EP1312136A1 - Verkürzter schleifen-dipol und schleifen-monopol - Google Patents
Verkürzter schleifen-dipol und schleifen-monopolInfo
- Publication number
- EP1312136A1 EP1312136A1 EP00979586A EP00979586A EP1312136A1 EP 1312136 A1 EP1312136 A1 EP 1312136A1 EP 00979586 A EP00979586 A EP 00979586A EP 00979586 A EP00979586 A EP 00979586A EP 1312136 A1 EP1312136 A1 EP 1312136A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dipole
- arrangement according
- monopole
- line piece
- lambda
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
- H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
Definitions
- the invention relates to a loop dipole (folded dipole) or loop monopole.
- a loop or folding dipole consists of two closely adjacent lambda / 2 dipoles, which are connected at the ends, of which only one is fed. The same direction of current occurs on the dipoles. Both dipoles support each other in their effect.
- the input impedance can be influenced by different thicknesses of the two dipoles via transformer effects.
- a so-called loop monopoly works according to the same physical principle, which can be understood as a half loop dipole on a conductive level and consists of two lambda / 4 long dipoles, which in turn are arranged closely adjacent and connected to one another at the upper end.
- Such loop dipoles or loop monopoles at the conductive level are used as transmit and receive antennas in the short and ultra-shortwave range in various embodiments.
- radio operation is also carried out in the so-called cut-off wave range.
- the lowest usable frequency is around 1.5 MHz, which corresponds to a wavelength of almost 200 meters.
- a common lambda / 2 antenna would therefore have a length of about 100 meters, the realization of which as a horizontal or vertical antenna means considerable mechanical effort. It is known to mechanically shorten such antennas in relation to their desired length and to compensate for the associated disadvantage in terms of efficiency by means of suitable measures such as roof capacities and / or series inductances. These known solutions also require considerable effort, particularly in the case of an antenna in multi-band operation.
- a loop dipole or loop monopoly according to the invention can be extremely shortened, for example to only 5 to 6% of the operating wavelength at the lowest operating frequency, so that the mechanical length of a loop dipole for an operating frequency of 1.5 MHz is only a mechanical length of 10 to 12 meters , Nevertheless, the radiation resistance is still sufficiently large and greater than 10 ohms.
- Such a loop dipole according to the invention thus has almost the same properties as a conventional lambda / 2 dipole.
- the efficiency of the radiating antenna part of an antenna according to the invention without loss of adaptation elements and earth losses is more than 50% at 1.8 MHz and more than 80% at 3.6 MHz, that is to say also in this respect the same properties as with a lambda / 2-dipole can be achieved.
- the loop dipole or loop monopoly according to the invention can be constructed very simply and inexpensively, since only a non-radiating line section of appropriate length is attached to the ends. Geometrically complicated roof capacities in the form of strained wires or complicated shortening coils in the dipole are avoided.
- the use of a non-radiating line section to compensate for the shortening of the radiator is also particularly advantageous because of the low losses of such power sections.
- the arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for the construction of multi-band antennas that can be easily switched in frequency.
- a vertical dipole according to the invention can also because of its short length generate a flat radiation at relatively low frequencies.
- the field strength of the antenna in the near field is relatively low, so that the strict regulations for the operation of such transmitter antennas can be easily met.
- the principle according to the invention can be applied to all customary known forms of loop dipoles and loop monopoles, both with radiating simple dipoles and with reflectors or directors of more complex antenna arrangements, as well as with logarithmic-periodic antennas which are constructed with such loop dipoles or loop monopolies.
- Existing antennas can also be supplemented or converted with little effort according to the principle of the invention. Since the switching devices assigned to the non-radiating line sections can be operated remotely in a simple manner, an antenna consisting of several loop dipoles can be tuned not only to optimal radiation resistance, but also to optimal reflection factor or directional factor.
- Figure 1 shows schematically a loop dipole according to the invention, which is operated as a horizontal radiator. It consists of two parallel dipole radiators 1 and 2, which are greatly shortened compared to the desired length lambda / 2, which are arranged next to one another in parallel at a small distance from small lambda / 20 and of which only one dipole radiator 1 is fed in the middle.
- a non-radiating line section is switched on, either in the form of a Parallel wire air line 3, as shown for the right dipole end, or in the form of an unbalanced coaxial cable 4, as shown at the left end of the dipole.
