EP1275358B1 - Article absorbant - Google Patents

Article absorbant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1275358B1
EP1275358B1 EP02254934A EP02254934A EP1275358B1 EP 1275358 B1 EP1275358 B1 EP 1275358B1 EP 02254934 A EP02254934 A EP 02254934A EP 02254934 A EP02254934 A EP 02254934A EP 1275358 B1 EP1275358 B1 EP 1275358B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
region
absorbent article
cushion layer
topsheet
absorbent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02254934A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1275358A3 (fr
EP1275358A2 (fr
Inventor
Wataru c/o Technical Center Yoshimasa
Kazuya c/o Technical Center Nishitani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unicharm Corp
Original Assignee
Unicharm Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1275358A2 publication Critical patent/EP1275358A2/fr
Publication of EP1275358A3 publication Critical patent/EP1275358A3/fr
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Publication of EP1275358B1 publication Critical patent/EP1275358B1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
    • A61F13/47236—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour
    • A61F13/47245—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
    • A61F13/47272—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use with a longitudinal raised end, e.g. cup-shaped gluteal groove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/475—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means
    • A61F13/4751—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/531—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/532—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad
    • A61F13/533—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad having discontinuous areas of compression
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/495—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers with faecal cavity
    • A61F2013/4958—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers with faecal cavity with a faecal management layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/513—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability
    • A61F2013/51322—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability being elastomeric or stretchable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an absorbent article such as sanitary napkin, urine absorbent pad, auxiliary absorbent pad for diaper or the like, more particularly to an absorbent article which is superior in fit to the wearer's body and highly effective in preventing leakage of bodily waste toward the buttocks.
  • absorbent articles having a cushion layer between a topsheet and an absorbent storage layer to improve the contact between the absorbent article and the wearer's skin.
  • Patent Gazette of Japanese Patent No. 2784016 discloses an absorbent article having a cushion layer in its transversely central portion close to the rear end.
  • the cushion layer is so flexible that the region having the cushion layer can fit into the gluteal fold of the wearer, thereby preventing discharged body fluid from flowing down the gluteal fold and leaking from the rear end of the absorbent article.
  • the topsheet of the absorbent article disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Gazette is formed of a polyester thermal-bonded nonwoven fabric in which fibers are bonded to each other, the topsheet is less extensible. Therefore, when the topsheet is pressed from above, the topsheet resists it, so that the compressive force may not act on the cushion layer. Accordingly, the flexibility of the cushion layer cannot be fully exploited, so that the absorbent article can hardly fit on the wearer's skin, especially the uneven portions such as gluteal fold As a result, the leakage of discharged body fluid from the rear end of the absorbent article cannot be effectively prevented.
  • the topsheet formed of the polyester thermal-bonded nonwoven fabric is less extensible, it gives a stiff feel to the wearer's skin. This can never provide a satisfactory feel upon wearing.
  • EP-A-0958802 discloses an absorbent article comprising a liquid permeable topsheet, a backsheet and an absorbent core interposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, wherein the topsheet rises upwardly from the absorbent core to have a plurality of protrusions, which extend parallel with one another in a longitudinal direction of the absorbent article, and a hydrophilic material is provided within the protrusions so as to form a cushion layer.
  • EP-A-1016393 discloses an absorbent article comprising an elongate absorbent body and a pair of left and right rear wing portions. Each rear wing portion includes a liquid-retentive absorbent core.
  • EP-A-0345664 relates to an absorbent undergarment.
  • the garment is provided with a generally rectangular pledget which is made of absorbent material and which is positioned between an absorbent layer and a backing. This pledget helps the garment form a cup shape.
  • EP-A-1097685 discloses a compound sanitary napkin comprising a primary absorbent member and a secondary absorbent member.
  • the primary absorbent member sits above the secondary absorbent member. They are joined together to form a unitary structure.
  • Each absorbent member comprise a liquid pervious topsheet, a backsheet and an absorbent core between the topsheet and the backsheet.
