EP1416234A1 - Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1416234A1 EP1416234A1 EP03405707A EP03405707A EP1416234A1 EP 1416234 A1 EP1416234 A1 EP 1416234A1 EP 03405707 A EP03405707 A EP 03405707A EP 03405707 A EP03405707 A EP 03405707A EP 1416234 A1 EP1416234 A1 EP 1416234A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- container
- refrigerant
- area
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for returning lubricant for a Chiller according to the preamble of independent claim 1, as well as a refrigerator with such a device.
- Refrigeration systems with refrigerants are usually considered closed Refrigerant circuits operated in which a compressor is gaseous Draws refrigerant directly or indirectly from an evaporator, compresses it and passes on to a condenser in which the compressed refrigerant is liquefied while releasing heat. The liquid refrigerant is then almost relaxed to evaporation pressure via a throttle then in the evaporator with absorption of heat of vaporization to go back into the gaseous state.
- compressors or centrifugal compressors can be used as compressors, whereby frictional losses can occur, among other things, at bearings and dynamic sealing points.
- refrigeration systems that use carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a refrigerant were practically only operated with oil-free compressors, that is, without appropriate lubricants.
- lubricated compressors are also known which use, for example, soluble ester oil as a lubricant which, as is customary, for example, with CFC refrigerants, can be returned via a thermosiphon pump.
- non-soluble ones are often more suitable for the refrigerant circuit Oils and lubricants.
- Insoluble oils such as PAO oils, which are generally lighter than the liquid refrigerant, such as the liquid refrigerant CO 2 , collect on the surface. This type of lubricant naturally also causes the problems already detailed above in the coolant circuit and must therefore be constantly removed from the coolant circuit.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for Propose lubricant return for a chiller that does it allowed a lubricant with a lower density than that in the Refrigerant used refrigerant from the coolant circuit due.
- a device for returning lubricant is thus according to the invention proposed for a chiller.
- the lubricant return includes a container with at least one divider, which divider the Containers in at least a first section and a second section divided, and one for separating lubricant in the second Partition plate arranged. It is in the second section a removal device in relation to the separating plate arranged and designed that the deposited on the separating plate Lubricant can be removed from the container by means of the removal device is.
- the proposed lubricant return allows for a refrigeration machine it, therefore, a lubricant that is lighter than that in the refrigerator
- the refrigerant used is simple and safe from the actual one To separate refrigerant.
- the lubricant device according to the invention includes a container that acts as a liquid separator and in the Coolant circuit is integrated.
- the liquid separator serves (how common in refrigeration systems) for the separation of liquids in the wet Suction gases from the evaporators of the chiller are included.
- the container for example as a hollow cylinder closed on both sides can be formed by at least one partition in a first Sub-area and a second sub-area divided.
- the second section is via a feed line, preferably directly from an evaporator Chiller, a mixture of refrigerant and lubricated Lubricant supplied, as will be explained in more detail below is separated in the second part of the container, so that in the first portion of the container is essentially lubricant-free Refrigerant arrives and is collected there in liquid form in the container.
- the first sub-area can be suitable arranged connecting lines the liquid refrigerant from Coolant circulation pumps are sucked off again.
- the gaseous Coolant phase is from the first portion of the container from a compressor of the refrigerator aspirated and returned to the coolant circuit.
- the above-mentioned divider that divides the container into first and second Sub-area divided, is designed and arranged in the container, that a liquid that is fed to the second portion of the container can initially only fill the second part of the container, i.e. a certain - which can be specified by the design of the separating plate -
- the amount of liquid supplied to the second section is determined by the Partition plate held back in the second section. Only when one through that Divider and the geometry of the container in the second section predetermined volume of supplied liquid can be reached overcome the additional amount of liquid supplied to the divider and thus reaches the first section of the container. This can do that Fluctuate the refrigerant level in the first part of the tank, which always ensures an optimal filling level of the coolant circuit Chiller is guaranteed.
- the divider can either only over part of the Cross section of the container, or else the entire Cover the cross-section of the container, in which case the divider must have one or more suitably placed openings that it allow liquid from the second subspace into the first subspace can reach.
- the liquid mentioned above is used naturally a refrigerant contaminated with lubricant.
- the lubricant is essentially insoluble in the refrigerant Oil, used as a refrigerant in special carbon dioxide place.
- the second is to separate the lubricant from the refrigerant Sub-area arranged a separating plate such that the second Sub-area divided into a separation area and an overflow area which ensures that liquid from the separation area into the Overflow area.
- a separating plate such that the second Sub-area divided into a separation area and an overflow area which ensures that liquid from the separation area into the Overflow area.
- the overflow area is between the divider and separation plate, while the separation area is covered by the remaining Part of the second section is defined.
- the separating plate is designed and arranged in such a way that Separation area and in the overflow area an essentially identical Liquid level sets, the liquid level by the Design and the arrangement of the partition plate in the container is.
