EP1359597B1 - Disjoncteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1359597B1
EP1359597B1 EP03015962A EP03015962A EP1359597B1 EP 1359597 B1 EP1359597 B1 EP 1359597B1 EP 03015962 A EP03015962 A EP 03015962A EP 03015962 A EP03015962 A EP 03015962A EP 1359597 B1 EP1359597 B1 EP 1359597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
housing wall
contact
breaker according
rated current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03015962A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1359597A3 (fr
EP1359597A2 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Kaltenegger
Lukas Zehnder
Christian Daehler
Robert Anderes
Bodo Brühl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1359597A2 publication Critical patent/EP1359597A2/fr
Publication of EP1359597A3 publication Critical patent/EP1359597A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1359597B1 publication Critical patent/EP1359597B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a circuit breaker according the preamble of claim 1.
  • This circuit breaker also points parallel to the whostrombahn a nominal current path, the at switched on circuit breaker the operating current leads.
  • the rated current is concentric around the power current path arranged.
  • the bridging contact is here with a movable, arranged in the nominal current path Rated current contact mechanically rigidly connected. At the Turn off first the nominal current path is interrupted, the to be interrupted current then commuted to the bathstrombahn, where then, as described above, a Arc is initiated and then deleted.
  • This bridging contact also shows due to its dimensions, a comparatively large to be moved Ground up to speed up the gear shifts and is to slow down.
  • the drive of the circuit breaker must be the provide the necessary energy for this.
  • This circuit breaker is with at least one with a insulating medium filled, cylindrically shaped, along a central axis, one Provided power flow path having quenching chamber. He also has two fixed, on the central axis arranged, spaced from each other in the axial direction, arranged in the power flow path AbbrandCountan extracten on and one the Abbrandcardan extracten in the on state electrically conductively connecting, movable Bridging contact. Between the fixed AbbrandCountan instructen is provided an arc zone and a parallel to the power flow path arranged with movable rated current contacts provided rated current path. The movable rated current contacts are over at least one Lever linkage connected to the bridging contact, wherein the lever linkage is designed so that the Rated current contacts always at a lower speed when the bridging contact is movable.
  • the bridging contact is also easier here Shifter pin formed, the no resilient contact elements It is therefore comparatively simple and very inexpensive to produce.
  • the burn-off contact arrangement 5 has a schematic shown contact cage 7, the electrically conductive with a paragraph of a plate-shaped carrier 8 Metal is connected.
  • the contact cage 7 has contact fingers made of metal, which is springy on the surface of the Shift pin 3 rest.
  • the Abbrandplatte 9 is preferably made of graphite, they However, it can also be made of other electrically conductive burn-resistant materials such as Consist tungsten copper compounds.
  • the the carrier 8 remote surface of the Abbrandplatte 9 is by means of a ring-shaped cover 36 of a burn-resistant insulating material against Protected against arcing.
  • the Cover 36 prevents the arc root from becoming too migrates far into the storage volume 17 inside.
  • the Abbrandnessan extract 6 corresponds in structure Abbrandkingan immediately after it is arranged in mirror image to this.
  • a dot-dash Line 11 indicates the plane of reflection, which differs from the central axis 2 is pierced vertically.
  • the Abbrandnessan effetixixix 6 has a schematic shown contact cage 12, the electrically conductive with a shoulder of a plate-shaped carrier 13 made of metal.
  • the contact cage 12 has Contact fingers made of metal, which spring on the Surface of the switch pin 3 rest.
  • the Burn-off plate 14 is preferably made of graphite, they However, it can also be made of other electrically conductive burn-resistant materials such as Consist tungsten copper compounds.
  • the the carrier 13th remote surface of the Abbrandplatte 14 is by means of a ring-shaped cover 41 of a burn-resistant insulating material against Protected against arcing. In addition, by the Cover 41 prevents the arc root from becoming too migrates far into the storage volume 17 inside.
