EP2047012B1 - Procédé de traitement de la surface d'une piece - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de la surface d'une piece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2047012B1
EP2047012B1 EP07725415.9A EP07725415A EP2047012B1 EP 2047012 B1 EP2047012 B1 EP 2047012B1 EP 07725415 A EP07725415 A EP 07725415A EP 2047012 B1 EP2047012 B1 EP 2047012B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
space
surface treatment
coating
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07725415.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2047012A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Gramm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gramm Technik GmbH
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Gramm Technik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gramm Technik GmbH filed Critical Gramm Technik GmbH
Publication of EP2047012A1 publication Critical patent/EP2047012A1/fr
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Publication of EP2047012B1 publication Critical patent/EP2047012B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/04—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
    • C25D17/12—Shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/08—Electroplating with moving electrolyte e.g. jet electroplating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the surface treatment of a workpiece.
  • a metallic coating is applied to a surface of a workpiece by means of a chemical or electrochemical reaction.
  • the metallic coating is used to refine the surface of the workpiece, for example with regard to hardness, electrical conductivity, corrosion protection, catalytic properties, optical properties.
  • the workpiece In electrochemical plating, the workpiece is placed in an electrolytic bath in which a consumable electrode consisting of the material required for the coating is immersed. By applying a DC voltage between the workpiece and the consumable electrode, the latter is removed and the coating is built up on the workpiece. The electric current dissolves metal ions from the consumable electrode and stores them by reduction on the workpiece. Thus, the object to be refined is uniformly coated on all sides. The longer the workpiece is in the bath, the thicker the coating becomes.
  • the process of chemical electroplating is basically identical, but uses the predetermined by the electronegativity of the chemical elements potential difference between the workpiece and typically dissolved in the bath coating material.
  • the workpiece When plating, the workpiece is subjected to a variety of other, preparatory and post-treatment surface treatments in addition to the actual coating.
  • the workpiece must be cleaned before coating, since the quality of the surface that can be produced by electroplating very much depends on the quality of the surface of the workpiece to be coated. The cleaning is done by degreasing and rinsing the surface of the still uncoated workpiece.
  • a material to be coated by electroplating workpiece all electrically conductive materials are. Non-conductive materials must first be coated with a conductive layer, for example of a silver conductive ink. This process is also known as activation. After coating, the coated surface must first be cleaned of still adhering electrolyte, and then dried.
  • galvanic systems consist of a very long series of tanks, in which the various surface treatments or process steps take place successively.
  • the tubs are each required with one for the respective surface treatment Liquid filled.
  • a workpiece must be transported from one tub to the other for each process step.
  • the process results are not always satisfactory because the quality of the coating, for example, suffers from local heating during the application of the coating. Likewise, it can not be ensured with the known devices that the coating has a uniform thickness.
  • the surface treatment is a galvanic metal deposition.
  • the device comprises a container which is formed by a jacket which encloses a region which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and is traversed by an electrolyte.
  • the workpiece is guided by means of both sides limiting the container inlet and outlet nozzles and can be moved through the container in a continuous process.
  • the workpiece and container are not in direct contact, so that the inner dimensions of the container in the cross-sectional direction are slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the workpiece. In such a device, the workpiece must be transported adversely for each surface treatment required to produce a coating.
  • a device for surface treatment of a metallic workpiece by electroplating has a jacket which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and accommodates a part of the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which can be filled with an electrolyte required as a medium for surface treatment.
  • the jacket consists of a plastic tube with lead anode disposed therein, and a felt material disposed within the anode.
  • the jacket is spaced apart from the workpiece by a gap, ie it has internal dimensions which are uniformly slightly larger in the cross-sectional direction than the external dimensions of the cross section of the workpiece.
  • a brush material is arranged, which holds the guided through a supply line into the gap electrolyte between the workpiece and the anode.
  • the workpiece may rotate about its longitudinal axis during surface treatment in the device.
  • Fresh electrolyte can be continuously fed to the gap and spent again be discharged. Again, the workpiece must be transported unfavorably for each required for the production of a coating surface treatment.
  • the JP 60056087 A a device for surface treatment of a workpiece is known.
  • the device has a jacket which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and receives the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which can be filled with an electrolyte.
  • the inside dimensions of the space are slightly larger in the cross-sectional direction than the outside dimensions of the workpiece.
  • the mantle consists of two semi-cylindrical inner surfaces which simultaneously serve as electrodes.
