Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K8/042—Gels
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
  • A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
  • A61K8/0283—Matrix particles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/738—Cyclodextrins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7015—Drug-containing film-forming compositions, e.g. spray-on
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q13/00—Formulations or additives for perfume preparations
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
  • C03C1/006—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels to produce glass through wet route
  • C03C1/008—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels to produce glass through wet route for the production of films or coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/624—Sol-gel processing
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
  • C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38672—Granulated or coated enzymes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/50—Perfumes
  • C11D3/502—Protected perfumes
  • C11D3/505—Protected perfumes encapsulated or adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. zeolite or clay
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/56—Compounds, absorbed onto or entrapped into a solid carrier, e.g. encapsulated perfumes, inclusion compounds, sustained release forms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/60—Particulates further characterized by their structure or composition
  • A61K2800/65—Characterized by the composition of the particulate/core
  • A61K2800/651—The particulate/core comprising inorganic material
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/60—Particulates further characterized by their structure or composition
  • A61K2800/65—Characterized by the composition of the particulate/core
  • A61K2800/652—The particulate/core comprising organic material

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a system for releasing active substances or active substances, in particular from surfaces.
• the present invention relates to a mass containing active substance and / or active substance, in particular for the production of films, layers and / or coatings on surfaces, and a process for their production and their use.
• active substances or active substances such as fragrances, essential oils, perfume oils and care oils, dyes or pharmaceutically active substances, which are used in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical products or in detergents and cleaning agents, often lose during storage or directly during use their activity.
• Sensitive substances are often enclosed in capsules of various sizes, adsorbed on suitable carrier materials or chemically modified. The release can then be activated with the aid of a suitable mechanism, for example mechanically by shearing, or can take place diffusively directly from the matrix material.
• Systems are therefore sought that are suitable as encapsulation, transport or presentation vehicles - often synonymously also referred to as “delivery systems” or “carrier systems”.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a new carrier system for active substances and / or active substances, which in particular enables a controlled release of these substances.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a system with a depot and release function for active substances and active substances, in particular on surfaces.
• the object of the present invention is in particular the development of a coating for the depot maintenance and / or controlled release of active substances or active substances, such as, for example, colorants and fragrances, care oils, vitamins, enzymes, antibacterially active substances or other active substances.
• active substances or active substances such as, for example, colorants and fragrances, care oils, vitamins, enzymes, antibacterially active substances or other active substances.
• the present invention thus relates to a process for the preparation of a mass containing active substance and / or active substance, which is particularly suitable for the production of films, coatings, layers and / or coatings, a sol / gel process being carried out in the presence of at least one Carried active substance and / or active substance carries out.
• Sol / gel processes per se are readily familiar to the person skilled in the art (see, for example, Römpp-Lexikon Chemie, 9th edition, volume 5, page 4140, keyword “sol-gel process” and literature cited therein; CJ Brinker, GW Scheerer, "Sol-Gel-Science: The physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing", Academic Press, San Diego, 1998).
• the term "sol-gel process” or “sol-gel process” means a process in which glasses or ceramic compositions are finally obtained from initially soluble compounds via the intermediate stage of a gel.
• sol / gel processes have not yet been used to generate depot or release systems for active substances. It is thanks to the applicant that it has found that sol / gel processes are suitable for generating systems of the type mentioned above.
• a sol / gel process is therefore carried out in the presence of a suitable sol / gel precursor (sol / gel precursor) and a carrier molecule loaded with at least one active substance and / or active substance, ie in other words the gel formation is started achieved by a suitable sol / gel precursor in the presence of a carrier molecule loaded with at least one active substance and / or active substance.
• the carrier molecule loaded with at least one active substance and / or active substance is embedded in a preferably porous sol / gel matrix (gel matrix) formed in the sol / gel process.
• the sol / gel precursor must therefore lead to gel formation in a sol / gel process, in particular under hydrolysis conditions (for example acid hydrolysis, for example with hydrochloric acid) with subsequent polycondensation reaction.
• Sol / gel precursors suitable according to the invention i. H. Starting compounds capable of gel formation are known per se to the person skilled in the art.
• Sol / gel precursors which can be used according to the invention are, for example, compounds of silicon, boron, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, vanadium etc. which are capable of gel formation.
• suitable silicon / boron and / or are preferred as sol / gel precursors
• Aluminum compounds, in particular organosilicon, organoboron and / or organoaluminium compounds, are used.