  • the carrier 8 and 13 and the Partition 16 close an annular trained Storage volume 17, which is for storing the for provided the blowing of the arc pressurized insulating gas is designed.
  • the carrier 8 represents an end face of a cylindrically shaped, completely enclosed by metallic walls Exhaust volume 18.
  • the carrier 13 provides an end face a cylindrically shaped, completely of metallic walls enclosed exhaust volume 19. If a nominal current is provided, place the in this rated current path existing movable Rated current contacts in the switched-on state of Circuit breaker the electrically conductive connection between the metallic walls of the two exhaust volumes 18 and 19.
  • the switch pin 3 becomes in this case only of comparatively small stray currents traversed.
  • the carrier 13 is provided with a bore 20 which with a check valve 21 shown schematically is closed.
  • a line 22nd connected to the one of the switch pin 3 in Wirktagen standing piston-cylinder assembly at a Switching off compressed insulating gas to the storage volume 17 leads.
  • An inflow of the pressurized Insulating gas in the storage volume 17 is only then possible if in the storage volume 17, a lower pressure prevails as in the line 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematically represented section through the contact zone 1 of a first embodiment of Extinguishing chamber of a circuit breaker according to the invention while turning off.
  • the switching pin 3 has in course his off movement in the direction of arrow 27 between the burn-off plates 9 and 14 pulled an arc 23.
  • Arc 23 acts on the surrounding insulating gas thermally and thereby briefly increases the pressure in this As arc zone 24 designated area of the quenching chamber.
  • the pressurized insulating gas is in the storage volume 17th stored for a short time. Part of the pressurized However, insulating gas flows on the one hand through an opening 25th in the exhaust volume 18 and on the other hand through an opening 26 in the exhaust volume 19 from.
  • the switching pin 3 is with a piston-cylinder arrangement connected, in which at a switch-off insulating gas is compressed.
  • This compressed insulating gas is how an arrow 28 indicates, through the line 22 in the Storage volume 17 initiated when in the storage volume 17th a lower pressure prevails than in line 22.
  • a strong current Arc 23 the arc zone 24 heats up very much, so that a large pressure of the insulating gas in the storage volume 17 occurs, opens after exceeding a predetermined limit value, a pressure relief valve 29 and the Excess pressure is introduced into the exhaust volume 18 reduced.
  • the Circuit breaker for example, only for comparatively Small breaking currents is designed on the Pressure relief valve to dispense.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a with blasphemes 30 and 31st provided contact zone of an inventive Circuit breaker in off state.
  • the magnetic field of the blowing coils 30 and 31 offset in known manner, the arc 23 when turned off in Rotation.
  • the blowing coil 30 is in a recess of the Carrier 8 embedded, wherein the one coil end 32 a metallic bare contact surface, which means a screw 33 against the metallic bare surface of the Carrier 8 is pressed.
  • the winding end 32 is with it electrically connected to the carrier 8. Between the remaining, the carrier 8 facing surface of the blow coil 30 and the carrier 8 is an electrical insulation 34th intended.
  • the housing wall 42 is formed with a cylindrical Insulating tube 45 connected pressure-tight. On the housing wall 42 opposite side, the insulating tube 45 is pressure-tight with a further cylindrically shaped housing wall 46 connected.
  • the housing wall 46 is formed exactly the same like the housing wall 42, but it is mirror-image too her arranged, wherein the dotted line 11 the Mirroring level indicates.
  • the insulating tube 45 is arranged concentrically to the insulating partition 16.
  • These Housing wall 46 is connected to the carrier 13. That with Insulating gas under pressure, preferably SF6 gas, filled Exhaust volume 19 is from the carrier 13, with this connected, housing wall 46 and a support 13th opposite, pressure-tight with the housing wall 46th bolted cover 47 included.
  • the lid 47 is in Center provided with a cylinder 48.