  • WO99/17695 A discloses an absorbent article including an absorbent core having multi-absorbent layers, wherein the absorbent layers interact in such a manner which preferentially locates absorbed liquid in an appointed, high saturation wicking layer.
  • the present invention has been worked out in view of the shortcoming in the above mentioned Patent Gazette of Japanese Patent No. 2784016 . It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article in which a liquid-receiving surface can readily fit on uneven portions of the wearer's buttocks to improve the effect of preventing leakage of bodily waste as well as provide a soft contact feel to the wearer's skin.
  • the absorbent article of independent Claim 1 there is provided the absorbent article of independent Claim 1.
  • the dependent Claims specify preferred, but optional, features.
  • the topsheet is extensible in the direction crossing the cushion layer, the initial thickness TO of the region having the cushion layer can be made large, and the compressive hardness (LC value) and the compressive recovery (RC value) can be set within the above-mentioned ranges facilitating conformity to the unevenness of the wearer's body. Accordingly, the topsheet can readily come into close contact with the wearer's body, thereby preventing a bodily waste from leaking out of the absorbent article.
  • LC value compressive hardness
  • RC value compressive recovery
  • Tm represents a thickness of the pressed region of the absorbent article for a pressure of 4,900 Pa
  • a difference between the initial thickness T0 and the thickness Tm is at least 3 mm.
  • the region having the cushion layer can readily conform to the unevenness of the wearer's body.
  • an initial thickness T0' of the pressed region of the cushion layer for a pressure of 49 Pa is at least 3 mm
  • a thickness Tm' of the pressed region of the cushion layer for a pressure of 4,900 Pa is at most 1.5 mm
  • a compressive hardness (LC value) is at least 0.35
  • a compressive recovery (RC value) is at least 30%.
  • the topsheet has a corrugated cross-sectional shape, of which hills and valleys extend in a longitudinal direction of the absorbent article. This facilitates extension of the topsheet in the direction crossing the cushion layer, so that the region having the cushion layer can be flexibly deformed when applied a pressure from the wearer's body.
  • the absorbent article has a raised region in a region having the absorbent storage layer, the raised region is surrounded by a compressed groove formed by compressing the absorbent storage layer and elongated in a longitudinal direction of the absorbent article, and the cushion layer is provided in a rear region of the raised region.
  • the region having the cushion layer is raised from the surface of the absorbent article and the cushion layer is positioned in the rear region, the region having the cushion layer can readily fit into the gluteal fold, preventing the leakage of bodily waste from the rear end of the absorbent article.
  • a Gurley stiffness at a region having the compressed groove is 4.9 to 34.3 mN
  • a Gurley stiffness at the region having the cushion layer is 1.96 to 14.7 mN
  • the Gurley stiffness at the region having the compressed groove is larger than the Gurley stiffness at the region having the cushion layer. If the region having the compressed groove has such stiffness, the shape of the raised region can be easily maintained.
  • the absorbent article further comprises a pair of leakage preventing portions extending in a longitudinal direction of the absorbent article and positioned at transversely opposite sides of a region having the cushion layer, the leakage preventing portions having elastic members for exhibiting an elastic contractive force in the longitudinal direction, wherein a portion of each leakage preventing portion to be elastically contracted by the elastic member has a front end ahead of a front end of the cushion layer and has a rear end ahead of a rear end of the cushion layer.
  • the region ahead of the cushion layer can be easily curved by the elastic contractive forces to fit on the crotch.
  • the absorbent article further comprises: a pair of leakage preventing portions extending in a longitudinal direction of the absorbent article and positioned at transversely opposite sides of a region having the cushion layer; and flap portions outside the respective leakage preventing portions, wherein a distance between transversely opposed portions of the compressed groove are decreased so that when the flap portions are folded back against a liquid-receiving side of the absorbent article at fold lines provided outside the respective leakage preventing portions, the flap portions do not overlap with the raised region.
  • the absorbent layer can be made thin in the state where the flap portions are thus folded. Therefore, even after the absorbent article is further folded for portable use, the entirety can be made thin.
