EP1419302B1 - Building and parking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building (1) with several levels, several utilisable units (3,4) accessible only with right of access and a vertical conveyor (7) with which vehicles (16, 17) are transported to parking places (12, 13). The utilisable units (3, 4) and the parking space associated (12, 13) therewith are arranged respectively on a common level and parking places are integrated in the utilisable units (3, 4). The invention also relates to a parking system for said building

Description

The invention relates to a building with several storey levels, with several only accessible with access authorization use units and with a vertical conveyor, by means of which vehicles are conveyed to parking spaces, with use units and their assigned parking spaces are each arranged in a common floor.

A multi-storey building typically has traffic areas and units for private or commercial use. Traffic areas essentially serve the accessibility of a plurality of usage units for persons or vehicles and are freely accessible either publicly or at least for the purpose of using the connected usage units. Publicly accessible use units are, for example, essentially vertically acting conveyors with discontinuous operation such as passenger and goods lifts.

Usage units are also used, for example, for residential, office or business purposes and should - in particular in the case of private homes - generally not be accessible to users of other use units, but only with authorization. Authorization for access to a usage unit is typically given on the basis of a suitable key to a locking system, a magnetic, chip or transponder card, by entering an access code or, for example, by activation by authorized persons (porter, concierge).

The increasingly problematic special parking situation on and in the residential and commercial areas in small and large cities has long been the subject of investigations and scientific studies with a variety of proposed solutions. These increasingly lead to the development of buildings that allow a residential or job-oriented parking, especially for buildings that - as described in the preamble of claim 1 - provide parking spaces for vehicles in the same floor, in which also the privately or commercially used units are located.

Such a building is for example from the DE OS 1 559 303 known. It is a so-called multi-storey Parkturm with a trained in the form of a turntable lift, with which the vehicles are displaced in the vertical direction. The pitches extend radially over the circumference of the lift, wherein between each adjacent double parking spaces a living area is formed, the one has triangular base. On the one hand, in the known building, the conveyor in the form of the rotatable lift comparatively complex in their construction. On the other hand, the known building due to the accommodated by the large number of per floor level vehicles (two per housing unit) for fire safety reasons to be considered critical. Finally, a disadvantage is also to be seen in the fact that it is in the known building is a self-contained construction, which is not suitable for retrofitting, for example, residential areas near existing buildings.

Another generic building is from the JP 4-176971 A known. According to this document, two vertical conveyors are placed in front of the façade of a building, and a parking space between them on each floor. The parking spaces are bordered on each floor by a corridor running along the facade, from which the utility units and the stairwell can be reached. In the JP 4-247168 A It is proposed to arrange a plurality of parking spaces arranged along the facade in front of the facade of a building, which parking spaces are approached via "running ways" which are still in front of these parking spaces. The JP 2001-012097 A discloses a generic building that is equipped with a vertical elevator inside a building, by means of which vehicles can be conveyed to parking levels in the building. In the embodiment according to this document, a parking level comprises eight parking spaces which are assigned to four usage units.

Furthermore, goes from the JP 09-302957 A a building with several storey levels and several each distributed thereon use units, where on the floor levels near the use units also parking spaces for vehicles are available, which are accessible via a suitable for vehicles vertical conveyor. According to the JP 05-010044 A , which also describes a building of the type mentioned, the parking spaces for vehicles are centrally located in a public corridor area, which is also accessible via staircases and passenger lifts.

The use of parking spaces by motor vehicles in the immediate vicinity of the use units requires a special protection for the users, on the one hand with regard to the access authorization, on the other hand with regard to the protection of entrances and exits, for example, to protect playing children.

The invention is also based on the object to construct a building that ensures safe parking of vehicles and a safe transition into the usage unit, the construction preferably simple, variable in the application and be designed visually appealing and also allow retrofitting to existing buildings.

Starting from the generic prior art, the object is achieved according to the invention to the effect that parking spaces are integrated in utilization facilities. In such a building, parking spaces of publicly accessible use units and traffic areas are separated by constructive measures, whereas an immediate access from a parking space into the residential, office or business premises of the usage unit is made possible.