- a mixture of refrigerant and Lubricant that, as described above, the separation area in the second Part of a supply line from an evaporator of the refrigerator is separated in the separation area due to the different density of lubricants and refrigerants under the influence gravity in two stratified liquid phases.
- the lubricant collects because it is less dense than that Has refrigerant in a substantially single phase Lubricant layer in the deposition area on the liquid surface the lake of the refrigerant forms, and is thus by the separating plate on it prevented in the overflow area and thus in the first section reach.
- the lubricant floats on top of the refrigerant liquid and remains in the second section.
- the separating plate thus represents the Gravity separation in the second section safely and serves as Abscheide Anlagen. Dry gaseous refrigerant used in the second Partial area reaches, can flow freely into the first partial area and be sucked off by compressors there as usual.
- the divider ensures a constant level of the Liquid level in the second section, that is, the location of the Liquid surface that the lake of the refrigerant in the second section forms. An excess of fluid caused by the The amount of liquid in the injected refrigerant becomes very small Overrun speed in the first section.
- a removal device is provided with the lubricant separated from the container on the separating plate is dissipatable.
- the removal device comprises Inclusion of the lubricant a tapping nozzle, which in particular Can be arranged eccentrically with respect to a longitudinal axis of the container. It can also be advantageous between the separating plate and the Removal device, in particular between separating plate and Extraction nozzle, a lubricant catch plate may be arranged, the in particular an angled, preferably approx. 5mm to 10mm wide area which also has the removal of the Lubricant supports.
- the removal device can Include collection container for the lubricant, the extraction nozzle via a line with the collection container for the lubricant in Connection is established.
- the collecting container can further comprise means and be designed so that any residues of the refrigerant from Lubricants are separable and refrigerants or lubricants are separated the collection container in the lubricant circuit or in the Coolant circuit of the refrigerator can be traced.
- a device for Lubricant return comprises the extraction device for control and / or regulating the amount of lubricant to be discharged from the Container a valve, which valve in the line between the extraction nozzle and collecting container is provided and, if necessary, via a Control unit can be actuated.
- a Pump can be provided, the removal of the lubricant from the Separation area of the container supported in the collection container, the Pump of course also control and / or control unit or is adjustable.
- the invention further relates to a refrigeration machine that has an inventive Lubricant return as previously preferred on some Embodiments has been explained.
- the invention relates to a refrigeration machine with a Compressor and an evaporator, the lubricant return is arranged between the compressor and the evaporator.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of essential parts of a Refrigeration machine K with a device for returning lubricant, which in the following is designated as a whole by reference number 1.
- the Refrigeration machine K comprises a compressor 17 as essential system components, a condenser, not shown here, and one also not shown Throttle device, an evaporator 18, and one Lubricant return 1, which is between the compressor 17 and the evaporator 18th is arranged.
- the lubricant device 1 comprises a container 2, as here shown as an example, is designed as a hollow cylinder closed on both sides and through at least one partition plate 3 into a first partial area 4 and a second section 5 is divided. It is understood that the container 2 need not of course be in the form of a hollow cylinder, but can basically have any other suitable shape.
- the second sub-area is via a feed line 181 from an evaporator 18 of the refrigerator K from a mixture loaded with lubricant 6 Refrigerant 16 and lubricant 6 supplied, which in the second section 5 of the Container 2 is separated so that in the first portion 4 of the container 2nd essentially lubricant-free refrigerant 16 arrives and there in liquid Form is collected in container 2.
- a separating plate 7 arranged such that the second Subarea 5 into a separation area A and an overflow area U is divided, ensuring that refrigerant 16 from Separation area A can reach the overflow area U. That will be in the preferred embodiment shown here achieved in that the partition plate 3 designed and in the hollow cylindrical Container 2 is arranged in the middle so that the refrigerant 16 as shown only below the separating plate 7 from Separation area A can reach the overflow area U.
- gaseous Refrigerant 161 can be freely above the separating plate 7 from Separation area A into the overflow area U and the first partial area 4 flow and is sucked there as usual by the compressor 17.
- the overflow area U is between partition plate 3 and Separation plate 7, while the separation area A through the remaining Part of the second section 5 is defined.
- a substantially identical liquid level the liquid level by the design of the partition plate 3, so essentially by its Height H, is specified.
- the mixture loaded with lubricant 6 Refrigerant 16 and lubricant 6 separate in the separation area A. due to the different density of lubricant 6 and refrigerant 16 under the influence of gravity in two stratified liquid phases.
- the lubricant 6 collects due to its lower density in an essentially single-phase lubricant layer 61 in the separation area A on the liquid surface which the lake 162 des Forms refrigerant 16, and is thus prevented by the separating plate 7 to get into the overflow area U and thus into the first partial area 4.
- a removal nozzle 9 arranged with respect to a longitudinal axis L of the container 2 is arranged eccentrically.
- the removal nozzle 9 of course also differently in a suitable manner with regard to the Longitudinal axis L may be arranged.
- the extraction nozzle 9 is suitable for remove the lubricant 6 from the lubricant layer and over the To drain line 11 from the container 2.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of a Device according to the invention for lubricant return 1 shown.