  • the insulating tube 45 is in one formed by the two housing walls 42 and 46 Groove arranged, whereby by the pressure in the Exhaust volumes 18 and 19 caused tensile forces that the Insulate insulating tube 45 in the axial direction, minimized become. As a result of this recessed arrangement is the outer one Surface of the insulating tube 45 particularly good against Protected against transport damage.
  • a compression piston 51 In the cylinder 48 slides a compression piston 51, the is connected to the switching pin 3.
  • the compression piston 51 compressed at the turn-off movement of the switching pin. 3 the insulating gas located in the cylinder 48.
  • the compressed insulating gas flows through the schematic lines 22 and 22a shown in the storage volume 17th a, if the pressure conditions in this volume this allow. If in this cylinder 48 too high Compression pressure should occur, so this can by a not shown relief valve in the exhaust volume 19th be degraded into it.
  • the switching pin 3 is replaced by a not shown Drive moves.
  • At the switching pin 3 is at least one Lever 52 hinged, the other end rotatable here and slidably mounted in the housing wall 46.
  • the Lever 52 With the Lever 52 is a rocker 53 rotatably connected, which the Force exerted by the lever 52 on a hinged rod 54th transfers.
  • the rod 54 moves parallel to the direction the central axis 2, it is here in the housing wall 46th and guided in the carrier 13 with low friction.
  • the other end of the Rod 54 is a schematic as a triangle shown fingerpad 55 connected.
  • the finger-basket 55 serves as a holder for a variety of individually springy suspended contact fingers 56.
  • the contact fingers 56 form in switched state the moving part of the Nominal current of the circuit breaker.
  • the contact fingers 56 In this position, bridge the distance b electrically conductive.
  • the current through the circuit breaker then flows for example, from the power terminals 49 through the Housing wall 42, through the contact fingers 56 and the Housing wall 46 to the power terminals 50th
  • the room 57 in which this movable part of the nominal current path is accommodated by the insulating partition 16 and the beams 8 and 13 are very advantageously completely removed from the Arc zone 24 separated so that no in the Arc zone 24 generated burned particles in the area get the rated current contacts and this negative can influence.
  • the lifetime of the rated current contacts is thereby increased very advantageous, which is an advantage increased availability of the circuit breaker result.
  • the lever linkage consisting of a lever 52, a Rocker 53 and a rod 54 consist are designed so that generated by the drive, not shown, comparatively high turn-off speed of the Switching pin 3, which in the range of 10 m / sec to 20 m / sec is, is converted into an approximately ten times smaller Turn-off speed of the finger basket 55 of about 1 m / sec up to 2 m / sec.
  • This slower movement of the Fingerkorbs 55 is the mechanical stress of the same and also the contact fingers 56 are advantageously small, so that These components are comparatively light and low in mass can be performed, since they do not have a large mechanical Must withstand stresses.
  • the switching pin 3 is on the one hand with the help of in the Cylinder 48 sliding compression piston 51 out and on the other hand, in a guide part 58.
  • the guide part 58 is by means of star-shaped ribs arranged with the carrier 13 connected.
  • the figures are something closer look.
  • the switch pin 3 pulls in the course of its breaking motion between the Abbrandplatten 9 and 14 an arc 23.
  • the switching pin 3 moves with a comparatively high level Turn-off speed, so that the arc 23 only briefly on the top 4 of the switch pin 3 burns and immediately commutated to the Abbrandplatte 14.
  • the top 4 therefore has hardly any burn marks on.
  • the burn-off plates 9 and 14 are made of particularly erosion-resistant material, they point Therefore, a comparatively long life. Of the Circuit breaker must therefore only comparatively rare be revised, making it a comparatively large Has availability.
  • the two gas flows form because of the very similar design Flow areas similar, so that in the Arc zone 24 built-up pressure about evenly and controlled flows on both sides, making the im Storage volume 17 for the extinction of the arc 23rd existing insulating gas stored under pressure for so long can be done until a blowing of the arc 23 can.