- the length Lx of this non-radiating line section 3 or 4 is selected such that, taking into account the shortening factor associated with the line section (depending on the dielectric of line 3 or the coaxial cable 4), the loop dipole as a whole again reaches its desired length of lambda / 2.
- This non-radiating line section at the ends of the greatly shortened dipole radiators 1, 2 significantly increases the radiation resistance compared to the unexpanded dipole, thus avoiding the unfavorable loop antenna effect, so that despite the shortening of the radiating antenna part, the efficiency is almost the same as that of a lambda / 2 dipole is achieved and this with a problem-free radiation resistance in the order of magnitude of the impedance of the source or the consumer.
- loop monopoles consist of two parallel monopoles 5 and 6 which are greatly shortened compared to the desired length of lambda / 4 and are arranged on a conductive plane 7. They represent one half of a loop dipole that is mirrored at the conductive level 7.
- the monopole radiators 5, 6 are greatly shortened with respect to the wavelength and are lengthened electrically by a non-radiating line piece 8 connected at the upper ends, as is again indicated in FIG. 2 by a coaxial cable.
- the non-radiating line pieces 3, 4 and 8 can be mechanically accommodated in a small housing 30 which is attached to the dipole ends or in the middle of the dipole as shown in FIG. Since with such loop dipoles or loop monopoles one of the radiators is usually designed as a hollow tube anyway for transformer reasons, the additional non-radiating line piece can also be easily accommodated in this hollow tube.
- this extension line is either lambda / 2 or lambda or a multiple of lambda long. The actual switching can thus be carried out, for example, in the central housing 30 while the non-radiating line piece is attached in the hollow tube. In some cases, especially when using air lines, additional shielding of the non-radiating line sections can be advantageous.
- Figure 3 shows a loop dipole according to the invention, which can be switched to several frequency ranges.
- a suitable switching device can be used to switch on non-radiating line sections of different lengths at the ends of the loop dipole.
- this is done by relay changeover switches 10 and 11, which are switched on at predetermined intervals in the non-radiating line section, which in this exemplary embodiment is shown as a two-wire line.
- this line section consists of three line sections of length L1, L2 and L3. If both switches 10 and 11 assume the switching position a shown in FIG. 3, only the line section L1 is connected to the radiating part 1, 2 of the loop dipole, which corresponds to an operating frequency fl.
- the switch 10 assumes the switch position b, the line section L2 is additionally switched in, which corresponds to an operating frequency f2. Finally, when the switch 11 also occupies the other switching position b, the line section L3 is also connected, which corresponds to the lowest operating frequency f3.
- FIG. 4 shows another possibility for such a frequency switchover of the antenna; the relay switches in this exemplary embodiment are filter circuits 13 and 14 replaced, which consist of a series resonance circuit and two parallel resonance circuits and which are matched to the corresponding operating frequencies fl and f2. Automatic multi-band operation of such an antenna is thus possible without switching.
- the arrangement according to FIG. 3 with relay switches is suitable for transmitting antennas of high power with more than 100 watts
- the arrangement according to FIG. 4 with resonant circuits is suitable for medium powers up to 100 watts.
- a combination of mechanical switches and filter circuits can also be advantageous in some applications.
- Tuning can be achieved by the first line piece
- the fed part 1 or 5 of the loop dipole according to FIG. 1 or the loop monopole according to FIG. 2 from several parallel ones Build radiators, which can then be switched using a relay switching matrix so that the transformation ratio can be changed in discrete steps over a wide range and adapted to the source or the consumer. If, for example, 3 such parallel emitters are used, accordingly, the transformation ratio between 1: 4 and 1: 9 to 1:16 can be switched.
- Standard antenna matching devices can be used to adapt a loop dipole according to the invention at the feed point to a feed cable leading to the transmitter or receiver.
- an adapter circuit according to FIG. 5 which consists of two cascade-connected 1: transmitters 20, 21, the tapping of which is in each case via series resonant circuits 22 to 25 with the feed points 26, 27 of the loop dipole are connected.
- the nominal resonance frequency of these series resonance circuits 22 to 25 corresponds in each case to the center of the useful bands to which the loop dipole should be switchable.
- the transformers 20, 21 are connected to the feed cable 29 via a balun 28.
