EP1397533B1 - Procede et dispositif d'enlevement de couche local sur des pieces - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'enlevement de couche local sur des pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1397533B1
EP1397533B1 EP02740263A EP02740263A EP1397533B1 EP 1397533 B1 EP1397533 B1 EP 1397533B1 EP 02740263 A EP02740263 A EP 02740263A EP 02740263 A EP02740263 A EP 02740263A EP 1397533 B1 EP1397533 B1 EP 1397533B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
component
removing liquid
medium
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02740263A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1397533A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Albrecht
Armin Eberlein
Karsten Gold
Albert Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Publication of EP1397533A1 publication Critical patent/EP1397533A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/02—Local etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/44—Compositions for etching metallic material from a metallic material substrate of different composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F5/00—Electrolytic stripping of metallic layers or coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for local stripping of components, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Components of internal combustion engines have a wide variety of coatings.
  • coatings For stripping such coatings, e.g. After damage during operation, so-called dipping methods are known.
  • the component is completely immersed for stripping in an electrochemical bath, so that not only the coated, but all surfaces of the component (base material, layers, etc.) are exposed to a material attack.
  • Selective immersion of the coated areas of the device is dictated by the geometry of the device, i. the lack of accessibility to the coating, often limited.
  • the use of covers for the uncoated areas of the component leads by limited wettability to interfacial reactions and thus to an uncontrolled attack of the uncoated areas.
  • JP 59211576 A There has been known a method for locally stripping Al or Zn-coated steel substrates in which a water-absorbent substance containing an alkaline solvent is brought into contact with the area to be stripped.
  • the substance may consist of fabric, paper, cotton, sponge or a suitable chemical product.
  • Such a method may also be referred to as a "tampon method”.
  • the US-A-616,345 relates to a method for electrochemically stripping turbine blades in an acidic, electrically conductive solution.
  • the adjacent cathode of the component is adapted for a uniform material removal of the component form.
  • the component is covered in regions with a protective mask, leaving the area to be treated free.
  • the masked component is more or less completely immersed in the electrochemical bath. If only one Sohaufel tip coating / armor is to be removed, it may be sufficient to immerse only the blade tip area.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method with which components provided with coatings can be selectively stripped or limited to local areas.
  • a device for selective or local stripping of components is to be provided.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the component is electrochemically stripped by contact with the stripping liquid, the component being anodically switched or pulsed anodically-cathodically, and a cathode spaced from the component being provided and in contact with the decoating liquid is brought.
  • coatings of components can be removed without uncoated surfaces or the base material of the component are attacked by the decoating liquid or Stripp damkeit.
  • the coatings do not have to be completely removed, only the damaged areas are removed. If the component still has other coatings, not all, but only the damaged coatings must be removed. This leads to time and cost savings in the repair process.
  • less decoating liquid is needed than in the dipping process.
  • no additional covers for non-stratified areas of the component are required.
  • the base material below the layer is the same as that in uncoated Areas of the component not or only within the permissible limits attacked.
  • the medium may be wadding or a sponge or a porous material which may be ceramic or synthetic, e.g. synthetic fiber material can be provided.
  • the medium absorbs the liquid and stores it, so that the component is stripped on contact with the medium.
  • the medium is resistant to the Ent fürungswashkeit.
  • the medium is continuously supplied with decoating liquid.
  • the coating liquid may be continuously added to the medium, e.g. be supplied with an inflow or drip device and appropriate control, whereby the area of the component to be stripped is always wetted with decoating liquid and so a dissolution or dissolution of the coating is effected.
  • the constant flow, i. Inlet and outflow, the liquid ensures that the composition of the decoating liquid, which wets the area to be stripped, remains essentially the same.
  • the contact between the stripping fluid containing medium and the area of the component to be stripped can be maintained for a period of time which, depending on the thickness and nature of the coating, can take from a few minutes to several hours and especially from 12 to 48 hours.
  • the medium can be kept in a liquid-impermeable receptacle who the, wherein the shape of which can be formed in accordance with the shape of the component in its ent harshendem area.
  • the formation of the recording preferably takes place in such a way that the medium located during the coating process between the receptacle and the component region to be stripped hugs the component region to be stripped.
  • the receptacle may have at least one inlet, with which the medium is supplied with decoating liquid.
  • an acid or an alkali or a saline solution may be provided depending on the kind of the layer.
  • the method can be used on at least partially coated, metallic components of stationary gas turbines or aircraft engines, such as a blade or an integrally bladed rotor carrier. It can be a variety of coatings, such as hot gas corrosion or Oxidation protection layers or wear protection layers, such as hard particle blade tip armor, are selectively removed in this way or locally.