Users can safely and without much detours directly from the rooms of the apartment or from the office to a parked vehicle or vice versa or use a parking space as a terrace or loggia. The parking space belongs in this way directly to the privacy of the respective use unit and is accessible without the use of publicly accessible traffic areas (corridors, staircases, etc.) of the usage unit, so that the risk of robbery compared to conventional parking lots (on the street or in underground garages) is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the risk of vehicle theft and vandalism on the vehicle is significantly reduced, since the accessibility of the parking spaces for unauthorized persons is considerably more difficult. In connection with flats, the integration of parking spaces creates the impression of a detached house with garage "on the xth floor".

In a preferred embodiment, at least one parking space on at least one floor level is bounded on one of its longitudinal sides by a façade level on a building according to the invention. Such an arrangement of the parking spaces makes it possible to create a large-area connection between the parking space and the environment, for example by permanently free or openable cross-sections. As a result, for example, a possible unimpeded flue in the event of a fire of a parked on such a parking space vehicle and a relatively easy accessibility of the parking space for firefighting water of the fire department will be possible. In comparison with the pitch arrangement in which from the DE OS 1 559 303 known buildings, the integrated into the façade level vertical surface of the parking space is doubled, if it is assumed that a length-to-width ratio of such parking spaces of about 2: 1. Differently advantageous designs of such a building according to the invention arise when the vertical conveyor and the parking spaces are attached to a facade to the outside, or in this partially or completely integrated.

In order to provide a particular incentive for the viewer of the building in the arrangement of the parking spaces according to the invention, it is provided that a limited of the facade level longitudinal side of a parking space is at least partially transparent. Such transparency can be achieved, for example, with the aid of glazing, but alternatively also with the aid of, for example, a wire mesh or other translucent facade elements.

Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the conveyor forms at least one vertical boundary surface part of a facade level. Such an arrangement On the one hand, the conveyor device makes it possible to retrofit existing buildings with parking spaces close to the residential area or close to the business area and an associated conveyor for the vehicles. The integration of the conveyor in the facade or their at least partial arrangement in front of the facade also allows in a simple way close to the facade of the pitches in particular in such a way that a longitudinal side of the parking spaces is limited by a facade level. This in turn results in the already explained advantages, wherein the traffic areas are minimized on the individual floor levels.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the building according to the invention consists in that two parking spaces arranged on a projectile level are arranged on opposite sides of the conveyor. In this way, a particularly advantageous facade parallel stringing results from a parking space, a conveyor arranged therebetween and a further parking space. Such an arrangement also forms an especially striking design feature of a facade from an artistic-architectural point of view, in particular if the conveyor and / or the parking spaces or the vehicles parked thereon can also be recognized as such from outside for the observer of the building. In addition, the space required for the accommodation and transport of the vehicles is very small, in particular can be completely avoided by the rectilinear arrangement steering movements during entry and exit in or from the parking space.

The invention further ausgestaltend it is proposed that two arranged on opposite sides of the conveyor parking spaces are connected to each other via a lock area, which has closable connecting doors to the parking spaces and a closable passage to a stairwell area. The conveyor and the two arranged on opposite sides pitches thus belong to a kind of outdoor area of the building and can therefore be provided over large ventilation cross-sections with the environment. The actual interior of the building begins only beyond the closable connecting doors, that is, with the lock area. It is sufficient if only such a staircase area is present, since this is accessible via the lock area of at least two parking spaces. In addition, there is thus - seen from the parking space - a second escape route, which leads not through the use unit itself, but through the lock area to the stairwell area. In this way it is further achieved that pedestrians who use the stairwell area with a preferably arranged therein separate passenger elevator, do not have to enter the area of the conveyor and the parking spaces used by vehicles. Especially in the winter months or in bad weather, it is thus avoided that contaminants from the area of the conveyors and the parking spaces are dragged directly into areas with a residential, office, business or similar use.

