EP1275582A1 - Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1275582A1 EP1275582A1 EP02015361A EP02015361A EP1275582A1 EP 1275582 A1 EP1275582 A1 EP 1275582A1 EP 02015361 A EP02015361 A EP 02015361A EP 02015361 A EP02015361 A EP 02015361A EP 1275582 A1 EP1275582 A1 EP 1275582A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reefing
- film
- rollers
- stack
- tubular film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
- B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
- B65B9/13—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state
- B65B9/135—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state for palletised loads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for covering a stretch film hood over a stack of goods with a film supply for tubular film and a separating and Cutting device for forming a top sealed and from the film supply separate hose hood and a spreading device for opening the tubular film and a covering device that can be inserted into the tubular film and used for cross stretching the same reefing fingers to be moved apart, which are relative to the long side of the Good stacks are movable and reef drivable for bellows-like storage are assigned to the supplied tubular film on the reefing fingers.
- a generic device is for example from DE 197 32 298 C1 as well the US-4,050,219 known and is used to wrap a stack of goods, which usually consists of a large number of piece goods stacked side by side and one above the other on a pallet is formed.
- the tubular film supplied is coated before it is coated spread over the stack of goods on a larger floor plan than that of the stack and then pulled over the stack by the reefing fingers. It lies down the film hood due to its elastic properties closely to the outer peripheral surface of the stack and connects the piece goods of the stack to a packaging unit.
- the stability of the packaging unit caused by the coated film depends, among other things also from the elastic longitudinal expansion of the coated film on the long sides.
- the required longitudinal stretch (longitudinal stretch) of the tubular film is, for example, at the device known from US Pat. No. 4,050,219, by causing the Foil provided, lying on the reefing fingers with the interposition of the foil during reefing Reef rollers are effective and the release of the tubular film by the reefing fingers a certain amount To oppose resistance.
- This reef roller is closed for reefing, but it is also when pulling over the hose hood on the reefing fingers, so that the hose hood only when exceeded a certain longitudinal tension is released by the reefing fingers and thus with a certain longitudinal expansion on the hood side walls.
- the device known from this prior art has one at the top End of the reefing fingers arranged on the reefing bracket, that of the film when stretching with an angle of about 90 ° is wrapped around and also the sliding of the reefing bracket wrapping film from the reefing fingers to the plant on the stack of goods one for opposes the longitudinal stretch required resistance.
- the device solution described above is relative to the application of a high elongation on the long sides of the stack of goods was found to be unsatisfactory and so are with DE 197 32 298 C1 on a generic device relative to the Reefing fingers have been proposed for moving stretch elements that are above the reefing fingers and the reefing bracket are arranged and which when applying the stretch film to the Long sides of the stack of goods on the inside of the reefing fingers facing the stack of goods be moved, on the one hand, the wrap angle of the tubular film with the reefing bracket to increase and on the other hand the film with a relatively large wrap angle to lay the stretch element.
- the film is relatively high
- the problem here is that the film due to the increased frictional forces, not least due to the introduced Heat becomes very thin and may tear.
- the longitudinal stretch of the Tubular film in this proposed solution as also in that from EP 0 344 815 B1 known solution proposal can not be adequately controlled and can in particular not dependent on the relative position of the coating device to the stack of goods to be wrapped and optionally controlled depending on the type of stack of goods to be wrapped become.
- the user of the device thus lacks options for local To influence the stretch when pulling the hose hood over the stack of goods, to apply the film to the piece goods stack with as uniform a thickness as possible with the best possible use of the film material used, reliably and permanently to envelop. Because for ecological as well as economic reasons and also with Consideration of the problem of disposal of the film after removing it In practice, the best possible use of film material is sought for the stack of goods.
- the present invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a device with which a reliable wrapping of the Good stack with high longitudinal stretch is possible.
- the present invention provides a device with the features of claim 1 specified, which is thereby from the generic state the technology differentiates that an abutment assigned to the reefing roller is provided, the counter surface interacting with the reef roller is movable with respect to the reef finger is and at least in sections to a circumferential segment of the reef roller of at least 45 ° with the interposition of the tubular film.