  • the workpiece forms the counter electrode. Two holders seal the room from the environment. At the same time you hold the workpiece in the room.
  • the electrolyte in the room is continuously exchanged. This has the disadvantage that the workpiece has to be transported further for each individual surface treatment required to produce a coating.
  • JP 60033383 A a device for surface treatment of a workpiece is known.
  • the device has a jacket which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and accommodates the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which can be filled with an electrolyte.
  • the internal dimensions of the room are slight in the cross-sectional direction larger than the outer dimensions of the workpiece.
  • the jacket consists of a non-conductive cylinder and a pair of frontally projecting into the cylinder holders, which also serve as electrodes. The holders close the room. At the same time you hold the workpiece in the room.
  • the electrolyte is continuously exchanged in the room.
  • the disadvantage is that here too the workpiece has to be transported further for each individual surface treatment required to produce a coating.
  • the device has a jacket which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and receives the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which can be filled with an electrolyte.
  • the inside dimensions of the space are slightly larger in the cross-sectional direction than the outside dimensions of the workpiece.
  • the jacket consists of a hollow cylindrical anode and an end piece.
  • the workpiece forms the cathode.
  • Two holders seal the room from the environment. At the same time you hold the workpiece in the room.
  • the electrolyte is continuously exchanged in the room.
  • the device has a jacket which is complementary to a cross-section of the workpiece and receives the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which can be filled with an electrolyte.
  • the inside dimensions of the space are slightly larger in the cross-sectional direction than the outside dimensions of the workpiece.
  • the jacket consists of a hollow cylindrical anode.
  • the workpiece contacted via a holder serving as a cathode forms the cathode.
  • Two holders seal the room from the environment. At the same time you hold the workpiece in the room.
  • the electrolyte is continuously exchanged in the room.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a method for surface treatment of a workpiece.
  • a device for the surface treatment of a workpiece in particular electroplating, cleaning and the like, accordingly comprises a jacket which accommodates at least a part of the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment and which has a medium required for a surface treatment, for example wrapped in a galvanizing agent, cleaning agent or the like fillable space.
  • the inner dimensions of the shell are equally greater in all directions, preferably 0.001 to 10 mm larger than the outer dimensions of the corresponding cross-section of the workpiece.
  • the invention prevails in the sheath-enveloped, filled with a medium required for the surface treatment space at least during a first surface treatment of the workpiece negative pressure to the environment, thereby escaping the usually harmful and especially when applying a coating media used as well as resulting vapors and the like the space into the environment during the surface treatment is prevented.
  • the generation of negative pressure in the room can be done, for example, most simply by the fact that liquid media by means of a vacuum source, such as a self-priming pump are sucked through the device according to the invention. This creates a negative pressure in the room.
  • a second surface treatment preferably by introducing superheated steam into the space for cleaning the workpiece, there is overpressure to the environment, thereby ensuring highly efficient, simultaneous drying and rinsing of the surface to be treated with minimal water consumption is.
  • higher temperatures can be applied for cleaning with superheated steam, with any escape of the superheated steam from the space that occurs possibly having no harmful influence on the environment.
  • the introduction of the superheated steam is preferably carried out via a separate supply and removal.
  • the use of superheated steam for cleaning has the advantage over the liquids conventionally used that subsequent drying of the workpiece takes place automatically by the heat energy stored in the material and removed from the superheated steam. This represents a considerable simplification of the galvanization process.
  • the distance between the workpiece and the jacket is substantially the same at all points. Due to the uniform spacing, a uniform thickness of the coating during galvanizing is ensured in the device according to the invention. Due to the complementary shape and thus uniformly small distance between the shell and the workpiece, an acceleration of the coating process is also achieved.
  • the workpiece to be coated is, for example, a pipe, a cylindrical piston with an end-side recess, or an otherwise shaped workpiece with a cavity accessible through an opening
  • an external and internal coating of the workpiece can be carried out at the same time provided that the device covers the opening to the cavity, or encloses the entire workpiece.
  • An advantageous embodiment provides that the jacket enclosing the space that is complementary to at least one cross section of the workpiece encloses only a part of the workpiece in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the workpiece perpendicular to the cross section, as well as means for sealing gaps remaining between the jacket and the workpiece the environment has.
  • such a device according to the invention comprises means for displacing the jacket which encloses the space complementary to at least one cross-section of the workpiece in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece.
  • the coat points here Preferably, substantially in the form of a top and bottom open, one to a suitable cross section of the workpiece complementary cross-section having ring.
