PL206320B1 - Building and parking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building (1) with several levels, several utilisable units (3,4) accessible only with right of access and a vertical conveyor (7) with which vehicles (16, 17) are transported to parking places (12, 13). The utilisable units (3, 4) and the parking space associated (12, 13) therewith are arranged respectively on a common level and parking places are integrated in the utilisable units (3, 4). The invention also relates to a parking system for said building

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a multi-storey building and a parking system for a multi-storey building, in particular to a building with multiple utility units only accessible with an access authorization and a vertical transport elevator with which the vehicles are transported to the parking spaces, the utility units and their associated parking spaces. are located on a common level.

The multi-storey building has typical traffic zones and units for private or commercial use. Traffic zones are generally used to access numerous utility units for persons and vehicles and are freely accessible at least for the use of adjacent utility units. Generally available utility units are generally vertically operating continuously operating transport devices, such as, for example, passenger and goods lifts.

The utility units also serve, for example, for residential, office or commercial purposes and should not - particularly in the case of private apartments - be accessible to the general public for the use of other utility units, but should only be accessed with an authorization. Access to a user unit is typically granted on the basis of a key, magnetic, chip or transponder card matched to the locking system, on the basis of an entered access code or, for example, also by admission by an authorized person (porter, caretaker).

The increasingly problematic issues of parking in housing estates and commercial zones in small and large cities have been the subject of research and scientific studies for a long time, the result of which are numerous proposals for solutions. They indicate in most cases the development of buildings that allow parking close to the place of residence and work, in particular buildings which - as described in the definition of patent claim 1 provide parking spaces for vehicles on the same floor as the units used for residential or commercial purposes.

A building of this type is known, for example, from DE OS 1 559 303. It is a so-called multi-storey parking tower with a lifting platform in the form of a rotating disc with which the vehicles are moved in a vertical plane. The parking spaces extend radially over the entire perimeter of the lifting deck, a living area being formed between the adjacent double parking spaces, which takes on a triangular surface. On the one hand, in the known building, a transport device in the form of a rotating lifting platform is relatively expensive in its construction. On the other hand, a known building should be considered fire-critical due to the large number of vehicles on each floor (two for each housing unit). Further, it must be seen as a disadvantage that the known building is a closed structure which is not suitable for the subsequent addition of parking spaces close to the apartments on, for example, existing buildings.

Another similar type of building is the building known from JP 4-176971 A. According to this letter, there are two conveyors for vertical transport in front of the facade of the building and between them, on each floor - a parking space. Parking spaces are bordered on each floor by a corridor running along the façade from which utility units are accessible, and a staircase on the other side. JP 4-247168 A proposes to place a number of parking spaces along the facade in front of the building facade, which could be accessed on the runnings ways running ahead of the parking spaces. JP 2001-012097 A describes a similar type of building which in the interior is provided with a vertical transport crane with which the vehicles can be moved to the levels of the parking lot in the building. In an embodiment according to this letter, one parking level comprises eight parking spaces that are associated with four use units.

The use of parking spaces by motor vehicles in the immediate vicinity of the utility units requires special protection for the user, on the one hand with regard to access rights, and on the other hand with regard to securing entrances and exits, for example for the protection of playing children.

The basis for the development of the invention is the task of constructing a building that guarantees safe parking of vehicles and safe passage to the utility unit, the structure should be simple, with variable functionality and enable optical shaping, and should allow for addition to existing buildings.

A multi-storey building according to the invention, with a number of utility units accessible only with the right to enter and a lift for vertical transport, by means of which the vehicles are transported to the parking spaces, the utility units and the parking spaces assigned to them being arranged on a common level, characterized by: that the parking spaces are integrated with the utility units.

Preferably, at least one parking space on at least one storey is provided on its longitudinal wall along the facade.

The longitudinal wall of the parking space delimited by the facade is preferably at least partially transparent, or at least partially glazed.

The vertical transport elevator can form, together with the vertical surface, a part of the plane of the facade.