- the device according to the invention has movable reefing rollers in a manner known per se which can be applied to the respectively assigned reefing fingers.
- this reef roller works with one against the reef finger movable counter surface so that when pulling the film hood over the Good stack between this on the one hand and the reef roller and the reefing finger on the other Rolling friction can be generated.
- the counter surface is at least in sections on a circumferential segment of the reef roller of at least 45 °. consequently the clamping force usually applied during reefing by the reefing roller becomes proportional transfer to the film over a large area. With a relatively high longitudinal stretch of the film there is therefore no need to fear even when using relatively thin foils, that the film tears on the reef roll due to local overuse.
- the covering of the film hood takes place at the Reef finger of reef roll, as is known in principle from US-4,050,219.
- the reef roller presses against one another the reefing finger movable counter surface, which is formed, for example, and if necessary, it can be controlled that between the one sliding off the reefing fingers Foil and the counter surface no relative movement takes place and an undesirable that the elastic properties of the film do not influence the heat input due to friction fear.
- the circulating belt can for example be one known from US-4,050,219 and from EP 1 013 549 well into which the reefing roller engages, line and this to reduce the friction between the film and go through the reef finger.
- several the counter surface forming counter rollers can be provided with their peripheral surface can each be applied at least linearly with the interlayer of the film, so that the counter surface an abutment in the circumferential segment of at least 45 °, at least in sections forms for the reef roll.
- the preferred embodiment according to claim 3 offers the possibility of both sides of the film one of the release of the film by the reefing fingers when placing it on the long sides of the stack of goods counteracting resistance.
- This resistance can over the Control of the drive to the reef roller, preferably also control of the drive the counter surface can be controlled in order to achieve the desired longitudinal stretch of the film hood in the best possible way to adapt to the respective needs.
- the counter surface is free rotatably mounted. In the case of a circulating belt, this is rotatably supported by two Tape rolls placed and running around these tape rolls. In the case of multiple counter roles these are each freely rotatable.
- the device is further developed in that the counter surface by several In the circumferential direction of the reefing roller, counter-rollers arranged differently behind one another Length is formed with increasing vertical center distance of the counter rollers decreases from the axis of the reef roller.
- counter-rollers arranged differently behind one another Length is formed with increasing vertical center distance of the counter rollers decreases from the axis of the reef roller.
- one, if necessary several counter-rollers with a relatively large length are provided at the height of the axis of the reefing roller his / her several counter-rollers following in the circumferential direction of the reefing roller are subordinate, with an increasing vertical distance from the axis of the reef roller get smaller.
- the longer counter rollers are larger Distance inward from the outer circumferential surface of the reef finger, which is the film when stretching crosswise, so that it is avoided that the counter rollers with their The contour of the reefing fingers spanning the tubular film in the area of their corners tower over them.
- the counter rollers with their end peripheral portions in the contour of curved reef fingers.
- the Refffinger essentially parallel to the two adjacent walls of the stack of goods form extending surface segments, each a movable counter surface with an assigned reef role. This measure also results in local overuse the film when placing it on the stack of goods with high longitudinal stretch avoided.
- the two reefing rollers assigned to a single reefing finger over a common one Drive are driven.
- the reefing rollers are For this purpose, they are connected to one another without slip, and preferably by the fact that The drive shafts of the reef rollers each have a toothed bevel gear, which has a common one Comb synchronization wheel, which is preferably freely rotatable.
- This preferred further development takes into account the same direction of rotation of the two reef rollers a functional, simple and reliable slip-free connection between the two reef rolls.
- the reefing means to reduce the friction compared to the film wrapping around the reef finger.
- the area of the reefing fingers wrapped in the film is where the film at Cross stretches from a substantially parallel to the side surfaces of the stack of goods extending alignment in a substantially parallel to the top of the stack of goods extending orientation is redirected.
- the reefing fingers are when stretching regularly wrapped around the film at an angle of about 90 °. At the Longitudinal stretch is the wrap angle much smaller.
- the aforementioned means for reducing friction lead to friction between the film and the reefing finger when stretching the film which is less than in the state of the Technology where the spreading fingers at least on their sections wrapped in the film are made of steel or aluminum.
