EP1379511B1 - DIHYDRO-BENZO (b) (1, 4) DIAZEPIN-2-ONE DERIVATIVES AS MGLUR2 ANTAGONISTS II - Google Patents

DIHYDRO-BENZO (b) (1, 4) DIAZEPIN-2-ONE DERIVATIVES AS MGLUR2 ANTAGONISTS II Download PDF

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EP1379511B1
EP1379511B1 EP02737911A EP02737911A EP1379511B1 EP 1379511 B1 EP1379511 B1 EP 1379511B1 EP 02737911 A EP02737911 A EP 02737911A EP 02737911 A EP02737911 A EP 02737911A EP 1379511 B1 EP1379511 B1 EP 1379511B1
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Prior art keywords
phenyl
methyl
amino
butyl ester
acid tert
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French (fr)
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EP1379511A1 (en
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Geo Adam
Erwin Goetschi
Vincent Mutel
Juergen Wichmann
Thomas Johannes Woltering
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D243/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D243/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4
    • C07D243/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D243/14—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines
    • C07D243/16—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals
    • C07D243/18—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals substituted in position 2 by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D243/24—Oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compounds of general formula I wherein
  • the transmission of stimuli takes place by the interaction of a neurotransmitter, which is sent out by a neuron, with a neuroreceptor.
  • L-glutamic acid the most commonly occurring neurotransmitter in the CNS, plays a critical role in a large number of physiological processes.
  • the glutamate-dependent stimulus receptors are divided into two main groups.
  • the first main group forms ligand-controlled ion channels.
  • the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) form the second main group and, furthermore, belong to the family of G-protein-coupled receptors.
  • these eight receptors can be sub-divided into three sub-groups: mGluR1 and mGluR5 belong to group I, mGluR2 and mGluR3 belong to group II and mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7 and mGluR8 belong to group III.
  • Ligands of metabotropic glutamate receptors belonging to the group II can be used for the treatment or prevention of acute and/or chronic neurological disorders such as psychosis, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorders and memory deficits.
  • treatable indications in this connection are restricted brain function caused by bypass operations or transplants, poor blood supply to the brain, spinal cord injuries, head injuries, hypoxia caused by pregnancy, cardiac arrest and hypoglycaemia.
  • Further treatable indications are chronic and acute pain, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia caused by AIDS, eye injuries, retinopathy, idiopathic parkinsonism or parkinsonism caused by medicaments as well as conditions which lead to glutamate-deficiency functions, such as e.g. muscle spasms, convulsions, migraine, urinary incontinence, nicotine addiction, opiate addiction, anxiety, vomiting, dyskinesia and depressions.
  • ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • Objects of the present invention are compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts per se and as pharmaceutically active substances, their manufacture, medicaments based on a compound in accordance with the invention and their production, as well as the use of the compounds in accordance with the invention in the control or prevention of illnesses of the aforementioned kind, and, respectively, for the production of corresponding medicaments.
  • the compounds of formula I can also be used in form of their prodrugs.
  • examples are esters, N-oxides, phosphate esters, glycoamide esters, glyceride conjugates and the like.
  • the prodrugs may add to the value of the present compounds advantages in absorption, pharmacokinetics in distribution and transport to the brain.
  • R 3 is an optionally substituted five-membered aromatic heterocycle, which may be substituted by halogen, fluoro-lower alkyl, fluoro-lower alkoxy,
  • R 3 is an optionally substituted five-membered aromatic heterocycle selected from the group consisting of thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, 2H-pyrazolyl, [1,2,3]triazolyl, [1,2,4]triazolyl, [1,3,4]thiadiazolyl and [1,3,4]oxadiazolyl.
  • R 3 is an optionally substituted five-membered aromatic heterocycle selected from the group consisting of thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, 2H-pyrazolyl, [1,2,3]triazolyl, [1,2,4]triazolyl, [1,3,4]thiadiazolyl and [1,3,4]oxadiazolyl. Examples of such compounds are the following:
  • R 2 is -N(CH 3 ) 2 or pyrrolidine. Also preferred are compounds, wherein R 2 is isopropyl-amino, isopropyl-methyl-amino, isobutyl-amino or isobutyl-methyl-amino.
