EP1361136B1 - Procédé de mesure de la compliance d'une voie ferrée et véhicule pour l'application de ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure de la compliance d'une voie ferrée et véhicule pour l'application de ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1361136B1
EP1361136B1 EP03000489A EP03000489A EP1361136B1 EP 1361136 B1 EP1361136 B1 EP 1361136B1 EP 03000489 A EP03000489 A EP 03000489A EP 03000489 A EP03000489 A EP 03000489A EP 1361136 B1 EP1361136 B1 EP 1361136B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring
vehicle
track
rails
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03000489A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1361136A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Rechel
Hans-Jörg Dr. Höhberger
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DB Netz AG
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DB Netz AG
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Publication date
Application filed by DB Netz AG filed Critical DB Netz AG
Publication of EP1361136A1 publication Critical patent/EP1361136A1/fr
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Publication of EP1361136B1 publication Critical patent/EP1361136B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring method and an arrangement for detecting the Compliance of a track. It is used for track diagnosis in Framework of track inspection or track measurement runs and creates in addition to an assessment of the geometrical track condition, also the requirements for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the flexibility of the Track.
  • the flexibility of a track is made up of the flexibility of everyone Components of the track construction together. This affects the upper and lower structure just like the underground. In addition to the rails, the Rail fastenings, intermediate layers, sleepers, the bedding and the level Proportions to compliance.
  • the compliance may increase change over time. Slow and fast changes occur on. Slow changes can be caused in particular by aging processes caused on the components of the track construction, while rapid changes mainly due to changing climatic influences or arise from structural changes. There are also variations in the flexibility along the track, for example due to different Track construction technologies, or if different in the course of the route geological subsurface conditions occur. There are also inhomogeneities in compliance by local disturbances. This includes transitions, partial threshold hollow layers or a change from newly worked through to aged track sections and vice versa.
  • a rail vehicle moving in the track is always two different types Subject to excitation mechanisms for the occurrence of dynamic forces between the wheels of the rail vehicle and the Track are responsible. On the one hand, there are suggestions from the course the track geometry itself including any track position errors. On the other hand these are suggestions due to the flexibility of the tracks and in particular the dynamic effects from different successive Resilience in the course of the track, which is considerable when there are major changes can even take on threatening proportions. In the course of measures to Track maintenance therefore depends on the detection of geometric track position errors also the course of the track compliance To determine measurements in order to take appropriate measures in a given To be able to guarantee or restore the tolerance range.
  • the measuring chain consists of vector distance measuring systems which are the distance vectors from the platform to the mounting points of so-called measuring heads, which in turn record the vertical and horizontal distances to the rails close to the wheel contact point measure ..
  • the measuring chain consists of vector distance measuring systems which are the distance vectors from the platform to the mounting points of so-called measuring heads, which in turn record the vertical and horizontal distances to the rails close to the wheel contact point measure ..
  • DE 195 31 336 C2 comes for measurements in the vertical and the horizontal plane to apply the method of optical triangulation.
  • To errors in the scanning measurements on the naturally curved and inclined surfaces of the rail heads due to translational movements to compensate for the rail vehicle also becomes an orthogonal optical one Tracking of the vertical as well as the horizontal measuring arrangement intended.
  • a beam of light is used for vertical probing Rail in the horizontal direction depending on the output signal of the horizontal Measuring system and vice versa a light beam for horizontal probing in the vertical direction with the output signal of the vertical measuring system driven. This ensures that
  • a Measuring frame used as a reference base to determine its position and a combination of its angle in an absolute coordinate system the differential working positioning system DGPS with an inertial navigation system INS uses. This results in accuracies in the millimeter range reached.
  • Relative measurements of the rail heads in relation to the measuring platform are carried out by ultrasonic measuring heads. Orthogonal tracking the measuring heads to ensure straight-line probing traces Not.
  • measuring vehicles with specially prepared axes. These are running axles under the measuring vehicle are usually arranged in the middle and are only guided in such a way, that they transmit very little loads to the rails. On the barrel axles there are measuring arrangements that those on the wheels of the correspond to the loaded wheel set. A disadvantage of this type of measuring vehicle however, that these require a greater manufacturing effort and due to their special design are also classified as special vehicles, whereby they are subject to special operational restrictions.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a measuring method and an arrangement to create the flexibility of a track with which to create a complete continuous recording of the flexibility of tracks in common with measurements on the geometric track position with high measuring speed up to Maximum line speed can be carried out, with the necessary measuring systems are installed on measuring vehicles according to the standard design.