  • the inventive circuit breaker is for Switchgears in the medium voltage range are particularly good suitable.
  • the compact cylindrical design of the Circuit breaker is particularly suitable for installation in Metal-enclosed systems, in particular also for installation in metal-enclosed generator leads.
  • the Circuit breaker very well suited for the replacement of obsolete circuit breakers, since he, with the same or better breaking capacity, a much smaller Space requirements than these are usually at one Such conversion no complicated structural changes necessary. If the circuit breaker for operating voltages above about 24 kV to 30 kV, so the distances a and b must be increased and the required Voltage must be adjusted, if necessary also the Turn-off speed of the switching pin 3 accordingly adapted, i. increase.
  • the switch-on speed of the switching pin 3 is at this circuit breaker in the range 5 m / sec to 10 m / sec, while the contact fingers 56 of the rated current contact with a corresponding turn-on speed in the range of 0.5 m / sec to 1 m / sec drive in their closed position.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Disjoncteur avec au moins une chambre d'extinction remplie d'un milieu isolant, de forme cylindrique, étendue le long d'un axe central (2), présentant un chemin de courant de puissance, avec deux dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) annulaires fixes, disposés sur l'axe central (2), espacés l'un de l'autre dans le sens axial, disposés dans le chemin de courant de puissance, avec un contact de court-circuit mobile reliant électriquement les dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) à l'état fermé, avec une zone d'arc électrique (24) prévue entre les dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) fixes, avec un chemin de courant nominal doté de contacts de courant nominal mobile disposé parallèlement au chemin de courant de puissance,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les contacts de courant nominal mobiles (56) sont reliés au contact de court-circuit (3) par au moins une tringlerie à levier, et
    en ce que la tringlerie à levier est conçue de telle sorte que les contacts de courant nominal (56) sont toujours mobiles à une vitesse plus faible que le contact de court-circuit (3).
  2. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les contacts de courant nominal mobiles du chemin de courant nominal sont disposés dans une chambre (57) totalement séparée de la zone d'arc électrique (24).
  3. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que le contact de court-circuit est disposé à l'intérieur des dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles annulaires (5, 6), et s'étend le long de l'axe central.
  4. Disjoncteur selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le contact de court-circuit est conçu comme une broche de commutation (3).
  5. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la broche de commutation (3) est actionnée à une vitesse d'ouverture de l'ordre de 10 m/s à 20 m/s.
  6. Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'entre les dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles fixes (5, 6) est disposée une zone de buses de forme annulaire qui s'ouvre dans un volume de stockage (17) de forme annulaire délimité par une paroi de séparation isolante (16).
  7. Disjoncteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) présentent respectivement du côté opposé à la zone d'arc électrique (24) des orifices (25, 26) pour un écoulement contrôlé de gaz ionisés depuis la zone d'arc électrique (24) dans les volumes d'échappement (18, 19) contigus correspondants.
  8. Disjoncteur selon une des revendications 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le volume de stockage (17) coopère avec un dispositif à piston et cylindre actionné par la broche de commutation (3), mettant en outre le milieu isolant sous pression.
  9. Disjoncteur selon une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les composants des dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) sont conçus comme des pièces identiques qui sont disposées spéculairement par rapport à un plan de symétrie disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe central (2).
  10. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les volumes d'échappement (18, 19) sont délimités respectivement par des parois, le premier volume d'échappement (18) étant entouré par une première paroi de boítier (42), un premier support (8) relié à celle-ci et un couvercle de fermeture (43), le deuxième volume d'échappement (19) étant entouré par une deuxième paroi de boítier (46), un deuxième support (13) relié à celle-ci et un couvercle de fermeture (47), et
    en ce que la première paroi de boítier (42) est reliée par le biais d'au moins un tube isolant (45) à la deuxième paroi de boítier (46), une distance électriquement isolante (b) demeurant entre les deux parois de boítier (42, 46).
