Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42D—BLASTING
  • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
  • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
  • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
  • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
  • F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for connecting detonators to an ignition system according to the preamble of the first claim.
• An ignition system consists of a large number of detonators that are connected to a bus line, which in turn is based on a so-called logger.
• a logger is a data reader and storage device in which the relevant data of an igniter can be stored.
• An ignition system can consist of several ignition circuits, which means that there are several loggers to which a bus line with a large number of detonators is connected.
• the loggers are in turn connected to an ignition device or a trigger device, a so-called blaster, from which the detonators can be fired in a predetermined chronological order based on an ignition command.
• the bus lines emanating from the loggers can also be used to supply power to the detonators, in particular to charge the ignition capacitors. Ignition systems of this type are used, for example, in the surface mining of mineral resources, ores or coal, or in the stone and earth industry.
• detonators which have an identification code.
• This can consist, for example, of an identification number or a barcode, which is applied externally to the detonator and can be read.
• the identification code can also be stored in the electronics of the detonator. If this identification code is stored in the logger, the detonator can be addressed with the programming and storage electronics of the logger if a function, for example a delay time, is to be stored in the detonator.
• the detonators After laying the bus line from the logger, the detonators are connected with their ignition line to the bus line of the logger assigned to them. be logged. If several loggers with corresponding bus lines are distributed around the site, the detonators can be logged on to the bus lines simultaneously.
• the connected person the logger, communicates the identification code of the respective detonator to the logger assigned to the detonator, for example by radio.
• the logger can also inform the logger of the geographic coordinates of the borehole into which the fuze is being released.
• the borehole coordinates and the identification code of the fuze can be combined to form a so-called address at which the logger can address the respective fuze individually ,
• the coordinates of the borehole can be determined, for example, using GPS (Global Positioning System) or using DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System).
• the detonators are logged on to the bus line, particularly in the opencast mines, under conditions that initially cannot be visibly damaged, in particular on the insulation of the detonators and the ignition lines. Such damage can lead to shunts, especially shunt from igniter to igniter. If these shunts occur between detonators that are connected to different bus lines at the same time, errors in data transmission can occur, for example, through loss or falsification of the signals to be transmitted or through the penetration of signals from a third-party detonator.
• the object of the present invention is to present a method with which the disturbances and errors described can be avoided.
• Each of the loggers carries a transceiver, a log data transmitter, which has its own identification code and the Transmission of the identification codes and the data of the geographic coordinates of the detonators to the logger assigned to it.
• These transmitters and receivers are designed for bidirectional contact with both the logger assigned to them and the log-on manager.
• the log-on manager is in bidirectional contact with all loggers and with all log data transmitters who carry the loggers. The contact can be made via lines or via radio.
• an igniter is to be logged on to the bus line of a logger by a logger.
• the logger who wants to connect the detonator reports with his log data transmitter to the log-on manager, who recognizes him by the identification code and can thus assign the associated logger.
• the logon can take place, for example, by transmitting a signal with the identification code to the logon manager, for example mitteis Funk, by pressing a button.
• the log-on manager acknowledges the registration with a signal to the log data transmitter. If no other detonator is connected at the moment, an enable signal is sent to log on the detonator. Otherwise there is a message that data transmission is not possible. This advantageously prevents the above-mentioned error possibilities from falsifying the signals to be transmitted.
• the signals can be communicated to the logger optically, acoustically or mechanically, for example by vibrations, by the log data transmitter.
• the logger assigned to the logger is switched to reception by the log-on manager so that the corresponding data can be read in by the detonator to be connected.
• the logger can only address the logger if he knows his identification code. It is thus possible for the log-on manager to contact the responsible logger directly when a logger is reported, so that the logger can receive the signals from the log data transmitter assigned to the logger or the data from an igniter that reports itself when logging on to the bus line.
• BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE If the logger has received confirmation from the logon manager that the detonator can be connected to the bus line, he carries out this connection and acknowledges the logon by transmitting the identification code and possibly the position of the connected detonator when it is determined for example by using the GPS or the DGPS.
• the logger If the logger now recognizes that the transmitted data is incomplete or incorrect due to the above-mentioned error possibilities, it can report the error immediately and, for example, make it visible to the logger on a display. This enables faulty igniters or a faulty connection to be recognized immediately.
• two or more loggers can avoid the logon manager at the same time.
• the log-on manager only allows one log-on during a period of time, so that only one log-on is offered the option of connecting a detonator and only the data of one detonator is transferred to the logger assigned to it.
• the other loggers are informed by a signal that they are in a waiting position, so to speak, and the release is only given when the logging process of a detonator is completed.
• a waiting loop can be provided in the log-on manager, in which the respective log-ons are arranged in chronological order according to the order of the incoming message and the waiting position is displayed to them if necessary.
• the logger acknowledges this to the log data transmitter with an acknowledgment signal.
• the logger can then inform the logon manager of the successful logon of the detonator by means of a signal.
• the logger's acknowledgment signal can also go directly to the log-on manager and only serve as an indication of successful log-on on the log data transmitter.
• the log-on manager can then enable the next logon on hold to log on to the next detonator.
• the logger who is currently connecting of a detonator successfully knows that he can register the connection of the subsequent detonator.
• Log-on management can also be carried out if the detonator automatically reports to the logger when it is connected to the bus line. In this case, the logger must first draw the attention of the logon manager to the fact that he intends to log on a detonator. The log-on manager then checks whether the log-on process of a detonator is already running at the same time. If this is the case, the logger on whose bus line an igniter is to be logged on is blocked from receiving data until the logon process of a previous igniter on another logger has been completed.