  • This object is achieved in connection with the preamble of the main claim solved by measuring the vertical position from a first measuring system and the horizontal position of both rails of a track in the immediate vicinity of the Wheel contact points of a wheelset belonging to a measuring vehicle under load take place, for which measuring heads are used in vertical and horizontal arrangement, which are located on a measuring frame that is quasi-rigidly connected to the axle bearings is.
  • a second measuring system preferably used in the middle of the measuring vehicle is located on a system carrier, which has mechanical compensation devices which has the vertically and horizontally arranged measuring heads installed there Translational and rotational movements of the vehicle frame while driving as well when moving the rails in arches in the opposite sense, always shifted so that a sufficiently constant distance to the rails is guaranteed.
  • the vertical position and the horizontal position of the rails are on the second measuring system measured when the measuring vehicle continuously by half Length has moved, and the measuring heads then on the previously under load certain measuring point if the rails are lowered due to the Wandering and thus easing the load has declined locally.
  • the object is further achieved according to the invention by using as a reference a gyro-stabilized inertial system in an absolute coordinate system is used, and the vertical and horizontal positions of the rails as a reference base using vectorial distance measurement and optical triangulation can be determined on the vertically and horizontally arranged measuring heads.
  • the method enables the vertical position to be independent of each other and the horizontal position of the rails with and without load for the same
  • the load settles in the vertical direction from a static part, which corresponds to the wheel load, as well as from a dynamic part.
  • the load consists of one static component that corresponds to the form-fit of the wheel-rail contact surface and from a dynamic part of the horizontal force.
  • Optical tracking devices are particularly useful for the application of the invention of the known type for the vertical and horizontal measuring heads provided. This is how the light beam is used for vertical probing of the rails in the horizontal direction depending on the output signal of the horizontal Measuring system and the light beam for horizontal probing of the rails in the vertical direction with the output signal of the vertical measuring system driven. As a result, the contact traces run for the vertical and for the horizontal measurements always straight.
  • the invention further provides that the compensation devices on second measuring system, which is used to measure the rail positions without load, about mechanical devices for horizontal compensation and about mechanical Devices for vertical compensation on the measuring heads for measurement the vertical position and on the measuring heads for measuring the horizontal position and also have facilities for roll angle compensation.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is that with its application the track compliance in the course of track inspection runs without gaps and is continuously recordable, and immediately with the assessment of the geometric Track position can go hand in hand.
  • a high measuring speed up to Maximum line speed can be driven.
  • a measuring vehicle 3 has a first measuring system 1 and a second measuring system 2.
  • the vertical position z and the horizontal position y of rails 5 are measured from an inertial reference base 4 with the first measuring system 1 for each measuring point x 0 directly next to the wheel contact points of the two wheels of a wheel set 6.
  • the first measuring system 1 is equipped with measuring heads 7 for measuring the vertical position z and the horizontal position y of the rails 5 of a track, which determine the real position of the rails 5 relative to the inertial reference base 4.
  • the rails 5 Under the load introduced via the wheels 6, the rails 5 have vertical displacements in the form of depressions and horizontal displacements as a result of the form-locking engagement of the wheel-rail contact surface with respect to the unloaded sections of the track.
  • the unloaded section In addition to the areas in front of and behind the measuring vehicle 3, the unloaded section also includes the area of the rails 5 approximately in the middle of the measuring vehicle 3.
  • the second measuring system 2 which also has measuring heads 7 for measuring the vertical position z and the horizontal position y Rails 5 is provided, which determine the real position relative to the inertial reference base 4.
  • the measurements of the vertical positions z and the horizontal positions y of the rails 5 are repeated when the measuring vehicle 3 has moved forward by half a vehicle length, as a result of which the second measuring system 2 in turn has reached the measuring point x 0 .
  • the measurements for both rails 5 of the track give the size of the vertical position z load of the top edge of the rail below the wheel contact point. This wheel contact point corresponds to the measuring point x 0.