- the means for Reduction of friction is formed by the surface wrapped in the film the reefing finger is made of a plastic.
- a suitable artificial peat can for example polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the plastic can be a layer on the surface be provided on the reefing fingers at least on those surface areas that are wrapped in the film.
- the reefing fingers can also be used in sections from a solid plastic material, if necessary, to increase the strength, a fiber composite plastic be educated.
- the reefing fingers Means for generating a rolling friction to the film wrapping around the reefing fingers.
- Such means can be formed, for example, by rotatably driven rollers be arranged at the upper end of the reefing fingers and wrapped in the film and which allow control of the film length released when the film is stretched crosswise.
- the degree of cross stretching released film length for example, specified and controlled by the reef rollers as specified in dependent claim 17.
- the device according to the invention is, however, too prefer to provide freely rotatable rollers on the reefing fingers, which on the by the foil wrapped ends of the reefing fingers are arranged.
- the rollers are provided on a reefing bracket, the End sections approximately at right angles to each other and each parallel to adjacent long sides of the stack of goods to be wrapped are arranged.
- the as such, for example EP-0 344 815 B1 as well as DE 43 27 450 C1 known reefing bracket is in this aforementioned prior art as a means of increasing the friction between the Foil and the reefing bracket provided.
- the aforementioned reefing bracket proposed the aforementioned reefing bracket as a means of reducing surface friction provided.
- FIG. 1 and 2 of an inventive Device comprises a device frame 1, between its vertical stands a carriageway 2 for feeding and unloading piece goods stacks 3, each consisting of one A plurality of piece goods arranged one above the other are formed.
- a roller 4 is mounted on the device frame 1, on which a tubular film 5 is wound is. The side edges of the tubular film 5 are in the wound state folded (gusseted tube).
- the tubular film 5 is over pulleys 6 and Take-off rollers 7 fed to a threading device, the vertically movable guide elements 8 has.
- the device further comprises a separating device 9 and one Welding device 10.
- each reef finger 13 On the four stands of the device frame 1 are slides 12 in a vertical direction or longitudinal direction of the supplied tubular film 5 movably mounted, on each a reef finger 13 is attached.
- the present supported on the four stands Reefing fingers 13 have horizontally extending reefing brackets 14, each approximately arranged at right angles to one another and parallel to the side faces of the stack 3 have extending temple ends.
- Each reef finger 13 is via a drive device 15 attached to the carriage 12.
- the drive device 15 is in the present case formed a hydraulic cylinder, with all the longitudinal axes of the hydraulic Cylinders are approximately aligned with the center of the fixture frame and in an approximately horizontal plane.
- the reefing fingers 13 are each arranged on the outside relative to the reefing fingers 13 movable reefing roller 16 assigned to the Carriage 12 is mounted and which is movable in the horizontal or transverse direction.
- the exemplary embodiment shown extends approximately the longitudinal axis of the reef roller 16 at an angle of 45 ° to the respective adjacent side surfaces of the stack of goods and acts essentially on a bow 17b connecting the two bow ends Refffingers 13 a.
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through the corner area of a reefing finger 13 has a support 17, which at its lower end with the drive device, not shown here is connected and carries the reefing bracket 14 at its upper end.
- the top view according to FIG. 2 shows that the support 17 is parallel to itself respective side surfaces of the side sections extending to be wrapped provided, which are connected to each other via a rounded corner and Form flat contact surfaces 17 for the reefed film 5.
- the support 17 has an opening in which a plurality of counter rollers 18 are freely rotatable are arranged.
- the outer envelope surface of the counter roller 18 forms a depression 19, which related to the imaginary center of the trough 19 an angular segment of sweeps about 90 °.
- all have counter rollers 18 have an identical diameter and have one made of an elastic material, such as elastomer, rubber or the like formed surface.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of the illustration according to FIG. 3 shown.
- a curved line can be seen, which the contour K of the arch 17b corresponds to the support 17.
- the counter rollers lie within this contour K. 18a-c, which are arranged such that they have their end peripheral portions 18 'lie on the contour K.