  • Preferred compounds of formula I in the scope of the present invention are further those, wherein R 3 is cyano or an optionally substituted five-membered aromatic heterocycle, which may be substituted by -CH 2 OH or -CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • lower alkyl used in the present description denotes straight-chain or branched saturated hydrocarbon residues with 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably with 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl and the like.
  • lower alkoxy denotes a lower alkyl residue in the sense of the foregoing definition bound via an oxygen atom.
  • lower alkoxy residues indude methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy and the like.
  • halogen embraces fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
  • fluoro-lower alkyl means a lower alkyl residue, wherein one or more hydrogen-atoms may be replaced by fluoro.
  • fluoro-lower alkoxy denotes a lower alkoxy residue in the sense of the definition herein before, wherein one or more hydrogen-atoms may be replaced by fluoro.
  • C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl means a cycloalkyl group containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
  • lower alkylthio denotes a lower alkyl residue in the sense of the foregoing definition bound via an sulfur atom, for example methylsulfanyl.
  • five-membered aromatic heterocycle embraces furane, thiophene, thiazole, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, isoxazole, triazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole and tetrazole.
  • Preferred heterocycles are 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, isoxazole, 1,3-oxazole, 1,3-thiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole or imidazole.
  • Optionally substituted means that a group may or may not be substituted with one or more, preferably one or two substituents independently selected from the specified group.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt refers to any salt derived from an inorganic or organic acid or base.
  • the compounds of general formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be manufactured according to methods, which process comprises
  • compounds of general formula III can also be prepared by for example reaction of a compound of general formula II with a ⁇ -ketoester (general formula IVa), in which Y and R 3 are as described above using the same conditions as described for the reaction with the dioxinones.
  • the deprotection-cyclization step can be carried out by treating the compounds of general formula III with for example a Bronsted acid such as trifluoroacetic acid in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane (DCM).
  • a Bronsted acid such as trifluoroacetic acid
  • an inert solvent such as dichloromethane (DCM).
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the reaction is preferably carried out at temperatures between 0 °C and 50 °C. It may be advantageous to use also anisole or 1,3-dimethoxybenzene as a carbocation scavenger in the reaction mixture.
  • compound B1 can be prepared from the commercially available 5-chloro-2-nitroaniline by iodination to give the synthetic intermediate A1, which in turn can be protected to yield the compound B1.
  • the iodination step can be carried out by for example using iodine monochloride in acetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate.
  • the reaction can be for example carried out at temperatures between 20 °C and 80 °C.
  • the protection of the amino function can be applied to a number of commercially available starting materials or compounds synthesized by anyone skilled in the art to produce the corresponding 2-nitroanilines with the general formula VII, in which X is a single bond and R 1 is as described above.
  • This transformation leads to the key intermediates of the general formula VIb, and the exact conditions for the respective compounds used in this invention can be found in the experimental part.
  • One possibility for the protection of the amino function is for example reacting compounds of general formula VII with di-tert.-butyl-carbonate in the presence of a base such as cesium carbonate.
  • the reaction can be carried out in polar solvents such as acetone or butanone and the like at temperatures between 20 °C and 60 °C.
  • the protection of the amino group can be achieved by preparing the intermediate isocyanate by treatment of compounds of the general formula VII with diphosgene, preferably in aprotic solvents such as ethyl acetate or 1,4-dioxane at temperatures from 0 °C to 100 °C, and subsequent treatment of the isocyanate with tert. butanol in solvents such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane and the like at temperatures between 20 °C and 85 °C to give the desired compounds of general formula VIb.
  • diphosgene preferably in aprotic solvents such as ethyl acetate or 1,4-dioxane at temperatures from 0 °C to 100 °C
  • solvents such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane and the like at temperatures between 20 °C and 85 °C to give the desired compounds of general formula VIb.
  • Another suitable method to achieve this protection step is the intermediate formation of a di-BOC compound by treatment of compounds of the general formula VII with di-tert.-butyl-carbonate in the presence of DMAP in an aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran and the like, followed by selective removal of a single BOC-group by treatment with a Bronsted-acid, like e.g. TFA, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane at temperatures between 0 °C and 20 °C to give the desired compounds of general formula VIb.
  • aprotic solvent such as e.g. TFA
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in acidic media, like for example acetic acid or propionic acid and the like, at temperatures between 40 °C to 100 °C.
  • acidic media like for example acetic acid or propionic acid and the like.