  • the length difference ⁇ z is also related to the size of the load Q , which can be determined using known measuring methods, for example using a measuring wheel set. This results in a measure of the flexibility of the track N v - or its two rails 5 - in the vertical plane.
  • N v ⁇ z Q
  • the load Q is composed of a static wheel load Q 0 and a dynamic part Q dyn .
  • Q Q 0 + Q dyn
  • the load Q is always greater than zero and the quotient for the flexibility of the track N v is always defined.
  • a corresponding analogous procedure is used for the detection and assessment of the horizontal compliance of the track, or of the rails 5.
  • the size for the horizontal position y load of the rail flanks below the wheel contact point is obtained from the measurements for both rails 5 of the track and then the size for the horizontal position y no load for the same measurement point x 0 when the load has subsided again ,
  • the difference between the two variables leads to a value for the length difference ⁇ z in the horizontal plane.
  • ⁇ y y load - y no load
  • the length difference ⁇ y is related to the size of the transverse load Y , which can also be determined with a known measuring wheel set, and thus gives a measure of the flexibility of the track N H - or its two rails 5 - in the horizontal plane.
  • N H ⁇ y Y
  • the shear load Y set in the horizontal plane is composed of a static component, the positive locking force Y F , and a dynamic component Y dyn .
  • Y Y F + Y dyn
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a first and a second measuring system 1 and 2 on a measuring vehicle 3.
  • the measuring vehicle 3 has two bogies, each with two 6 wheelsets.
  • Measuring heads 7 are assigned to the first measuring system 1 in such a way that that measurements of the vertical position z and the horizontal position y of the rails 5 in immediate Proximity to the wheels of the wheelset 6 are possible.
  • the measuring heads 7 are according to of Figure 3 arranged on a measuring frame 14 which is with axle bearings 15 of the Wheelset 6 is in a quasi-rigid connection.
  • the in a horizontal and in Measuring heads 7 arranged in a vertical plane are provided with distance sensors the measuring method of optical triangulation, with which in connection with the vector distance measuring systems 9 measurements of the relative positions of the rails 5 compared to the inertial reference base 4.
  • the measuring system 1 also has tracking devices in the vertical and in the horizontal plane arranged measuring heads 7.
  • the vertical measuring head 7 is always on a freely selectable but then a fixed contact line - for example the middle of the rail - the vertical Distance of the measuring head 7 detected from the rail 5, while the horizontal measuring measuring head 7 also on a freely selectable but then fixed Probe line - for example 14 mm below the top edge of the rail - the horizontal one Distance between the rail 5 and the measuring head 7 determined.
  • the measuring heads 7 are shaped such that the measuring head 7 provided for measuring the vertical position z is always above the top edge of the rail 5 remains in position while the measuring head 7 for measuring the horizontal position y always in the wheel flange shadow running.
  • the for measuring the vertical position z and the horizontal position y of the rail 5 relevant sizes are determined from the superposition of the Distance measurement values of the measuring heads 7 to the top edge of the rail respectively obtained to the rail flank with the length values by which the tracking devices 13 during the measurements from their neutral positions be deflected.
  • the first measuring system 1 and the second measuring system 2 also have via light sources 8 and vector distance measuring systems 9, the Vector distance measuring systems 9 together with the inertial reference base 4 are located on a common measuring platform 10.
  • Monitor displacement sensor 12 the distance between the measuring platform 10 and the vehicle frame 11, which determined, for example, as a result of vibrations of the measuring vehicle 3 Variations are subject.
  • the second measuring system 2 is arranged approximately in the middle of the measuring vehicle 3. According to FIG. 4, it also has measuring heads 7 for the measurement the vertical position z and the horizontal position y of the rails 5.
  • the essential The difference to the first measuring system 1 is now that the measuring heads 7 of the second measuring system 2 are not in the immediate vicinity a wheel set 6 are arranged, but freely along the rails 5 slide.
  • the measuring heads 7 of the second measuring system 2 are not in the immediate vicinity a wheel set 6 are arranged, but freely along the rails 5 slide.
  • reference base 4 in the vertical and horizontal planes these measuring heads 7 via distance sensors according to the optical measuring method Triangulation.
  • the measuring heads 7 of the second measuring system 2 are not on a quasi-rigidly connected measuring frame 14 to the axle bearings 15 attached, but are located on a system carrier 16, which is movable is attached to the vehicle frame 11 with a cross member 19.