  • the period of the stripping process can be shortened, wherein with a temperature of the stripping liquid above 40 ° C and especially in the range of 40 to 60 ° C good results can be achieved with shorter stripping periods.
  • the medium and the area of the component to be stripped can be moved relative to one another. In this way, it is possible to remove fine residues on the layer or to expose surfaces of the layer that still have to be removed, with the aim of improving the surface reactions. In addition, the area to be stripped is wetted more uniformly with the stripping liquid and its constant exchange is improved. This leads to a shortening of the stripping period.
  • the solution of the problem is characterized in terms of the device according to the invention by a current source to which the component is connected anodically or by reversing anodic-cathodic, and a medium contacting the cathode.
  • the receiving device may preferably have at least one inlet for the stripping liquid and at least one outlet for liquid, so that a uniform composition of the stripping liquid contacting the areas to be stripped is ensured.
  • the apparatus may preferably have a plurality of receiving devices for simultaneously removing a plurality of coatings or coating regions of a component or have several components.
  • the blade tip armor of several blades can be stripped simultaneously without the uncoated surfaces of the rotor carrier being attacked by the stripping liquid.
  • the blade tip armor of several individual blades of gas turbines can be stripped by the corresponding number of receiving devices simultaneously.
  • the pulsation / polarity reversal can also take place over the entire decoating period.
  • the pulsation / polarity reversal allows certain atoms or molecules, e.g. Hydrogen, attach to the surface of the ent Wegenden component area, which react there to accelerate the stripping process.
  • the control of current and voltage is adapted to the base material of the component and the coating to be stripped (type, thickness, size).
  • Fig. 1 shows an integrally bladed rotor 1 of a gas turbine or an aircraft engine, on whose peripheral surface 2, a plurality of blades 3 are integrally provided.
  • the rotor 1 is a metallic component.
  • the rotor 1 and the blades 3 in the present case consist of a titanium alloy.
  • the blades 3 are provided at their blade tips 4 with (not shown) blade tip armor containing hard particles. When operating the Gas turbines may cause local damage to these blades tip armor 3 on individual blades.
  • the rotor 1 is held in a holding device (not shown) and positioned so that the area of the blade tip armor of a blade 4 to be stripped is brought into contact with a medium containing stripping liquid, wetted with desquamizing liquid and electrochemically Process is stripped.
  • a medium containing stripping liquid wetted with desquamizing liquid and electrochemically Process is stripped.
  • decoating liquid dilute sulfuric acid is used.
  • the medium is inserted into a receiving device whose shape is adapted to the blade tip 4 so that it is completely covered by the medium containing the sulfuric acid.
  • the medium consists in the present case of a synthetic fiber material.
  • the device for carrying out the method for local stripping of the rotor 1 comprises a (not shown) power source to which the rotor 1 is connected anodically.
  • the apparatus further includes a platinum-plated titanium cathode which also contacts the media with the decoating fluid.
  • the electrochemical stripping takes place at room temperature while applying a voltage of less than 10 volts over a period of 24 to 48 hours. Increasing the temperature of the decoating liquid with a heat source to 40 to 60 ° C shortens under the same boundary conditions, the period to 12 to 15 hours.
  • the medium is continuously supplied as an electrolyte serving Ent Anlagend on the blade tip 4 of the blade 3 and causes a local dissolution of the damaged blade tip armor.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment with a single blade 5, which is releasably secured with its blade root 6 together with a plurality of further blades on the circumference of a blade carrier of a gas turbine.
  • the individual blade 5 (or other components to be locally coated) consists of a Ti-based alloy.
  • the individual blade 5, for example also consist of a Ni or Co base alloy.
  • the blade 5 has at its blade tip 7 a coating in the form of a blade tip armor having hard particles, on.
  • a current source (not shown) and a cathode 8 are provided.
  • the individual blade 5 is connected via the contact 9 anodically connected to the power source.
  • a receptacle 10 for the medium has an inlet 11 for a Ent fürungseckkeit, which is an electrolyte, on the inside of the receiving device 10, the electrolyte-receiving, absorbent medium is provided, which is in contact with both the blade 5 and the cathode 8.
  • the electrochemical stripping is carried out by applying a voltage at room temperature over a period of 12 to 48 hours.
  • Dilute sulfuric acid as electrolyte which wets both the area to be stratified on the blade tip 7 and the cathode 8, is constantly supplied to the absorbent medium via the inlet 11. About the flow 12 of the receiving device 10 and the absorbent medium liquid is removed.