  • the exact conditions for the respective compounds can be found in the experimental part.
  • the corresponding substituted 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofurans with the general formula VIII, in which R a , R b and R c are as described above in the general claim for the pyrrol-1-yl compounds, are either commercially available, or synthesized from the suitable substituted furan, as shown in scheme E.
  • the corresponding substituents can optionally be protected with suitable protecting groups, known to someone skilled in the art, or alternatively can be introduced after the pyrrol ring synthesis.
  • the two-step sequence consists of reacting the furan with bromine in MeOH at low temperature, like for example -35 °C, followed by treatment with base, like for example triethylamine and the like or potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate and the like.
  • the resulting 2,5-dimethoxydihydrofuran with the general formula VIII in which R a , R b and R c are as described above, can be reduced by catalytic hydrogenation, preferably in MeOH with catalysts like for example Palladium on carbon or Raney-Nickel and the like, to produce the desired 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofurans with the general formula VIII.
  • catalytic hydrogenation preferably in MeOH with catalysts like for example Palladium on carbon or Raney-Nickel and the like.
  • An example for this sequence can be found in Tetrahedron 1971 , 27,1973-1996.
  • the exact conditions for the individual compounds to be synthesized can be found in the experimental part.
  • compounds of general formula VIc in which R 2 is attached via a nitrogen-atom and is as described above, can be prepared from the intermediate compounds with the general formula VIb - which individual synthesis can be found in the experimental part - by a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the respective amines in the presence of a suitable base.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in a polar, aprotic solvent such as dimethyl formamide, N-methyl-pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide and the like.
  • the base can be selected from the sterically hindered amines such as triethylamine or Hünig's base, alkoxides such as sodium methoxide and tert.-butoxide, or hydrides such as sodium hydride.
  • the reaction can be performed at temperatures between 20 °C and 110 °C, depending on the individual compounds to be synthesized.
  • the dioxinones and ⁇ -keto esters building blocks with the general formula IV and IVa can be prepared by methods known to someone skilled in the art from the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives R 3 -COR, i.e. free acids, methyl or ethyl esters and acid chlorides. The exact conditions for the corresponding compounds can be found in the experimental part.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be manufactured readily according to methods known per se and taking into consideration the nature of the compound to be converted into a salt.
  • Inorganic or organic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid or citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulphonic acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid and the like are suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of basic compounds of formula I.
  • the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and can be used for the treatment or prevention of acute and/or chronic neurological disorders, such as psychosis, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorders and memory deficits.
  • Other treatable indications are restricted brain function caused by bypass operations or transplants, poor blood supply to the brain, spinal cord injuries, head injuries, hypoxia caused by pregnancy, cardiac arrest and hypoglycaemia.
  • Further treatable indications are acute and chronic pain, Huntington's chorea, ALS, dementia caused by AIDS, eye injuries, retinopathy, idiopathic parkinsonism or parkinsonism caused by medicaments as well as conditions which lead to glutamate-deficient functions, such as e.g. muscle spasms, convulsions, migraine, urinary incontinence, nicotine addiction, psychoses, opiate addiction, anxiety, vomiting, dyskinesia and depression.
  • the compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used as medicaments, e.g. in the form of pharmaceutical preparations.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can be administered orally, e.g. in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragées, hard and soft gelatine capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions.
  • the administration can also be effected rectally, e.g. in the form of suppositories, or parenterally, e.g. in the form of injection solutions.
  • the compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be processed with pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic carriers for the production of pharmaceutical preparations.
  • Lactose, corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acid or its salts and the like can be used, for example, as such carriers for tablets, coated tablets, dragées and hard gelatine capsules.
  • Suitable carriers for soft gelatine capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like; depending on the nature of the active substance no carriers are, however, usually required in the case of soft gelatine capsules.
  • Suitable carriers for the production of solutions and syrups are, for example, water, polyols, sucrose, invert sugar, glucose and the like.
  • Adjuvants such as alcohols, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oils and the like, can be used for aqueous injection solutions of water-soluble salts of compounds of formula I, but as a rule are not necessary.
  • Suitable carriers for suppositories are, for example, natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-liquid or liquid polyols and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can contain preservatives, solubilizers, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
  • medicaments containing a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a therapeutically inert excipient are also an object of the present invention, as is a process for the production of such medicaments which comprises bringing one or more compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and, if desired, one or more other therapeutically valuable substances into a galenical dosage form together with one or more therapeutically inert carriers.
