EP1351766A2 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dosieren kleiner flüssigkeitsmengen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dosieren kleiner flüssigkeitsmengenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1351766A2 EP1351766A2 EP02702254A EP02702254A EP1351766A2 EP 1351766 A2 EP1351766 A2 EP 1351766A2 EP 02702254 A EP02702254 A EP 02702254A EP 02702254 A EP02702254 A EP 02702254A EP 1351766 A2 EP1351766 A2 EP 1351766A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- liquid
- media
- media reservoir
- connecting channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
- B01L3/0241—Drop counters; Drop formers
- B01L3/0268—Drop counters; Drop formers using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0861—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices
- B01L2300/0864—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices comprising only one inlet and multiple receiving wells, e.g. for separation, splitting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
- B01L2400/0487—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure fluid pressure, pneumatics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/2575—Volumetric liquid transfer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to devices and methods for dosing small amounts of liquid, and in particular to those devices and methods which are suitable for simultaneous, precise dosing of small or smallest amounts of liquid from a plurality of parallel channels.
- Known microdosing devices are described in DE-A-19706513 and DE-A-19802368. These known devices are based on a functional principle in which an accelerator is applied to a liquid to be metered within a pressure chamber by a displacer.
- the pressure chamber has a fluid connection to an outlet opening and to a fluid reservoir.
- the displacement is actuated in these known devices, the liquid moves back both through the outlet opening and into the reservoir.
- a microdosing device by means of which a plurality of microdroplets can be applied to a substrate, an acceleration being applied to an entire dosing head there.
- This acceleration of the entire dosing head results in a relative acceleration between the contained fluid and dosing head due to the inertia, such that droplets are expelled from the respective nozzle openings of the dosing head.
- WO 00/62932 discloses methods and devices for the metered dispensing of very small quantities of liquid, where discharge quantities in a range from 0.1 nl to 100 ⁇ l are mentioned.
- a capillary provided with an outlet opening is used, to which at least one gas line connects via a discharge point. closed is.
- a gas surge is introduced into the gas line via the capillary, so that a quantity of liquid located in the capillary section between the mouth and the outlet opening is metered out of the outlet opening.
- This document also mentions the possibility of creating a pipetting array using a plurality of metering devices as described above. Even with the dosing devices described in this document, there is a backflow into the reservoir or, in the worst case, air bubbles can rise into the reservoir line and block it.
- micropumps pen for Mikrotropfeninjektoren known in which varied by a drivable by means of a piezoelectric flexural transducer membrane, the volume of a pumping chamber An inlet opening and an outlet opening of the pump chamber are provided A pumping action can be achieved when the membrane is actuated either by providing a check valve to the inlet opening and the outlet opening or by providing a buffer adjacent to the pump chamber.
- a bidirectional dynamic micropump which has a pump chamber as well as an inlet and an outlet for the pump chamber with different flow resistances.
- a membrane borders on the pump chamber, the delivery direction of the micropump being controllable by suitable shaping of the actuation pulse for the membrane.
- a plate is known from WO 97/15314, which has a plurality of recesses penetrating the same. The recesses have a large opening towards one surface of the plate and a small nozzle opening towards the opposite surface. By applying pressure to the large opening, a jet of liquid can be expelled through the small nozzle opening.
- Another dosing device is known from WO 99/36176, which has a liquid reservoir and a channel fluidly connected to the liquid reservoir. Openings are formed in opposite channel walls of the channel, so that the liquid located between the openings can be metered out by exerting pressure on one of the openings.
- the object of the present invention is to provide devices and methods for metering small amounts of liquid, which allow a simple construction of a microdosing device and furthermore enable simultaneous, precise metering of small amounts of liquid from several parallel channels.
- microdosing device according to claim 1 and a method for dosing small amounts of liquid according to claim 12.
- the present invention provides a microdosing device with the following features:
- a media reservoir for containing a liquid to be dosed
- a nozzle which is connected to the media reservoir via a connecting channel and can be filled with the liquid to be metered via the connecting channel; and a drive device for applying a force to a liquid in the media reservoir and the nozzle when the same is actuated such that an essentially identical pressure is exerted on the liquid in the media reservoir and the liquid in the nozzle,
- flow resistances of the connecting channel and the nozzle are designed such that when the drive device is actuated, a volume flow in the connecting channel is small compared to a volume flow in the nozzle which causes the liquid to be metered to be ejected from an ejection opening of the nozzle.
