EP1382227A2 - Heizung und verfahren zur steuerung einer heizung einer funktionseinheit eines kraftfahrzeugs - Google Patents
Heizung und verfahren zur steuerung einer heizung einer funktionseinheit eines kraftfahrzeugsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1382227A2 EP1382227A2 EP02740270A EP02740270A EP1382227A2 EP 1382227 A2 EP1382227 A2 EP 1382227A2 EP 02740270 A EP02740270 A EP 02740270A EP 02740270 A EP02740270 A EP 02740270A EP 1382227 A2 EP1382227 A2 EP 1382227A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- temperature
- dependent
- heating resistor
- actual temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heater and a method for controlling a heater of a functional unit of a motor vehicle.
- Functional units of a motor vehicle are heated electrically, on the one hand, by heating resistors being fed by the battery or the generator (alternator), or, on the other hand, by air heated by the engine.
- a motor vehicle exterior mirror, a lock or a window pane is usually heated by at least one electrical heating element, the heating power of which can be electrically controlled, for example, by an operating switch.
- a heater of a motor vehicle side mirror is known from EP 0 408 853 A2, wherein for heating a current flow through a heat conductor by means of a semiconductor switch is controlled.
- the semiconductor switch is controlled by a temperature sensor and a two-stage amplifier circuit that behaves like a Schmitt trigger.
- the semiconductor switch forms one of the two stages that are coupled for the Schmitt trigger behavior.
- the disadvantage of this solution is that the heating current is switched on until the temperature drops below 27 ° C. until the temperature reaches 30 ° C., even if heating is not necessary for a clear view of the mirror surface.
- the energy requirement of the heating device for the mirror glass is therefore unnecessarily high.
- a method for controlling the heating of a rear window of a motor vehicle is known from DE 197 05 416 C1, the heating of the rear window being switched off at least after a certain operating time.
- the specific operating time of the heating of the rear window is extended with increasing driving speed of the motor vehicle. This prolongation of the duty cycle can also result in a load on the vehicle electrical system or the motor vehicle battery without any benefit for the motor vehicle occupant.
- a voltage drop dependent on the temperature of the mirror glass is compared by means of a comparison device with a reference value and a switch of the comparison device is controlled depending on the result of the comparison.
- the heating current is compared to a reference value.
- a control device containing the comparison device is provided for a mirror glass heater in a motor vehicle exterior mirror with a heating resistor which can be switched to a power source by means of a switch.
- the voltage drop across a resistor through which the heating current flows is detected by a comparison device and compared with a reference value.
- the switch of the comparison device is controlled depending on the result of the comparison.
- the utilization of the temperature response of the specific resistance of the heating resistor should be based on the fact that the temperature of the heating resistor lying on the whole or part of the surface of the mirror glass corresponds to an average of the temperatures of the various mirror glass areas when the heating current is interrupted.
- a high reference value or a large manufacturing tolerance of the heating resistor in turn lead to poor energy use of the motor vehicle battery.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a heater and a method for controlling the heater for a functional unit of a motor vehicle, which reduces the energy requirement of the heater. This object is achieved by the method with the features of claim 1 and by the heating with the features of claim 15. Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
- the heating of the functional unit is started manually or automatically by a control device.
- the starting is triggered, for example, by operating a manual actuating device, a remote control, a button or switch when the vehicle occupant recognizes that the functional unit must be heated in order for it to function properly.
- the starting takes place automatically by the control device generally starting the heater in order to ensure functionality, or by the control device recognizing that inadequate functionality is likely. For example, a recognized inoperability of the door lock caused by icing leads to an automatic start of the heating and thus to the defrosting of the door lock.
- the actual temperature is dependent on the temperature of an element of the functional unit to be heated or is dependent on the temperature of the heating element of the heating.
- the actual temperature is consequently a specific, preferably measured input variable of the thermal system consisting of the heating and the functional unit to be heated.
- the actual temperature is correlated during the actual heating period, i.e. the time of supplying heating energy to the current heating temperature.
- one or more target temperatures can be provided, which, as a comparison variable, depicts the desired temperature of the heated functional unit as a function of various operating modes of the heating.
- An electronically evaluable variable such as the power consumption, energy consumption or the power balance of the heating and in particular a measured variable, is used as the parameter.
- the dynamics of the values ie the time dependence of the parameter, can vary greatly.
- the actual temperature is recorded in binary steps, for example, so that the range from -40 ° C to + 87 ° C is divided into 128 binary steps.
