EP1280877A1 - Silikon-entferner - Google Patents
Silikon-entfernerInfo
- Publication number
- EP1280877A1 EP1280877A1 EP01940382A EP01940382A EP1280877A1 EP 1280877 A1 EP1280877 A1 EP 1280877A1 EP 01940382 A EP01940382 A EP 01940382A EP 01940382 A EP01940382 A EP 01940382A EP 1280877 A1 EP1280877 A1 EP 1280877A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- use according
- alkyl
- components
- ethoxylation
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 alkyl phosphate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEFJJXAABZFJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethanamine oxide Chemical compound OCC[NH+]([O-])CCO KEFJJXAABZFJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002257 Plurafac® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYWDPPFYAMFYQQ-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-docos-13-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCN SYWDPPFYAMFYQQ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tetradecanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTHCRRXOPUNKAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN WTHCRRXOPUNKAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BITAPBDLHJQAID-MDZDMXLPSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl-[(e)-octadec-9-enyl]amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO BITAPBDLHJQAID-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEACJMVNYZDSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octyldodecan-1-ol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCC(CO)CCCCCCCC LEACJMVNYZDSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940120146 EDTMP Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910003798 SPO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100478210 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) spo2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000159 acid neutralizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940086555 cyclomethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VPNOHCYAOXWMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN VPNOHCYAOXWMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ONHFWHCMZAJCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N myristamine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] ONHFWHCMZAJCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C11D3/361—Phosphonates, phosphinates or phosphonites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/75—Amino oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/20—Industrial or commercial equipment, e.g. reactors, tubes or engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a surfactant or the use of cleaning solutions, which can be obtained by diluting the surfactant, for removing silicone-containing residues from surfaces.
- silicones are used in industry, in particular in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, biotechnological and food processing industries. These silicones are used, for example, as defoamers, lubricants and lubricants or as skin protection and care components in lotions, creams, sunscreens, make-up and as hair protection in hair shampoo.
- silicones are the use as additives in lacquers and printing inks to improve the wettability on plastics, as an additive to household cleaners and care products also for better wetting or as defoamers in the paper industry.
- Silicones are widely used in industry. A wide variety of silicones are used depending on the area of application. These can be divided into the following groups:
- Linear polysiloxanes Linear polysiloxanes, branched polysiloxanes, cyclic polysiloxanes, cross-linked polymers.
- silicones can be low to highly viscous or solid. Since silicones are contained in a variety of products such as sunscreens, creams, make-up, pharmaceuticals, the systems such as mixers and homogenizers, fermenters, storage tanks, lines and filling machines must be cleaned after production for hygienic reasons. Especially when changing products on a production line, all previous product components must be thoroughly removed by chemical cleaning in order to avoid contamination of the subsequent production batch with remnants of the pre-production.
- Highly alkaline and / or acidic cleaners are usually used for automatic chemical cleaning using CIP systems (cleaning in place) or in pumping or immersion processes. In some cases, cleaning is carried out manually by wiping or with solvents such as benzene, toluene and aliphatic, also chlorinated, hydrocarbons.
- silicones can be removed from the systems with 1% sodium hydroxide solution. Most silicones can only be removed by using 10% or higher sodium hydroxide solution. There are also silicones that cannot be removed with these highly alkaline solutions. In these cases, the silicone must be removed from the systems by manual wiping with a rag or by using solvents.
- the object of the present invention was to search for selected agents, the use of which makes it possible to remove residues containing silicone, without the use of pure solvents or the manual wiping of the soiled surfaces.
- the task was surprisingly achieved by using selected surfactants.
- the present invention thus relates to the use of a surfactant which comprises one or more hydrophilic components selected from a) the group of nonionic surfactants of the general formula (I),
- R ⁇ is a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 8 to 22 C atoms and the average degree of ethoxylation n is between 14 and 40, and / or the general formula (II),
- R 6 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and the average degree of ethoxylation r is 1 to 7, for removing silicone-containing residues from surfaces.
- Alcohols whose ethoxylation provides the nonionic surfactants of the formula I include, in particular, those alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, of natural or synthetic origin, which are also commercially available on an industrial scale, in particular native alcohols from the hydrogenation of carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives of vegetable or animal origin (so-called fatty alcohols).
- the alcohols obtainable from technical alcohol syntheses such as oxo alcohols and Ziegleral alcohols, can also be used.