- the present invention further provides a method for dosing small amounts of liquid, comprising the following steps:
- the volume flow in the connection channel is small compared to the volume flow of the liquid in the nozzle, to thereby discharge a quantity of the liquid to be dosed from a discharge opening of the nozzles.
- the principle of operation of the microdosing device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for dosing small amounts of liquid is based on two points: one is the simultaneous application of a force to the reservoir and nozzle or nozzle channel so that an essentially equal pressure acts on them, and secondly an adequate separation of the reservoir and the nozzle from one another by the connecting channel. Such a separation is all the more effective the higher the fluidic resistance of the connecting channel in relation to the fluidic resistance of the nozzle channel. Due to the fluidic separation, according to the invention, the maximum volume in the nozzle is dosed, the dosing process automatically stopping after this volume has been dosed out.
- the reservoir, the nozzle and the connecting channel are preferably formed in a dosing head, such a dosing head preferably being able to have a plurality of reservoirs, nozzles and connecting channels.
- a driving force is applied to the entire liquid contained in the dosing head, i.e. both the reservoir and the nozzle are energized. Therefore, and because the pressure gradient across the connecting line is negligible, there is no backflow into the reservoir according to the invention.
- both the reservoirs and the nozzles are arranged in a grid which corresponds to the format of a microtiter plate. Furthermore, the reservoirs and the nozzles can be arranged in a different grid, so that a format conversion takes place between the format of the reservoirs and that of the receiving container, usually a microtiter plate, by means of a metering process.
- the dosing head used in the microdosing device according to the invention can be manufactured in a conventionally known manner using micromechanical methods, for example made of silicon or plastic, for example using injection molding technology. technology.
- the drive device consists of a pneumatic or hydraulic drive unit which has a pressure chamber which can be quickly filled with a gas or a liquid as a buffer medium in order to apply the required force to the reservoirs and nozzles.
- the reservoirs and the end thereof opposite the ejection end of the nozzles are preferably formed in a surface of the dosing head, so that the entire first side of the dosing head or dosing head substrate can be acted upon by the driving force, only those in the nozzle, i.e. liquid contained in the nozzle channel and the nozzle opening is dispensed and the dosing process stops automatically as soon as the liquid contained therein has been dispensed.
- This principle makes it possible to dispense with a spatial separation of the areas in which the nozzles or reservoirs are arranged, as a result of which much higher integration densities can be achieved than with devices in which the driving force is only on the rear nozzle areas, but not affects the reservoirs.
- the present invention thus creates devices and methods with which liquids can be dispensed in a highly parallel manner, for example into a microtiter plate.
- the microdosing device according to the invention thus has a simple structure and nevertheless enables exact dosing, even when implementing a highly integrated dosing system in which dosing is to be carried out in parallel, for example, using 1536 nozzles.
- such an exact metering can take place without the use of active or passive valves, such as are partially used according to the prior art, since both the reservoir and the nozzles are acted upon by the force and the connecting channel between them is designed accordingly.
- the present invention thus represents a significant improvement in the dosing technology in the nanoliter range, which enables highly parallel and thus significantly faster dosing of reagents in microtiter plates.
- the present invention allows a high degree of parallelization and integration density, with, for example, 96, 384, 1536 or more doses being carried out simultaneously with a grid dimension of 9.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 2.25 mm or below can.
- the present invention also allows adaptation to formats outside the standard for microtiter plates.
- the present invention enables extremely high dosing accuracy, the error in the dosing volume being below 5 nl for typical dosing quantities of 50 nl to 100 nl.
- the contactless delivery in the open beam also prevents the spread of media.
- reformatting can be carried out in parallel, for example from a 384 format to a 1536 format.
- the present invention allows media to be stored in the dosing head, so that the step of transferring from the storage unit, which is currently typically a 96-well microtiter plate, to the automatic dosing device, which is currently parallel air-cushion pipettes or the like acts, can be saved.