  • a suitable cross-section is to be regarded as such a cross-section which, apart from, for example, section-wise tapers, recesses and the like, is preferably substantially constant along an axis of the workpiece.
  • the ring has circumferential edges, lips or the like projecting inwards in the direction of a workpiece to be wrapped.
  • the space enclosed by the jacket is complementary to the entire outer shape of the workpiece to be subjected to a surface treatment, wherein the inner dimensions of the jacket are equally small in all directions, preferably 0.001 to 10 mm, than the External dimensions of the workpiece.
  • the shell forms a closed example at its bottom and open at its top, with a surface treatment required medium, for example, with galvanizing agents, cleaning agents and the like fillable and closable against the environment container into which the workpiece, for example, from above can be introduced.
  • the container is preferably hermetically sealed during the surface treatment of the workpiece.
  • the jacket is electrically contactable as an electrode.
  • the jacket is for this purpose preferably made of an electrochemically stable, electrically conductive material.
  • the device comprises means for supplying and discharging different media in the room while different Surface treatments.
  • Suitable means include, for example, a preferably automatically actuated distributor slide.
  • the media used for different surface treatments are hereby added to and removed separately.
  • the separate supply and discharge can be done in sections by common supply and discharge lines in and out of the jacket enveloped space. It is also conceivable to provide for the different media each have their own supply and discharge lines in and out of the room. This ensures that the device works wastewater-free and as a closed system.
  • the device equipped with means for supplying and discharging different media into the room during different surface treatments can be automated.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment comprises means for continuously passing a medium required for the surface treatment through the space enclosed by the jacket during a surface treatment. Due to the continuous passage of a medium required for a surface treatment through the largely occupied by the workpiece space, a flow around the workpiece is achieved.
  • This has the following advantages: During degreasing and cleaning, impurities are entrained by the high flow rate. The quality of the two process steps is thereby improved.
  • During coating a uniform heat distribution at the surface of the workpiece is ensured by the flowing medium. As a result, local overheating no longer occurs that could affect the quality of the coating.
  • gas bubbles generated during the electrolysis process are entrained by the high flow velocity of the medium.
  • a better mixing of the electrolyte is ensured, resulting in a uniform concentration of dissolved in the electrolyte substances result. This also ensures a consistent quality of the coating.
  • An in Fig. 1 illustrated device 20 for the surface treatment of a workpiece 1 essentially comprises a running example of a metal tube 2 jacket.
  • the metal tube 2 encloses a space 17 which is complementary to at least one cross-section of the workpiece 1 and accommodates at least a portion of the workpiece 1 to be subjected to a surface treatment.
  • the internal dimensions of the metal tube 2 are equally preferably 0.001 in all directions to 10 mm larger than the outer dimensions of the corresponding cross section of the workpiece 1.
  • a core of the device 20 is the electrode 9 designed as anode or cathode. It comprises the metal tube 2 forming the jacket, which is electrochemically resistant.
  • a non-metallic guide sleeve 4 is used, which is for centering the workpiece 1 and the lower boundary serves that region of the workpiece 1, on which a coating is to be applied.
  • An upper boundary is formed by the upper edge of the metal tube 2 serving as the electrode 9.
  • An electrical contacting of the electrode 9 takes place on the outside of the metal tube 2.
  • a baffle plate 13 Above the electrode 9 is a baffle plate 13, which distributes, for example, the superheated steam used for rinsing from the inlet 10 into the gap 3 between the electrode 9 and the workpiece 1.
  • Above the seal 8 is arranged.
  • the seal can be actuated by compressed air and closes the space 17 of the device according to the invention with respect to the environment.
  • the seal 8 is placed in its structural arrangement so that it lies outside the sphere of influence of the aggressive media used.
  • the electrode 9 is clamped between plates 15, 16.
  • Circumferential seals 14 ensure sealing of the space 17 from the environment.
  • the respective medium is distributed from the input 5 coming from the space 17 with therein befindlichem workpiece 1 remaining gap 3 with very high flow velocity from bottom to top ,
  • the medium used in each case flows with the space 17 or the gap 3 connected via a connecting channel 7 into an annular channel 11 and is sucked off via an outlet 6.
  • the device 20 is applicable in connection with cylindrical workpieces.
  • the device 20 allows automatic high-speed coating of cylindrical surfaces or workpieces.