- the alcohols are in particular primary alcohols with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, in which the alcohol radical may be methyl-branched linearly or preferably in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- the alcohol radical is even narrower in its chain distribution, with ethoxylated tallow alcohol being very particularly preferably used as the nonionic surfactant of the formula I.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
- the nonionic surfactants of the formula II are also referred to as ethoxylated fatty amines.
- the sum of x and y is particularly preferably between 6 and 18 and very particularly preferably between 8 and 14. It is further preferred that the radical R 2 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are addition products of an average of 5 to 25, preferably 6 to 18 and very particularly preferably 8 to 14 moles of ethylene oxide onto caprylamine, caprylylamine, capronylamine, laurylamine, myristylamine, cetylamine, stearylamine, isostearylamine, oleylamine, elaidylamine, petroselinylamine, behenylamine and Erucylamine and mixtures thereof.
- the ethoxylates can have a conventionally broad or a narrow homolog distribution.
- the alkyl sulfates of group b) are the alkali and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of the Cs-C-i ⁇ fatty alcohols. for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 1 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alkyl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical prepared on a petrochemical basis and which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
- C * ⁇ 2 -Ci 6 alkyl sulfates and Ci2-C * ⁇ 5 alkyl sulfates and C ⁇ -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred.
- 2,3-alkyl sulfates which are produced, for example, according to US Pat. Nos. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ® are suitable alkyl sulfates.
- R 4 and R 5 independently of one another for alkyl and / or alkenyl radicals having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms
- anionic surfactants which are usually obtained by reacting optionally ethoxylated alcohols with phosphorus pentoxide.
- Typical examples are industrial mixtures of mono- and dialkyl phosphates based on fatty alcohols with 8 to 22, preferably 10 to 18 and in particular 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Instead of the alcohols, their adducts with the corresponding number of moles of ethylene oxide can also be used.
- the alkyl phosphates are preferably in the form of their sodium salts.
- the phosphoric acid esters are surfactant substances which are preferably derived from long-chain aliphatic or araliphatic alcohols.
- the salts of the phosphoric acid partial esters and here in particular those of alkoxylated alkylphenols have proven to be useful.
- the sodium and potassium salts are preferably used as alkali salts, of which in turn the potassium salts are particularly suitable. are preferred.
- Partially active phosphoric acid esters, such as are preferably used according to the invention, are commercially available.
- An example of an active ingredient of this kind which is particularly useful according to the invention is the product Triton® H 66 (Röhm & Haas).
- the alkyiphenol ethoxylates of group c) preferably have 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and, in a further preferred embodiment, an average degree of ethoxylation of 8 to 12.
- Preferred alkylamine oxides of group d) are trialkylamine oxides with an alkyl group containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms and two alkyl groups with a smaller number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, the two shorter alkyl groups being able to be identical or different, it being very particularly preferred that as alkylamine oxide, tallow fat bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, oleyl bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, coconut bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide and / or alkyldimethylamine amine oxide which has 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain is used.
- Alcohols whose ethoxylation provides the nonionic surfactants of the formula III are, in particular, those alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, of natural or synthetic origin, in particular native alcohols from the hydrogenation, which are also commercially available on an industrial scale of carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives (so-called fatty alcohols).
- the alcohols obtainable from technical alcohol syntheses such as oxo alcohols and Ziegleral alcohols, can also be used.
- the alcohols are, in particular, primary alcohols with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, in which the alcohol radical may be methyl-branched linearly or preferably in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- the alcohol residue is even narrower in its chain distribution.
- the average degree of ethoxylation for the ethoxylated nonionic surfactants of the formula III is between 1 and 7, preferably between 3 and 7, and very particularly preferably about 5.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
- the sum of components a) and b) in the composition to be used according to the invention makes up 0.1 to 33% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 2 up to 15% by weight, and the sum of components c), d) and e) in total 0.1 to 67% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 40% by weight, in particular 2 to 30% by weight, from, where the proportion of individual components can also be 0 and the remainder to 100% by weight is optionally water and / or further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients.
- the weight ratio of (a + b): (c + d + e) in the mixture is between 4: 1 and 1: 8, particularly preferably between 2: 1 and 1: 4 lies.
- the use according to the invention is preferably carried out by separately adding the agents to be used according to the invention during a cleaning process, as it were, as a cleaning booster, or by adding the agents to be used according to the invention to the preparation of cleaning agents.
- the cleaning takes place in an alkaline medium.
- the surfactant to be used according to the invention contains additional components with complex-forming properties and / or solubilizing agents and / or surface-active components.