- a lubricant catch plate 10 is arranged, which in particular as a Brim 101 executed, preferably about 5mm to 10mm wide angled area which additionally has the removal of the Lubricant 6 supports or facilitates.
- the The removal device 8 has a collecting container 12 for the lubricant 6, the extraction nozzle 9 via the line 11 with the collecting container 12 communicates.
- the collecting container 12 also has a first one Derivation 14 for residues of the refrigerant 16, which in the collecting container 12th were separated from the lubricant 6 in the coolant circuit attributable, and a second derivative 15 through which the lubricant 6th can be returned to the lubricant circuit of the refrigeration machine K.
- the removal device 8 advantageously comprises for control and / or Regulation of the amount of lubricant 6 to be discharged from the container 2 a valve 13, which valve 13 in line 11 between Extraction nozzle 9 and collection container 12 is provided, as well as a Control unit 131 for actuating valve 13.
- a pump 132 is provided in line 11, which Removing the lubricant 6 from the separation area A of the container 2 supported in the collection container 12.
- the proposed lubricant return allows for a refrigeration machine it, therefore, a lubricant that is lighter than that in the refrigerator
- the refrigerant used is simple and safe from the actual one Separate refrigerant and at the same time optimizes the refrigerant charge Chiller.
Abstract
Description
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- in schematischer Darstellung wesentliche Teile einer Kältemaschine mit einer Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung;
- Fig. 2
- schematisch ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung.
Claims (10)
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine (K) umfassend einen Behälter (2) mit mindestens einem Trennblech (3), welches Trennblech (3) den Behälter (2) in mindestens einen ersten Teilbereich (4) und einen zweiten Teilbereich (5) unterteilt, sowie ein zum Abscheiden von Schmiermittel (6) in dem zweiten Teilbereich (5) angeordnetes Abscheideblech (7), wobei im zweiten Teilbereich (5) eine Entnahmeeinrichtung (8) in Bezug auf das Abscheideblech (7) derart angeordnet und ausgebildet ist, dass das am Abscheideblech (7) abgeschiedene Schmiermittel (6) mittels der Entnahmeeinrichtung (8) aus dem Behälter (2) abführbar ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher die Entnahmeeinrichtung (8) zur Aufnahme des Schmiermittels (6) einen Entnahmestutzen (9) umfasst.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei zwischen dem Abscheideblech (7) und der Entnahmeeinrichtung (8) ein Schmiermittelfangblech (10) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Entnahmeeinrichtung (8) einen mit dem Entnahmestutzen (9) über eine Leitung (11) verbundenen Sammelbehälter (12) für das Schmiermittel (6) umfasst.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach Anspruch 4, wobei zur Steuerung und / oder Regelung der Menge des abzuführenden Schmiermittels (6) aus dem Behälter (2) ein Ventil (13) in der Leitung (11) vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei der Sammelbehälter (12) Mittel (14, 15) umfasst und derart ausgestaltet ist, dass Rückstände eines Kältemittels (16) vom Schmiermittel (6) abtrennbar sind.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittel rückführung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei im Betriebszustand das Schmiermittel (6) ein im Kältemittel (16) im wesentlichen nicht-lösliches Öl ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Kältemittel (16) Kohlendioxid ist.
- Kältemaschine (K) mit einer Schmiermittelrückführung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8.
- Kältmemaschine (K) nach Anspruch 9 mit einem Verdichter (17) und einem Verdampfer (18), wobei die Schmiermittelrückführung zwischen dem Verdichter (17) und dem Verdampfer (18) angeordnet ist.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405707A EP1416234A1 (de) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-01 | Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02405936 | 2002-11-01 | ||
EP02405936 | 2002-11-01 | ||
EP03405707A EP1416234A1 (de) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-01 | Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1416234A1 true EP1416234A1 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
Family
ID=32095056
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405707A Withdrawn EP1416234A1 (de) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-01 | Vorrichtung zur Schmiermittelrückführung für eine Kältemaschine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1416234A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1899378A (en) * | 1926-10-20 | 1933-02-28 | Servel Inc | Method of and apparatus for separating a liquid from other liquids |
EP0672875A2 (de) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-09-20 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Klimaanlage, Sammler dazu und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Sammlers |
EP0887603A2 (de) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-12-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Sammler |
US6339932B1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2002-01-22 | Denso Corporation | Refrigerating cycle using carbon dioxide as refrigerant |
-
2003
- 2003-10-01 EP EP03405707A patent/EP1416234A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1899378A (en) * | 1926-10-20 | 1933-02-28 | Servel Inc | Method of and apparatus for separating a liquid from other liquids |
EP0672875A2 (de) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-09-20 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Klimaanlage, Sammler dazu und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Sammlers |
EP0887603A2 (de) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-12-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Sammler |
US6339932B1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2002-01-22 | Denso Corporation | Refrigerating cycle using carbon dioxide as refrigerant |
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