- Characteristic features of the course of the actual temperature over time, or of the parameter dependent on the actual temperature, are used for evaluating and controlling the heating.
- a characteristic feature is, for example, the speed at which the functional unit cools down during a heating break. For example, if the cooling stagnates in the 0 ° C heating temperature range, even though the air temperature is significantly below 0 ° C, the control device detects icing of the functional unit in the process and increases the heating power accordingly for control purposes.
- Characteristic features of this temporal course which determine the phase transition of water are evaluated according to the invention.
- the water causes malfunctions due to icing or fogging of the above-mentioned functional units of the motor vehicle.
- the phase transitions of the water from the solid to the liquid phase or to the vapor phase that may occur during the heating or during a cooling phase generate characteristic features of the course over time of the actual temperature, which are evaluated to control the heating, until the malfunction caused by the water is preferably eliminated .
- the characteristic features of the temporal course of the actual temperature that determine the phase transition of water can be determined, for example, by integration, single or multiple derivation over time, by transformation or folding.
- the actual temperature can be determined quasi continuously, for example. Measurement times adapted to the rate of change of temperature are advantageously used, the number of which can additionally be varied in the vicinity of the characteristics.
- the evaluation of the characteristic features is consequently used to control the heating power of the heating element.
- the characteristic features are used directly for control in a first embodiment variant, so that determined values are used identically.
- images or transformations of the characteristic features are preferably used as an alternative to the control.
- a special characteristic feature is mapped to the associated actual temperature, in particular a phase transition is transformed to the temperature of the phase transition. This transformation can include the shift of the phase transition depending on further parameters, for example the convection generated by the driving speed or the current air pressure.
- threshold values and other factors such as proportionality factors, are determined for the control, for example.
- the threshold values and factors are also used for a later start of the heating, for example after 24 hours, with the associated evaluation and control.
- the heating subsequently changes to a second mode.
- Different operating modes are possible in this second mode.
- the heating is advantageously switched off, regulated down, regulated to a constant temperature or switched on and off temporarily in certain cycles.
- These operating modes can also be combined with a previously mentioned monitoring.
- the operating mode or a combination of several operating modes depends in particular on the functional unit and on external environmental conditions, such as rain, snow, etc.
- a preferred development of the invention provides that the actual temperature or the parameter dependent on the actual temperature is determined before and / or after a heating period.
- the actual temperature is monitored at least outside the heating periods, preferably also during the same, which can advantageously be used to increase or reduce the heating output, to switch the heating on and off.
- the phase transition of water is preferably determined before the heating period and, depending on the specific phase transition, the heating is started automatically or the heating output is increased. This is particularly advantageous since rapid external temperature changes, for example when driving in the mountains, can lead to icing of a wet motor vehicle side mirror during the journey.
- the heating is only supplied with power during an actual heating phase in order to minimize the power consumption during the inactive times, for example when the ignition is switched off, in an alternative development of the invention the actual temperature or the parameter dependent on the actual temperature is only used during a heating period certainly.
- the control device has means for evaluating different actual temperature rise speeds as characteristic features.
- the heating is operated until the evaporation temperature, for example 50 ° C., is reached.
- the actual temperature is kept constant by an appropriate control, since the droplets from the surface of the disk have already evaporated.
- An analog or digital arithmetic unit in particular an arithmetic logic unit with difference and division functions or algorithms, is preferably used as the means. The dynamics of the temperature rise during the heating phase or the temperature drop during the heating break or a cooling phase is thus evaluated particularly advantageously.
- the heating element is a temperature-dependent heating resistor, through which a heating current flows for heating.
- the temperature-dependent heating resistor or a measured variable dependent on the temperature-dependent heating resistor is particularly advantageously determined as a parameter.
- a temporary connection as a measuring bridge, resonant circuit or the like is suitable for determining the heating resistance.
- the temperature-dependent heating resistor is connected to the control device.
- the heating power is controlled as a function of the specific measured variable or the specific heating resistor which is connected to a control element of the control device.
- a heating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient is usually used.
- the measurement of the heating resistor itself as an input measurement variable for heating control is only possible reliably according to the invention. Only the inclusion of the fundamental physical effect of the phase transition of water enables the current thermal state of the functional unit to be reliably detected, regardless of the manufacturing and aging tolerances of this measuring heating resistor. If a phase transition is detected, the measured values of the measuring heating resistor are again related to this phase transition, or the control takes place solely on the basis of the current determination of a phase transition based on the characteristics.