Two parking spaces on one tier can be arranged on opposite sides of the vertical transport lift.

Two parking spaces arranged on opposite sides of the vertical transport elevator are preferably connected to each other by a lock area which has a lockable door connecting to the parking spaces and a lockable passage to the staircase.

The elevator for vertical transport at the entry and exit level is preferably connected on both opposite sides to the traffic zone.

On opposite sides of the vertical transport elevator, parking spaces of varying size are preferably arranged, which are assigned to use zones of varying size.

The partition wall between the parking space and the associated use area can be at least partially glazed.

The vehicle can be transported from the lift for vertical transport to the parking space by means of a horizontal transport conveyor.

Preferably, the building comprises an accounting device with which the use of the elevator for vertical transport on the basis of an access right debits the account of the associated access right.

The vehicles are preferably transported by means of a vertical transport elevator in a shaft which is made up of stacked modules on the sides of which parking space modules are arranged.

The parking system according to the invention, for a multi-storey building with multiple utility units accessible only with an access authorization, and a vertical transport lift and parking spaces for vehicles, assigned to the utility units, is characterized by that the parking spaces are integrated with the utility units and the vehicle is is transported to the parking space assigned to the unit by means of a vertical transport only with access authorization for the respective utility unit.

Starting from the generic state of the art, the task is according to the invention if it is solved in that the parking spaces are integrated with the use units. In such a building, parking spaces are separated from the publicly accessible utility units and traffic areas by structures, however, direct access from the parking spaces to the residential, office or commercial premises of the utility unit is possible.

Users can safely and without walking directly from the premises of the apartment or office to the parked vehicle and vice versa, or use the parking space as a terrace or loggia. The parking space thus belongs directly to the private sphere of the utility unit and is accessible without the use of publicly accessible traffic areas (corridors, staircases, etc.) from the utility unit, so as to significantly reduce the risk of robbery compared to conventional parking lots (on the street or in the underground garage). In addition, the risk of vehicle theft and vandalism on the vehicle is significantly reduced, as access to parking spaces for unauthorized persons is difficult. In combination with two-story flats, the integration of parking spaces creates the impression of a single-family house with a garage "on the x floor.

In a preferred embodiment of the building according to the invention, at least one parking space is limited on at least one storey on its longitudinal side of the facade level. Such an arrangement has the area between the parking space and the surroundings, for example

Thanks to permanently free public passages. As a result, smoke extraction is made as unhindered as possible in the event of a fire in the vehicle parked in the parking space and the parking space is relatively well accessible for water jets from the fire brigade. Compared to the layout of the parking spaces in the building described in DE OS I 559 303, the built-in vertical surface area of the parking spaces at the facade level is doubled, assuming a length / width ratio of 2: 1 for such parking spaces. Various advantageous arrangements of the same building according to the invention take place when the vertical transport elevator and the parking spaces are directed towards the outside on the facade or are partially or completely integrated therein.

In order to offer the building visitors a special aesthetic effect with the arrangement of the parking spaces according to the invention, it is provided that one of the longitudinal sides of the parking space delimited by the facade level is at least partially transparent. This effect can be achieved, for example, with glazing, alternatively also, for example, with a wire-woven fabric or other light-transmitting façade elements.

In addition, a particular advantage of the solution is that the elevator forms a facade part with at least one vertical covering surface. This type of lift arrangement allows, on the one hand, additional equipment of existing buildings with parking spaces close to home and work places and a suitable vehicle lift. The integration of the lift into the façade or its partial arrangement in front of the façade also enables a simple arrangement of the parking spaces close to the façade, in particular in such a way that the longitudinal side of the parking spaces is limited to the façade level. Hence the advantages already described, whereby the traffic zones on the individual storeys are minimized.