  • the dosage can vary within wide limits and will, of course, be fitted to the individual requirements in each particular case.
  • the effective dosage for oral or parenteral administration is between 0.01-20 mg/kg/day, with a dosage of 0.1-10 mg/ kg/day being preferred for all of the indications described.
  • the present invention relates also to the use of compounds of formula I and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the production of medicaments, especially for the control or prevention of acute and/or chronic neurological disorders of the aforementioned kind.
  • the compounds of the present invention are group II mGlu receptor antagonists.
  • the compounds show activities, as measured in the assay described below, of 10 ⁇ M or less, typically 1 ⁇ M or less, and ideally of 0.3 ⁇ M or less.
  • cDNA encoding the rat mGlu2 receptor protein in pBluescript II was obtained from Prof. S. Nakanishi (Kyoto, Japan), and subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA I-amp from Invitrogen (NV Leek, The Netherlands).
  • This vector construct (pcD1mGR2) was co-transfected with a psvNeo plasmid encoding the gene for neomycin resistance, into CHO cells by a modified calcium phosphate method described by Chen & Okayama (1988).
  • the cells were maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium with reduced L-glutamine (2 mM final concentration) and 10 % dialysed foetal calf serum from Gibco BRL (Basel, Switzerland). Selection was made in the presence of G-418 (1000 ug/ml final).
  • Clones were identified by reverse transcription of 5 ⁇ g total RNA, followed by PCR using mGlu2 receptor specific primers 5'-atcactgcttgggtttctggcactg-3' and 5'-agcatcactgtgggtggcataggagc-3' in 60 mM Tris HCl (pH 10), 15 mM (NH4) 2 SO 4 , 2 mM MgCl 2 , 25 units/ml Taq Polymerase with 30 cycles annealing at 60 °C for 1 min., extention at 72 °C for 30 s, and 1 min. 95 °C denaturation.
  • the membranes were resuspended in cold 50mM Tris-HCl buffer containing 2 mM MgCl 2 and 2 mM CaCl 2 , (pH 7) (binding buffer). The final concentration of the membranes in the assays was 25 ⁇ g protein/ml. Inhibition experiments were performed with membranes incubated with 10 nM [ 3 H]-LY354740 at room temperature, for 1 hour, in presence of various concentrations of the compound to be tested. Following the incubations, membranes were filtered onto Whatmann GF/C glass fiber filters and washed 5 times with cold binding buffer. Non specific binding was measured in the presence of 10 ⁇ M DCG IV.
  • the inhibition curves were fitted with a four parameter logistic equation giving K i values, and Hill coefficients.
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc-compound from 5-fluoro-2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenylamine; prepared from commercially available 4-amino-2-fluorobenzotrifluoride by acetylation withAc 2 O in toluene at 23 °C, nitration with 100 % nitric acid from 10-23 °C and deacetylation with 2N NaOH in THF at 50 °C] (5.21 g, 23.2 mmol) and Boc 2 O (10.63 g, 48.7 mmol), followed by treatment with 2 eq. TFA in CH 2 Cl 2 according to the general procedure B (method c). Obtained as a light yellow solid (6.33 g, 84 %). MS (ISN) 323 [(M-H)-]; mp 104 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc-compound from 4-iodo-2-nitro-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-phenylamine [prepared by stirring 5-chloro-4-iodo-2-nitro-phenylamine (Example A1) (8.95 g, 30 mmol), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (30 mL) and KOH (4.36 g, 66 mmol) in DMSO (60 mL) at 23 °C for 35 days.] (10.41 g, 29 mmol) and Boc 2 O (12.87 g, 59 mmol), followed by treatment with 2 eq. TFA in CH 2 Cl 2 according to the general procedure B (method c). Obtained as a yellow solid (13.34 g, 100 %). MS (ISN) 461 [(M-H) - ].
