19 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel injector with kinetic energy transfer armature
DE102014114847A1 (de) * 2014-10-14 2016-04-14 Hilite Germany Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktuator für einen Nockenwellenversteller
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CN109630741A (zh) * 2018-12-30 2019-04-16 珠海市广源信科技有限公司 一种电磁阀用消音器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5025889B2 (ja) 2012-09-12
DE602004007420T2 (de) 2007-10-31
EP1450013A3 (de) 2005-03-30
US20040206319A1 (en) 2004-10-21
FR2851367B1 (fr) 2008-02-29
ATE366865T1 (de) 2007-08-15
EP1450013A2 (de) 2004-08-25
FR2851367A1 (fr) 2004-08-20
JP2005201231A (ja) 2005-07-28
DE602004007420D1 (de) 2007-08-23
ES2286573T3 (es) 2007-12-01
US7146943B2 (en) 2006-12-12

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