A particularly advantageous arrangement of the building according to the invention is that two parking spaces arranged on one storey are arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle lift. This results in a particularly advantageous arrangement in a row of a parking space, an elevator arranged therebetween, and a further parking space parallel to the facade. Such an arrangement also creates a particularly important feature of the façade layout from an artistic-architectural look, in particular when the elevator and / or parking spaces or the vehicles stacked thereon are recognizable as such also by those who observe the building from the outside. Furthermore, the space required for the storage and transport of the vehicles is very low, in particular, the rectilinear arrangement makes it possible to avoid steering wheel movements during the entrances and exits to and from the parking space.

For a better visual effect, it is proposed that two parking spaces located on opposite sides of the elevator are connected to each other above the lock area, which has a lockable door connecting to the parking places and a lockable passage to the staircase. The elevator and two parking spaces located on opposite sides therefore form part of the external area of the building and can therefore be equipped with large ventilation cross-sections with the surroundings. The actual interior of the building only starts behind the closed connecting door, i.e. in the lock area. It is sufficient if only such a staircase is available, as it is accessible via a lock from at least two parking spaces. In addition, this way - looking from the parking space - a second escape route is created, which leads not through the utility unit itself, but through the lock to the staircase. In this way, moreover, a condition is achieved in which pedestrians using a staircase with a separate lift therein do not have to pass through the traffic-laden area of the car's lift and parking spaces. Particularly in the winter months or in bad weather conditions, it is thus avoided that contamination from the elevator and parking areas is transferred directly to residential, office, commercial or similar utility areas.

Particularly advantageous integration of the lift for vertical transport into the traffic zones around the building is achieved when the lift is connected to the street at the entry and exit level, i.e. most often at the ground floor level, on two opposite sides. In this way, it is possible to enter the lift for vertical lifting forward, park the car in a parking space of any floor and lower it after reversing the vehicle to the entry and exit level also forward, but this time on the opposite side of the lift. In this way, rearward maneuvering of the vehicle is completely avoided, which is undesirable in particular in a pedestrianized zone or in an overcrowded parking lot and with poor visibility.

PL 206 320 B1

Moreover, according to the invention, it is provided that on opposite sides of the elevator for vertical transport, parking spaces of different sizes are arranged, which are assigned to residential, office, commercial and other utility zones of different sizes. A parking space for a small car for two can thus be allocated to a small apartment or apartment, and a large apartment, which is also suitable for families, for example, has a corresponding larger parking space, which is also suitable for parking a middle class car or a van.

A further particularly advantageous solution is that the partition wall between the parking space and the associated residential, office, commercial or the like area is at least glazed in order to thereby allow visual contact between the parking space and the associated residential or office area.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the building according to the invention, the vehicle is transported by a horizontal transport conveyor from the vertical transport elevator to the parking space. The vehicle "then travels inside the building without its own propulsion, so there are no exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines. As a result, on the one hand, the requirements for building ventilation technology are lowered, and on the other hand, the feeling of comfort increases. The noise load on the motors that are started is significantly reduced, so that insulating materials and components can also be dispensed with as much as possible. It also reduces the need to test drivers in difficult conditions and maneuver when entering and exiting parking spaces, which is a common phenomenon in very often narrow modern multi-storey car parks.

Preference is given to a building with an accounting device, by means of which the use of the elevator for vertical transport made on the basis of the access authorization debits the account of the associated access authorization. Operating a lift for the vertical transport of motor vehicles is significantly more costly than the operation of known passenger lifts, so that it is reasonable, at least in part, to bill the actual use by the users concerned individually.

The vertical transport elevator and the parking spaces of the building according to the invention are preferably prefabricated as modules which include a shaft module and possibly laterally arranged parking space modules.

The invention also includes a parking system for a multi-storey building.

A functional unit of this type is particularly suitable for the implementation of parking spaces assigned to a residential, office, commercial or similar area in front of the façade of existing buildings, whereby the special arrangement of the parking spaces ensures that the fire protection requirements are met and the existing interior design concepts can, if necessary, be essentially retained. Since such a functional unit is constructed prior to the construction of the building, it has to be finished from the outside as such, so that it is possible to position vehicles for advertising purposes on parking spaces according to the invention or during transport in, for example, a glazed lift for vertical transport.