• Sol / gel precursors suitable according to the invention are in particular selected from the group of di-, tri- and / or tetrafunctional silicic acid, boric acid and aluminum esters, in particular alkoxysilanes (alkyl orthosilicates), and their precursors.
• sol / gel precursors suitable according to the invention are alkoxysilanes of the general formula
• X represents hydrogen or a radical -OR 3 ,
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently of the other, denote an organic radical, in particular a linear or branched alkyl radical, preferably (-C-d 2 ) alkyl.
• Compounds which are particularly preferred according to the invention are the silicic acid esters tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS).
• sol / gel precursors suitable according to the invention are described, for example, in German patent application 100 21 165.9 of Henkel KGaA dated April 29, 2000 with the designation "system for the release of active substances", the disclosure of which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.
• organosilanes such as.
• the sol / gel process is carried out with the aforementioned sol / gel precursors in a manner known per se to the person skilled in the art, namely generally by hydrolysis of these compounds, in particular in the presence of acids, bases or other catalysts such as, for. B. fluorides, with subsequent polycondensation reaction. Acid hydrolysis is preferred according to the invention.
• the sol / gel process i. H. the gelling (in particular hydrolysis with subsequent polycondensation) is then generally followed by removal of the solvent or dispersion medium which may be present. Generally this is done by heat treatment.
• the heat treatment which can optionally be carried out under reduced pressure or vacuum, can in particular be carried out at temperatures from approximately 20 ° C. to approximately 100 ° C. or more.
• the heat treatment is carried out in particular for a period of about 1 hour to about 24 hours or more.
• the sol / gel process and heat treatment can, for example, also merge continuously.
• the heat treatment not only removes any solvent that may be present, but also the preferably porous gel matrix (sol / gel matrix) - by further chemical conversion - into a preferably porous glass matrix (sol / gel glass matrix), in which the Carrier molecules loaded with active substance and / or active substance are embedded.
• a matrix based on polysilicic acids, silicates, borates and / or aluminates is formed.
• the active substance- and / or active substance-containing mass produced according to the invention and obtainable by the sol / gel process can be applied in films, coatings, layers and / or coatings to the surface of a suitable carrier material, so that coated surfaces are then formed after the heat treatment , as explained below.
• Surface carrier materials suitable according to the invention, to which the coating composition produced according to the invention can be applied are, for example, glasses and ceramics of all kinds; inorganic oxides such as aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, boron oxide, titanium oxide, etc .; silica gels; Cellulose products of all kinds; Plastic products of all kinds; Fabrics, fabrics, fleeces, knitted fabrics and felts of all kinds; Metals and metal alloys of all kinds; and other, preferably inert carriers and carrier materials as well as macro- and mesoporous carriers. Spherical carrier particles of the aforementioned materials are also suitable as carriers.
• the present invention thus relates to a process for producing a mass containing active substance and / or active substance, in particular for producing films, layers and / or coatings, which comprises the following process steps:
• step (b) preparation of a homogeneous mixture of the carrier molecule loaded in step (a) with a suitable sol / gel precursor, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent or dispersant; (c) carrying out a sol / gel process in the mixture prepared in step (b), so that a preferably porous sol / gel matrix is formed in which the carrier molecules loaded with active substance and / or active substance are embedded;
• step (d) optionally heat treatment of the sol / gel matrix produced in step (c), so that any solvent or dispersion medium present is removed and a preferably porous sol / gel glass matrix, preferably based on polysilicic acids, silicates, borates and / or Aluminates is formed, in which the active substance and / or active substance-loaded carrier molecules are embedded.
• the mixture produced in step (b) and / or the sol / gel matrix produced in step (c) can be processed or applied to form films, coatings, layers and / or coatings.
• the mixture produced in step (b) and / or the sol / gel matrix produced in step (c) can be applied to a preferably inert carrier surface, preferably as a film, coating, layer and / or coating;
• a preferably inert carrier surface preferably as a film, coating, layer and / or coating
• Layer thicknesses of 100 nm to 10 mm, in particular 1,000 nm to 2 mm, are preferred.
• the carrier surface coated with the carrier molecules loaded with active substance and / or active substance can be subjected to a heat treatment, so that any solvent or dispersion medium present is removed and one with a preferably porous sol / gel-glass matrix, preferably based on silicates, polysilicic acids, borates and / or aluminates, results in a coated support surface, the sol / gel-glass matrix containing the active substance- and / or active substance-loaded carrier molecules in stored form, preferably in a homogeneous distribution ; in other words, the heat treatment causes the gel matrix initially produced by the sol / gel process - also referred to synonymously in the present application as "sol / gel matrix" - into a glass matrix - synonymously also in the present application as "sol / gel glass matrix” designated - converted.