  • the term automatic coating refers to the fact that the workpiece 1 after its mechanical production, ie the production of its outer Form by milling, turning, grinding, honing, polishing or the like, is used manually or by means of an auxiliary device in a device 20 according to the invention.
  • an automated process takes place, in which first the workpiece 1 is clamped by the clamping of a seal 8 and the metal tube 2 enveloped, the workpiece 1 at least partially receiving, located in the device 20 space 17 is sealed against the environment. Then, the workpiece 1 is electrically contacted. Subsequently, the surface treatments by degreasing, rinsing, activating, and then the surface treatment of the coating itself are carried out by plating-preparing surface treatments. For this purpose, a medium required for the respective process step is supplied to the space 17 in each case. Liquid media required for this purpose flow via a connection 5 into the space 17, are distributed over the gap 17 remaining from the workpiece 1 in a ring channel 11 serving as a return space, and flow off again via a line 12 serving as outlet 6.
  • the liquid media are sucked off at the serving as outlet 6 line 12. As a result, there is negative pressure in the entire device 20 with respect to the environment. By this measure, none of the liquid media can splash out at a leak.
  • gap 3 between anode and cathode, ie between electrode 9 and workpiece 1 very high flow velocities of the liquid media used are achieved, through which the gas bubbles produced during the entire electrolysis process are already entrained during their formation.
  • the gas discharges can be separated in a separate, separate from the space 17 gas separator.
  • the workpiece 1 is rinsed by passing superheated superheated steam through the inlet 10 into the space 17 of adhering electrolyte and dried.
  • the workpiece can then be coated, cleaned and removed from the device 20.
  • the electrical contact is released and the seal 8 is opened.
  • the coated workpiece 1 can be removed from the device 20 manually or by means of an auxiliary device.
  • FIG. 2 An in Fig. 2 shown, several hereby referred to as cell A, B, C devices comprising facility AV has a distribution system, via several tanks I, II, III, IV, V for storage of the individual process steps, ie surface treatments, required media contains.
  • the distributor system comprises a preferably automatically actuated distributor slide V1, which assigns the required medium to the respectively running process step. By assigning the corresponding medium to the space of the cell A, B, C is supplied, in which there is the workpiece to be treated, or a part thereof.
  • the respective medium is sucked in via an intake line AS through the individual cells A, B, C and via a second distributor slide V2 after flowing through the negative pressure with respect to the surrounding space back into the corresponding tank I, II, III, IV, V out.
  • the system AV preferably comprises one or more current sources for the individual cells A, B, C with which or an exact dimensional accuracy and quality of the thickness of the coating is achieved.
  • the workpieces subjected to a surface treatment in cells A, B, C can be removed in a coated, rinsed and dried state.
  • the device can be integrated into a production line and is fully automatable.
  • the device comprises or is part of a system which is tightly sealed with all the media required for all process steps occurring during electroplating, such as stain, electrolyte, rinse water, superheated steam, and is supplied with electricity.
  • the workpiece 1 to be coated by means of a device 20 is as in FIG Fig. 3 shown around a tube 22, a cylindrical piston with a frontal recess, or an otherwise shaped workpiece with an accessible through at least one opening 18 cavity 19, so at the same time an external and internal coating of the workpiece 1 can be performed by the here as Metal tube 2 executed coat the device 20, the opening 18 to the cavity 19 out over, or the entire workpiece 1 encloses.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is moreover that the rinsing and drying following the coating take place by means of superheated steam.
  • the steam cleans both the coated surface of the workpiece and the electrode.
  • evaporation of condensate takes place on the surface.
  • the condensate contains no salts, no dry stains are formed.
  • the workpiece leaves the device cleaned and dried.
  • a higher surface quality can be achieved than in the prior art.
  • the condensate which optionally drips off after cleaning with superheated steam, can be collected in a disposal tank or returned to the process as needed. For example, in order to be able to achieve higher steam temperatures, overpressure relative to the environment prevails in the space enclosed by the jacket, at least during final cleaning.
  • the device can also be designed so that the space receiving the workpiece is formed by a complementary ring to a cross-section of the workpiece, which is pulled over a cross section of the workpiece.
  • the ring is open on both sides. Sealing lips or otherwise adjustable seals close off the annular gaps on both sides between the ring and the workpiece.