- the metered volume is largely independent of the physical properties of the liquids used.
- the present invention further enables the construction of a microdosing device in which the dosing head can be replaced easily, so that the drive device, which is generally more complex than the dosing head itself, can be used for a large number of different dosing heads. It is particularly advantageous here that the entire first surface of the dosing head with the force is applied, so that no adaptation is necessary here even with different arrangement of reservoirs and nozzles in different dosing heads.
- the present invention is therefore particularly suitable for dispensing precise quantities of liquids in microtiter plates which have a standardized external dimension and a large number of reservoirs arranged next to one another.
- Such microtiter plates as explained above, comprise a multiplicity of reservoirs, for example 96, 384, 1536 or more, the spacing between the reservoirs correspondingly being 9 mm, 4.5 mm, 2.25 mm, etc.
- the volume of the reservoirs is approximately 100 ⁇ l, 20 ⁇ l, 4 ⁇ l, etc.
- Chemical or biochemical reactions are carried out in these reservoirs and the reaction products are analyzed.
- the possibility of precisely filling microtiter plates with predetermined amounts of liquid is therefore an essential prerequisite for carrying out quantitative analyzes using the smallest amounts of liquid, the present invention advantageously offering precisely this possibility.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view, partly in cross section, of a microdosing device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a network model of the microdosing device shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3A shows a generalized network model for the metering system according to the invention, and FIG. 3B shows a network model for a known microdosing system;
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a microdosing device according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of a microdosing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 and 7 are top views of dosing heads which can be used in a microdosing device according to the invention.
- 9A to 9D are schematic representations which show different designs of the connecting channel in the case of microdosing devices according to the invention.
- 10A to 10D are schematic top views of dosing head substrates or portions thereof that can be used in microdosing devices according to the invention.
- 11A and 11B are schematic cross-sectional views for illustrating a drive device that can be used according to the invention.
- the microdosing device further comprises a drive device which, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, has a pressure chamber 12, a housing 13 for the pressure chamber 12 and a device 14 for pressurizing the pressure chamber.
- the device 14 can be a conventional pump or a compressed air valve with a corresponding feed line to the pressure chamber 12.
- a venting device 16 is provided for venting the pressure chamber 12.
- the pressure generating device 14 and the venting device 16 are connected to a control device 18, which controls the same in order to eject droplets from the nozzle 6.
- the nozzle 6 shown there has a nozzle channel 20 and a nozzle opening 22, the nozzle channel 20 having a larger cross section than the nozzle opening 22.
- the opening of the nozzle channel opposite the nozzle opening 22 can be referred to as the actuation opening.
- the nozzle opening 22 is dimensioned such that the surface tension of the liquid at the nozzle opening 22 prevents it from running out in the idle state.
- the nozzle channel 20 is designed so that it is completely filled with fluid due to the capillary force.
- the media reservoir 4 is arranged on a first side of the dosing head 2, i.e. formed in a first surface thereof, whereas the liquid is dispensed through the nozzle opening 22 on the opposite second side of the dosing head.
- the unit referred to herein as the nozzle is formed by the nozzle channel 20 and the nozzle ejection opening 22 and represents a fluid connection between the first surface 2 and the second opposite surface 26 of the dosing head 2.
- the connection channel 10 connects the media reservoir 4 and the nozzle 6 In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, at a mouth section 28 in the lower region of the nozzle channel 20.
- FIG. 2 shows a network model of the dosing head shown in FIG. 1, with P A denoting the pressure difference between the top 24 and bottom 26 of the dosing head 2, which is generated by the force applied by means of the drive device 12, 13, 14.
- the resistance R 2 represents the flow resistance of the connecting channel 10.
- the flow resistance Rn is assigned to the section of the nozzle channel between the first side 24 of the dosing head 2 and the point at which the connecting channel 10 opens.
- the flow resistance R 12 of the nozzle channel is assigned to the section between the point at which the connecting channel 10 opens into the nozzle channel 20 and the nozzle opening 22.
- the flow resistance R 13 is assigned to the nozzle outlet opening 22 itself.