  • Fig. 1 is a top plan view showing a sanitary napkin 1 as an absorbent article according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the sanitary napkin 1 taken along line II - II of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is another cross sectional view of the sanitary napkin 1 taken along line III - III of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sanitary napkin 1 taken along line IV - IV (longitudinally extending centerline O - O) of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 5 is a top plan view showing a state where transversely (laterally) opposed flap portions are folded back against a liquid-receiving side of the sanitary napkin 1.
  • the sanitary napkin 1 shown in Figs. 1 to 5 is to be worn by a female during menstruation while being attached to an inner side of a crotch portion of an undergarment.
  • the sanitary napkin 1 has a generally arcuate front edge 1a and a rear edge 1b which is also arcuate.
  • Right-hand and left-hand side edges 1c and 1d are curved.
  • the distance between the right-hand side edge 1c and the left-hand side edge 1d, i.e., the width (dimension in the X-direction) of the sanitary napkin 1 is larger in a rear portion on the side of the rear edge 1b, which is to be brought into contact mainly with the wearer's buttocks, than in a front portion on the side of the front edge 1a, which is to be brought into contact mainly with the wearer's crotch.
  • the right-hand side edge 1c and the left-hand side edge 1d are protruded laterally (in the X-direction) outwardly in a position offset toward the front edge 1a from a laterally extending centerline of the sanitary napkin 1, thereby forming wing portions 2 and 3.
  • the sanitary napkin 1 comprises a liquid-impermeable backsheet 4 and a liquid-permeable topsheet 5. Between the backsheet 4 and the topsheet 5, there is provided an absorbent storage layer (absorbent core) 6 capable of absorbing a liquid and retaining the absorbed liquid.
  • absorbent storage layer (absorbent core) 6 capable of absorbing a liquid and retaining the absorbed liquid.
  • the backsheet 4 When viewed from above, the backsheet 4 has the same shape and size as the sanitary napkin 1. That is, the periphery of the backsheet 4 extends in agreement with the front edge 1a, the rear edge 1b, the right-hand side edge 1c, the left-hand side edge 1d, and the edges of the wing portions 2 and 3.
  • the absorbent storage layer 6 has a right-hand side edge 6a and a left-hand side edge 6b.
  • the right-hand side edge 6a and the left-hand side edge 6b are in substantially parallel relationship with each other and extend substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the sanitary napkin 1.
  • the front edge 6c of the absorbent storage layer 6 is spaced slightly inwardly apart from the front edge 1a of the sanitary napkin 1
  • the rear edge 6d of the absorbent storage layer 6 is spaced slightly inwardly apart from the rear edge 1b of the sanitary napkin 1.
  • the topsheet 5 covers the surface of the absorbent storage layer 6. Outside the right-hand and left-hand side edges 6a and 6b of the absorbent storage layer 6, the right-hand and left-hand side edges 5a and 5b of the topsheet 5 are bonded to the surface of the backsheet 4 through a hot-melt adhesive.
  • the front edge 5c of the topsheet 5 reaches the front edge 1a of the sanitary napkin 1, so that the topsheet 5 is bonded to the backsheet 4 through the hot-melt adhesive ahead of the front edge 6c of the absorbent storage layer 6.
  • the rear edge 5d of the topsheet 5 reaches the rear edge 1b of the sanitary napkin 1, so that the topsheet 5 is bonded to the backsheet 4 through the hot-melt adhesive behind the rear edge 6d of the absorbent storage layer 6.
  • leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b At transversely opposite positions spaced apart from the longitudinally extending centerline O - O by a predetermined distance, there are provided leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b.
  • the leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b are positioned above the absorbent storage layer 6.
  • the leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b are formed of a right-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 and a left-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8, respectively.
  • the nonhydrophilic sheets 8 and 8 are folded in two at their tops 11a and 11b. The nonhydrophilic sheets 8 and 8 thus folded are bonded onto the topsheet 5 through a hot-melt adhesive at the root ends 12a and 12b of the respective leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b.