- the temporal change in the heating resistor or the measurement variable dependent on the heating resistor is also evaluated to control the heating.
- the control device has means, for example memories and comparators, for evaluating the temporal change in the heating resistor or the measurement variable dependent on the heating resistor. Is at- For example, if a microcontroller is used to determine the change over time, a clock, a timer or a pulse generator is connected to the microcontroller.
- a value of the heating resistance or the measurement variable dependent on the heating resistance is determined for a minimum of the change over time (dRi ⁇ / dt).
- This specific value serves as a comparison value for further evaluation and also subsequent evaluations.
- At least one threshold value for control is preferably determined from the value. If the value is obtained using several staggered determinations, several of these values are averaged in order to be able to evaluate long-term effects.
- the value for a melting temperature (0 ° C.) is advantageously stored. In this way, icing of the functional unit is particularly easily determined by the control device.
- the threshold values or the value in the development are compared with the heating resistor or the measured variable by means of a comparator.
- the output variable is then, for example, a binary signal on the basis of which the heating is controlled.
- the output variable can also be part of an algorithm with which the heating is correspondingly increased or decreased.
- the heating resistor or the measured variable is compared by a window comparator as a comparator with an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value. Accordingly, the heating is switched off when the upper threshold value is exceeded and is switched on again when the lower threshold value is undershot.
- the threshold values are advantageously determined analogously to the evaluation of the rate of change.
- the temperature coefficient of the heating resistor is included in the evaluation in an advantageous development of the invention.
- the temperature coefficient is determined beforehand by measurement, for example in a heating chamber, for a resistance material of a series.
- the heating is controlled as a function of the value and the temperature coefficient of the heating resistor.
- the actual temperature or a parameter dependent on the actual temperature is advantageously determined from the heating resistor by means of the value and the temperature coefficient.
- the actual temperature is now directly comparable with the temperature of the ambient air, which is determined by means of a temperature sensor of the motor vehicle.
- the heating voltage or the heating current can be varied, in particular switched or regulated, as controllable variables for a heating resistor. To the loss To keep the control as small as possible, the heating current is switched at intervals to control the heating. The intervals for regulating the temperature are preferably variable in duration. If faster regulation is required, particularly in the area of critical heating temperatures, the heating current is advantageously regulated by means of pulse width modulation to control the heating.
- the heating output is increased for a falling temperature of the functional unit in the range of 0 ° C.
- the increase in heating power is advantageously switched on as a function of the detection of ice formation. Ice formation is detected by means of significant characteristics of the heating temperature over time.
- a temperature sensor of the motor vehicle which is independent of the heater and measures an air temperature, is advantageously additionally evaluated for controlling the heater. If the windshield wipers are not operated for a longer period of time, the heating of the functional unit is not switched on for an air temperature above the range around 0 ° C., since the control device expects neither rain nor ice that could impair the functionality. If the functional unit is nevertheless not functional, for example because the motor vehicle side mirror is covered with rope, the manual start of the heating by a motor vehicle occupant is nevertheless possible.
- Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of the course of the heating resistor over the
- 1 b is a schematic diagram of the course of the change in heating resistance over time
- 3a shows a further schematic circuit of a control device
- 3b shows a further schematic circuit of a control device
- 4 shows a schematic process sequence
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a motor vehicle mirror heater.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a motor vehicle side mirror KSS.
- the heating resistors R H ⁇ , RH 2 RH 3 are arranged in close proximity to one another.
- the heating resistors R H ⁇ , RH 2 RH 3 and include the largest possible area of the effective mirror layer for heating.
- the heating resistors R H ⁇ , H 2 RH3 are switched individually, in series or in parallel, depending on the control.
- One of the heating resistors R ⁇ , RH 2 RH3 is temporarily switched as a measuring resistor and its resistance value, which in the ideal case is linearly dependent on the actual temperature, is measured.
- FIG. 1a shows a schematic course (as a thicker black line) of the heating resistor R H (on the z-axis) over time t (on the x-axis) in the form of a diagram.
- the course is purely exemplary. Depending on the heat transfer resistances, heat capacities, air pressure, ambient temperatures and other influences, the course, in particular its changes in resistance and the time length relationships, can vary. It is also initially assumed that the change in resistance of the measured heating resistor RH is proportional to the change in the heating temperature, that is to say the actual temperature during a heating phase.