  • This has Compensation devices 17 for those in the vertical and in the horizontal plane arranged measuring heads 7.
  • the compensation devices 17 With the compensation devices 17 the translational movements of the vehicle frame 11 while driving and movements when migrating the rails 5 in arches and switches in opposite Sense always balanced so that a sufficiently constant distance in the vertical and horizontal plane arranged measuring heads 7 to the rails 5 guaranteed is.
  • the compensation devices 17 are of the vertically measuring Measuring head 7 in the horizontal direction and from the horizontally measuring Measuring head 7 controlled in the vertical direction.
  • the system carrier 16 also has a roll angle compensator 18, the rotational movements of the vehicle frame 11 compensates.
  • the for the measurements of the vertical positions z and the horizontal positions y the Rails 5 relevant sizes are from the superposition of the determined measured distance values of the measuring heads 7 to the rail top edge or to the rail flank and those length values to the compensating devices 17 were moved out of their neutral position, in order to keep the contact tracks on the rail 5 constant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de mesure pour l'enregistrement de la flexibilité d'une voie à l'aide d'un véhicule de mesure afin de réaliser des mesures continues en utilisant un procédé de mesure inertiel pour déterminer la position verticale et horizontale des rails de la voie, caractérisé en ce que des mesures de la position verticale ainsi que de la position horizontale des rails (5) sont effectuées sous charge par un premier système de mesure (1) sur le véhicule de mesure (3) à un point de mesure (x0) des deux côtés d'une voie à proximité immédiate des points d'élévation des roues d'un jeu de roues (6) appartenant au véhicule de mesure (3) et qu'on utilise pour les mesures de la position verticale et de la position horizontale des rails (5) sans charge un deuxième système de mesure (2), placé de préférence au milieu du véhicule de mesure (3), les mesures étant ensuite effectuées au point de mesure (x0) avec le deuxième système de mesure (2) lorsque le véhicule de mesure (3) s'est avancé d'une demi-longueur et que le deuxième système de mesure (2) arrive ensuite au point de mesure (x0) défini auparavant sous charge lorsque celui-ci est considéré comme dépourvu de charge suite à la distance par rapport aux points d'élévation de roues du jeu de roues (6).
  2. Procédé de mesure pour l'enregistrement de la flexibilité d'une voie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier système de mesure (1) et le deuxième système de mesure (2) utilisent une base de référence inertielle commune (4).
  3. Procédé de mesure pour l'enregistrement de la flexibilité d'une voie selon la revendication 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen de dispositifs de réglage (17) placés sur le deuxième système de mesure (2), les mouvements translatoires d'un châssis de véhicule (11) pendant le trajet de mesure ainsi qu'à la sortie des rails (5) dans les courbes et aiguillages en sens opposé sont constamment compensés de manière à ce qu'une distance optimale des têtes de mesure (7) par rapport au rails (5) reste garantie.
  4. Procédé de mesure pour l'enregistrement de la flexibilité d'une voie selon les revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen d'un compensateur d'angle de roulis (18), les transmissions de mouvement de roulis du châssis de véhicule (11) à un support de système (16) pendant le trajet de mesure dans le sens opposé sont compensées.
  5. Véhicule de mesure comportant un dispositif d'enregistrement de la flexibilité d'une voie, servant à réaliser des mesures continues avec une base de référence inertielle ainsi que des têtes de mesure à proximité des rails de la voie pour déterminer la position verticale et horizontale réelle des rails par rapport à la base de référence inertielle, caractérisé en ce qu'est disposé sur le véhicule de mesure (3) un premier système de mesure (1) pour mesurer la position verticale ainsi que la position horizontale des rails (5) directement aux points d'élévation des roues d'un jeu de roues (6) faisant partie du véhicule de mesure (3), que sont disposées sur ce premier système de mesure (1) des têtes de mesure (7) pour un plan de mesure vertical par rapport au bord supérieur des rails et pour un plan de mesure horizontal par rapport au bord supérieur des rails, ces têtes de mesure (7) présentant des dispositifs de redressement optiques (13) pour le plan horizontal et vertical, et ce dispositif étant fixé à un cadre de mesure (14) qui est relié de manière quasiment rigide à des paliers d'essieu (15) du jeu de roues (6), et qu'un deuxième système de mesure (2) est disposé de préférence au milieu du véhicule de mesure (3) pour mesurer la position verticale ainsi que la position horizontale des rails et présente des têtes de mesure (7) pour un plan de mesure vertical par rapport au bord supérieur des rails et pour un plan de mesure horizontal par rapport au flanc des rails, lesquels systèmes se trouvent sur un support de système (16) qui dispose de mécanismes de compensation (17) pour le plan horizontal et le plan vertical.