  • a plurality of longitudinally extending elastic members 9 are provided inside the folded nonhydrophilic sheet 8. These elastic members 9 are bonded to the nonhydrophilic sheet 8 while being stretched in the longitudinal direction. From the front ends 14a and 14b (see Fig. 1 ) to the front edge 1a of the sanitary napkin 1, the respective nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is further folded upon itself and bonded onto the topsheet 5 as a whole. Likewise, from the rear ends 15a and 15b (see Fig. 1 ) to the rear edge 1b of the sanitary napkin 1, the respective nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is further folded upon itself and bonded onto the topsheet 5 as a whole.
  • the tops 11a and 11b of the leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b are in a free state, to thereby form rising portions 17a and 17b.
  • Elastic contractive forces due to the elastic members 9 act on the rising portions 17a and 17b. More specifically, the elastic contractive forces act on the front ends 14a and 14b and the rear ends 15a and 15b so that the sanitary napkin 1 can be curved in the range of length L1.
  • the tops 11a and 11b of the rising portions 17a and 17b are spaced away from the surface of the sanitary napkin 1, so that the leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b is three-dimensionally raised taking the root ends 12a and 12b as starting points.
  • the right-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is outwardly extended from the root end 12a of the leakage preventing portion 7a to the right-hand side edge 1c of the sanitary napkin 1 and the edge 2a of the wing portion 2.
  • the left-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is also outwardly extended from the root end 12b of the leakage preventing portion 7b to the left-hand side edge 1d of the sanitary napkin 1 and the edge 3a of the wing portion 3.
  • the backsheet 4 and the right-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 are bonded to each other through a hot-melt adhesive outside the right-hand side edge 5a of the topsheet 5.
  • the backsheet 4 and the left-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 are bonded to each other through a hot-melt adhesive outside the left-hand side edge 5b of the topsheet 5.
  • the region outside the right-hand side edge 6a of the absorbent storage layer 6 is designated a flap portion 21, in which the backsheet 4 and the right-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 are mainly bonded to each other.
  • the wing portion 2 is part of the flap portion 21.
  • the region outside the left-hand side edge 6b of the absorbent storage layer 6 is designated a flap portion 22, in which the backsheet 4 and the left-hand nonhydrophilic sheet 8 are mainly bonded to each other.
  • the wing portion 3 is part of the flap portion 22.
  • liquid-receiving region 31 The region between the leakage preventing portions 7a and 7b is designated liquid-receiving region 31.
  • a compressed groove 32 is formed by heating the absorbent storage layer 6 and the topsheet 5 under pressure to be recessed.
  • the compressed groove 32 extends to surround a central region of the liquid-receiving region 31.
  • the region surrounded by the compressed groove 32 is designated raised region 33.
  • the raised region 33 is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the sanitary napkin 1, so that the front end 33a of the raised region 33 is positioned behind the front ends 14a, 14b of the rising portions 17a, 17b of the leakage preventing portions 7a, 7b and the rear end 33b of the raised region 33 is positioned behind the rear ends 15a, 15b of the rising portions 17a, 17b.
  • the front region of the raised region 33 having a length L2 is designated front absorbent region 34
  • the rear region of the raised region 33 having a length L3 is designated rear cushion region 35.
  • the boundary 36 between the front absorbent region 34 and the rear cushion region 35 is not spaced more than 20 mm apart from the transversely extending centerline of the sanitary napkin 1.
  • the front absorbent region 34 the surface of the absorbent storage layer 6 is covered with the liquid-permeable topsheet 5.
  • the front absorbent region 34 is to be brought into contact mainly with the private part of a wearer.
  • a cushion layer 38 is disposed between the absorbent storage layer 6 and the topsheet 5.
  • the cushion layer 38 is formed of a material more flexible than the absorbent storage layer 6.
  • the topsheet 5 has a large number of liquid passages (through-holes) 5e at least in a portion covering the front absorbent region 34 so that a menstrual blood discharged from the private part of a female can be absorbed by the absorbent storage layer 6 through the topsheet 5.
  • the topsheet 5 is shaped to have a corrugated cross-sectional shape, of which hills 5f and valleys 5g are regularly alternated in the transverse direction (X-direction) and continuously extended in the longitudinal direction (Y-direction), as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the cushion layer 38 can deform flexibly.