A particularly favorable connection of the conveyor to the traffic areas surrounding the building results when the conveyor is connected on an entrance and exit level, that is usually the ground floor level, on two opposite sides to a traffic area. In this way it is possible to drive forward in the conveyor, park the car on a parking space of any floor level and after returning the vehicle in the entry and exit level also forward, but this time on the opposite side of the conveyor to leave them. Rear-facing maneuvering of the vehicle, which is undesirable particularly in the sidewalk area or in restricted space or visibility conditions, is completely avoided in this way.

In addition, according to the invention is still provided that on opposite sides of the conveyor differently sized parking spaces are arranged, which are assigned to different areas with a residential, office, business or similar use. A small apartment or an apartment can be assigned in this way a parking space for a two-seater microcar, whereas a larger apartment, which is suitable for families, for example, has a correspondingly larger parking space, which is also suitable for accommodating a mid-range vehicle or van.

Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous that a partition between a parking space and an associated area with a residential, office, business or similar use is at least partially glazed, thus allowing eye contact between the parking space and the associated living or office area ,

In a particularly preferred embodiment of a building according to the invention, a vehicle can be conveyed by means of a floor conveyor from the vertical conveyor to a parking space. The vehicle then "travels" inside the building without its own drive, so that the unavoidable emissions during operation of internal combustion engines do not occur. This reduces on the one hand the requirements for the ventilation and ventilation of the building and on the other hand increases the sense of comfort. The noise emission from starting engines is significantly reduced, so that the use of sound-absorbing materials and construction elements can be largely dispensed with. Also will be This reduces the difficult requirements on the driving and steering skills of motorists when they reach or leave the parking spaces, as they occur in the often very narrow parking garages according to the prior art.

The building preferably has a booking facility, by means of which the uses of the vertical conveyor designed with an access authorization can be loaded into an account assigned to this access authorization. The operation of a vertical conveyor for motor vehicles is associated with significantly higher costs than the operation of the known passenger lifts, so that an at least partially individual billing of the actual usage processes with the respective users seems to make sense.

The vertical conveyor and the parking spaces for a building according to the invention are preferably factory prefabricated as modules, each comprising a shaft module and optionally laterally arranged thereon parking space modules.

Finally, the invention also encompasses a parking system for a building with several storey levels and several use units accessible only with access authorization, which has a vertical conveyor and parking spaces for vehicles assignable to the use units, wherein parking spaces are integrated into use units and a vehicle by means of the vertical conveyor only with access authorization with respect to one Use unit is eligible for one of these associated parking space

Such a functional unit is particularly suitable for realizing in already existing buildings in front of the existing facade, each assigned to a residential, office, business or area with similar use parking spaces, the fire protection technical conditions can be reliably fulfilled by the special orientation of the spaces existing or existing development concepts can essentially be maintained. Due to the intentional construction of the functional unit, it is immediately identifiable as such from the outside, which results in possibilities for the efficient positioning of vehicles on the parking spaces retrofitted according to the invention or during transport in an eg glassed conveyor.

Fig. 1

einen Grundriss einer ersten Geschossebene mit zwei Wohneinheiten;

Fig. 1a

einen alternativen Grundriss mit zwei Wohneinheiten;

Fig. 2

einen Grundriss einer zweiten Geschossebene mit zwei Büroeinheiten;

Fig. 3

einen Grundriss einer Erdgeschossebene mit der Anbindung einer Fördereinrichtung an die Verkehrsflächen;

Fig. 4

eine alternative Grundrissgestaltung in der Erdgeschossebene,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Vorderansicht des Gebäudes,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung der Steuerungsanlage,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung des Einfahrens in den Vertikalförderer und

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung des Ausfahrens aus dem Vertikalförderer.