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc-compound from commercially available 5-chloro-2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenylamine [CAS-No. 35375-74-7] (22.61 g, 94 mmol) and Boc 2 O (42.06 g, 193 mmol), followed by treatment with 2 eq. TFA in CH 2 Cl 2 according to the general procedure B (method c). Obtained as a yellow solid (31.82 g, 99 %). MS (ISN) 339.1 [(M-H) - ] and 341 ((M+2-H) - ]; mp 113-115 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc-compound from commercially available 3'-chloro-4'-fluoro-6'-nitroacetanilide [CAS-No. 81962-58-5] (59 g, 254 mmol), and Boc 2 O (58.13 g, 266 mmol), followed by treatment with NH 4 OH (25%, 77.5 mL, 507 mmol) according to the general procedure B (method d). Obtained as a yellow solid (73.53 g, 100 %). MS (ISN) 289 [(M-H) - ] and 291 [(M+2-H) - ]; mp 73-74 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc-compound from 4-iodo-2-nitro-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-phenylamine [prepared by stirring 5-chloro-4-iodo-2-nitro-phenylamine (Example A1), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and KOH in DMSO at 23 °C for 32.5 days.] and Boc 2 O, followed by treatment with 2 eq. TFA in CH 2 Cl 2 according to the general procedure B (method c). Obtained as a yellow solid (18.955 g). MS (ISN) 403 [(M-H) - ].
  • the title compound was prepared via the di-Boc compound from commercially available 5-chloro-4-methyl-2-nitroaniline (10.0 g, 53.6 mmol) and Boc 2 O (23.9 g, 109 mmol), followed by treatment with 2 eq. TFA in CH 2 Cl 2 according to the general procedure B (method c). Obtained by column chromatography (toluene/ethylacetate 19:1) as a yellow solid (14.6 g, 95%). MS (ISN) 285.1 [(M-H) - ].
  • the ethyl or tert.-butyl 3-aryl-3-oxo-propionates were prepared from the aryl acid chlorides and ethyl or tert.-butyl malonate potassium salt [CAS-no. 6148-64-7 and 75486-33-8] with Et 3 N and MgCl 2 in CH 3 CN at 0 °C to 23 °C according to Synthesis 1993 , 290. If the free aryl carboxylic acid was employed in this reaction, it was activated by treatment with ethyl chloroformate and Et 3 N in THF/CH 3 CN at 0 °C prior to reaction with the malonate salt.
  • the tert.-butyl 3-aryl-3-oxo-propionates were alternatively prepared from the methyl or ethyl aryl esters by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate [prepared by treatment of tert.-butyl acetate with lithium diisopropylamide in THF at -78 °C] in the presence of lithium tert.-butoxide according to Synthesis 1985 , 45. If the product contained residual starting material after workup, thus could be removed by selective saponification with LiOH in THF/MeOH/H 2 O at 23 °C.
  • the 3-aryl-3-oxo-propionic acids were prepared from the aryl acid chlorides and bis(trimethylsilyl)malonate with Et 3 N and LiBr in CH 3 CN at 0 °C according to Synth. Commun . 1985 , 15 , 1039 (method c1) or with n-BuLi in ether at -60 °C to 0 °C according to Synthesis 1979, 787 (method c2).
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-benzoic acid, prepared by refluxing of methyl 3-azidobenzoate [CAS-No. 93066-93-4] in trimethylsilylacetylene, followed by saponification with aqueous NaOH in refluxing EtOH] by activation with ethyl chloroformate/Et 3 N and reaction with ethyl malonate potassium salt with Et 3 N and MgCl 2 in CH 3 CN according to general procedure K (method a). Obtained as a light yellow solid (2.22 g). MS (EI) 259 (M + ); mp 72-74 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared from ethyl 3-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoate [prepared by reaction of ethyl 3-ethynylbenzoate [CAS-No. 178742-95-5] with a mixture ofNCS, acetaldoxime, Et 3 N and cat. amount of pyridine in CHCl 3 at 50 °C according to Tetrahedron 1984 , 40 , 2985-2988] by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to general procedure K (method b). Obtained as a yellow solid (2.54 g). MS (ISP) 302 [(M+H) + ]; mp 50-56 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) methyl 3-azidobenzoate [CAS-No. 93066-93-4] (15.55 g, 88 mmol) and (RS)-tert.-butyl-dimethyl-[3-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-prop-1-ynyl]-silane [CAS-No.