  • the rear cushion region 35 can deform flexibly and fit into the gluteal fold of a wearer. Accordingly, when the wearer is asleep, for example, a menstrual blood flowing down the gluteal fold can be dammed up by the rear cushion region 35, and such menstrual blood having reached the rear cushion region 35 passes through the corrugated topsheet 5, introduced into the absorbent storage layer 6 through the cushion layer 38, and absorbed by the absorbent storage layer 6.
  • the menstrual blood flowing down the gluteal fold can be prevented from leaking rearwardly out of the rear edge 1b of the sanitary napkin 1.
  • the extension is at least 30%.
  • the extension is expressed by (L1-L0)/L0 x 100 (%), wherein L0 represents a given length (e.g., 50 mm) in the transverse direction before the tensile force is applied to the topsheet 5 and L1 represents a length in the transverse direction when the tensile force is applied to the topsheet 5.
  • the extension is less than 30%, the cushion layer 38 is held down by the topsheet 5 to increase the density of the cushion layer 38, so that the rear cushion region 35 hardly deforms in conformity to the shape of the gluteal fold.
  • the upper limit of the extension will be about 150%.
  • the tensile breaking strength is preferably at least 980.7 mN per 25 mm width. If the tensile breaking strength is much less than 980.7 mN, when a deformation force is applied to the rear cushion region 35, a crack or the like is liable to occur in the topsheet 5.
  • the measurements of the extension and the tensile breaking strength may be carried out using " AUTOGRAPH AGS-1kNG" manufactured by SHIMADZU, Japan.
  • a sheet having the same construction as the portion of the topsheet 5 covering the rear cushion region 35 is cut out into a test sample having a width of 25 mm in a direction along which the hills and valleys are extended (corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the sanitary napkin 1) and a length of 100 mm in a direction along which the hills and valleys are alternated (corresponding to the transverse direction of the sanitary napkin 1).
  • the extension and the tensile breaking strength can be obtained by extending such test sample in the direction along which the hills and valleys are alternated, at a tensile rate of 100 mm/minute with a chuck-to-chuck distance of 50 mm.
  • the following compression properties can be provided to the rear cushion region 35.
  • the properties of the rear cushion region 35 of the sanitary napkin 1 and the compression properties of the cushion layer 38 alone are expressed by values determined by using Automatic Compression Tester " KES FB3-A” manufactured by Kato Tech, Japan.
  • the sanitary napkin 1 or the cushion layer 38 alone is put on the Automatic Compression Tester as a test sample, and then, the sample is pressed with the circular pressure plate having an area of 2 cm 2 .
  • the applied pressure is plotted in ordinate, and the thickness of the test sample is plotted in abscissa.
  • the thickness of the pressed region of the test sample, when an initial pressure of P0 49 Pa (0.5 g/cm 2 ) is applied to the test sample with the pressure plate, is designated initial thickness T0.
  • Tm represents the thickness of the pressed region of the test sample when the maximum compression pressure Pm is applied thereto.
  • the initial thickness T0 of the rear cushion region 35 is at least 10 mm. If the initial thickness T0 is less than 10 mm, when the sanitary napkin 1 is worn by a wearer by attaching the exterior surface of the backsheet 4 to the inner side of a crotch portion of an undergarment through a pressure-sensitive adhesive, the rear cushion region 35 hardly fits into the gluteal fold. It is preferred that a difference between T0 and Tm is at least 3 mm. With the difference between T0 and Tm being at least 3 mm, even if the pressure acting on the rear cushion region 35 from the wearer's body varies during wear, the rear cushion region 35 can be kept fitting into the gluteal fold. Accordingly, it is also preferred that the thickness Tm upon compression is at most 7 mm.
  • the compressive hardness (LC value) of the rear cushion region 35 is in a range of 0.5 to 0.65.
  • the LC value refers to a degree of linearity of the change in thickness versus the change in pressure. For example, if the line of Fig. 6 showing the changes in thickness and pressure is not curved but a straight line of a linear function, the LC value is 1. If the LC value is less than 0.5, the change in thickness versus the change in pressure is much, so that when a pressure from the wearer's body acts on the rear cushion region 35, the cushion layer 38 is easily deformed to cause the rear cushion region 35 to lose shape.