To explain the invention, an embodiment is shown in a drawing. It shows

Fig. 1

a floor plan of a first floor level with two residential units;

Fig. 1a

an alternative floor plan with two residential units;

Fig. 2

a floor plan of a second floor with two office units;

Fig. 3

a floor plan of a ground floor level with the connection of a conveyor to the traffic areas;

Fig. 4

an alternative ground plan layout in the ground floor level,

Fig. 5

a front perspective view of the building,

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of the control system,

Fig. 7

a schematic representation of the entry into the vertical conveyor and

Fig. 8

a schematic representation of the extension from the vertical conveyor.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a multi-storey building 1, the right and left of an imaginary axis 2 has a first smaller housing unit 3 with about 105 square meters of floor space and a larger residential unit 4 with a floor area of about 120 square meters. On the axis 2, a staircase area 5, a lock area 6 and a vertical conveyor 7 for transporting passenger cars are arranged one behind the other in the vertical direction. The vertical conveyor 7, which extends from a ground floor level or even cellar level to the top storey level, forms with a vertical boundary surface 8 a part of a facade level 9, which extends in a straight line along the associated side of the building 1. The vertical conveyor 7 has a rectangular cross section, the length and width of the length and width dimensions of conventional passenger cars exceeds by a certain amount. At the opposite end faces 10 and 11 of the cross section of the vertical conveyor 7 each adjacent to a parking space 12, 13, whose longitudinal axes are aligned parallel to the facade plane 9. The parking spaces 12, 13 are thus limited on their longitudinal sides 14, 15 each of the facade level 9. On the smaller area 13, which is associated with the residential unit 3, a two-seat micro-vehicle 16 is shown schematically, whereas the arranged on the other side of the vertical conveyor 7 and the residential unit 4 associated parking space 13 is occupied by a schematized middle-class vehicle 17. Both residential units 3 and 4 are each accessible via an access Z, for example in the form of a glass door, directly from the assigned parking spaces 12, 13. The Partitions T and T 'between the plots 12, 13 and the residential units 3, 4 are wholly or partially executed in glass to allow out of the housing units 3, 4 out a visual contact with the on the parking spaces 12, 13 vehicles 16, 17 , which may be desirable especially for historic or luxury vehicles.

One of the facade plane 9 facing away from longitudinal side 18 of the cross section of the vertical conveyor 7 adjacent to the lock area 6 whose length exceeds that of the cross section of the vertical conveyor 7, so that for persons a connection between the two parking spaces 12 and 13, if a legitimacy for opening the respective connecting doors V, V 'between the parking spaces 12, 13 and the lock area 6 consists. Via a passage 19 is a connection between the lock area 6 and the stairwell area 5, which is equally associated with both residential units 3 and 4, created. At the end of the stairwell area 5 facing away from the lock area 6 or the vertical conveyor 7, a passenger elevator 20 is arranged adjacent to the opposite facade. The access from the vertical conveyor 7 to one of the parking spaces 12, 13 is just like the operation of the respective connecting doors V, V 'between the parking spaces 12, 13 and the lock area 6 and the access to the associated housing unit 3, 4 only by means of one of the respective Housing unit assigned chip card possible. The access from the parking spaces 12, 13 to the respective associated housing unit 3, 4, however, is not secured such dimensions. The parking spaces 12, 13 are integrated in this way in the respectively associated housing unit 3, 4 and form with this a uniform, private use unit. Thus, it is possible, for example, after a purchase with the vehicle 16, 17 using the smart card directly to their own, closed parking space 12, 13 to drive to protected there and undisturbed to unload the vehicle 16, 17 can.

FIG. 1a shows you one FIG. 1 alternative ground plan, in which a lock area is not available. There are two entrances Z, which connect the parking spaces 12, 13 respectively with the hallway or the kitchen of the residential units 3, 4.

FIG. 2 shows a floor plan of the same building 1 as it is in FIG. 1 is shown on a different floor level, on the two parking spaces 12 and 13 each associated with a larger or compared to this slightly smaller office unit 21 or 22 respectively. The connection between the lock area 6 and the staircase area 5 is opposite to the floor plan according to FIG. 1 unchanged.