- the middle peripheral portions of the counter rollers 18a-c are offset inward from the contour, with increasing length the counter rollers 18 with increasing distance.
- a counter surface is this by five superimposed Counter rollers 18a-c are formed, of which the longest counter roller is level with the The axis of the reef roller 16 lies.
- the small counter rollers 18c are located in the outlet area of the Trough 19; the counter-rolls 18b of medium length are between the longest roll 18a and the smallest counter rollers 18c in the outlet area.
- the reef roller 16 is in its active position pressing against the counter surface 20 shown, in which the counter-rollers 18 have a circumferential angle of approximately 90 ° of the circumference cover the reef roller 16.
- One clamped between the reef roller 16 and the counter surface 20 Tubular film 5 is accordingly over a quarter of the circumferential surface the reef roller 16 on this.
- the reefing finger 13 shown in FIG. 3 has a reefing bracket 14 at its upper end on, the circumferential surface essentially by five consecutively arranged, free rotatably mounted reef bracket rollers 21 is formed, which is shown in Figure 5 in plan view is.
- the peripheral surface of the reef bracket 14 formed by five consecutively arranged freely rotatable rollers 21.
- These rollers 21 each have a convexly curved outer peripheral surface and lie with their axis of rotation arranged at an angle to each other, so that the form the outer peripheral surface of the rollers 21 in approximately a circular arc segment.
- the the two outer rollers 21a, 21e are substantially with their respective axes arranged at right angles to each other.
- bearing segments 22 can be provided, which support the rollers 21 and connect them to the rest of the reefing fingers 13.
- the bearing segments 22 close with its outer end face to the outer surface of the support both in Area of the outgoing, straight segments 17a of the reef sheet as well as in the area of the two connecting arches 17b.
- the flat tubular film 5 is in a manner known per se by the take-off rollers 7 threaded over the guide elements 8. At the lower end of the guide elements 8 is each folded edge of the tubular film 5 is passed between a double conveyor belt 11, to open the hose. After the lower end of the tubular film 5 a piece has run out of the double conveyor belts 11, the take-off rollers 7 and the double conveyor belts 11 stopped and the reefing fingers 13 are in the hose end retracted. When the reefing fingers 13 have reached a predetermined position the reefing rollers 16 moved up to the reefing fingers 13. Part of the circumferential surface moves of the respective reefing rollers 16 into the trough 19 of the associated reefing finger 13 and clamps the tubular film 5.
- the separating and welding devices 9 and 10 are actuated in order to remove the below the separating and welding devices 9, 11 section of the Tubular film 5 to a tubular hood 18 of predetermined length closed at the top to build. Then the double conveyor belts 11 are driven again to the rest To release part of the formed hose hood 18, preferably by simultaneous approach of the reef rollers 16 brought into a predetermined starting position and can be stretched over the reefing bracket 14.
- the reefing fingers 13 are moved apart in the transverse direction. Before that, however, the reef rollers 16 in the exemplary embodiments shown subtracted from the reefing fingers 13, so that the reefing rollers in one Non-use position are arranged.
- the reefing fingers move apart a floor plan, which is larger than the floor plan of the stack 3, can Part of the tubular film torn up on the reefing finger 13 due to reduced friction properties the reefing bracket opposite the film from the reefing bracket 14 over the Slip reef sheet rolls 21. Accordingly, excessive cross stretch can be prevented when stretching on the closed top of the tubular film.
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of an alternative embodiment of reefing means for Impact and controlled application of the film on the side surfaces of the stack of goods.
- two reef rollers 16a, 16b are in common Mounted base plate 30, which is relative to the respectively assigned reefing finger 13 is movable.
- the bottom plate 30 carries next to the two reefing rollers made of rubber 16 a drive motor 31 for driving the two reefing rollers 16a, 16b.
- the Torque of the motor 31 is transmitted to the other reef roller 16b via a transmission, which has two ends arranged on the shafts 32 of the reefing rollers 16a, 16b Includes bevel gears 33a, 33b, each with a common, also as a bevel gear Comb trained synchronization wheel 34.
- the synchronization wheel 34 is free rotatably mounted. With this configuration, the two reef rollers 16a, 16b coupled to each other without slip and therefore inevitably taking into account the two reef rollers 16 required synchronized direction of rotation synchronized with each other.