  • the LC value is more than 0.65, on the other hand, the change in thickness versus the change in pressure is little, so that the wearer feels it hardish. In addition, when a pressure from the wearer's body changes, the rear cushion region 35 hardly fits into the gluteal fold.
  • the compressive recovery (RC value) of the rear cushion region 35 refers to a ratio of the energy at the time of recovery indicated at (ii) to the energy of the compression curve indicated at (i) in Fig. 6 .
  • the RC value is at least 35%.
  • the upper limit is 100%.
  • the initial thickness T0' is at least 3 mm
  • the thickness Tm' upon compression is at least 1.5 mm.
  • the compressive hardness (LC value) is at least 0.35 and the compressive recovery (RC value) is at least 30%.
  • the Gurley stiffness at the region having the compressed groove 32 is larger than the Gurley stiffness at the rear cushion region 35. It is preferred that the Gurley stiffness at the region having the compressed groove 32 is 4.9 to 34.3 mN, and the Gurley stiffness at the rear cushion region 35 is 1.96 to 14.7 mN.
  • a compressed sheet laminate having the same construction as the compressed groove 32 and a sheet laminate having the same construction as the rear cushion region 35 of the sanitary napkin are prepared, and then cut into test samples having a size of 51 mm (in a direction corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the sanitary napkin) x 12.7 mm (in a direction corresponding to the transverse direction of the sanitary napkin).
  • the stiffness (mN) can be measured such that the longitudinal end of the test sample is held in a chuck of a Gurley Stiffness Tester (manufactured by YASUDA SEIKI, Japan), and then, the reading is taken on a pendulum as the chuck is swung at a constant speed.
  • This Gurley Stiffness Test is carried out based on JIS-L1018.
  • the front ends 14a, 14b of the rising portion 17a, 17b of the leakage preventing portions 7a, 7b are positioned ahead of the front absorbent region 34 as well as the front end (boundary 36) of the rear cushion region 35.
  • the rear ends 15a, 15b of the rising portion 17a, 17b are positioned ahead of the rear end of the rear cushion region 35 and behind the boundary 36.
  • the elastic contractive forces of the elastic members 9 given to the rising portion 17a, 17b function to bend the sanitary napkin 1 between the front ends 14a, 14b and the rear ends 15a, 15b.
  • the rear ends 15a, 15b are positioned ahead of the rear end of the rear cushion region 35, large bending force does not act on the rear cushion region 35 but mainly acts on the front absorbent region 34. Therefore, the front absorbent region 34 is curved in conformity to the crotch of a wearer to readily fit on the wearer' s private part.
  • the rear cushion region 35 conforms to the buttocks of a wearer without being curved much, so that the rear cushion region 35 can readily fit into the gluteal fold.
  • the sanitary napkin 1 thus constructed is folded and wrapped in a packaging sheet (not shown). Firstly, as shown in Fig. 5 , the rear portion and the wing portion 2 of the flap portion 21 are folded back against the liquid-receiving side of the sanitary napkin 1 at a longitudinally extending fold line 51 provided outside the leakage preventing portion 7a; and the rear portion and the wing portion 3 of the flap portion 22 are folded back against the liquid-receiving side of the sanitary napkin 1 at a longitudinally extending fold line 52 provided outside the leakage preventing portion 7b. The sanitary napkin 1 folded into the state of Fig. 5 is further folded at transversely extending fold lines 53 and 54. Thereafter, the sanitary napkin 1 is wrapped in a packaging sheet.
  • the flap portion 21 and 22 folded at the longitudinally extending fold lines 51 and 52 do not overlap with the raised region 33.
  • transversely opposed portions 32a and 32b of the compressed groove 32 defining the side edges of the front absorbent region 34 of the raised region 33 are curved toward the centerline O - O so that the edges 2a and 3a of the wing portions 2 and 3 folded back against the liquid-receiving side of the sanitary napkin 1 face the curved portions 32a and 32b, thereby preventing the wing portions 2 and 3 from overlapping with the raised region 33.