  • the title compound was prepared from 2-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-isonicotinic acid methyl ester [prepared by i.) reaction of 2-iodo-isonicotinic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 134579-47-8] with trimethylsilylacetylene according to general procedure H; ii.) desilylation by reaction with cat. K 2 CO 3 in MeOH at 0 °C for 4 h; iii.) cycloadditon with a mixture of NCS, acetaldoxime, Et 3 N and cat.
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by i.) reaction of 1-(3-bromo-phenyl)-3-dimethylamino-propenone [CAS-No. 163852-04-8] with methylhydrazine in EtOH at 23 °C for 2.5 days; ii.) chromatographic separation of the obtained isomers; iii.) treatment of the clean isomer with n-BuLi in THF at -78 °C for 1 h, followed by quenching with a stream of CO 2 and subsequent esterification with MeOH and conc.
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-(5-dimethylaminomethyl-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared from methyl 3-azidobenzoate following the synthetic steps i.) to iii.) as described in the preparation of Example K5 and reacting the obtained product with SOCl 2 in THF at 0 to 23 °C for 1 h, followed by addition of dimethylamine (7.9 M in H 2 O) and stirring at 23 to 70 °C for 1 h.] (2.14 g, 8.22 mmol) by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to general procedure K (method b). Obtained as a yellow oil (2.90 g). MS (ISP) 345 [(M+H) + ].
  • the title compound was prepared from methyl 3-(3-methoxymethyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoate [prepared by reaction of ethyl 3-ethynylbenzoate [CAS-No. 178742-95-5] with a mixture of NCS, 2-methoxyacetaldoxime [CAS-No. 71494-93-4], Et 3 N and cat. amount of pyridine in CHCl 3 at 50 °C according to Tetrahedron 1984 , 40 , 2985-2988] by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to general procedure K (method b). Obtained as a light yellow liquid (1.548 g). MS (EI) 331 (M + ).
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) A mixture of 3-thiocarbamoyl-benzoic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 106748-27-0] (7.8 g), 1,3-dichloro-2-propanone (8.4 g) and sodium bicarbonate (8.4 g) in 1,4-dioxane (180 mL) was heated to 60 °C for 24 h.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-oxazol-2-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) A mixture of 3-carbamoyl-benzoic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 106748-24-7] (17.9 g) and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanone (14.0 g) was heated to 140 °C for 1.5 h. The mixture was cooled to 20 °C and conc. sulfuric acid (12 mL) was carefully added. The mixture was stirred for 10 min. and then poured into ice-water.
  • the cooled reaction mixture was poured into ice-water and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether.
  • the aqueous layer was acidified to pH 1 by the addition of 6N HCl and the precipitate formed was collected by filtration and crystallized from dichloromethane/hexane.
  • the pale-yellow crystals (5.5 g) were dissolved in DMSO (25 mL), and after the addition of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-guanidine (4.4 mL) and methyl iodide (2.2 mL), the mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 1 h. Ethyl acetate was added and the mixture was washed successively with water, 1N HCl and brine.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[3-methyl-4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) (3-bromo-phenyl)-3-oxo-propionic acid ethyl ester [CAS-No. 21575-91-7], pyrrolidine and TMSOTf in benzene were refluxed for 16 h (Org. Synth.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-isoxazol-3-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared from (Z)-3-(hydroxyiminomethyl)-benzoic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 91186-80-0] by treatment with NCS, cat. amount pyridine in CHCl 3 followed by addition of (RS)-tetrahydro-2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran and slow addition of Et 3 N in CHCl 3 at 23 °C.] by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to general procedure K (method b). Obtained as a yellow oil (3.00 g). MS (ISN) 400.5 [(M-H) - ].