- the heating resistor RH at the switch-on time t 0 is RH O ⁇ - ES in this special case it is assumed that the temperature of the motor vehicle mirror at the switch-on time t 0 is below 0 ° C. In addition, it is assumed that the motor vehicle mirror is iced over and the ice adhering to the mirror surface obstructs the view of the motor vehicle occupant. The heating that is switched on leads to the heating of the motor vehicle mirror and the ice.
- the melting temperature of the ice is reached. Further heating initially only leads to a slight rise in the heating temperature of the motor vehicle mirror. The greater part of the heating energy is used for phase transformation of the ice into melt water and thus for defrosting the motor vehicle level.
- the ice is essentially defrosted.
- the heating resistor RH only increases by the amount ⁇ RH ⁇ V.
- the first intermediate phase between ice and melt water is shown hatched in FIG. 1 a. The following supply of energy leads to a heating of the motor vehicle level and the melt water, since there is no phase change. Certainly part of the ice and melt water will have already dripped from the motor vehicle mirror, so that the rate of increase of the heating temperature after the end of melting t m2 can deviate from the rate of rise before the start of melting t m ⁇ .
- the second intermediate phase is caused by the evaporation of water that covers the mirror surface.
- a heating temperature well below 100 ° C is sufficient to dry the mirror. Additional effects that can influence drying are, for example, the headwind or the microscopic surface structure or surface energies of the mirror surface.
- the duration from the beginning t ⁇ to the end t e2 of the evaporation phase normally deviates from the first intermediate phase (melting phase) due to the environmental influences and can take longer or shorter than the melting phase.
- the heating resistance change ⁇ R ⁇ e of the evaporation phase may deviate from the heating resistance change ⁇ R Hm of the melting phase.
- threshold values Th R ⁇ and Th R2 are defined and compared with the current heating resistance value R H. Further threshold values are advantageously determined on the basis of a value of the heating resistor R H in the region of the intermediate phases ⁇ R Hm , ⁇ R He .
- Fig. 1b is again a schematic representation analogous to Fig. 1a and accordingly subject to strong fluctuations under real conditions due to changing environmental influences.
- the edge changes of the change in time dR H / dt are used to trigger an evaluation, so that the heating resistor RH is determined for the edge changes and its value is stored for simultaneous or later control of the heating.
- time values t m1 , t m2 , t e ⁇ , t e2 and the time differences (t m2 - t m1 , t e2 - t e1 ) are advantageously stored and used in conjunction with the threshold values Thpu.Th Fö etc. for control evaluated.
- the evaluation device interpreted in such a way that there is no moisture on the mirror surface and the heating must be switched off for a longer period.
- the rates of increase dR H / dt of the two intermediate phases, the melting phase and the evaporation phase, can be different.
- the rates of increase dR ⁇ / dt of the heating phases before and after the intermediate phase may also differ.
- further threshold values Th m and Th e are specified or determined, which are compared for evaluation with the slew rates dR H / dt.
- the heating can be controlled additionally or alternatively as a function of the rate of increase dR H / dt and the threshold values Th m and Th e .
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a control device IC for controlling the heating, for example of the motor vehicle side mirror KSS.
- the control device IC is connected to further functional units EX of the motor vehicle via a CAN bus or another bus, such as VAN, Token Ring, etc. Further data, for example on the actuation of a windshield wiper, are made available to the control device IC via the CAN bus. From the actuation of the windshield wiper, the control device incorporates IC into the evaluation, for example by inferring rain and at least temporarily heating the mirror to the evaporation temperature. Furthermore, the control device IC is advantageously connected to an input device for the manual actuation of heating functions.
- the control device IC is connected in series with the heating resistor R H , through which the heating current I H flows, and is connected to the battery voltage U B or to ground GND.
- the control device IC has a switch S with a connected, associated driver D.
- the driver D is in turn connected to a computing unit EU of the control device IC.
- a measuring unit MU of the control device IC is also connected to the heating resistor R H. With the measuring unit MU, for example, a voltage or a current can be determined.
- the measuring unit MU is also connected to the computing unit EU for evaluating the measured values.
- the heating resistor R H is switched at least temporarily as an element, for example a measuring bridge, which is part of the measuring unit MU.
- the measuring unit MU can also be operatively connected to a temperature sensor, not shown in FIG. 2, which is thermally coupled to the heating resistor RH or the functional unit to be heated.
- the heating resistor R H is switched at least temporarily as an element of an oscillating circuit.
- the resonant circuit is part of the measuring unit MU.
- the heating resistor RH is determined using the frequency of the resonant circuit.
