EP1335177A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur visuellen Simulation explodierender Körper - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur visuellen Simulation explodierender Körper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1335177A1 EP1335177A1 EP03405054A EP03405054A EP1335177A1 EP 1335177 A1 EP1335177 A1 EP 1335177A1 EP 03405054 A EP03405054 A EP 03405054A EP 03405054 A EP03405054 A EP 03405054A EP 1335177 A1 EP1335177 A1 EP 1335177A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- heat
- heat accumulator
- order
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A33/00—Adaptations for training; Gun simulators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for visual simulation of exploding bodies according to Preamble of Claim 1. Furthermore, the Invention on a device for performing the Procedure according to the preamble of the first Apparatus claim.
- the training troops with their simulation weapons vehicles e.g. Tanks, fight. So that the shooter, the vehicle crew and everyone else Participants learn that the vehicle has been hit a signature mounted on the vehicle, e.g. in form of Smoke, triggered.
- a different colored smoke is often used to match different types of hits, e.g. one Mine hits.
- Burn pyrotechnic mass This is a mass used, which burns and thereby a tight as possible Smoke developed. The ignition usually takes place over electric squibs.
- Another known method is the ejection of fine inert powder.
- a mug over one pyrotechnic propellant very fine inert powder filled. If the propellant is ignited, the powder becomes ejected explosively and there is a visible Powder cloud.
- ignition an explosive gas mixture, e.g. nebulized oil is added. This is done in a controlled volume an ignitable gas mixture, e.g. Butane / air produced. to Smoke generation is added to the mixture e.g. nebulized oil added. With an electrical spark, the mixture can be ignited. With explosive combustion burns the oil and creates a visible smoke.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a Procedure to indicate that a signature is reduced the danger to exercise participants. Another The task is to avoid a signature to produce pyrotechnic agents.
- the signature is evaporated by a Creates liquid, the vapor when spraying one forms clearly visible fog and thus the (simulated) Explosion site marked.
- the liquid (fluid) exists mostly from water. The others are preferred Components selected so that the fluid is not toxic.
- the device for the evaporation essentially consists from a heat store of sufficiently high heat capacity, that after heating up to a given one Operating temperature can provide the heat that to evaporate a sufficiently large amount of fluid, to generate the signature of an explosion site.
- the heat accumulator must not be below a temperature cool down, which still allows evaporation.
- the Heat storage is encased in thermal insulation, so that a relatively low continuous heating output is required to keep it at operating temperature.
- Gas is preferably used as the energy source for the heating can be stored in liquefied form, and the combustion for heat generation is more preferably flameless, e.g. in a catalytic burner.
- Essentially liquid is used to generate smoke, preferably a water-glycol mixture (fluid) evaporates.
- fluid water-glycol mixture
- This Process is known and has long been used in theater, Film and discotheques used.
- the fluid and the The steam generated is not toxic and may be harmless can even be used in closed rooms.
- the amount of steam can be varied over a wide range because with appropriate execution (constant energy supply) that Evaporation is controllable. In this case it is Steam quantity only from the available one Fluid quantity dependent.
- the steam level can be varied by varying the vapor pressure. Noise except for that Hissing of the steam and the noise of the pump are not generated.
- the steam is very strong when leaving the evaporator hot (approx. 200 ° C). Because he is very much in the air cools quickly (a few centimeters after the nozzle), is condensed and thus becomes visible Safety distance to the nozzle is very small (only a few Centimeter). By applying suitable protection such a signature body with no requirement regarding Safety distance operated.
- the known evaporators are constructed as follows: On Storage containers (usually made of plastic) for the fluid; a Pump that pumps the fluid into the evaporator; and the Evaporator.
- On Storage containers usually made of plastic
- a Pump that pumps the fluid into the evaporator
- the Evaporator As for the evaporation of the liquid, which is used for The main thing is pure water, a lot of energy is needed and such a device on the normally secured Network should be operated (Switzerland: 230 V / 10 A), the amount of energy required for this is previously thermally in a solid metal body, the evaporator, which is mostly made of an aluminum alloy, temporarily stored.