- the bearings for the shafts are 32 and the shaft of the synchronization wheel 34 throughout with the reference number 35 characterized.
- the reef rollers 16a, 16b cooperate Mating surfaces together, which correspond to the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 are formed by counter-rollers, but in the present case the straight surface sections 17a of the support 17 of the reefing finger 13 are arranged.
- the base plate 30 in Direction of arrow P moves.
- the drive motor 31 can be idle.
- the drive motor 31 drive the reef rollers 16a, 16b when they are pulled over, preferably in a controlled manner from a measurement that corresponds to the degree of longitudinal expansion of the long sides of the stack of goods 3 created corresponds to tubular film.
- the reefing bracket 14 has no reefing sheet rollers 21, but instead is provided with a friction-reducing plastic surface.
- the reefing bracket has a friction-reducing Surface ( Figure 6) or an almost frictionless surface ( Figures 3 to 5) are provided, the respective reefing bracket 14 set the sliding of the Film 5 from the reefing fingers 13 almost no resistance, so that the longitudinal stretch exactly over the contact pressure of the reef rollers 16a, 16b against the counter surface with the interposition of the tubular film 5 and / or that of the drive motor 31 the reef roll (s) generated moment can be controlled.
- the reefing rollers 16 can support the generated holding forces reliably transferred to the tubular film 5 without fear that the Tubular film is overstressed locally thermally or mechanically.
- the design thus allows a reliable application even of relatively thin tubular films the general cargo stack with a defined longitudinal stretch.
- a device according to the invention can therefore also be used to stack stacks changing contour are encased with essentially constant longitudinal stretch. Films with manufacturing-related irregularities can also be used with the create the desired and adjustable longitudinal stretch values on the piece goods stack, without fear that this is due to irregularities in the film tears when wrapping the stack of goods.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
- Figur 2
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Überzieheinrichtung der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1;
- Figur 3
- eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie III-III gemäß der Darstellung in den Figuren 4 und 5 auf einen Refffinger bei wirksam anliegender Reffrolle;
- Figur 4
- eine Schnittansicht entlang der Line IV-IV gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 3;
- Figur 5
- eine Draufsicht auf das in Figur 3 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel ohne Folie; und
- Figur 6
- eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines bevorzugten Reffmittels.
- 1
- Vorrichtungsgestell
- 2
- Fahrbahn
- 3
- Stückgutstapel
- 4
- Rolle
- 5
- Schlauchfolie
- 6
- Umlenkrolle
- 7
- Abzugsrollen
- 8
- Leitelemente
- 9
- Trenneinrichtung
- 10
- Schweißeinrichtung
- 11
- Doppelförderband
- 12
- Schlitten
- 13
- Refffinger
- 14
- Reffbügel
- 15
- Antriebseinrichtung
- 16
- Reffrolle
- 17
- Stütze
- 17a
- Anlagefläche/gerade Flächensegmente
- 17b
- Bogen
- 18
- Gegenrolle
- 18'
- endseitige Umfangsabschnitte
- 19
- Mulde
- 20
- Gegenfläche
- 21
- Reffbügelrolle
- 22
- Lagersegmente
- 30
- Bodenplatte
- 31
- Antriebsmotor
- 32
- Welle
- 33a,b
- Kegelrad
- 34
- Synchronisationsrad
- 35
- Lager
Claims (14)
- Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel (3) mit einem Folienvorrat (4) für Schlauchfolie (5) und einer Trenn- und Schneideinrichtung (9,10) zum Ausbilden einer oberseitig verschlossenen und von dem Folienvorrat getrennten Schlauchhaube sowie einer Spreizeinrichtung (11) zum Öffnen der Schlauchfolie und einer Überzieheinrichtung umfassend in die Schlauchfolie einbringbare und zum Querstretchen derselben auseinander zu fahrende Refffinger (13), die relativ zu der Längsseite des Gutstapels (2) beweglich sind und denen antreibbare Reffmittel (16) zum faltenbalgartigen Ablegen der zugeführten Schlauchfolie (5) auf die Refffinger (13) zugeordnet sind,
gekennzeichnet durch
ein der Reffrolle (16) zugeordnetes Widerlager, dessen mit der Reffrolle (16) zusammenwirkende Gegenfläche (20) beweglich gegenüber dem Refffinger (13) ist und zumindest abschnittsweise an ein Umfangssegment der Reffrolle (16) von wenigstens 45° unter Zwischenlage der Schlauchfolie (5) anlegbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gegenfläche (20) an einem umlaufenden Band und/oder mehreren Gegenrollen (18) ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen die Gegenfläche (20) antreibenden Antrieb.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gegenfläche (20) frei drehbar gelagert ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, mit vier an den Ecken einer rechtwinklig aufzuspannenden Schlauchfolie (5) auf diese einwirkenden Reffrollen (16), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gegenfläche (20) durch mehrere in Umfangsrichtung der Reffrolle (16) hintereinander angeordnete Gegenrollen (18a-c) unterschiedlicher Länge ausgebildet ist, die mit zunehmendem vertikalen Achsabstand der Gegenrollen (18a-c) von der Achse der Reffrolle (16) abnimmt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gegenrollen (18a-c) mit ihrem stirnseitigen Umfangsabschnitten (18') auf der Kontur (K) des gebogenen Refffingers (13) liegen.
- Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel (3) mit einem Folienvorrat (4) für Schlauchfolie (5) und einer Trenn- und Schneideinrichtung (9,10) zum Ausbilden einer oberseitig verschlossenen und von dem Folienvorrat getrennten Schlauchhaube sowie einer Spreizeinrichtung (11) zum Öffnen der Schlauchfolie und einer Überzieheinrichtung umfassend in die Schlauchfolie einbringbare und zum Querstretchen derselben auseinander zu fahrende Refffinger (13), die relativ zu der Längsseite des Gutstapels (2) beweglich sind und denen antreibbare Reffmittel (16) zum faltenbalgartigen Ablegen der zugeführten Schlauchfolie (5) auf die Refffinger (13) zugeordnet sind, insbesondere nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Refffinger (13) sich im wesentlichen parallel zu den beiden benachbarten Wandungen des Gutstapels (3) erstreckende Flächensegmente (17a) ausbilden, denen jeweils eine Reffrolle (16a, 16b) zugeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächensegmente (17a) jeweils eine bewegliche Gegenfläche aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Refffinger (13) Mittel zur Verminderung der Reibung (21) gegenüber der die Refffinger (13) umschlingenden Schlauchfolie (5) aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die von der Folie umschlungene Oberfläche der Refffinger (13) aus einem Kunststoff gebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Refffinger (13) Mittel zur Erzeugung einer Rollreibung zu der die Refffinger (13) umschlingenden Schlauchfolie (5) aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Refffinger (13) an ihren von der Schlauchfolie (5) umschlungenen Enden frei drehbar gelagerte Rollen (21) aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rollen (21) an einem Reffbügel vorgesehen sind, dessen Endabschnitte in etwa rechtwinklig zueinander und in etwa parallel zu den gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten des Gutstapels (3) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die antreibbaren Reffrollen (16) derart gesteuert sind, dass diese beim Querstretchen der Schlauchfolie (5) unter Zwischenlage der Schlauchfolie (5) an den Refffingern (13) anliegen und frei drehbar oder gegenläufig zu der Reffbewegung der Refffinger (16) angetrieben sind.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK02015361T DK1275582T3 (da) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Apparat til at trække en strækfoliekappe over en godsstabel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10135476 | 2001-07-11 | ||
DE10135476 | 2001-07-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1275582A1 true EP1275582A1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
EP1275582B1 EP1275582B1 (de) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=7692554
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02015360A Expired - Lifetime EP1275581B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel |
EP02015361A Expired - Lifetime EP1275582B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02015360A Expired - Lifetime EP1275581B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1275581B1 (de) |
AT (2) | ATE296225T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE50203177D1 (de) |
DK (2) | DK1275581T3 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012024176A1 (de) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-12 | Beumer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer schlauchförmigen Verpackungsfolie und Reffelement |
WO2021231086A1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-18 | Signode Industrial Group Llc | Stretch-hood machine and method of operating the same |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7320403B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2008-01-22 | Bsh Home Appliances Corporation | Package, method, and kit for stretch hood packaging of home appliances |
DK3281878T3 (da) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-11-12 | Maschf Moellers Gmbh | Indretning til omvikling af en godsstabel med en rørkappe og fremgangsmåde til udskiftning af rørfolielageret i en tilsvarende indretning |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2230549A1 (en) * | 1973-05-23 | 1974-12-20 | Applic Thermiques | Machine for packing an object in a plastic sleeve - compresses sleeve into bellows form before passing object through |