- 2 shows the fluidic connection of the flow resistances explained above and the connection of the same with the reservoir 4 and the pressure P A generated.
- the fluidic shown results Network model that behaves similarly to a corresponding electrical network.
- the flow resistances of the connecting duct 10 and the nozzle i.e. of the nozzle channel 20 and the nozzle opening 22, such that when a liquid 8 in the media reservoir and the nozzle is acted upon with such a force that an essentially identical pressure is exerted on the liquid in the media reservoir and the liquid in the nozzle Volume flow in the connecting channel 10 is small compared to a volume flow in the nozzle 6.
- the metered volume depends on the ratio of the two resistors. If you choose R 2 / Rn «10, the metered volume corresponds to the liquid volume contained in the nozzle with a systematic deviation of a maximum of 10%. This deviation is due to the fact that, owing to the pressure drop across the flow resistance Rn at the junction parts of the connecting channel into the nozzle, the pressure is lower than on the upper side, ie the first side, of the dosing head or in the reservoir. This creates a pressure difference across the connection channel, the size of which depends on the ratio of the flow resistances R 2 and Rn, this pressure difference inducing an additional volume flow in the connection channel in the direction of the nozzle opening.
- This volume flow or flow also contributes to the metered volume.
- the exact amount of this systematic deviation depends on the details of the specific design of the connecting duct and nozzle duct.
- the deviation can be minimized by clever, geometrical design of the channels, particularly at their junction parts.
- the proportion of this induced flow in the total flow through the nozzle or the nozzle opening can be estimated independently of these geometric details with the value Rn / R 2 upwards. Due to the additional flow through the connecting channel, the dosing volume increases to a maximum of (1 + Rn / R 2 ) times the volume of the nozzle channel.
- the process described above is reproducible and the ratio of the flow resistances does not depend on the media properties of the fluid, the accuracy and functionality of the metering device is not affected.
- the exact ratio of the flow resistances is therefore not essential as long as Rn ⁇ R 2 .
- the ratio of the flow resistances causes a systematic error which can be compensated for in the manufacture of the metering devices.
- it does not cause a statistical error that would affect the reproducibility of the metering device.
- it may be desirable in practice to determine the dosing volume as precisely as possible by the volume contained in the nozzle. In this case, it is favorable to choose Rn / R 2 as small as possible or R 2 / Rn as large as possible, for example R 2 / Rn> 100. This leads to an excellent fluidic decoupling of nozzle and reservoir during a metering process and the metered volume corresponds to the nozzle volume with a maximum deviation of 1%.
- FIG. 3A shows a generalized network model which shows a microdosing device according to the invention
- the resistance R ⁇ represents the fluidic resistance of the connecting channel between the nozzle and the reservoir
- the flow resistance R D represents the flow resistance of the entire nozzle consisting of the Represents the resistance of the nozzle channel and the resistance of the nozzle opening.
- P A in turn denotes the static or dynamic pressure generated by the respective drive unit.
- the resistance R ⁇ must be chosen large in comparison to the flow resistance R D.
- the ratio of the flow resistances to be selected in the individual case depends on of the liquid which is to be metered, again it being noted that the greater the difference in resistance, the greater the range of liquids which can be metered with the same metering device.
- the dosing head 2 which as a rule has a plurality of reservoirs and nozzles, only one reservoir 4 and one nozzle 6 being shown in FIG. 1 because of the section by section, is first filled with the liquid or liquids to be dosed. This is done, for example, by filling the liquids into the reservoir or reservoirs 4 using commercially available pipetting machines.
- the remaining lines in the dosing head, ie the connecting channel 10, the nozzle channel 20 and the nozzle opening 22, are filled by capillary forces from the media reservoirs in question.
- the nozzle and nozzle opening 22 are dimensioned such that the liquid emerges from the nozzle is prevented both on the side 24 and on the side 26 by the surface tension of the same in the idle state.
- the volume of the nozzle 6 is essentially determined by the larger bore is, whereas the flow resistance of the nozzle is essentially defined by the smaller bore.