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-pyrazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) A mixture of 3-hydrazino-benzoic acid methyl ester hydrochloride [CAS-No. 167626-26-8] (15.14 g, 75 mmol), 2-cyano-3-ethoxy-acrylic acid benzyl ester [CAS-No. 32016-27-6] (17.36 g, 75 mmol) and Et 3 N (10.5 mL, 75 mmol) in isopropanol (115 mL) was refluxed for 1.5 h.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-isoxazol-3-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) (Z)-3-(hydroxyimino-methyl)-benzoic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 91186-80-0] was treated with NCS, cat. amount pyridine in CHCl 3 followed by addition of (E)-3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acrylic acid tert.-butyl ester [CAS-No. 340257-76-3] and slow addition of Et 3 N in CHCl 3 at 23 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[2-methyl-4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) 3-bromobenzoyl chloride and 3-isopropylamino-acrylic acid methyl ester [CAS-No. 89895-40-9] were reacted in toluene and Et 3 N according to Synthesis 1982, 318. ii.) The obtained 2-(3-bromo-benzoyl)-3-isopropylamino-acrylic acid methyl ester was reacted with methylhydrazine in ether at 23 °C according to Synthesis 1982, 318.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3- ⁇ 2-[2-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-ethyl]-2H-pyrazol-3-yl ⁇ -benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by i.) reaction of 1-(3-bromo-phenyl)-3-dimethylamino-propenone [CAS-No. 163852-04-8] with 2-hydroxy-ethylhydrazine in EtOH at 23 °C for 2.5 days. ii.) The obtained mixture of pyrazoles (12.36 g, 35.19 mmol) was reacted with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (4.79 mL, 52.8 mmol) and cat.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3- ⁇ 5-[2-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-ethyl]-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl ⁇ -benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) methyl 3-azidobenzoate [CAS-No. 93066-93-4] and (RS)-tert.-butyldimethyl-[4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-but-1-ynyl]-silane [CAS-No.
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-pyrazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid [prepared by the following sequence: i.) A mixture of 3-hydrazino-benzoic acid [CAS-No. 38235-71-1], 4-dimethylamino-2-oxo-but-3-enoic acid ethyl ester [CAS-No. 67751-14-8] in acetic acid was refluxed for 15.5 h.
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-benzoic acid [prepared by refluxing of methyl 3-azidobenzoate [CAS-No. 93066-93-4] in trimethylsilylacetylene, followed by saponification with aqueous NaOH in refluxing EtOH] (10.0 g, 52.86 mmol) by activation with ethyl chloroformate/Et 3 N and reaction with mono tert.-butyl malonate potassium salt with Et 3 N and MgCl 2 in CH 3 CN according to general procedure K (method a). Obtained as an orange oil (11.55 g). MS (ISP) 288 [(M+H) + ].
  • the title compound was prepared from (RS)-3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid methyl ester [prepared by the following sequence: i.) methyl 3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-benzoate, [CAS-No. 167626-27-9] (39.4 g, 194 mmol) was heated in 36% formaldehyde-water (250 ml) in an autoclave for 41 h at 150°C.
  • the title compound was prepared from methyl 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoate [prepared from 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoic acid ( J. Med. Chem . 1987 , 30 , 1342; CAS-No. [108035-47-8] by refluxing in conc. H 2 SO 4 /MeOH] by treatment with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to general procedure K (method b). Obtained as an orange-brown oil. MS (ISP) 287 [(M+H) + ].
  • 3-Oxazol-4-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester (0.85 g) was treated with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to the general procedure K (method b) to give crude 3-(3-oxazol-4-yl-phenyl)-3-oxo-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (1.46 g) as a pale-yellow oil.
  • 3-Thiazol-4-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester (0.91 g) was treated with lithium tert.-butyl acetate according to the general procedure K (method b) to give crude 3-oxo-3-(3-thiazol-4-yl-phenyl)-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (1.54 g) as a pale-yellow oil.
  • 6-aryl-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxin-4-ones were prepared from 3-aryl-3-oxo-propionic acids and catalytic amount of conc. H 2 SO 4 or trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in isopropenyl acetate at 23 °C according to Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1983 , 31 , 1896.
  • the final products were purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/EtOAc.
  • 6-aryl-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxin-4-ones were prepared from the tert.-butyl 3-aryl-3-oxo-propionates by treatment with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) in a mixture of TFA and acetone at 23 °C according to Tetrahedron Lett . 1998 , 39 , 2253.
  • TFAA trifluoroacetic anhydride
  • the final products were if necessary purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/EtOAc.
  • the 3-(3-cyano-phenyl)-3-oxo-propionic acid was prepared from 3-cyanobenzoyl chloride (828 mg, 5 mmol) and bis(trimethylsilyl)malonate (2.56 mL, 10 mmol) with n-BuLi (1.6M in hexane, 6.25 mL) in ether at -60 °C to 0 °C according to general procedure M (method c2).
  • the crude material (1.04 g) was transformed into the title compound by stirring in isopropenyl acetate and TFA according to general procedure L (method a). Obtained as a light yellow solid (0.8 g).