- other measuring methods and measuring units MU can also be used to determine the heating resistance RH
- control device is constructed from purely analog elements, the evaluation and control can take place continuously.
- control device is advantageously equipped with a digital computing unit for evaluation and control. This enables the calculation of complex functions and the inclusion of temperature-independent factors, such as the actuation of a windshield wiper, in the evaluation.
- the computing unit is connected to a memory M, in particular a non-volatile memory (EEPROM), for storing, for example, the threshold values Th m and Th e .
- EEPROM non-volatile memory
- the digital control device IC has a clock C, a timer C or pulse generator C as a time base.
- the time base C serves on the one hand for clocking the digital elements of the control device IC, that is also for determining or calculating the times t 0 , t m1 l t m2 , t e ⁇ and t e2 .
- the measurement values of the measuring unit MU are determined in a time-discrete manner.
- the time change dR H / dt of the heating resistor or the heating temperature is determined, for example, from the difference between two successive time-discrete measured values.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b More detailed schematic exemplary embodiments of a control device IC are shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
- 3a shows a conventional solution made up of individual components.
- the heating resistor R H is connected in series with a shunt resistor R s or measuring resistor R s .
- the shunt resistor R s is thermally decoupled from the heating resistor R H and ideally has no or only a slight temperature dependency.
- the heating resistor R H is determined from the heating current IH and a heating voltage U B - U Rs .
- the heating current I H is determined from U Rs / R s .
- the voltage drop across the shunt resistor R s is converted into digital, discrete measured values by the analog-digital converter ADC and evaluated by the computing unit EU.
- the computing unit EU has a counter Ci, which is connected to a quartz crystal Qi to generate a time base.
- the computing unit EU with the counter Ci is advantageously a microcontroller.
- An output of the microcontroller EU is connected to a PNP transistor O ⁇ for driving the relay coil L S ⁇ .
- a relay switch Si is mechanically coupled to the relay coil L S ⁇ , with which the heating current l H can be switched at heating intervals to be controlled.
- the microcontroller EU is connected via a BUS to an external temperature sensor eTS, which measures the ambient air temperature.
- the external temperature sensor eTS is used to prevent the heating from being switched on for air temperatures above freezing (0 ° C), as there is no ice on the mirror which impairs the view of the vehicle occupant.
- FIG. 3b shows a solution that enables the control device IC to be integrated in a so-called smart power technology.
- the control device IC has an integrated circuit with a controller EU and a power semiconductor L ⁇ which can be controlled by the controller EU and uses smart power technology.
- the control device IC is in turn connected to other functional units, such as a clock eCLK and an air temperature sensor eTS, of the motor vehicle via a BUS.
- the computing unit EU is in turn connected to an analog-to-digital converter ADC for recording the measured values.
- the computing unit EU has means for pulse-width modulation PWM.
- the output OUT L n of the computing unit EU with the pulse-width-modulated control signals is connected to the gate of a power MOSFET LT for controlling the heating.
- the control device IC has an essentially temperature-independent constant current source S i ⁇ , which is at least temporarily connected to the heating resistor RH.
- the constant current l ⁇ of the constant current source S ⁇ generates a heating temperature-dependent measuring voltage UM, which is measured by the analog-to-digital converter ADC.
- the constant current source S ⁇ can be controlled via the control output OUT S IK of the computing unit EU, for example to reduce the quiescent current.
- the power transistor LT and the constant current source Si 'advantageously consist of a single MOSFET, the gate voltage of which is varied accordingly for a constant current l ⁇ or for the full heating current l H.
- a high-side driver is used, so that the heating resistor R H is connected between the high-side driver and ground GND.
- control device IC In order to control several heaters, which can also heat different functional units, by means of the control device IC, the control device IC has a multiplexer, not shown in the figures, which cyclically connects the measuring unit MU of the control device IC to the heating resistor R H to be measured. To- In addition, the control device IC has a plurality of power transistors LT-i in order to control the individual heating currents IH ZU.
- step 1 the heating is started.
- the heating is started, for example, by the vehicle occupant who wants to thaw the ice adhering to the motor vehicle side mirror.
- the heating can also be started automatically when the outside temperature of the air is below 0 ° C, for example, or when the windscreen wipers are switched on to signal rain.
- Step 2 makes it possible to query whether an external parameter T ex is below a threshold value T ⁇ Xt .
- the external parameter T ex is an outside temperature or information that the motor vehicle has been parked in a garage.