  11. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la première paroi de boítier (42), en association avec la deuxième paroi de boítier (46) et des doigts de contact (56) qui court-circuitent de manière à conduire l'électricité la distance électriquement isolante (b) entre la première (42) et la deuxième paroi de boítier (46), forment le chemin de courant nominal du disjoncteur, et
    en ce que la première paroi de boítier (42) et la deuxième paroi de boítier (46) sont conçues comme des pièces identiques qui sont disposées spéculairement par rapport à un plan de symétrie disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe central (2).
  12. Disjoncteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les dispositifs de contact pare-étincelles (5, 6) sont dotés d'au moins une bobine de soufflage (30, 31).
EP03015962A 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur Expired - Lifetime EP1359597B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19613568 1996-04-04
DE19613568A DE19613568A1 (de) 1996-04-04 1996-04-04 Leistungsschalter
EP97810118A EP0800191B1 (fr) 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810118A Division EP0800191B1 (fr) 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1359597A2 EP1359597A2 (fr) 2003-11-05
EP1359597A3 EP1359597A3 (fr) 2004-01-28
EP1359597B1 true EP1359597B1 (fr) 2005-10-12

Family

ID=7790517

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810118A Expired - Lifetime EP0800191B1 (fr) 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur
EP03015962A Expired - Lifetime EP1359597B1 (fr) 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810118A Expired - Lifetime EP0800191B1 (fr) 1996-04-04 1997-03-03 Disjoncteur

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5929409A (fr)
EP (2) EP0800191B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4297993B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100434927B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1068136C (fr)
CA (1) CA2199350C (fr)
DE (3) DE19613568A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2189657C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA42021C2 (fr)

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US9012800B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-04-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
JP4684373B1 (ja) * 2010-02-04 2011-05-18 三菱電機株式会社 ガス遮断器
JP5218449B2 (ja) * 2010-03-02 2013-06-26 三菱電機株式会社 ガス遮断器
EP2393094A1 (fr) * 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 Eaton Industries GmbH Unité de commutation dotée d'unités d'extinction d'arc
US9147543B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2015-09-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
CN102290278B (zh) * 2011-08-04 2015-04-22 中国西电电气股份有限公司 用于电开关设备的引弧装置
WO2013057808A1 (fr) * 2011-10-19 2013-04-25 三菱電機株式会社 Coupe-circuit à gaz
WO2013136516A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 三菱電機株式会社 Coupe-circuit pour gaz
CN106571262B (zh) * 2016-10-27 2019-03-12 河南平高电气股份有限公司 一种隔离开关及其触头组件
RU2653692C1 (ru) * 2017-05-30 2018-05-14 Алексей Иванович Емельянов Способ гашения электрической дуги отключения
WO2019106841A1 (fr) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-06 株式会社 東芝 Disjoncteur à gaz
CN112331517B (zh) * 2020-11-19 2023-06-27 西安西电开关电气有限公司 气体灭弧室

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JPS57185146U (fr) * 1981-05-19 1982-11-24
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100434927B1 (ko) 2004-09-08
CN1170948A (zh) 1998-01-21
DE59712446D1 (de) 2005-11-17
RU2189657C2 (ru) 2002-09-20
DE19613568A1 (de) 1997-10-09
CA2199350C (fr) 2005-09-13
EP0800191A2 (fr) 1997-10-08
EP0800191B1 (fr) 2004-05-06
EP0800191A3 (fr) 2000-10-18
EP1359597A3 (fr) 2004-01-28
CN1068136C (zh) 2001-07-04
UA42021C2 (uk) 2001-10-15
KR970071877A (ko) 1997-11-07
CA2199350A1 (fr) 1997-10-04
JP4297993B2 (ja) 2009-07-15
JPH1031945A (ja) 1998-02-03
DE59711587D1 (de) 2004-06-09
EP1359597A2 (fr) 2003-11-05
US5929409A (en) 1999-07-27

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