- One on the evaporator attached temperature sensor controls the heating so that heating at a temperature of typically 220 ° C is turned off.
- the heating is switched on again. It takes time to heat up typically between 3 to 12 minutes. As a rule, it is not possible to continuously steam with such devices generate because too little energy is supplied. Much more If steam generation is only possible for a few 10 seconds, then the stored energy is used up.
- evaporators usually with insulating materials thermally insulated. The evaporator is hollow on the inside. To the The cavity is usually to enlarge the surface spirally formed. On one side of the The fluid pump is connected to the evaporator others the steam nozzle. The fluid is evaporated into the pumped hot evaporator. The fluid draws from that Vaporizer heat and evaporate. The steam escapes under Pressure through the steam nozzle.
- a battery-powered heat storage is out of the question because even with very good thermal insulation amount of energy needed to maintain the temperature Too long for the desired autonomy of 7 days is. Rather, the heating of the heat storage must an energy source that is very high Has energy density.
- butane, propane, or a mixture of butane and Propane gas used. Furthermore, the gas becomes catalytic, i.e. burned flameless. This prevents that unwanted substances that are on the heat storage could ignite (leaves, grass).
- the heat storage is also the evaporator. The mass is measured that it, heated to the operating temperature of approx. 220 ° C, approx. 1 ml / sec of the fluid during max. Evaporate for 5 seconds can, cooling down to approx. 200 ° C.
- the evaporator is in the exemplary embodiment executed in two parts.
- the round insert is one spiral groove 2 cut, both the beginning as the end of the groove over the entire circumference by approx. groove width is cut free 6, 11.
- the insert 1 is in that Pressed in outer part 3, the dimensions are selected so that the areas between the groove between insert 1 and Outer part 4 are tight and that in particular the use is tight against the outer part on the nozzle side. This will there a suitable sealant, e.g. an O-ring 5, used.
- the free cut 6 is on the nozzle side Spiral groove through a transverse bore 7 with the nozzle bore 8 connected.
- a nozzle 9 is in the nozzle bore screwed.
- a hole 10 (feed hole) in the outer part at height of the cut 11 of the spiral groove.
- the fluid is pumped out of the bore with a pump 12 Reservoir 13 pumped into the evaporator. Is the Evaporator to operating temperature, the fluid evaporates immediately and leaves the evaporator in vapor form through the Jet.
- check valve 14 screwed in.
- the gas is from a gas tank 16 via an electrical Valve 17 fed to the gas burner. The gas is ignited with an electric spark that with a small one High voltage generator 19 generated in a spark gap 18 becomes.
- the whole evaporator is the whole evaporator, except on the side of the burner, with a thermally insulating Fabric 20, e.g. Rock wool, covered. About the rock wool is a housing 21 made of e.g. stainless Stainless steel turned over (stainless steel is a bad one Heat conductor).
- the whole facility comes with one Microprocessor 22 controlled. In order to operate one To ensure immediate use, the Microprocessor 22 the temperature of the evaporator so that it is always in the range of approx. 200 to 220 ° C. To do this he with the temperature sensor 24, the temperature of Evaporator and opens and closes the electrical Gas valve 17. If necessary, it ignites the gas using the High voltage generator 19 and the spark gap 18th
- the electrical energy for this is from an accumulator 23 taken. If the microprocessor 22 is e.g. about a connected radio module triggered a steam cloud generate, he starts the pump 12. The fluid arrives from the storage container into the hot evaporator, where it evaporates instantaneously and through the steam nozzle 9 is expelled.
- the device In addition to the essentials for the function In terms of facilities, the device still has the usual precautions against unauthorized operating conditions such as pressure relief valve, Gas cut-off in case of overheating, protection against intrusion of liquid gas if the device is installed at an angle.
- the device can be used as follows:
- the device will be at the predetermined location placed in the field and switched on.