- the components with complex-forming properties are preferably selected from nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, dicarboxymethyl-L-glutamic acid, serine diacetic acid, imidosuccinic acid, and the group of polycarboxylic acids and phosphonic acids and their salts in each case.
- polycarboxylic acids examples include polyacrylic acids and copolymers of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid, and the sodium salts of these polymer acids.
- Commercial products are e.g. B. Sokalan® CP 5 and PA 30 from BASF, Alcosperse® 175 and 177 from Alco, LMW® 45 N and SPO2 ND from Norsohaas.
- Suitable native polymers include, for example, oxidized starch (e.g. DE 42 28 786) and polyamino acids such as polyglutamic acid or polyaspartic acid, e.g. B. from the companies Cygnus, Bayer, Rohm & Haas, Rhône-Poulenc or SRCHEM.
- Suitable phosphonic acids are 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid or ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid and their alkali metal salts in each case.
- the components with complex-forming properties are particularly preferably selected from nitrilotriacetic acid, polyaspartic acid or polycarboxylic acids, which are preferably due to the polymerization of aspartic acid with other carboxylic acids, and gluconic acid.
- Additional solubilizing agents are preferably selected from the group of anionic surfactants, very particularly preferably from the sulfonates / sulfonic acids and in particular from cumene, xylene, octyl, naphthyl and alkylbenzenesulfonates / sulfonic acids, in the latter case the alkyl group between Contains 6 and 16 carbon atoms, or mixtures of these compounds and / or other compounds which act as solubilizers.
- anionic surfactants very particularly preferably from the sulfonates / sulfonic acids and in particular from cumene, xylene, octyl, naphthyl and alkylbenzenesulfonates / sulfonic acids, in the latter case the alkyl group between Contains 6 and 16 carbon atoms, or mixtures of these compounds and / or other compounds which act as solubilizers.
- Additional solubilizing agents can also be selected with preference from the group of liquid alcohols, in particular glycol ethers, very particularly preferably butyl diglycol or alcohols with comparable properties.
- caprylic acid or its salts may be preferred as an additional solubilizing agent.
- Preferred additional surface-active components are selected from the groups of anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric surfactants, protein hydrolyzates, silicone compounds and phosphoric acid esters and their salts, unless they are already covered by the explanations given so far.
- alkoxylated alkyl alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain may be present as nonionic surfactants in the surfactant compositions to be used according to the invention, particularly preferably at least one compound from the groups of the mixed ethoxylates / propoxylates branched or unbranched alkyl alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and the end-capped ethoxylates of branched or unbranched alkyl alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, and very particularly preferably at least one compound from the groups of ethoxylated and propoxylated alkyl alcohols with 12 up to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, the butyl ether of ethoxylated alkyl alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and methyl ether of ethoxylated alkyl alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms
- Nonionic surfactants that besondes for the preparation of formulations for use in the invention are well suited, for example Plurafac ® LF 403, Plurafac ® 431 from BASF and Dehypon ® LT 104, Dehypon ® LST 254, Dehypon ® LS 54 and Dehypon ® G 2084 from COGNIS.
- Degressal ® SD 20 from BASF can be mentioned here as a further preferred surfactant with good defoaming properties.
- Preferred application forms of the surfactant agents to be used according to the invention are aqueous solution, gel, emulsion, paste, dispersion, solid shaped body, powder.
- surfactant to be used according to the invention in contact with the surfaces to be cleaned in concentrated or diluted form by immersion or by filling the object to be disinfected and / or by means of application aids.
- Preferred application tools are sponge, cloths, rags, brushes, wipers, rubber, spray device, foam device.
- the surfactants to be used according to the invention can be used for cleaning and disinfection at the same time.
- a cleaning solution to remove silicone-containing residues from surfaces which by diluting the agent to be used according to the invention with water, which optionally contains further auxiliaries and / or active substances, by a dilution factor of 1: 5 to 1: 10000, preferably 1:20 to 1: 1000, is available.
- the cleaning solution thus obtainable preferably contains, based on the total cleaning solution a), a total of 0.00001 to 6.5% by weight of components a) plus b) in addition to 0.00001 to 13% by weight of components c) plus d) plus e), where the proportion of individual components can also be zero, and b) 0.05 to 10% by weight of alkali metal hydroxide and c) 0.03 to 5% by weight of agent with complex-forming properties and d) optionally 0.03 to 5% by weight solubilizing agent and e) optionally further low-foaming surfactants.