To illustrate the invention, the following drawing is shown as an embodiment.

He presents

1 shows a plan view of a first storey with two accommodation units;

Fig. 1a an alternative plan view with two accommodation units;

2 shows a plan view of a second story with two office units;

Fig. 3 a plan view of the ground floor with the lift connected to the communication zones;

4 shows an alternative layout of the ground floor plan;

Fig. 5 a spatial front view of the building;

6 shows a schematic illustration of control devices;

Fig. 7 a schematic illustration of an entrance to a lift for vertical transport and

Fig. 8 a schematic illustration of an exit from a lift for vertical transport;

Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a multi-storey building 1 which has on the right and left covered axis 2, respectively, a first smaller apartment 3 of approximately 105 square meters and a larger apartment 4 of approximately 120 square meters. On axis 2, the staircase 5, the lock 6 and the lift for vertical transport 7 for the transport of passenger cars are arranged in turn. The vertical transport lift 7, which extends from the ground floor or even the underground level to the highest level, together with the vertical

The vertical boundary 8 part of the level of the facade 9, which extends in a straight line along the side of the building 1 assigned to it. The vertical transport elevator 7 has a rectangular cross-section, the length and width of which must to some extent exceed the dimensions of the length and width of standard passenger cars. . On opposite ends 10 and 11 of the cross section of the vertical transport elevator 7 there is a parking space 12, 13, the longitudinal axes of which are directed parallel to the facade level 9. The parking spaces 12, 13 are limited on their longitudinal sides 14, 15 respectively from the facade 9 level On the surface of the smaller parking space 13, which is assigned to the apartment unit 3, a small two-seater vehicle 16 is schematically shown, while the parking space 13, arranged on the other side of the elevator 7 and allocated to the accommodation unit 4, is occupied by a schematic medium-class vehicle 17. Both units. the apartments 3 and 4 are accessed correspondingly via the entrance 2, for example in the form of a glass door, directly from the associated parking spaces 12, 13.

The partitions T and T between the parking spaces 12, 13 and the accommodation units 3, 4 are made entirely or partially of glass to allow visual contact from the apartment units 3, 4 to vehicles 16, 17 located in the parking spaces 12, 13, which it is especially desirable for vintage and luxury cars.

The longitudinal side IS of the cross section of the vertical transport 7 facing away from the facade level is adjacent to the airlock 6, the length of which exceeds the cross section of the vertical transport 7, so that there is a connection between the parking spaces 12 and 13 for people, provided they are authorized to open of the given connecting door V, V between parking spaces 12, 13 and lock 6. Through passage 19 a connection is created between lock 6 and staircase 5, which is equally assigned to the apartment units 3 and 4. On the opposite of lock 6 or the elevator 7 at the end of staircase 5, on the opposite facade, there is a passenger elevator 20. Access from the vertical transport elevator 7 to parking spaces 12, 13 is also possible, as is the use of the V, V connection door between parking spaces 12, 13 and the lock 6 and access to the assigned residential units 3, 4 only by means of the month assigned to a given unit with a rock chip card. Access from the parking spaces 12, 13 to the correspondingly assigned housing unit 3, 4 is not provided to this extent. The parking spaces 12, 13 are thus integrated into the associated housing units 3, 4 and thus form a single, private use unit. This makes it possible, for example, to drive the vehicle 16, 17 with the chip card directly to your own, lockable parking lot 12, 13 after shopping, in order to be able to unload the vehicle 16, 17 there safely and without difficulty.

Fig. 1a shows a plan view, alternative to Fig. 1, in which there is no airlock zone. There are two entrances Z, respectively, which connect the parking spaces 12, 13 with the hall or kitchen of the apartment units 3, 4, respectively.

Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the same building as shown in Fig. 1, on a different storey, in which both parking spaces 12 and 13 are allocated to a larger or comparatively slightly smaller office unit 21 or 22, respectively. Connection between the lock zone 6 and staircase 5 is unchanged with respect to the floor plan according to Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view on the ground floor level. The cross-section of the horizontal transport elevator 7 is connected on both end sides 10 and 11 to a traffic route 23, which also includes an entrance, and a traffic route 24, which also includes an exit, respectively. Together with the cross-sectional area of the vertical transport 7, the two traffic zones 23 and 24 form a longitudinally halved ellipse which re-enters behind the facade 9 level into the building 1 (however only in the ground floor zone). The traffic area 24 intersects with the access surface 25 which, passing in the form of a parallel transverse line, leads to the staircase.

Fig. 4 shows an alternative variant in which the access 25 and the traffic zone 24 forming the exit do not intersect, which significantly minimizes the risk of accidents. The separation of the traffic zones 23 and 24 for vehicles and 25 for pedestrians, however, requires a slightly greater demand for space for traffic, while at the same time slightly limiting the space for a passenger lift or exit from building 1 for passenger cars.

It is understandable that the direction of entry and exit from the elevator 7 can be changed. If required, each of the traffic zones 23 can be used as both an entrance and an exit. In all cases, the advantage is maintained that - regardless of the requirement to park backwards on the data

On storeys - when entering and exiting building 1, it is not required to maneuver the vehicle backwards, in particular in zones with predominant pedestrian traffic.

Fig. 5 shows a spatial front view of a building 1, the level of the facade 9 of which in the cutout shown here is formed by the vertical boundary surface S of the vertical transport elevator 7 and - respectively frontally connected to the elevator 7 - longitudinal sides adjoining directly to the elevator on both sides 7 12, 13. Since the lateral surfaces that are integrated into the facade 9 level, the bounding surfaces of the parking spaces 12 and 13 - apart from the filigree handrails shown in Fig. 5 - are completely open, the observer of the building 1 has a very interesting view that allows to recognize all, i.e. on parking spaces 12 and 13 for vehicles 16, 17. If the elevator 7 is glazed, for example, the transported vehicle is also visible from the outside. As long as the parking spaces 12 or 13 are not occupied by the vehicles 16 or 17, the parking spaces 12 or 13 can be used, for example, as a loggia.

For cost reasons, the opposing arrangement of the two parking spaces 12 and 13 is advantageous, since two parking spaces 12, 13 can be provided per storey and the vertical transport lift 7, which are arranged directly at the level of the facade 9 and are therefore easy to implement at an angle. fire requirements. The space requirement is particularly low.

Fig. 5 shows the situation where, on the ground floor, the traffic zones 23 and 24, which serve as entry and exit, extend in a semi-oval shape to the area behind the facade level 9. In this way, the vehicle can be driven forward on the ground floor to the vertical transport elevator 7 and leave the building also in front. The access area 25 crosses the traffic area 24 and leads to the staircase behind the elevator 7.

Fig. 6 schematically shows the security problem and access rights to use the control of the vertical transport elevator 110. It is foreseen that only the user / dwelling of the utility unit is allowed to drive the vertical transport elevator 110 to its parking space. Access to another parking space would only be possible with the appropriate authorization.

Fig. 6 shows schematically a control device 90 which includes the respective floor sensors 91, 91a to 94, 94a. They will only work in response to actuation of the corresponding pilot or transponder 95 with the floor code. The installation is certainly only an example for other programmable identification and control systems, using, for example, plastic cards, keys or voice identification devices.

The control installation 90 consists of a computer-memory-printer unit in which the usage times of the actual trips to the floors are simultaneously stored in order to be able to calculate the respective energy costs for the respective user in this way. It can be foreseen that the lift for vertical transport, after unloading on the storey above the ground floor, returns automatically to the ground floor after a defined time.

All parking spaces can be equipped with appropriate smoke extraction and extinguishing devices, not shown in more detail. In order not to dazzle neighbors, parking spaces may have shutters. In order to reduce the sound emission value of the covers, all visible surfaces of the parking spaces are covered with sound insulating material.