• the sol process is carried out in the presence of a carrier molecule loaded with at least one active substance and / or active substance.
• the carrier molecule is a molecule or a compound with molecular cavities, cavities, pores, channels, pockets or the like, which can accommodate the respective active substance and / or active substance molecules.
• the carrier molecule or the carrier compound must have sufficiently large molecular cavities, cavities, pores, channels, pockets or the like in order to take up the respective active substance and / or active substance molecules, ie to store, include, complex, etc.
• Cavities with diameters of about 200 to about 1,500 pm, in particular about 300 to about 1,400 pm, preferably about 400 to about 1,350 pm, are required.
• the molecular cavities, cavities, pores, channels, pockets or the like of the carrier molecules contain polar groups, for example are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, depending on the type and nature of the active substance and / or active substance molecule to be included.
• the carrier molecule is preferably an organic carrier molecule.
• carrier molecules suitable according to the invention are all molecules, in particular organic in nature, with molecular cavities, cavities, pores, channels, pockets or the like which are sufficiently large to accommodate the respective active substance and / or active substance molecules, i.e. H. store, enclose, complex, etc.
• the carrier molecule can be selected from the group of cyclodextrins (cycloamyloses, cycloglucans) and calixarenes, optionally in modified and / or activated form, as well as their derivatives and mixtures. If cyclodextrins according to the invention as carrier molecules used, these can be selected from the group of ⁇ -, ⁇ - and ⁇ -cyclodextrins, optionally in modified or activated form, and their derivatives. Examples of functionalized or modified cyclodextrins include, for example, alkyl and / or hydroxyalkyl and / or amino group-substituted cyclodextrins.
• the concentration ratio of active substance or active substance to carrier molecule can vary within wide limits and can reach, for example, up to 1: 1 (molar), ie. H. one active substance or active substance molecule per carrier molecule.
• the concentration of the carrier molecule loaded with active substance and / or active substance (eg cyclodextrin-active substance complex) in the starting solution or dispersion for the sol / gel process can likewise be in wide ranges vary and, for example, 0.1 to 99 wt .-%, in particular 5 to 25 wt .-%, based on the starting solution or dispersion
• the concentration of sol / gel precursor in the starting solution or dispersion can likewise vary within wide ranges and for example 20 to 80% by weight, in particular 30 to 60% by weight, be.
• the sol / gel process itself can be carried out in wide temperature ranges, in particular at 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 80 ° C., particularly preferably 40 to 60 ° C.
• the reaction time can be about 1 hour to about 2 days, preferably 2 hours. It is preferably carried out at low or acidic pH values, in particular at pH values below 7, in particular from 0 to 3, preferably 1, 7 to 2.
• a typical representation of organic-inorganic hybrid layers according to the invention by means of the sol / gel process looks as follows:
• the representation of suitable coating solutions or dispersions is carried out by mixing a suitable sol / gel precursor, such as, for. B. a tetraalkoxysilane or tetraalkyl orthosilicate of the formula Si (OR) 4 such as TMOS or TEOS, with a suitable hydrolysis agent (e.g. hydrochloric acid HCI) and with the complexed or embedded active substance and / or active substance in an organic carrier molecule.
• a suitable sol / gel precursor such as, for. B. a tetraalkoxysilane or tetraalkyl orthosilicate of the formula Si (OR) 4 such as TMOS or TEOS
• a suitable hydrolysis agent e.g. hydrochloric acid HCI
• complex carrier molecules substances with molecular cavities, such as.
• cyclodextrins or calixarenes
• the complexing molecule suitable for each active ingredient must be chosen based on the size of the molecular cavity.
• the coating solution is then, for example, on a solid support, e.g. B. a glass plate, applied. After heat treatment at, for example, approximately 60 ° C. for 24 hours and, if appropriate, under the action of a vacuum, a solid film containing the active ingredient is produced.
• the incorporation of molecular complexes from carrier molecules such as. As cyclodextrins, and coordinated active substance and / or active substance molecules sufficient to achieve a controlled release of the active substances from the coatings.
• the release is then only determined by the complexation constant for the active ingredient and / or active ingredient in the carrier molecule (e.g. cyclodextrin or calixarene) and the rate of diffusion of the active ingredient through the coating material (e.g. silicate).