  • the ring can be displaced with respect to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, for example by means of a motor, so as to coat in sections the entire surface of the workpiece, or only parts of the surface.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in the field of surface treatment of workpieces, such as in electroplating, as well as in the manufacture of devices and equipment for surface treatment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de traitement de surface d'une pièce (1) dans lequel la pièce (1) est d'abord coincée par le serrage d'un joint d'étanchéité (8) et un espace (17), enveloppé dans un tube métallique, logeant au moins partiellement la pièce (1), se trouvant dans un dispositif (20), est scellé de manière étanche par rapport à l'environnement, puis la pièce (1) est mise en contact électrique, puis les traitements de surface préparant le revêtement par galvanisation : dégraissage, rinçage, activation ainsi que le traitement de surface du revêtement lui-même sont effectués, moyennant quoi pour cela, un milieu liquide nécessaire pour l'étape correspondante du procédé est introduit dans l'espace (17), grâce au fait que les milieux liquides nécessaires pour cela s'écoulent dans l'espace (17) par un raccord (5), se répartissent d'un interstice (3) subsistant dans l'espace (17) logeant la pièce (1) vers un canal annulaire (11) servant d'espace de retour, et sortent à nouveau par une conduite (12) servant d'évacuation (6), les milieux liquides étant aspirées au niveau de la conduite (12) servant d'évacuation (6) et, après le revêtement, la pièce (1) est rincée et séchée par l'introduction de vapeur très chaude sous pression grâce l'entrée (10) dans l'espace (17) d'un électrolyte adhésif.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    la pièce du dispositif (20) étant ensuite retirée revêtue, nettoyée et séchée, la mise en contact électrique étant supprimée et le joint d'étanchéité (8) étant ouvert.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    moyennant quoi, au moins lors du nettoyage final, il règne une surpression par rapport à l'environnement.
EP07725415.9A 2006-07-21 2007-05-22 Procédé de traitement de la surface d'une piece Active EP2047012B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006034277A DE102006034277A1 (de) 2006-07-21 2006-07-21 Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Werkstücks
PCT/EP2007/004509 WO2008009325A1 (fr) 2006-07-21 2007-05-22 dispositif de traitement de la surface d'une pièce

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2047012A1 EP2047012A1 (fr) 2009-04-15
EP2047012B1 true EP2047012B1 (fr) 2017-07-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07725415.9A Active EP2047012B1 (fr) 2006-07-21 2007-05-22 Procédé de traitement de la surface d'une piece

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2047012B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006034277A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008009325A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015106432A1 (de) * 2015-04-27 2016-10-27 Gramm Technik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks
DE102018110905A1 (de) 2018-05-07 2019-11-07 Lucas Automotive Gmbh Elektrode für ein Eloxal-Verfahren
AT522169B1 (de) * 2019-10-16 2020-09-15 Ess Holding Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Werkstückes in einer Fertigungsstraße
CN113477606B (zh) * 2021-06-29 2022-09-02 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 一种船体结构油漆的去除方法

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JPS51119333A (en) * 1975-04-14 1976-10-19 Taisei Corp Method of vertical alignment
JPS56142891A (en) * 1980-04-05 1981-11-07 Kawasaki Steel Corp High speed plating method in electroplating of radial cell system
JPS57143488A (en) * 1981-03-03 1982-09-04 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd High speed plating device
JPS57143487A (en) * 1981-03-03 1982-09-04 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd High speed plating device
JPS6033383A (ja) * 1983-08-03 1985-02-20 Toyota Motor Corp 高速めつき方法及び装置
JPS6056087A (ja) * 1983-09-02 1985-04-01 Chuo Seisakusho:Kk 高速メッキ処理装置
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JP2001200391A (ja) * 2000-01-19 2001-07-24 Suzuki Motor Corp メッキ前処理装置
DE10140934A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-20 Gramm Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur galvanischen Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken
DE10347991A1 (de) * 2003-10-15 2005-05-12 Metallglanz Gmbh Reaktionsbehälter für das Hochgeschwindigkeitsbeschichten von Behandlungsgut mittels galvanischer Metallabscheidung
RU2258771C1 (ru) * 2003-11-28 2005-08-20 Никифоров Алексей Александрович Устройство для оксидирования внутренней поверхности пустотелых цилиндрических изделий
JP4391893B2 (ja) * 2004-06-16 2009-12-24 本田技研工業株式会社 メッキ装置
JP4391894B2 (ja) * 2004-06-16 2009-12-24 本田技研工業株式会社 メッキ装置

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Publication number Publication date
WO2008009325A1 (fr) 2008-01-24
EP2047012A1 (fr) 2009-04-15
DE102006034277A1 (de) 2008-01-24

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