US4546598A (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1985-10-15 | Karpisek Ladislav Stephan | Stretch wrapping apparatus |
DE4103384A1 (de) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-08-08 | Hannen Reiner Develog | Vorrichtung zum ueberziehen von stretchfolienhauben ueber einen gutstapel |
EP0564971A2 (de) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-10-13 | Maschinenfabrik Möllers GmbH u. Co. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildung eines Gutstapels |
DE9307716U1 (de) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-01-27 | Maschinenfabrik Möllers GmbH u. Co, 59269 Beckum | Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen eines Stapels |
DE4307287C1 (de) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-07-21 | Moellers Maschf Gmbh | Verfahren zum Umhüllung eines Stapels |
EP0798214A1 (de) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Bernhard Beumer Maschinenfabrik KG | Stretcheinrichtung zum Stretchen einer Stretchfolienhaube |
US6032439A (en) * | 1997-07-26 | 2000-03-07 | Maschinenfabrik Mollers Gmbh U. Co. | Apparatus and method of covering a stack of articles |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19859889A1 (de) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-06-29 | Moellers Maschf Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen eines Stückgutstapels |
DE19933856A1 (de) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-01-25 | Beumer Maschf Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zum Umhüllen von Stückgut, insbesondere eines Stückgutstapels, mit einer Stretchfolienhaube, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
-
2002
- 2002-07-10 DE DE50203177T patent/DE50203177D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-10 EP EP02015360A patent/EP1275581B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-10 DK DK02015360T patent/DK1275581T3/da active
- 2002-07-10 EP EP02015361A patent/EP1275582B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-10 DK DK02015361T patent/DK1275582T3/da active
- 2002-07-10 AT AT02015361T patent/ATE296225T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-10 DE DE50205626T patent/DE50205626D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-10 AT AT02015360T patent/ATE316035T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2230549A1 (en) * | 1973-05-23 | 1974-12-20 | Applic Thermiques | Machine for packing an object in a plastic sleeve - compresses sleeve into bellows form before passing object through |
US4546598A (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1985-10-15 | Karpisek Ladislav Stephan | Stretch wrapping apparatus |
DE4103384A1 (de) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-08-08 | Hannen Reiner Develog | Vorrichtung zum ueberziehen von stretchfolienhauben ueber einen gutstapel |
EP0564971A2 (de) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-10-13 | Maschinenfabrik Möllers GmbH u. Co. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildung eines Gutstapels |
DE4307287C1 (de) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-07-21 | Moellers Maschf Gmbh | Verfahren zum Umhüllung eines Stapels |
DE9307716U1 (de) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-01-27 | Maschinenfabrik Möllers GmbH u. Co, 59269 Beckum | Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen eines Stapels |
EP0798214A1 (de) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Bernhard Beumer Maschinenfabrik KG | Stretcheinrichtung zum Stretchen einer Stretchfolienhaube |
US6032439A (en) * | 1997-07-26 | 2000-03-07 | Maschinenfabrik Mollers Gmbh U. Co. | Apparatus and method of covering a stack of articles |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012024176A1 (de) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-12 | Beumer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer schlauchförmigen Verpackungsfolie und Reffelement |
DE102012024176B4 (de) | 2012-12-10 | 2019-02-07 | Beumer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer schlauchförmigen Verpackungsfolie und Reffelement |
WO2021231086A1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-18 | Signode Industrial Group Llc | Stretch-hood machine and method of operating the same |
US11492155B2 (en) | 2020-05-14 | 2022-11-08 | Signode Industrial Group Llc | Stretch-hood machine |
CN115485197A (zh) * | 2020-05-14 | 2022-12-16 | 信诺工业集团有限责任公司 | 拉伸套罩机以及操作拉伸套罩机的方法 |
US11827392B2 (en) | 2020-05-14 | 2023-11-28 | Signode Industrial Group Llc | Stretch-hood machine |
CN115485197B (zh) * | 2020-05-14 | 2024-05-03 | 信诺工业集团有限责任公司 | 拉伸套罩机以及操作拉伸套罩机的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50203177D1 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
EP1275582B1 (de) | 2005-05-25 |
EP1275581B1 (de) | 2006-01-18 |
EP1275581A1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
ATE316035T1 (de) | 2006-02-15 |