• the release therefore requires either a porosity of the material and / or a certain solubility of the active substance in the material so that access to the surface of the coating and thus release can take place. This is usually the case.
• any active substances and / or active substances can be used as active substances and / or active substances with which the carrier molecules are loaded.
• those active substances and / or active substances are preferred which are essentially inert under the reaction conditions of the sol / gel process or which are essentially not converted.
• the active substance or active substance is at least partially soluble in the gel and / or glass matrix.
• the active substance and / or active substance can be selected from the group of fragrances; Oils such as essential oils, perfume oils, care oils, fragrance oils and silicone oils; antibacterial, antiviral or fungicidal active substances; disinfectant and antimicrobial substances; deodorants; Anti-oxidants; pharmaceutically active substances; biologically active substances and biogenic active substances; Vitamins and vitamin complexes; Enzymes and enzymatic systems such as amylases, cellulases, lipases and proteases; cosmetically active substances such as ingredients for cosmetics and personal care products; substances active in washing and cleaning, such as all kinds of surfactants, inorganic and organic acids active in washing and / or cleaning, Soil repellent and soil release agents, oxidants and bleaching agents such as in particular hypochlorites and peroxides, bleach activators, builders and cobuilders, anti-redeposition additives, graying and discoloration inhibitors, active substances for color protection, substances and additives for laundry care, optical brighteners, pH inhibitors, foam inhibitors Adjust
• the process according to the invention leads to the production of masses containing active substance and / or active substance, which are particularly suitable for the production of films, coatings, layers and / or coatings on support surfaces of all kinds.
• the method according to the invention therefore likewise represents a method for producing carrier surfaces with a protective function and / or depot retention of active substances and / or active substances and thus also a method for the protection and / or depot retention of active substances and / or active substances, in particular on carrier surfaces Carrier surfaces coated in this way have a controlled release function for active substances and / or active substances.
• the present invention also relates to the active substance- and / or active substance-containing compositions, in particular for the production of films, coatings, layers and / or coatings which can be obtained by the process according to the invention, and the films, coatings, layers and / or coatings produced therefrom ,
• films, coatings, layers and / or coatings which comprise a preferably porous sol / gel glass matrix, in particular based on polysilicic acids, silicates, borates and / or aluminates, with - preferably being homogeneously distributed over the matrix - Carrier molecules are embedded, in the molecular cavities, cavities, pores, channels or the like active substance and / or active substance molecules are embedded and / or complexed.
• thicknesses are used for the films, coatings, layers, coatings or the like of 100 nm to 10 mm, in particular 1,000 nm to 2 mm, preferred.
• the present invention also relates to surfaces, in particular surfaces of inert carrier materials, to which films, coatings, layers, coatings or the like of the aforementioned type are applied. As described above, these are in particular surfaces with a protective and / or depot function for active substances and / or active substances or with a controlled release function for active substances and / or active substances.
• the method according to the invention offers a number of advantages. To name just a few, the following are mentioned by way of example:
• the method according to the invention enables the production of coatings with a depot function for the controlled release of active substances or active substances.
• these spontaneously form self-assembled aggregates in the surface coating, in particular silicate coating, which control the release properties.
• the release kinetics can be controlled via the size and geometry of the self-organized aggregation structures.
• Another advantage of the present invention is the fact that the coatings, layers, coatings, films and the like can be produced directly from solution.
• inorganic-organic hybrid depot systems are formed which are suitable for the particularly controlled release of active substances or active substances from surfaces, in particular in the form of coatings, layers, coatings, Films etc., so that they can be used in numerous fields of application.
• Other advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the description.
• the present invention is illustrated using the following exemplary embodiments, which, however, are in no way intended to limit the invention.
• Coatings were made on glass substrates by pouring a solution from the recipes given below. The coatings were allowed to react in a drying cabinet at 60 ° C for 24 hours. Thereafter, solid coatings were obtained, from which the active ingredient was released with a great delay.
• a solution of 10 g of hydroxypropyl-substituted ⁇ -cyclodextrin loaded with orange oil is mixed with 10 g of water and 27.5 g of TEOS and brought to a pH of 1.7 with HCl.
• a solution of 10 g of phenol-loaded methyl-substituted ⁇ -cyclodextrin is mixed with 10 g of water and 27.5 g of TEOS and brought to a pH of 1.7 with HCl.

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