- the microprocessor checks the various sensors (temperature, inclination), whether they are in the permitted range. If so, open it he ignites the gas valve and ignites the gas. The successful ignition is monitored with the corresponding sensor. With the on known 2-point control, the temperature of the Evaporator always kept between approx. 200 and 220 ° C. If the microprocessor receives e.g. the command over the radio, a To generate a cloud of steam, he starts the pump. In one the higher-level program section will be all security elements measured continuously and if necessary reacted immediately in the Usually with the gas valve closed and the pump switched off.
- the device If the device is mounted on a vehicle, it must also be used appropriate measures are taken to ensure that no LPG can get into the burner.
- a steam jet nozzle 30 (FIG. 3) can be used.
- the function and execution of Steam jet nozzles are generally known. In this particular Execution is the substance sucked in by the steam jet, which is in a reservoir 27, liquid Food coloring. The strong coloring food coloring it colors the steam. Because food coloring is not is now toxic, the now colored vapor remains non-toxic.
- the reservoir 27 is connected via a line 32 to the Suction part 33 of the nozzle 30 connected.
- the color e.g. electrical valve 26 installed can the coloring can be controlled arbitrarily in order to do so to produce different colored steam.
- the three Primary colors and valves 26 which can be regulated as desired, any color can be created.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Verwendung eines anderen Brennstoffs oder allgemein Energieträgers, insbesondere eines anderen Gases oder auch eines flüssigen oder festen Brennstoffs.
- Insbesondere auf Fahrzeugen kann das Aufheizen durch den Energieträger hoher Energiedichte erfolgen, das Halten im Bereitschaftszustand, also der Ausgleich der Wärmeverluste, durch eine elektrische Heizung, die an das elektrische Netz, insbesondere des Fahrzeugs, angeschlossen ist. In der Regel ist eine Verbindung zum elektrischen System auch aus dem Grund vorgesehen, dass das Fahrzeug nach einem Treffer zwangsweise stillgelegt wird.
- Für Bedingungen mit eingeschränkter Sicht, insbesondere bei Nacht, kann eine zusätzliche Einrichtung vorhanden sein, um die Sichtbarkeit zu erhöhen, z.B. eine Einrichtung zur Beleuchtung oder zur Erzeugung eines Lichtblitzes.
- Die unterbrechungsfreie Bereitschaftszeit kann anders gewählt sein, insbesondere durch Anpassung des Energievorrats und/oder die Art des Energieträgers. Sie kann länger, aber auch kürzer, z.B. 3 Tage sein. Eine vernünftige untere Grenze kann bei einem Tag angenommen werden.
Claims (16)
- Verfahren zur visuellen Simulation explodierender Körper, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Flüssigkeit, insbesondere eine überwiegend aus Wasser bestehende Flüssigkeit, verdampft wird, um eine Dampfwolke zu bilden, die den simulierten Explosionsort markiert.
- Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verdampfung durch Erhitzen der Flüssigkeit in einem Verdampfer erfolgt, wobei die zur Verdampfung benötigte Wärme für die Simulation der Explosion mindestens eines explodierenden Körpers hauptsächlich in einem Wärmespeicher (1) gespeichert ist, und dass die Flüssigkeit zum Verdampfen in thermischen Kontakt zum Wärmespeicher gebracht wird, um eine geringe Verzögerung zwischen Auslösen der Simulation und Dampferzeugung zu erzielen.
- Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (1) durch Wärmezufuhr auf einer vorgegebenen Betriebstemperatur gehalten wird, um die für die Verdampfung nötige Temperatur und Wärmemenge bereit zu halten, und der Wärmespeicher (1) mit einer thermischen Isolation (20) versehen ist, um die Wärmeabgabe an die Umgebung wesentlich zu verringern.
- Verfahren gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flüssigkeit Wasser und optional weitere Komponenten enthält, die gesundheitlich und/oder umwelttechnisch höchstens ein geringes und bevorzugt kein Risiko darstellen.
- Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Komponente, bevorzugt die einzige weitere Komponente, der Flüssigkeit Ethylenglykol ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 mit einem Verdampfer für die zu verdampfende Flüssigkeit, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verdampfer mit einem Wärmespeicher (1) und einer Heizeinrichtung (15) in thermischer Verbindung mit dem Wärmespeicher (1) ausgestattet ist, wobei vom Wärmespeicher (1) im Wesentlichen die Wärmemenge abgebbar ist, um genügend Flüssigkeit für die Simulation mindestens eines Ereignisses zu verdampfen, und wobei der Wärmespeicher durch eine Umhüllung aus thermisch isolierendem Material (20) umgeben ist, um die Heizleistung zur Aufrechterhaltung des Bereitschaftszustandes, in dem der Wärmespeicher die Verdampfungswärme abgeben kann, wesentlich zu verringern.
- Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von dem Energieträger, der für den Betrieb der Heizeinrichtung (15) benötigt wird, ein Vorrat vorhanden ist, der einen Bereitschaftszustand über mindestens einen Tag, bevorzugt mindestens drei Tage und insbesondere mindestens sieben Tage aufrecht zu erhalten gestattet.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizeinrichtung (15) für das Verbrennen eines Gases ausgelegt ist, das in verflüssigter Form in einem Vorratsbehälter (16) in der Vorrichtung lagerbar ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizeinrichtung (15) eine Einrichtung zum flammenlosen Verbrennen eines Brennstoffes, bevorzugt durch katalytische Verbrennung, ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (1) im Wesentlichen aus Metall besteht und in seiner Oberfläche mindestens eine kanalförmige Nut (2) mit einer Länge vorhanden ist, dass Flüssigkeit durch Hindurchleiten durch die Nut verdampfbar ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Ausgang des Verdampfers eine Dampfstrahldüse (30) angeordnet ist, deren Ansaugteil mit mindestens einem Farbvorratsbehälter (27) verbunden ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Leitung für den Energieträger vom Vorratsbehälter (16) zur Heizeinrichtung (15) ein Verschlussmittel (17) angeordnet ist, das von einer Steuerung (22), die in Wirkverbindung mit Fühlmitteln steht, die für die Bestimmung der Richtung der Gewichtskraft ausgelegt sind, die auf das verflüssigte Gas wirken, wenigstens dann verschliessbar ist, wenn eine zu starke Abweichung der Richtung der Gewichtskraft von einer vorgegebenen Richtung auftritt, um das Eindringen verflüssigten Gases in die Heizeinrichtung zu vermeiden.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuerung (22) vorhanden ist, die aus der Ferne, insbesondere durch Funk, unter einer Vielzahl gleicher Vorrichtungen auswählbar und aktivierbar ist, um die Vorrichtung zur Simulation einer Explosion ansteuern zu können.
- Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen einem Vorratsbehälter (16) für die Flüssigkeit und dem Verdampfer eine Pumpe (12) angeordnet ist, die von der Steuerung (22) ein- und ausschaltbar ist, um bei Aktivierung der Vorrichtung durch Einschalten der Pumpe die Simulation erzeugen zu können.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass akustische und/oder optische Signalquellen vorhanden sind, um die Erkennbarkeit der Simulation zu verbessern.