- the heating is stopped accordingly.
- step 4 there is a security question. If the heating temperature Ts is above a threshold value T Sm ax, which represents the maximum permissible heating temperature, the heating is stopped immediately in step 5. Otherwise, if T s ⁇ T S max, the heating is controlled in step 6 and electrical power is converted into heat.
- the change in time dR H / dt of the heating resistor R H is evaluated in step 7 and the change in time dR ⁇ / dt is compared with a threshold value Th m for melting the ice. If the change in time dR H / dt is greater than the threshold value Th m , steps 4 and 5 or 6 follow again and after a certain heating time again 7. If the change in time dR H / dt is less than the threshold value Th m , the current one Value of the heating resistor RHO) is stored as the threshold value R Hm . Then steps 4 'and 5' or 6 'follow analogously to steps 4, 5 and 6.
- step 9 the change in time dR H / dt of the heating resistor R H is again evaluated and the change in time dR H / dt is compared with the threshold value Th m . If the change in time dR H / dt of the heating resistor R H is significantly greater than the threshold value Th m , the current value of the heating resistor R H (t) is stored as a threshold value Th R1 . Steps 4 ", 5" and 6 "apply analogously to steps 4, 5 and 6.
- Step 12 should be considered in the same way as step 7.
- the change over time dRH / t is compared with a threshold value Th e for the evaporation moisture adhering to the mirror.
- the current value of the heating resistor RHW is called the threshold Th R2 or stored as evaporation value R ⁇ e .
- the heating can be switched off, for example.
- the stored threshold values Th m> Th e , Th R2 and Th R1 are used for evaluating and controlling subsequent heating processes, for example after a restart of the motor vehicle.
- the outside temperature is detected as below 0 ° C. (the following method steps are not included in the figures).
- the heating resistor R H is energized for heating. If the time change dR H / dt of the heating resistor R H does not decrease when the threshold value RH ⁇ is reached, for example below the threshold value Th m , the heating is stopped. The mirror is obviously not iced over.
- the heating temperature is determined by a heating temperature sensor thermally coupled to the functional unit.
- the heating temperature sensor can be manufactured independently of the manufacturing tolerances of the heating resistor and thus a particularly precise determination of the actual temperature measured on the heating temperature sensor.
- this requires a very good thermal coupling between the heating resistor and the heating temperature sensor.
- Th R ⁇ , Th 2 threshold Th e , Th m threshold dR H / dt Derivation of the heating resistor after the time IC control device
Landscapes
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10120098 | 2001-04-25 | ||
DE10120098A DE10120098B4 (de) | 2001-04-25 | 2001-04-25 | Heizung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Heizung einer Funktionseinheit eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
PCT/DE2002/001463 WO2002089526A2 (de) | 2001-04-25 | 2002-04-16 | Heizung und verfahren zur steuerung einer heizung einer funktionseinheit eines kraftfahrzeugs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1382227A2 true EP1382227A2 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
EP1382227B1 EP1382227B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=7682565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02740270A Expired - Lifetime EP1382227B1 (de) | 2001-04-25 | 2002-04-16 | Heizung und verfahren zur steuerung einer heizung einer funktionseinheit eines kraftfahrzeugs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6917019B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1382227B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10120098B4 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2233829T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002089526A2 (de) |
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US7928345B2 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2011-04-19 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Aircraft windshield defogging/deicing system and method of use thereof |
US7675007B2 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2010-03-09 | Engineered Glass Products, Llc | Heated architectural panel system and method |
DE102007019891A1 (de) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-06 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Heizvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beheizen einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Sitzheizung oder einer Lenkradheizung eines Fahrzeugs |
US8084716B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2011-12-27 | The Raymond Corporation | Heated glass guard with sensorless control for forklift trucks |
US9301343B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 | 2016-03-29 | Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Window-glass heating device |
DE102008016373A1 (de) | 2008-03-29 | 2009-10-01 | Daimler Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem derartigen Brennstoffzellensystem |
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- 2002-04-16 ES ES02740270T patent/ES2233829T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-16 DE DE50201626T patent/DE50201626D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-16 EP EP02740270A patent/EP1382227B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-16 US US10/473,660 patent/US6917019B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US6917019B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 |
WO2002089526A2 (de) | 2002-11-07 |
DE50201626D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
ES2233829T3 (es) | 2005-06-16 |
WO2002089526A3 (de) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1382227B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
DE10120098A1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
DE10120098B4 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
US20040094529A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
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