- This subdivision of the nozzle into two areas of different diameters is not absolutely necessary for the functioning of the dosing device according to the invention, but it facilitates the design of the dosing head by making it possible to set the desired dosing quantity, regardless of the retention capacity of the nozzle opening 22 against a hydrostatic pressure in the liquid that can occur during handling and transport.
- the dosing head 2 is connected to a drive unit, as shown schematically in FIG. 1 by the elements identified by the reference numerals 12 and 14.
- a drive unit as shown schematically in FIG. 1 by the elements identified by the reference numerals 12 and 14.
- an overpressure is then generated in the pressure chamber 12, which acts uniformly on the entire first side of the dosing head, that is to say the media reservoir 4 and the nozzle 6 are imprinted from the first side substantially the same pressure is applied.
- This overpressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 12 exerts a force on the liquid 8 in the dosing head 2.
- the liquid in the connecting channel remains essentially at rest, while liquid is expelled from the nozzle channel 20 through the nozzle opening 22.
- the entire amount of liquid in the nozzle can be dispensed through the nozzle opening 22 without the liquid in the connecting channel moving.
- the metered amount of liquid is thus precisely determined by the geometry of the nozzle.
- the dosing of the liquid stops automatically when the nozzle is completely empty.
- a fluid volume which corresponds to the total volume of the nozzle 6, can be metered out of the nozzle opening 6, as described.
- the starting state after switching off the drive device can alternatively be restored in two ways.
- the pressure chamber can be vented, for example through the valve 16 shown in FIG. 1.
- the pressure generating device can be designed using so-called 3/2-way pneumatic valves in order to actively vent the pressure chamber by switching the valves enable.
- a ventilation device is not provided, or the drive unit uses pure switching valves, i.e. 2/2-way pneumatic valves, after switching off the pressure supply, the excess pressure can be reduced by a gas flow through the nozzles.
- the connecting channel 10 and the nozzle 6 fill, i.e. the nozzle channel 20 and the nozzle opening 22 of the same, due to the capillary forces, again from the media reservoir connected to the same, whereupon a new dosing process can be carried out.
- the microdosing device in order to achieve a clean tearing off of the emerging liquid column at the nozzle opening, it is advantageous to generate a sufficiently high pressure amplitude in the pressure chamber, whose change over time should also advantageously take place within a very short time, so that high dynamics the pressure change is reached.
- the liquid ejection is completed within a short time, for example 10 milliseconds, while the fluid lines for the refilling by capillary forces are designed in such a way that this process proceeds much more slowly, for example within 100 milliseconds. This means that both effects overlap only marginally. Lich and the precision of the dosing volume is not distorted by the capillary refilling.
- microdosing device according to the present invention and the mode of operation thereof have been described in general terms, exemplary embodiments and special configurations thereof will be discussed in more detail below.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a microdosing device according to the invention, which is suitable for the simultaneous application of microdroplets to corresponding locations 30 of a microtiter plate 32, which may have a conventional grid of reservoirs 30.
- the dosing head 2 of the microdosing device has a plurality of media reservoirs 4 in the top 24 thereof.
- the microdosing device shown in FIG. 4 comprises a drive device 40, which may have a structure, for example, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 5.
- a plurality of microdroplets can be applied simultaneously to a microtiter plate 32, for example, by simultaneously actuating a plurality of fluid reservoirs 4 with associated nozzles by means of the drive device 40.
- the dosing head 2 can preferably be exchanged simply and automatically, so that 40 different dosing heads or dosing head substrates can be used together with the same drive device, as long as the outer dimensions of the same or the drive device device is designed to interact with dosing head substrates of different external dimensions.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a microdosing device according to the invention with a plurality of media reservoirs 4, nozzles 6 and connecting channels 10, which are formed in a dosing head substrate 2.
- the drive device in turn comprises a pressure chamber 12 with a corresponding housing 13.
- the housing can be designed in a suitable manner in order to enable attachment to the dosing head substrate 2 or to enable the use of an exchangeable dosing head 2.
- a diffuser 40 is provided in the pressure chamber 12 and serves to ensure a uniform distribution of the pressure over all reservoirs 4 and nozzles 6.
- the pneumatic implementation of the drive unit shown here also includes fast-switching valves 42 and compressed air supply lines 4.4.