- Verwendung der Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 15 zur Simulation explodierender Geschosse, insbesondere bei Manövern und anderen Gefechtsübungen mit explodierenden Waffenkörpern, im Gelände und/oder auf künstlichen Objekten wie Fahrzeugen, Gebäuden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH2192002 | 2002-02-11 | ||
CH2192002 | 2002-02-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1335177A1 true EP1335177A1 (de) | 2003-08-13 |
EP1335177B1 EP1335177B1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
Family
ID=4451061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405054A Expired - Lifetime EP1335177B1 (de) | 2002-02-11 | 2003-02-04 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur visuellen Simulation explodierender Körper |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6814024B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1335177B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE321988T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003200473B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2418522C (de) |
DE (1) | DE50302804D1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO327300B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8475168B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2013-07-02 | Stuart C. Segall | Personnel casualty simulator |
CN107121022B (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2018-03-23 | 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 | 一种冷焰火喷发设备 |
CN105258576B (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2018-06-15 | 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 | 用于冷焰火喷发设备的送料装置及冷焰火喷发设备 |
CN105423827A (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-23 | 陈江波 | 喷发冷焰火的方法 |
CN105241317B (zh) | 2015-11-03 | 2018-01-23 | 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 | 冷焰火喷发设备 |
CN105241318B (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-10-05 | 陈江波 | 冷焰火喷发设备的电子控制装置 |
CN105258575A (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 陈江波 | 用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置及冷焰火喷发设备 |
CN105241316B (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-12-19 | 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 | 用于冷焰火喷发设备的冷焰火激发装置及冷焰火喷发设备 |
EP3319056B1 (de) | 2016-11-04 | 2020-01-29 | Verisure Sàrl | Raucherzeuger mit deflektor |
CN109696087B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-12-01 | 湖南尚花科技有限公司 | 一种舞台喷发瀑布机 |
CN109341433B (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2021-05-25 | 大庆思特传媒科技有限公司 | 烟花模拟装置 |
CN113154954A (zh) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 长沙市斯帕克电子科技有限公司 | 冷焰火设备 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2408429A (en) * | 1942-05-06 | 1946-10-01 | Alonzo C Patterson | Smoke screen composition and the method of developing smoke screens therefrom |
US5803359A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1998-09-08 | Jaico | Device for generating a fog |
EP1174676A2 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-01-23 | RUAG Electronics | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur visuellen simulation Explodierender Körper |
DE10126272A1 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-12 | Pyroglobe Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung eines Fluids, insbesondere eines Nebel- oder Löschfluids |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL282176A (de) | 1961-02-27 | |||
US3407827A (en) * | 1963-09-20 | 1968-10-29 | John L. Follett | Automatic shut-off valve |
US4764660A (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1988-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Electric smoke generator |
US4974431A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1990-12-04 | Interface, Inc. | Device for treating materials with steam |
US5211339A (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1993-05-18 | Milliken Research Corporation | Apparatus for dispersing and directing dye onto a substrate |
US5114140A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-05-19 | Universal City Studios, Inc. | Explosion simulator |
WO1992019344A1 (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-11-12 | Le Maitre Fireworks Ltd. | Smoke making apparatus |
US5549130A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-08-27 | Gas Guard West, Inc. | Gas appliance upset shutoff valve |
DE29621810U1 (de) * | 1996-12-16 | 1997-04-24 | Geta Ges Fuer Elektronische An | Nebelgenerator aus massivem Kupfer, Bronze oder Aluminium, zur Absicherung von geschützten Räumen |
US6099316A (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 2000-08-08 | Universal Studios, Inc. | Simulated assault weapon |
-
2003
- 2003-02-04 DE DE50302804T patent/DE50302804D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 EP EP03405054A patent/EP1335177B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 AT AT03405054T patent/ATE321988T1/de active
- 2003-02-05 CA CA002418522A patent/CA2418522C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-05 US US10/359,491 patent/US6814024B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-07 AU AU2003200473A patent/AU2003200473B2/en not_active Expired
- 2003-02-10 NO NO20030653A patent/NO327300B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2408429A (en) * | 1942-05-06 | 1946-10-01 | Alonzo C Patterson | Smoke screen composition and the method of developing smoke screens therefrom |
US5803359A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1998-09-08 | Jaico | Device for generating a fog |
EP1174676A2 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-01-23 | RUAG Electronics | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur visuellen simulation Explodierender Körper |
DE10126272A1 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-12 | Pyroglobe Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung eines Fluids, insbesondere eines Nebel- oder Löschfluids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1335177B1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
CA2418522A1 (en) | 2003-08-11 |
NO20030653L (no) | 2003-08-12 |
NO20030653D0 (no) | 2003-02-10 |
AU2003200473B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
DE50302804D1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
US20030150370A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
NO327300B1 (no) | 2009-06-02 |
ATE321988T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
AU2003200473A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
US6814024B2 (en) | 2004-11-09 |
CA2418522C (en) | 2009-11-03 |
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