  6. Véhicule selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le support de système (16) présente sur le deuxième système de mesure (2) un compensateur d'angle de roulis (18).
  7. Véhicule selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que les têtes de mesure (7) prévues respectivement pour les mesures de la position verticale des rails (5) sont formées et guidées de manière se trouver en permanence sans contact au dessus du bord supérieur des rails, tandis que les têtes de mesure (7) prévues pour la mesure de la position horizontale sont formées et disposées de manière à se trouver en permanence sans contact dans l'ombre de couronne d'une roue du jeu de roues (6).
  8. Véhicule selon les revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le jeu de roues (6) sert à mesurer la charge d'un jeu de roues de mesure.
EP03000489A 2002-05-06 2003-01-11 Procédé de mesure de la compliance d'une voie ferrée et véhicule pour l'application de ce procédé Expired - Lifetime EP1361136B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10220175A DE10220175C1 (de) 2002-05-06 2002-05-06 Messverfahren und Anordnung zum Erfassen der Nachgiebigkeit eines Gleises
DE10220175 2002-05-06

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EP1361136A1 EP1361136A1 (fr) 2003-11-12
EP1361136B1 true EP1361136B1 (fr) 2004-10-20

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EP03000489A Expired - Lifetime EP1361136B1 (fr) 2002-05-06 2003-01-11 Procédé de mesure de la compliance d'une voie ferrée et véhicule pour l'application de ce procédé

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EP (1) EP1361136B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE280065T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10220175C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2225800T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103754235A (zh) * 2013-12-24 2014-04-30 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 一种高铁测量用惯性定位定向装置及方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0410328D0 (en) * 2004-05-08 2004-06-09 Aea Technology Plc Track monitoring
DE102008062143B3 (de) * 2008-12-16 2010-05-12 Db Netz Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung der vertikalen Gleislage des schienengebundenen Eisenbahnverkehrs
AT518579B1 (de) * 2016-04-15 2019-03-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Messsystem zum Erfassen eines Festpunktes neben einem Gleis
AT519575B1 (de) * 2017-02-15 2018-08-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Gleismessfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Erfassung einer vertikalen Gleislage
AT520526B1 (de) * 2018-02-02 2019-05-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Schienenfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Vermessen einer Gleisstrecke
CN109910948B (zh) * 2019-03-22 2020-05-05 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 轨道高低的检测方法及装置

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CH653297A5 (en) * 1981-05-25 1985-12-31 Canron Inc Crissier Track recording car
DE3441092A1 (de) * 1984-11-09 1986-05-22 Hans-Jörg Dr. 8011 Zorneding Höhberger Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen messung von profilkurven und insbesondere von unebenheitskurven
HU200432B (en) * 1986-08-01 1990-06-28 Magyar Allamvasutak Measuring method and apparatus for qualifying the condition of railway tracks
DE19531336C2 (de) * 1994-09-17 1997-10-16 Deutsche Bahn Ag Meßvorrichtung zur berührungslosen Erfassung des Vertikal- und Horizontalabstands zwischen Fahrzeug und Schiene
DE20021678U1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2001-05-17 Peter Meinke Comp Und Kommunik Gleislagemeßsystem

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103754235A (zh) * 2013-12-24 2014-04-30 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 一种高铁测量用惯性定位定向装置及方法
CN103754235B (zh) * 2013-12-24 2016-04-13 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 一种高铁测量用惯性定位定向装置及方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE10220175C1 (de) 2003-04-17
EP1361136A1 (fr) 2003-11-12
DE50300116D1 (de) 2004-11-25
ATE280065T1 (de) 2004-11-15
ES2225800T3 (es) 2005-03-16

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