In order to reduce sound emissions as much as possible and to increase the comfort and safety of the user, the module consisting of opposite parking spaces and the vertical transport 110, assigned to a given floor, is equipped with an automatic device for horizontal vehicle transport 120 in the horizontal direction. the mode of operation of which is shown schematically in Figs. 7 and 8. Such a forklift device 120 is known, for example, from automatic car washes. A three-section horizontal transport device 120 is provided for the module. In Fig. 7a, the vehicle 43 stands in front of the horizontal transport device 110. The left front and rear wheels are positioned between the guide rails 70, 71. A mechanically driven roller 72 moves the vehicle 43 on the rear wheel partially on the rear wheel. the vertical lift 110. Once the vehicle 43 has reached this position (Fig. 7b), another power-driven shaft 73 (Fig. 7c) of the vertical lift 110 moves the vehicle 43 behind the front wheel forward to the position shown in Fig. 7d, so that upon reaching this position, the lift door automatically closes and the vehicle 43 can be transported in a vertical plane.

PL 206 320 B1

Upon completion of the vertical transport, the vehicle door opens and the shaft 74 of the elevator 110 moves the vehicle 43 to the position shown in Fig. 8b, so that the shaft 75 (Fig. 8c) then transports the vehicle to the parking position shown in Fig. 8d. When leaving the car park, this transport process is repeated in reverse order.

Claims (14)

1. A multi-storey building with multiple utility units accessible only with an access authorization and a vertical transport lift, by means of which the vehicles are transported to the parking spaces, the utility units and the parking spaces assigned to them are arranged on a common level, characterized by the fact that parking spaces (12, 13) are integrated with the utility units (3, 4). 2. The building according to p. A parking space according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one parking space (12, 13) on at least one storey is provided on its longitudinal wall (14, 15) along the facade (9). 3. Building according to p. The method of claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal wall (14, 15) of the parking space (12, 13) delimited by the facade (9) is at least partially transparent. 4. Building according to p. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal wall (14, 15) of the parking space (12, 13) delimited by the facade (9) is at least partially glazed. 5. Building according to p. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the vertical transport elevator (7) forms part of the facade plane with the vertical bounding surface (8). 6. Building according to p. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the two parking spaces (12, 13), arranged on one storey, are arranged on opposite sides of the vertical transport elevator (7). Building according to p. 6. The method of claim 6, characterized in that two parking spaces (12, 13) arranged on opposite sides of the vertical transport elevator (7) are connected to each other by a lock area (6) which has a lockable door (V, V) connecting to the parking spaces ( 12, 13) and a lockable passage (19) to the staircase (5). 8. Building according to p. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lift for vertical transport (7) at the entry and exit level is connected on both opposite sides (10, 11) to the traffic area (23). 9. Building according to p. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that on opposite sides of the vertical transport elevator (7) there are parking spaces (12, 13) of differing size, which are assigned to use zones (3, 4) of differing size. 10. Building according to p. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the partition (T, T ') between the parking space (12, 13) and the associated use area (3, 4) is at least partially glazed. 11. A building according to p. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle (43) is transported by a horizontal transport conveyor (110) from the vertical transport elevator (7) to the parking space (12, 13). 12. The building according to p. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an accounting device with which the use of the elevator (7) made on the basis of an access right debits the account of the associated access right. 13. Building according to p. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the vehicles (16, 17, 43) are transported in a shaft which is made up of stacked modules on the sides of which parking space modules are arranged by means of a vertical transport elevator (7). 14. Parking system for a multi-storey building with levels and with many utility units accessible only with an access authorization and a lift for vertical transport and parking spaces for vehicles, assigned to the utility units, characterized in that the parking spaces (12, 13) are integrated with the utility units (3, 4) and the vehicle (16, 17, 43) is transported to the parking space (12, 13) assigned to a given unit (3, 4) by means of a vertical transport elevator (7) with only access to the given utility unit ( 3, 4).