DE50205626D1 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
DK1275582T3 (da) | 2005-08-01 |
DK1275581T3 (da) | 2006-05-08 |
ATE296225T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3043807C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Verpackungseinheit durch Umwickeln des Verpackungsguts mit einer Kunstoff-Streckfolienbahn | |
DE3135370C2 (de) | Verfahren und Maschine zum Herstellen einer Verpackungseinheit durch Umwickeln des Verpackungsguts mit einer Kunststoff-Streckfolienbahn | |
DE3918311C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von Stückgut, insbesondere Stückgutstapeln, mit einer Stretchfolienhaube | |
DE69402657T2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von Gegenständen mit streckbarer Folie | |
DE60003303T2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum laden von folien in einer maschine zum einwickeln von produkten | |
DE2413807B2 (de) | Verfahren und Maschine zum Herstellen einer Palettenpackung durch Umwickeln des auf eine Palette gestapelten Packgutes mit einer Folienbahn | |
DE69207701T2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Strecken einer Kunststoff-Folienbahn in einer Verpackungsmaschine | |
DE3878314T2 (de) | Eine maschine zum verpacken einer vielzahl von artikeln in einer plastikdehnfolie. | |
DE3248697C2 (de) | ||
EP1013549B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen eines Stückgutstapels | |
DE3878768T2 (de) | Apparat zum setzen eines filmbands unter spannung. | |
EP1266828B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von Stückguteinheiten mit einer hauben- oder Schlauchförmigen Stretchfolienumhüllung | |
CH648797A5 (de) | Verfahren und maschine zum verpacken von gegenstaenden mit einer dehnbaren folie. | |
DE69405279T2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einwickeln von Gegenständen mittels gefalteter Dehnfolie | |
DE2604729A1 (de) | Verfahren und maschine zur schrumpf- folien-verpackung | |
DE4016484C2 (de) | Verpackungsvorrichtung für Bahnrollen | |
DE3526772A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum umhuellen einer wareneinheit | |
EP1275582B1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Überziehen einer Stretchfolienhaube über einen Gutstapel | |
EP0232553B1 (de) | Einrichtung zum Aufwickeln eines kontinuierlich anfallenden Schuppenstromes von biegsamen Flächengebilden zu einem Wickel | |
DE10021470B4 (de) | Schlauchbeutelverpackungsmaschine mit Querstreckmitteln | |
EP0564971B1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildung eines Gutstapels | |
EP4214125B1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ausgabe einer folienbahn für packgut | |
EP1515894B1 (de) | Anlage zum verpacken eines in zickzackförmige schlaufen gelegten flexiblen bandes, insbesondere eines textilbandes | |
DE2041295A1 (de) | Wellpappe und Verfahren zur Ausbildung eines Verschlusses entlang den OEffnungen des gewellten Kernes,sowie Vorrichtung zur Ausfuehrung des Verfahrens | |
DE1806918A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Beuteln |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030715 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20040611 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050525 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50203177 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20050630 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050710 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050710 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050710 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050731 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050731 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050825 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050825 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050825 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050905 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20051027 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20050525 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20060228 |
|
EN | Fr: translation not filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20060731 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20060731 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: MASCHINENFABRIK MOLLERS G.M.B.H. Effective date: 20050731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050525 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20130722 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20130730 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50203177 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP Effective date: 20140731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150203 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50203177 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20150203 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140731 |