• either the logger can inform the logon manager that the logon was successful or the signal goes directly to the logon manager.
• the log-on manager then sends an enable signal to the logger on whose bus line the igniter is to be logged on. If the detonator is then connected to the bus line, it automatically sends its identification code to its logger, which acknowledges the connection when the signals are received correctly and stores the identification code, possibly with the geographical coordinates of the detonator, as an address.
• the method according to the invention provides the highest possible security when logging on detonators in an ignition system with multiple ignition circuits and thus multiple loggers.
• the log-on manager is also suitable for coordinating the transmission of the delay times from the blaster via the logger to the individual detonators. Since this data transmission can also be hindered and disrupted by the damage to the detonators or ignition lines described above, it is advantageous if each detonator is addressed individually. In this case, the logger and the blaster must have an address so that they can be addressed by the log-on manager. The log-on manager then only allows the data transfer from the blaster to the logger and from there only to the detonators, which should also be addressed and blocks the other loggers.
• the blaster can report the end of the data transmission by means of a signal to the log-on manager.
• the respective logger can also report to the log-on manager that the delay time data has been received by the detonators and that the programming of the individual detonators has been completed. Based on these signals, the log-on manager can switch off the previous logger and switch the subsequent logger on.
• the method according to the invention ensures that the signal transmission of a detonator or logger is not disturbed by the signal transmission of another detonator or logger during signal transmission after connecting the detonators and when the delay times are subsequently programmed, and that errors in the transmission are immediately recognized and the respective one Transmitter or receiver, the detonator or the logger can be assigned.
• the present illustration shows an ignition system 1 with four separate ignition circuits 2 to 5.
• Each of the ignition circuits 2 to 5 consists of a bus line 6 to 9, each of which originates from a logger 10 to 13 and on which the igniter 14 with its ignition line 15 in the Connection point 16 connected, that is, logged on.
• one person on loggers 17 to 20 is busy logging detonators on the respective bus lines 6 to 9.
• the logger 17 is in the process of logging on an igniter 14 with its ignition line 15 at a connection point 16 to the bus line 6 of the ignition circuit 2.
• the logger 20 also wants to proceed at the same time.
• Each of the loggers 17 to 20 has a transmitting and receiving device, a log data transmitter 21, which has its own identification code. These log data transmitters 21 are suitable for bidirectional contact both with the respective loggers 10 to 13 and with the log-on manager 22.
• the detonators 14 are connected at the same time by the logger 17 and the logger 20 if the detonators are shunted, the data transmission would be endangered.
• both the logger 17 and the logger 20 have logged on to the log-on manager 22 via their log data transmitters 21, specifying the respective identification code.
• the log-on manager 22 can assign the log-ons to the respective loggers on the basis of the identification codes of the respective log data transmitters 21. So the logger 17 is the logger 10 and the logger
• the logger 17, as symbolized by the radio contact 23, has reported in front of the logger 20 to the log-on manager 22, whose radio contact is symbolized by the dashed line 24, so that the log-on manager 22 uses the radio contact 25 indicated Turns on the logger 10 and allows the logger 17 to connect an igniter 14 in front of the logger 20.
• the log-on manager 22 After the log-on manager 22 has given the log-on 17 permission to log on the igniter 14 at the connection point 16, the latter transmits, in the present case by means of the log data transmitter 21, also by radio, the identification code of the igniter 14 and, if appropriate, the position of the borehole to the logger 10. This data transmission is symbolized by the radio contact 26. If the data of the detonator is transmitted to the logger 10, the latter reports the correct reception of the data to the log data transmitter via the indicated radio link 26
• the detectors are programmed with regard to their time delay from the igniter or the triggering device, the so-called blaster 27.
• This can be connected to the respective ones via lines 28 to 31 Loggers 10 to 13 connected.
• there may also be a radio connection between the blaster 27 and the respective loggers.
• the log-on Manager 22 is equipped to switch the loggers 10 to 13 on and off separately if, for example, the delay times are to be stored in the detonators 14 by the blaster 27 in the respective ignition circuits 2 to 5.
• the blaster 27 first sends a message to the log-on manager 22, which the logger 10 to 13 of the ignition circuits 2 to 5 is to respond to.
• the log-on manager 22 has connected to the logger 10 via the radio contact 34 indicated here and has switched it on to receive the data from the blaster 27, while the subsequent loggers 11 to 13 are switched in this way via the other radio contacts 35 that they cannot receive the data intended only for the logger 10. Only after transmission of the data intended for the ignition circuit 2 does a switch to the subsequent logger take place and the previous logger, which has already received the data, is blocked, and the logger lock, to which this data is also not addressed, is retained are.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
• Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
• Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (2)

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• 2001
  • 2001-09-27 DE DE10147726A patent/DE10147726A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-09-28 AU AU1398002A patent/AU1398002A/xx active Pending
  • 2001-09-28 DE DE50112840T patent/DE50112840D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-09-28 AT AT01982381T patent/ATE369540T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-09-28 CA CA002423936A patent/CA2423936C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-09-28 EP EP01982381A patent/EP1325282B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-09-28 ES ES01982381T patent/ES2291364T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-09-28 AU AU2002213980A patent/AU2002213980B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2001-09-28 WO PCT/EP2001/011275 patent/WO2002031431A1/fr active IP Right Grant
• 2003
  • 2003-04-09 ZA ZA2003/02767A patent/ZA200302767B/en unknown

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