- the impedance of the transformers at the respective taps is selected in accordance with the real part of the radiation resistance, for the first tap which is connected to the dipole via the series resonant circuit 22, this real part is, for example, 12.5 ohms, for the second tap 50 ohms, for the third tap 100 ohms and for the total cascade of the two transmitters 200 ohms.
- the imaginary part of the antenna impedance is compensated for by a slight detuning of the series circuits 22 to 25. In this way, a desired VSWR of less than 2 can be maintained.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10040794 | 2000-08-21 | ||
DE10040794A DE10040794A1 (de) | 2000-08-21 | 2000-08-21 | Schleifen-Dipol bzw. -Monopol |
PCT/EP2000/011402 WO2002017433A1 (de) | 2000-08-21 | 2000-11-16 | Verkürzte schleifen-dipol und schleifen-monopol |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1312136A1 true EP1312136A1 (de) | 2003-05-21 |
EP1312136B1 EP1312136B1 (de) | 2005-02-23 |
Family
ID=7653131
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00979586A Expired - Lifetime EP1312136B1 (de) | 2000-08-21 | 2000-11-16 | Verkürzter schleifen-dipol und schleifen-monopol |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6947007B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1312136B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4719404B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10040794A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002017433A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4871516B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-18 | 2012-02-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | アンテナ装置およびアンテナ装置を用いた無線機 |
JP4711692B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-01 | 2011-06-29 | 富士通株式会社 | メアンダラインアンテナ |
JP4645351B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-18 | 2011-03-09 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 周期構造を有するアンテナ |
JP2007104413A (ja) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-04-19 | Toshiba Tec Corp | 近傍通信用アンテナ装置 |
DE102006034559A1 (de) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-14 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Antennenanordnung und Verfahren zum Empfangen und Senden von Signalen in einem ersten Frequenzbereich und in einem zweiten Frequenzbereich |
US8294631B2 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2012-10-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Antenna with a bent portion |
WO2011024961A1 (ja) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | 株式会社エヌエイチケイアイテック | アンテナ |
JP2012085092A (ja) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-26 | Panasonic Corp | 無線装置 |
US8860617B1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2014-10-14 | Trivec-Avant Corporation | Multiband embedded antenna |
JP6387984B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-09-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL60001C (de) * | 1940-07-20 | |||
US2417793A (en) * | 1944-08-01 | 1947-03-18 | Rca Corp | Antenna |
DE864707C (de) * | 1950-11-28 | 1953-01-26 | Hans Schieren | Ultrakurzwellen-Falt-Dipol-Antenne |
DE1667293U (de) * | 1952-08-25 | 1953-11-19 | Anton Kathrein Fabrik Elektrot | Faltdipol. |
FR2279233A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-02-13 | France Etat | Doublet replie epais raccourci |
US4235271A (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1980-11-25 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire sidewall protector shield assembly |
JPS5614730A (en) * | 1979-07-16 | 1981-02-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Receiver |
JPS6085603A (ja) * | 1983-10-17 | 1985-05-15 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | Uhf及びvhf共用アンテナ |
DE69331989T2 (de) * | 1992-12-07 | 2003-01-16 | Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc., Tokio/Tokyo | Antennenvorrichtung |
US5886669A (en) * | 1995-05-10 | 1999-03-23 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Antenna for use with a portable radio apparatus |
JP3173711B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-01 | 2001-06-04 | 株式会社ヨコオ | 伝送線路型アンテナ及び無線端末 |
JPH10135761A (ja) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-05-22 | Taiyo Musen Kk | ダイポール空中線整合器 |
US6028564A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 2000-02-22 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Wire antenna with optimized impedance for connecting to a circuit |
US6097347A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 2000-08-01 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Wire antenna with stubs to optimize impedance for connecting to a circuit |
US6204824B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-03-20 | Recoton Corporation | Collapsible folded dipole antenna |
-
2000
- 2000-08-21 DE DE10040794A patent/DE10040794A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-16 EP EP00979586A patent/EP1312136B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 WO PCT/EP2000/011402 patent/WO2002017433A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-16 JP JP2002521395A patent/JP4719404B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-16 US US10/362,499 patent/US6947007B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-16 DE DE50009609T patent/DE50009609D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0217433A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002017433A1 (de) | 2002-02-28 |
DE10040794A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
JP4719404B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 |
US6947007B1 (en) | 2005-09-20 |
JP2004507193A (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
EP1312136B1 (de) | 2005-02-23 |
DE50009609D1 (de) | 2005-03-31 |
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