- the fast-switching valves 42 can generate high pressure with high dynamics, through which a driving force is transmitted to the liquids in the dosing head, i.e. simultaneously on the liquids in the media reservoirs 4 and the nozzles 6.
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of a section of a dosing head which can be used for a parallel delivery of reagents into a 1536 microtiter plate, 24 media reservoirs 4, connecting channels 10 and associated nozzles 6 being shown.
- the connection channels 10a have a shape, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 9A. It is clear that, according to the invention, a microdosing head can have almost any number of media reservoirs and nozzles, an exemplary metering head with 96 media reservoirs and associated nozzles with exemplary dimensions being shown in FIG. 7.
- a media reservoir does not have to be assigned to each nozzle, but there is essentially freedom of choice in that one or more media reservoirs can be provided which can be connected to one or more nozzles, a respective one
- the media reservoir can be connected to a nozzle via a plurality of connecting lines
- a media reservoir can be connected to a plurality of nozzles via a plurality of connecting lines
- a nozzle can be connected to a plurality of media reservoirs via a plurality of connecting lines, as will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIGS. 10A to 10D.
- both the reservoirs and the nozzles can be arranged in a different grid in the microdosing device according to the invention, so that the metering process results in a format change between the format of the reservoirs and that of the receiving container.
- a conventional pipetting device can be used to fill a microtiter plate, even if the pipetting device has a different grid dimension than the microtiter plate to be filled.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D exemplary embodiments of nozzles formed in the dosing head of a microdosing device according to the invention will now be explained.
- the simplest embodiment of a nozzle 6a is shown in FIG. 8A, the entire nozzle consisting of a single channel with a constant diameter.
- the resistances Rn and R i2 which were explained above with reference to FIG. 2, can be influenced within certain limits become.
- the nozzle 6 shown in FIG. 8B corresponds to the nozzle explained above with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 8C shows a nozzle 6b which is divided into three sections. Such a subdivision can be advantageous under certain circumstances if not only the dosing volume but also the shape and / or dynamics of the ejected jet are important.
- FIG. 8D shows a conical nozzle 6c.
- the nozzle ejection opening as well as the opening opposite it and the nozzle channel connecting the openings not in a circular manner but in any shape.
- the diameter of the nozzle channel can vary depending on the depth in a different way than shown in FIGS. 8B to 8D.
- FIGS. 9A to 9D Various design options for the connecting channel, which connects the inner reservoirs and nozzles, are shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D.
- the connection channel can be adapted both in terms of its course and in terms of its diameter.
- 9A shows a channel 10a which is open towards the top of the dosing head.
- Such a channel is used in the embodiments of a dosing head shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- This possibility of designing the channel also enables the microdosing device to be operated according to the principle described and has advantages. obviously a simple production and the advantage that gas inclusions in the connecting channel can escape very easily.
- a circular reservoir 4 is connected to the nozzle 6 by a rectangular connection channel 10a, the reservoir and the connection channel having the same depth in order to ensure that the reservoir is emptied to the bottom.
- FIG. 9B shows a sectional view of a dosing head substrate in the plane of the substrate.
- a media reservoir 4 and a nozzle 6 can be seen, which are connected to one another via a curved channel 10B.
- other, arbitrary courses are possible, wherein in particular meandering courses can be used in order to realize an increase in the flow resistance between the media reservoir and the nozzle.
- the connecting channel between the media reservoir and the nozzle can furthermore have any cross-sections and does not necessarily have to be rectangular.
- the cross section can widen or narrow in the course of the channel, it being also possible for two or more connecting channels to be arranged between the same reservoir and the same nozzle, for example.
- FIG. 9C Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 9C, in which the channel is formed by three subchannels 10c.
- the channel does not have to run parallel to the surface of the dosing head, but can have an arbitrary course within the dosing head, an obliquely running channel 10d being shown in FIG. 9D.
- the channel it should only be noted that it does not establish a direct connection to the underside of the dosing head, but only via the nozzle.
- the flow resistance of the connecting channel may be greater than the flow resistance of the nozzle.
- 10A to 10D show different possibilities for arranging the fluidic components, media reservoir, connecting channel and nozzle in the dosing head of the microdosing device according to the invention.
