Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
  • C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
  • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
  • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
  • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
  • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D2003/0001—Positioning the charge
  • F27D2003/0006—Particulate materials
  • F27D2003/0007—Circular distribution

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device and a method for distributing a lumpy bulk material, in particular at least partially pre-reduced iron ore, over an extensive area, in particular on a fixed bed, this area being in a reactor or container of physical or chemical process engineering, in particular in a reactor a metallurgical plant for the production of pig iron or intermediate steel products, and the lumpy bulk material is charged via at least one charging device, which has at least two, in particular rotationally symmetrical, falling legs, which are preferably arranged at the same distance from the longitudinal axis of the reactor.
• the invention further relates to novel spreading devices.
• US-A-4497609 describes a device by means of which a bulk material flow can be continuously charged into a shaft furnace. For this purpose, bulk goods are charged to the periphery of the shaft furnace via several fall legs.
• the object is achieved according to the invention in accordance with the method according to the characterizing part of claim 1 and according to the device according to the characterizing part of claim 4. It is a further object of the invention to develop easily applicable spreading devices according to the preamble of claim 12 or 13. This object is achieved by appropriate spreading devices according to claim 12 or 13.
• the present invention proves to be particularly advantageous particularly when used in a melter gasifier and is documented in this regard in the most detailed manner.
• the application of the invention is not limited to this embodiment; rather, the description of the processes in a melter gasifier is an exemplary explanation.
• the applications of the invention in other metallurgical units, in particular in a shaft furnace, are further specific embodiments of the invention.
• a melter gasifier represents an assembly for the production of pig iron or steel intermediate products, as is well known in the prior art.
• the melter gasifier as described in the prior art, is used to melt a largely pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) and to generate reducing gas from reducing gas carriers, preferably lump coal.
• DRI largely pre-reduced iron ore
• the coal and the DRI are mostly introduced via the dome of the melting gasifier into the same, whereby it has proven to be advantageous to introduce the coal centrally.
• the DRI is therefore introduced into the melter gasifier via one or more decentrally located openings on the gasifier dome.
• the lumpy bulk material is charged via at least one charging device, which has at least two, in particular rotationally symmetrical, drop legs, which are preferably arranged at the same distance from the longitudinal axis of the reactor, at least a portion of the bulk material, is distributed on a spreading device in the radial and / or tangential direction, as seen from above.
• the bulk material is at least partially distributed on the spreading device within the fall leg.
• the stray fields of adjacent down pipes overlap at least partially before reaching the fixed bed.
• the entire scatter pattern of all downpipes - seen from above - essentially forms a concentric ring.
• the invention is further characterized by a device according to the invention for distributing a lumpy bulk material, in particular sponge iron, from a bulk material stream onto an extensive area, in particular onto a fixed bed, this area being located in a reactor of physical or chemical process engineering, in particular in a reactor Metallurgical plant for the production of pig iron or steel intermediate products, preferably in a melter gasifier, and wherein the lumpy bulk material is charged via a charging device, which has at least two, preferably rotationally symmetrical, drop legs, and the charging device furthermore has at least one additional spreading device for spreading the bulk material, by means of which at least a portion of the bulk material can be distributed in the radial and / or tangential direction, as seen from above.
• a charging device which has at least two, preferably rotationally symmetrical, drop legs, and the charging device furthermore has at least one additional spreading device for spreading the bulk material, by means of which at least a portion of the bulk material can be distributed in the radial and / or tangential direction
• the bulk material As it falls from the fall legs onto the surface, is additionally scattered, or the bulk material flows formed in this way are widened.
• a radial and tangential distribution is particularly suitable for the most uniform possible spreading, however, both radial and tangential distribution, when used individually, also broaden the bulk material flow and, albeit to a limited extent, spread the bulk material.
• the fall legs are arranged at the same distance from the longitudinal axis of the reactor.
• the bulk material is unloaded on the fixed bed at several points along an imaginary circle or circular ring, whereby according to a further preferred embodiment the individual bulk material flows assigned to the fall legs partially overlap. In this way, the failure of one or more fall legs when charging the fixed bed can be compensated.