In FIG. 3 is a floor plan in the ground floor level shown. The cross section of the vertical conveyor 7 is connected at both end faces 10 and 11 respectively to a traffic area 23, which is an entrance, and to a traffic area 24, which is an exit. The two traffic areas 23 and 24, together with the cross-sectional area of the vertical conveyor 7, form a longitudinally halved oval, which springs back behind the façade level 9 into the interior of the building 1 (but only in the area of the ground floor). The traffic area 24 is crossed by an access area 25, indicated by parallel cross lines, which leads to a staircase area.

FIG. 4 shows an alternative variant in which the access 25 and the exit forming traffic surface 24 do not cross, so the risk of accidents is further minimized in this respect. However, the separation of the traffic areas 23 and 24 for the vehicles and 25 for pedestrians, however, requires a slightly larger traffic area requirement at the same time slightly limited space for the passenger access or the car exit from the building. 1

It is understood that the entry and exit directions in and out of the vertical conveyor 7 can be reversed. If desired, each of the traffic areas 23 can be used both as entry and exit. In all cases, the advantage is obtained that - apart from a backward in or out parking on the respective floor level - when retracting or extending out of the building 1 no backward maneuvering, especially in areas where pedestrian traffic prevails is required ,

FIG. 5 shows a front perspective view of the building 1, the facade level 9 in the focus shown section of the vertical boundary surface 8 of the vertical conveyor 7 and - each frontally connected to the vertical conveyor 7 - formed by the longitudinal sides of both sides directly adjacent to the vertical conveyor 7 parking spaces 12, 13 becomes. Since the lateral in the facade level 9 integrated boundary surfaces of the parking spaces 12 and 13 - apart from in FIG. 5 not shown filigree railings - are left completely open, resulting in the viewer of the building 1 an interesting view that reveals all, that is accommodated on all floor levels on the parking spaces 12 and 13 vehicles 16, 17. If the vertical conveyor 7, for example, glazed, and the currently transported vehicle is clearly visible from the outside. At times when pitches 12 or 13 are not occupied by vehicles 16 or 17, pitches 12 or 13 may be used, for example, as a loggia.

For cost reasons, the opposite arrangement of two parking spaces 12 and 13 is low, since each floor and vertical conveyor 7 two parking spaces 12, 13 can be realized, both of which are located immediately adjacent to the facade level 9 and therefore fire protection technically feasible without major problems. The space requirement is particularly low here.

FIG. 5 Finally, it shows that on the ground floor, the traffic areas 23 and 24, which serve as entrance and exit, extend in a semi-oval shape into areas behind the façade level 9. In this way, can be retracted in the ground floor level forward in the vertical conveyor 7 and when leaving the building 1 also extended forward from this. An access area 25 crosses the traffic area 24 and leads to a stairwell arranged behind the vertical conveyor 7.

In FIG. 6 The problem of security and access authorization for the use and control of the vertical conveyor 110 is dealt with schematically. It is envisaged that only the respective owner / occupant of a use unit is entitled to drive his respective parking space with the vertical conveyor 110. Access to another parking space would only be possible with the appropriate authorization.

So is in FIG. 6 schematically a control system 90 shown, to the corresponding floor sensors 91, 91a to 94, 94a belong. These only respond to a corresponding hand-held transmitter or transponder 95 with the floor code. This system is certainly only exemplary of other codable recognition and control systems, such as plug-in cards, keys or phonetic signal recognition devices.

The control system 90 in this case consists of a computer memory printer unit, in which at the same time the usage times of the actual respective floor rides are stored in order to determine the corresponding energy costs of the respective user. It can be provided that the vertical conveyor 110 automatically returns to the ground floor after unloading in a floor above the ground floor after a set time has elapsed.

All pitches can be equipped with appropriate and not shown Rauchgasabzugs- and extinguishing equipment. In order to prevent dazzling neighbors, the parking spaces can be fitted with screens. To reduce the sound emission values all visible surfaces of the parking areas are clad with sound-absorbing materials.