  • only the coated regions of the component are brought into contact with the electrochemically active decoating liquid, so that the uncoated component regions are not exposed to any surface attack without additional covering.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Procédé pour enlever localement une couche de revêtement de pièces, selon lequel on prépare une pièce (1, 5) pourvue au moins localement d'un revêtement, on prépare un milieu absorbant, on alimente le milieu avec un liquide d'enlèvement du revêtement et on met le milieu contenant le liquide d'enlèvement du revêtement en contact avec la zone de la pièce (1, 5) à débarrasser du revêtement,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on enlève le revêtement de la pièce (1, 5) de manière électrochimique par contact avec le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement, la pièce (1, 5) étant reliée à l'anode ou de manière pulsée à l'anode et à la cathode, et on prépare une cathode écartée de la pièce (1, 5) et on la met en contact avec le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    comme milieu on prépare de l'ouate ou une éponge ou une matière poreuse.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la matière poreuse est céramique ou synthétique.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement est envoyé en continu au milieu et du liquide est évacué hors du milieu.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le contact de la pièce (1,5) avec le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement est maintenu pendant une certaine durée.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé par
    une durée de quelques minutes à 48 heures.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé par
    une durée de 12 à 48 heures.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le milieu est positionné et maintenu dans un logement.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la forme du logement correspond à la forme de la pièce (1,5) dans sa zone à débarrasser du revêtement.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le logement est réalisé avec au moins une arrivée et au moins une évacuation pour le liquide.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    comme liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement on prépare un acide ou une lessive alcaline ou une solution de sel ou un mélange de ceux-ci.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    comme acide on prépare un acide chlorhydrique ou on prépare un acide sulfurique ou un mélange de ceux-ci.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    comme pièce (1, 5) à débarrasser du revêtement on prépare une pièce métallique ou céramique de turbine à gaz.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la pièce de turbine à gaz est une aube (5) ou un support de rotor (1) à aubes intégrées.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement est chauffé au-delà de la température ambiante.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement est chauffé à une température supérieure à 40 °C.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement est chauffé à une température comprise dans la plage de 40 à 60 °C.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le revêtement est un renforcement de pointe d'aube.
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le milieu et une zone de la pièce (1, 5) à débarrasser du revêtement sont en mouvement relatif l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  20. Dispositif pour enlever localement le revêtement de pièces, comportant au moins un dispositif de maintien pour une pièce (1, 5) pourvue d'un revêtement au moins localement, et au moins un dispositif de réception (10) pour un milieu absorbant contenant un liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement, dans lequel le dispositif de maintien et/ou de logement peut être positionné pour que le milieu contenant le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement soit en contact avec la zone de la pièce (1, 5) à débarrasser du revêtement,
    caractérisé par
    une source de courant, à laquelle la pièce est raccordée à l'anode ou à l'anode-cathode par inversion de polarité, et une cathode (8) en contact avec le milieu.
  21. Dispositif selon la revendication 20,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de réception (10) comporte au moins une arrivée (11) pour le liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement et au moins une évacuation (12) pour le liquide.
  22. Dispositif selon la revendication 20 ou 21,
    caractérisé par
    plusieurs dispositifs de réception (10) pour l'enlèvement simultané de plusieurs revêtements ou dans plusieurs zones de revêtement d'une pièce ou de plusieurs pièces (1, 5).
  23. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 20 à 22,
    caractérisé par
    une source de chaleur pour le chauffage du liquide d'enlèvement de revêtement.
EP02740263A 2001-06-14 2002-04-19 Procede et dispositif d'enlevement de couche local sur des pieces Expired - Lifetime EP1397533B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10128507 2001-06-14
DE10128507A DE10128507B4 (de) 2001-06-14 2001-06-14 Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zum chemischen oder elektrochemischen Bearbeiten von Bauteilen
PCT/DE2002/001447 WO2002103088A1 (fr) 2001-06-14 2002-04-19 Procede et dispositif d'enlevement de couche local sur des pieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1397533A1 EP1397533A1 (fr) 2004-03-17
EP1397533B1 true EP1397533B1 (fr) 2007-10-24

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EP02740263A Expired - Lifetime EP1397533B1 (fr) 2001-06-14 2002-04-19 Procede et dispositif d'enlevement de couche local sur des pieces

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7513986B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1397533B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2450259C (fr)
DE (2) DE10128507B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002103088A1 (fr)

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US7513986B2 (en) 2009-04-07
CA2450259A1 (fr) 2002-12-27
EP1397533A1 (fr) 2004-03-17
WO2002103088A1 (fr) 2002-12-27
CA2450259C (fr) 2010-02-09
DE10128507A1 (de) 2003-01-16
DE10128507B4 (de) 2008-07-17
DE50211111D1 (de) 2007-12-06
US20040244910A1 (en) 2004-12-09

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