• the spreading device is rigidly arranged.
• an immobile, that is to say rigid, device is inexpensive and reliable.
• the spreading device is movable, but without a mechanical drive, in particular without any drive.
• the attachment of the spreading device is rigid in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• the spreading device is attached within the fall leg. This ensures that the spreading device is not exposed to the high temperature of the melter gasifier. In particular, the high radiant heat in the gas space must be taken into account, as occurs in a melter gasifier and causes a high load on all internals. By installing it in the fall leg, the spreading device is effectively protected against such thermal or thermo-mechanical stress and achieves a high level of stability.
• the spreading device has a number of knobs which are attached to the inside of the fall leg.
• the material in the downpipe is braked by the knobs and charged in particular along a circular ring at a predetermined distance from a carburetor center onto the fixed bed.
• the wear-resistant knobs are attached in the lower part of the downpipe.
• the spreading device has a chain, preferably a round link chain.
• the chain is a simple and inexpensive alternative to brake the material in the fall leg or inclined tube, and in this way to generate the desired batch along the circular ring.
• the chain is made of temperature-resistant and wear-resistant material.
• the chain has a number of scattering elements, for example nodes, at predetermined, preferably mutually varying, intervals.
• the invention is further characterized by a spreading device according to the invention according to claim 12 or 13.
• the scattering device has a number of chains, on each of which a number of nodes are provided, and adjacent nodes are attached at distances that are preferably different from one another.
• the bulk material is braked and scattered by the spreading device according to the invention, thus broadening the resulting bulk material stream that strikes the fixed bed.
• a device is provided through which the bulk material is guided and scattered, this device having a fall leg and a number of knobs attached to the inside of the fall leg.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically the DRI distribution in a melter
• Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device for combined line and scatter
• Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a spreading device
• the DRI distribution in a melter is schematically outlined.
• the melter gasifier has feeds for coal 1, for DRI 6, for dust 2, for oxygen 3, as well as a slag and pig iron rack 4 and a gas discharge line 5 for discharging the reducing gas. Both the coal and the DRI are continuously introduced into the melter.
• the feed 6 of the DRI has six openings in the carburettor dome which are arranged at equidistant distances from the coal introduction and are arranged along the longitudinal axis and which are equipped with fall legs or inclined down pipes. Representative, for the sake of clarity, a single feed 6 for DRI is shown in FIG. 1.
• the DRI is guided through 6 fall legs, which are each fastened in the corresponding opening on the carburetor dome, with each fall leg having knobs on its inner surface, which serve to scatter the DRI.
• the DRI is distributed along an imaginary circle or annulus on the bed of the melter, with no DRI being charged into the center.
• the distribution of the DRI is shown schematically in FIG. 1, the DRI distribution 7 on the fixed bed being schematically outlined. Accordingly, the scattering of the DRI in the fall legs increases the scattering radius of the DRI on the fixed bed compared to the prior art, the individual pouring surfaces partially overlapping.
• the scattering according to the invention results in a uniform distribution and, in particular, better mixing of the DRI with the coal introduced.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a device according to the invention for guiding and scattering the DRI. It is a fall leg 8, on the inner surface of which a plurality of knobs 9 are attached. If the DRI is guided through this fall leg, it is deflected and braked by the knobs.
• All parts of the device presented here must be adapted to the environmental conditions in their respective field of application. When used in a melter gasifier, high-temperature, wear-resistant materials are predominantly used. In addition, fire-resistant lining of those parts that are exposed to particularly high temperatures can be considered. Such parts of the device shown here, which experience has shown that they are exposed to a particular wear-related load, are additionally protected by armouring, for example by welding.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a spreading device, as is used, for example, in a melter gasifier for introducing the DRI onto the fixed bed.
• One or more chains 13 are attached in a fall leg 10 via a suitable fastening 11 in a protective tube 12.
• the chains have several nodes.
• the distances between the nodes preferably vary.
• the bulk material, which is introduced into the fall leg 10 via a feed line 14, is braked by the chains or the knots of the chains and subjected to scattering.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
• Chutes (AREA)
• Discharge Of Articles From Conveyors (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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