- elements for example media reservoirs, installed in a dosing head have to have the same dimension.
- nozzles that contain different volumes can be accommodated on the same dosing head.
- 10A schematically shows a dosing head section in which a media reservoir 4 is connected to four nozzles 6 via four connecting channels 10.
- 10B two media reservoirs 4 are each connected to a nozzle 6 via a connecting channel 10.
- an arrangement is also possible in which all nozzles 6 are filled from a single reservoir 4a, as shown in FIG. IOC.
- the format can be changed by the dosing head. This means that the distance between the nozzles and the distance between the reservoirs can be different.
- FIG. 10D An example of such an arrangement with wide distances between reservoirs 4 and narrow distances between nozzles 6 is shown in FIG. 10D, in which example each nozzle 6 is connected via a connection dungskanal 10 is connected to an associated media reservoir 4.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show an alternative embodiment of a drive device that can be used according to the invention.
- the dosing head has the structure described above with reference to FIG. 9A with regard to media reservoir 4, channel 10a and nozzle 6.
- the force required for metering is now exerted by means of a system liquid 46 on the liquid to be metered located in the media reservoir 4 and the nozzle 6.
- the system liquid 46 must not be miscible with the liquid to be dosed and must have a negative surface energy on the surface of the dosing head, ie it must not be drawn into the nozzle by capillary forces. As shown in FIGS.
- a piston 48 is provided to exert a force on the system liquid 46 in the direction of arrow 50.
- any other displacer can be provided, by means of which such a force can be exerted on the media reservoir and nozzle that an essentially identical pressure state is generated therein. The force is exerted on the liquid to be dosed via the system liquid 46, whereupon the dosing process takes place.
- FIG. 11B shows the microdosing device after the desired amount of liquid has been ejected, this amount of liquid being determined by the displaced volume.
- the system liquid 46 does not penetrate into the nozzle opening 22 nor is it drawn into it by capillary forces.
- the displacer or piston 48 is returned to the starting position, the hydrophobic system liquid 46 being expelled again by capillary forces the nozzle is displaced. This restores the original state as shown in Fig. ILA.
- the metered volume is determined by the volume of the nozzle, either only the nozzle channel or the nozzle channel and the nozzle opening, and is essentially independent of the fluid properties.
- the present invention enables the exact delivery of, for example, approximately 50 nl in a single metering operation with a suitable design of the channels and openings.
- the force required to operate the microdosing device can be applied by electromagnetic means if the liquid to be dosed has an electrical charge or a sufficient dipole moment.
- a force can be exerted on the fluid in the direction of the microtiter plate by applying suitable electromagnetic fields between the dosing head and the receptacle, ie generally the microtiter plate. terplatte are exercised.
- the dosing process begins as soon as the electromagnetic force overcomes the surface forces at the nozzle opening.
- the several reservoirs of the dosing head used according to the invention can be filled with identical or different liquids, so that the same or different liquids can be dispensed simultaneously.
- the dosing heads used according to the invention can be produced using any conventional method.
- the dosing head can be made micromechanically from silicon.
- other known processes such as micro injection molding, hot stamping or processes in which individual layers are glued or laminated, can be used.
- the dosing device according to the invention can either be operated as a dosing device for dispensing a quantity of liquid predefined by the geometric volume of the nozzle channel, or as a device with a smaller but variable volume.
- the driving force acting on the liquid is maintained until the entire amount of liquid contained in the nozzle is expelled through the nozzle opening.
- the metering stops automatically, since no liquid is supplied through the connecting channel due to the disappearing pressure gradient.
- the driving force impressed by the drive device is switched off before the liquid is completely expelled from the nozzle.
- the metered amount of fluid can thus be controlled either by the design, namely by the volume in the nozzle, or by the duration and the course of the driving force applied by the drive unit.
- the metered amount of liquid is essentially independent of the physical properties. th of the liquid, such as viscosity and surface tension.