- the surfactant or cleaning solution to be used according to the invention is pumped around and / or sprayed manually or in an automatic system in the system, the operating temperatures between 0 and 80 ° C. and the pumping or spraying times between 5 and 60 minutes and after treatment, the system surfaces may be disinfected in a further step and then rinsed with water of drinking water quality.
- test soiling was applied to stainless steel sheets (5 x 10 cm) and left there for 24 hours at 25 ° C. Subsequently, the metal sheets so contaminated in this way were immersed 12 times per minute in various tenside-containing alkaline cleaning solutions containing 0.5% NaOH over a period of 20 minutes. The tests were carried out using a fully automatic diving apparatus. The detachment behavior under these conditions was then determined gravimetrically.
- Table 1 shows which combinations of surfactants were used to prepare the cleaning solutions. Table 1:
- Table 2 shows how well the detachment behavior of the different surfactant combinations was assessed under the conditions described against the silicone test soiling.
- the detachment behavior was expressed as a percentage of the amount of test soiling that could be detached.
- Table 3 shows which combinations were used to prepare the cleaning solutions and how they performed in the corresponding detachment test.
- Table 3 shows that it is crucial for the detachment behavior of silicone which surfactants are used for cleaning.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10022419A DE10022419A1 (de) | 2000-05-09 | 2000-05-09 | Silikon-Entferner |
DE10022419 | 2000-05-09 | ||
PCT/EP2001/004824 WO2001085885A1 (de) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-04-28 | Silikon-entferner |
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EP1280877A1 true EP1280877A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
EP1280877B1 EP1280877B1 (de) | 2006-08-30 |
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EP01940382A Expired - Lifetime EP1280877B1 (de) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-04-28 | Silikon-entferner |
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US (1) | US6946037B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1280877B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE338107T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU7397901A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2408662C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10022419A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001085885A1 (de) |
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US7101832B2 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2006-09-05 | Johnsondiversey, Inc. | Cleaners containing peroxide bleaching agents for cleaning paper making equipment and method |
US7802359B2 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-09-28 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Electronic assembly manufacturing method |
WO2013123153A1 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-22 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Nonionic surfactant compositions |
EP4034624A1 (de) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-08-03 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Zusammensetzung für die gewebepflege |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3234258A (en) | 1963-06-20 | 1966-02-08 | Procter & Gamble | Sulfation of alpha olefins |
US4539134A (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1985-09-03 | Halliburton Company | Methods and cleaning compositions for removing organic materials from metallic surfaces |
US5075041A (en) | 1990-06-28 | 1991-12-24 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the preparation of secondary alcohol sulfate-containing surfactant compositions |
WO1992018600A1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-10-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Low voc cleaning compositions and methods |
JP3219536B2 (ja) * | 1992-07-01 | 2001-10-15 | 株式会社資生堂 | 洗浄剤組成物 |
DE4228786A1 (de) | 1992-08-29 | 1994-03-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Geschirrspülmittel mit ausgewähltem Builder-System |
DE4324152A1 (de) * | 1993-07-19 | 1995-01-26 | Bayer Ag | Zusammensetzungen zur Entfernung von Silikonöl enthaltenden Avivagen, daraus hergestellte wäßrige Dispersionen und deren Verwendung |
GB2282607A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-12 | Itac Limited | Stripping compositions comprising sulphonic acid and thickener |
JPH08199472A (ja) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-08-06 | Nippon Saafuakutanto Kogyo Kk | 繊維用精練洗浄剤組成物 |
EP0982394A1 (de) * | 1998-08-27 | 2000-03-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Flüssige neutrales oder alkalisches Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen |
-
2000
- 2000-05-09 DE DE10022419A patent/DE10022419A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-04-28 AU AU73979/01A patent/AU7397901A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-28 CA CA002408662A patent/CA2408662C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-28 WO PCT/EP2001/004824 patent/WO2001085885A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-04-28 DE DE50110881T patent/DE50110881D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-28 EP EP01940382A patent/EP1280877B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-28 US US10/276,200 patent/US6946037B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-28 AT AT01940382T patent/ATE338107T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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DE50110881D1 (de) | 2006-10-12 |
US6946037B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 |
EP1280877B1 (de) | 2006-08-30 |
CA2408662C (en) | 2009-12-29 |
US20030162676A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
AU7397901A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
DE10022419A1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
CA2408662A1 (en) | 2002-11-12 |
WO2001085885A1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
ATE338107T1 (de) | 2006-09-15 |
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