  • the 3-(3-imidazol-1-yl-phenyl)-3-oxo-propionic acid was prepared from 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoyl chloride hydrochloride [prepared by treatment of 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-benzoic acid ( J. Med. Chem. 1987 , 30 , 1342; CAS-No. [108035-47-8] with SOCl 2 ) and bis(trimethylsilyl)malonate with Et 3 N and LiBr in CH 3 CN at 0 °C according to general procedure K (method c1).
  • the crude material was transformed into the title compound by stirring in isopropenyl acetate and conc. H 2 SO 4 according to general procedure L (method a). Obtained as an orange semisolid (617 mg). MS (EI) 270 (M + ).
  • the title compound was prepared from (2-amino-4-chloro-5-dimethylaminophenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J1) (0.5 mmol) and 3-(3-cyanophenyl)-3-oxo-propionic acid ethyl ester [CAS-No. 62088-13-5; prepared from 3-cyanobenzoyi chloride according to general procedure K, method a] (0.55 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a white solid (160 mg). MS (ISP) 457 [(M+H) + ]; mp 159-163 °C.
  • Example J1 (2-amino-4-chloro-5-dimethylaminophenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J1) (143 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 3-oxo-3-(3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-phenyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester (Example K1) (150 mg, 0.58 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a beige solid (160 mg). MS (ISP) 499 [(M+H) + ] and 501 [(M+2+H) + ]; mp 136-137 °C.
  • Example J1 (2-amino-4-chloro-5-dimethylaminophenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J1) (143 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 3-[3-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-propionic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example K4) (450 mg, 0.75 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a white solid (136 mg). MS (ISP) 513 [(M+H) + ] and 515 [(M+2+H) + ]; mp 109-114 °C.
  • Example J4 The title compound was prepared from ⁇ 2-amino-4-chloro-5-[(2-methoxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-phenyl ⁇ -carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J4) (165 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 3-[3-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-propionic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example K4) (165 mg, 0.55 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as an amorphous yellow substance (207 mg). MS (ISP) 557 [(M+H) + ] and 559 [(M+2+H) + ].
  • Example J4 The title compound was prepared from ⁇ 2-amino-4-chloro-5-[(2-methoxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-phenyl ⁇ -carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J4) (165 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 3-oxo-3-(3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-phenyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester (Example K1) (165 mg, 0.5 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as an amorphous yellow substance (167 mg). MS (ISP) 543 [(M+H) + ] and 545 [(M+2+H) + ].
  • the title compound was prepared from (2-amino-5-dimethylamino-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J6) (160 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 3-[3-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-propionic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example K4) (151 mg, 0.5 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as an amorphous yellow substance (94 mg). MS (ISP) 547 [(M+H) + ].
  • Example J1 The title compound was prepared from (2-amino-4-chloro-5-dimethylaminophenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J1) and 3-[3-(3-methoxymethyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-propionic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example K9) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a yellow solid (205 mg). MS (ISP) 543 [(M+H) + ] and 545 [(M+2+H) + ].
  • Example J5 [5-amino-2'-fluoro-2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-biphenyl-4-yl]-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J5) (200 mg, 0.5 mmol) and (RS)-3-oxo-3- ⁇ 3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -propionic acid tert-butyl ester (Example K5) (220 mg, 0.55 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a yellow oil(100 mg).
  • Example J7 [2-amino-4-chloro-5-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-phenyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (Example J7) (300 mg, 1.0 mmol) and (RS)-3-oxo-3- ⁇ 3-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -propionic acid tert-butyl ester (Example K5) (402 mg, 1.0 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a yellow foam (500 mg). MS (ISP) 627.1 [(M+H) + ].
  • the title compound was prepared from (2-amino-4-fluoro-5-pyrrolidin-1-yl-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J15) and 3-[3-(3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-propionic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example K4) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a light yellow solid (126 mg). MS (ISP) 468 [(M+H) + ]; mp 186 °C.
  • the title compound was prepared from (5-amino-2-dimethylamino-2'-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-carbamic acid tert.-butyl ester (Example J20) (691 mg, 2.0 mmol) and 2,2-dimethyl-6-(3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl-phenyl)-[1,3]dioxin-4-one (Example L4) (543 mg, 2.0 mmol) according to the general procedure M. Obtained as a yellow solid (820 mg). Mp 125-135 °C.

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