- the metered volume is influenced by these parameters. It is therefore advisable to carry out a calibration in the latter case in order to achieve an exact dosage, since the dosage of different liquids with different viscosities takes different times.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10102152 | 2001-01-18 | ||
DE10102152A DE10102152C1 (de) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren kleiner Flüssigkeitsmengen |
PCT/EP2002/000186 WO2002057015A2 (de) | 2001-01-18 | 2002-01-10 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dosieren kleiner flüssigkeitsmengen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1351766A2 true EP1351766A2 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
EP1351766B1 EP1351766B1 (de) | 2005-09-07 |
Family
ID=7670982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02702254A Expired - Lifetime EP1351766B1 (de) | 2001-01-18 | 2002-01-10 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dosieren kleiner flüssigkeitsmengen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7396510B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1351766B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE303867T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002235830A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10102152C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002057015A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10257004A1 (de) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-17 | Steag Microparts Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur parallelen Dosierung von Flüssigkeiten |
US20050226771A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-10-13 | Lehto Dennis A | High speed microplate transfer |
US20050233472A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-10-20 | Kao H P | Spotting high density plate using a banded format |
DE102004006452B4 (de) | 2004-02-05 | 2006-04-20 | Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh | Mikrodosiervorrichtung |
DE102004006453B4 (de) * | 2004-02-05 | 2007-03-29 | Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh | Dosiervorrichtung |
US7250260B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2007-07-31 | Applera Corporation | Multi-step bioassays on modular microfluidic application platforms |
DE102006047658B4 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2009-03-19 | Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh | Mikrodosiervorrichtung für ein flüssiges Medium |
DE102007023014A1 (de) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-27 | Kba-Metronic Ag | Verfahren und System zur Dosierung und zum Aufbringen einer Reagenzflüssigkeit |
CN109991035B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-12-24 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 微量取样装置 |
CN111617812B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-12-03 | 北京京东方健康科技有限公司 | 微流控基板及其流体驱动方法、微流控装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4537231A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1985-08-27 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Dispenser apparatus for simultaneously dispensing predetermined equal volumes of liquid including a disposable dispenser module |
JPH04232752A (ja) * | 1990-06-24 | 1992-08-21 | Lexmark Internatl Inc | インクジエツト・プリントヘツド及びインクジエツトのプリント方法 |
DE9011816U1 (de) * | 1990-08-14 | 1990-10-18 | Siemens AG, 8000 München | Tintendruckkopf für Tintendruckeinrichtungen mit einer Rückflußbremse im Tintenversorgungssystem |
US5593290A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-01-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Micro dispensing positive displacement pump |
US5943079A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1999-08-24 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head |
DE19648694C1 (de) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-04-30 | Vermes Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe |
DE19706513C2 (de) * | 1997-02-19 | 1999-06-17 | Hahn Schickard Ges | Mikrodosiervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben |
US5957167A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-09-28 | Pharmacopeia, Inc. | Article for dispensing small volumes of liquid |
DE19802368C1 (de) * | 1998-01-22 | 1999-08-05 | Hahn Schickard Ges | Mikrodosiervorrichtung |
WO1999052625A2 (de) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Institut für Diagnostikforschung GmbH an der Freien Universität Berlin | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur anfertigung von synthese- oder analysereihen |
DE19913076A1 (de) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-10-19 | Hahn Schickard Ges | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Mikrotröpfchen auf ein Substrat |
DE19917029C2 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 2001-08-09 | Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur dosierten Ausgabe von Flüssigkeitsmengen im Bereich von 0,1 nl bis 100 mul |
JP4399072B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-03 | 2010-01-13 | ノードソン株式会社 | 液状物の吐出装置 |
-
2001
- 2001-01-18 DE DE10102152A patent/DE10102152C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-10 US US10/250,607 patent/US7396510B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-10 WO PCT/EP2002/000186 patent/WO2002057015A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-10 AU AU2002235830A patent/AU2002235830A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-10 DE DE50204175T patent/DE50204175D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-10 EP EP02702254A patent/EP1351766B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-10 AT AT02702254T patent/ATE303867T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02057015A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50204175D1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
US20040074557A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
WO2002057015A3 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
US7396510B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 |
AU2002235830A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
ATE303867T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
EP1351766B1 (de) | 2005-09-07 |
WO2002057015A2 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
DE10102152C1 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
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