In order to reduce the noise emissions as much as possible and to increase the comfort and safety of the users, the module consisting of opposite parking spaces and the vertical conveyor 110, each assigned to a projectile level, is provided with an automatic, horizontally acting vehicle overhead device 120 whose functioning in the FIGS. 7 and 8th is shown schematically. Such a floor conveyor 120 is known, for example, from car washes. For the module, a tripartite floor conveyor 120 is provided. In Figure 7a The vehicle 43 is in front of the vertical conveyor 110. The left front and rear wheels are between two guide rails 70, 71. A mechanically driven roller 72 partially pushes the vehicle 43 on the rear wheel into the vertical conveyor 110. FIG. 7b ), pushes another mechanically driven roller 73 ( FIG. 7c ) of the vertical conveyor 110, the vehicle 43 on the front wheel forward in the in FIG. 7d shown position, so that after reaching this position, the elevator doors close automatically and the vehicle 43 can be moved vertically.

After completion of the vertical transport, the vehicle doors open and a roller 74 of the vertical conveyor 110 pushes the vehicle 43 in the in FIG. 8b shown position, so that then the roller 75 ( FIG. 8c ) the vehicle in the in FIG. 8d shown parked position transported. When leaving the parking position, the shifting process is repeated in reverse order.

Claims (14)

1. A building (1) with several levels, comprising several utilizable units (3, 4) accessible only with right of access and a vertical conveyor (7, 110) by means of which vehicles (16, 17, 43) are transported to parking places (12, 13), with the utilizable units (3, 4) and the parking places (12, 13) associated with the same each being arranged on a common level, characterized in that parking places (12, 13) are integrated in utilizable units (3, 4).
2. A building as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one parking place (12, 13) on at least one level is delimited at one of its longitudinal sides (14, 15) by a façade plane (9).
3. A building as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that a longitudinal side (14, 15) of the parking place (12, 13) which is delimited by the façade plane (9) is at least partly transparent.
4. A building as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that a longitudinal side (14, 15) of the parking place (12, 13) which is delimited by the façade plane (9) is at least partly glazed.
5. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical conveyor (7) forms a part of the façade plane with at least one vertical bordering surface (8).
6. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two parking places (12, 13) arranged on a level are arranged on mutually opposite sides of the vertical conveyor.
7. A building as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that two parking places (12, 13) arranged on opposite sides of the vertical conveyor (7) are mutually connected via a gate area (6) which comprises lockable connecting doors (V, V') to the parking places (12, 13) and a lockable passageway (19) to a staircase area.
8. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical conveyor (7) is connected on an entrance and exit plane at two mutually opposite sides (10, 11) to a traffic area (23) each.
9. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that differently large parking places (12, 13) are arranged on mutually opposite sides of the vertical conveyor (7), which parking places are assigned to differently large utilizable areas (3, 4).
10. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separating wall (T, T') between parking place (12, 13) and an associated utilizable area (3, 4) is at least partly glazed.
11. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vehicle (43) can be conveyed by means of a floor conveyor device (110) from the vertical conveyor (7) to a parking place (12, 13).
12. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized by a booking device by means of which the uses of the vertical conveyor (7) as performed with access authorisation can be debited to an account associated with said access authorisation.
13. A building as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that vehicles (16, 17, 43) are conveyed by means of a vertical conveyor (7) in a shaft which is composed of stacked shaft modules on which parking places modules are arranged on the side.
14. A parking system for a building (1) with several levels and several utilizable units (3, 4) only accessible with access authorisation, which system comprises a vertical conveyor (7) and parking places (12, 13) for vehicles (16, 17, 43) which can be associated to the utilizable units (3, 4), characterized in that the parking places (12, 13) are integrated in the utilizable units (3, 4) and a vehicle (16, 17, 43) can be conveyed to a parking place (12, 13) associated with a utilizable unit (3, 4) by means of the vertical conveyor (7) only with access authorization with respect to said utilizable unit (3, 4).

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