  • the thickness of the sanitary napkin 1 folded into the state of Fig. 5 is minimized, so that when the sanitary napkin 1 is further folded at the transversely extending fold lines 53 and 54, the entirety can be made thin. Accordingly, the package of the sanitary napkin 1 wrapped in a packaging sheet can be made thin and compact.
  • the topsheet 5 may be formed of a nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric having the liquid passages (through-holes) 5e distributed at least in a portion for covering the front absorbent region 34, or a polyethylene film having such liquid passages distributed over the entirety.
  • the portion of the topsheet 5 covering the rear cushion region 35 is corrugated to have the hills 5f and valleys 5g extending in the longitudinal direction (Y-direction).
  • two rolls having a large number of projecting ribs and recesses on their circumferential surfaces are mated to fit the protrusions into the recesses, and the topsheet is supplied in between the two rolls while heating the roll surfaces to 110 to 120 °C. With such process, the topsheet 5 can be shaped to have the corrugation. With the corrugation, the topsheet 5 is allowed to elastically extend in the transverse direction.
  • the topsheet 5 is formed of a through-air bonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 25 g/m 2 , which is comprised of sheath/core bicomponent synthetic fibers having a fineness of 2.2 dtex and fusion-bonded to each other with heated air, of which the sheath is PE (polyethylene) and the core is PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a stretch spunbonded nonwoven fabric which is elastically extensible in the transverse direction, or an elastomeric resin sheet formed with liquid passages may be used for the topsheet 5.
  • the topsheet 5 is satisfactorily extensible even without forming the corrugation, it is not required to shape it to have such corrugation. Even in such case, however, it is also possible to form the corrugation so as to increase the extension (%) of the topsheet utilizing both the nature of the sheet and the corrugation.
  • the cushion layer 38 is made of a thermoplastic resin to have three-dimensionally elastically deformable framework, as exemplified by a through-air bonded nonwoven fabric, or a foamed resin sheet having interconnected cells passing through it from top to bottom. It should be noted that the cushion layer 38 is treated to be hydrophilic.
  • constituent fibers are thermoplastic and preferably made of at least two kinds of synthetic resins having different melting points.
  • they are sheath/core, side-by-side, or hollow bicomponent fibers of polyolefin resin and polyester resin.
  • the fiber thickness is 10 to 50 ⁇ m and the number of crimp per 25 mm length is 10 to 35.
  • the fibers are treated to be hydrophilic by coating the surface of the fibers with a hydrophilic agent or mixing the fibers with a hydrophilic agent.
  • the through-air bonded nonwoven fabric or the like should be bulky and of low fiber density.
  • the through-air bonded nonwoven fabric or the like is first installed in the form of material roll, and then unwound from the material roll for processing. Therefore, the sheet material is compressed due to the pressure for winding it into the form of material roll. If the compressed sheet material is used as it is, it is impossible to obtain the foregoing compression properties.
  • thermoplastic sheet materials unwound from the material roll for forming the cushion layer is first brought into contact with a heated roll or applied heated air to restore its bulkiness, supplied on the absorbent storage layer 6, and then covered with the topsheet 5.
  • the cushion layer 38 preferably used is a through-air bonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 g/m 2 , which is comprised of sheath/core bicomponent synthetic fibers having a fineness of 4.4 dtex, of which the sheath is PE and the core is PET.
  • the through-air bonded nonwoven fabric after unwound from the material roll, is brought into contact with the surface of a heated roll having a surface temperature of 100 to 130 °C to restore its bulkiness.
  • the basis weight of the cushion layer 38 is preferably 40 to 200 g/m 2 . Therefore, two or more through-air bonded nonwoven fabrics having such basis weight are preferably stacked. Alternatively, the through-air bonded nonwoven fabric having such basis weight is preferably folded in two or more.
  • the backsheet 4 is liquid-impermeable, as exemplified by a resin film made of PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), or a combination of two or more thereof.
  • the resin film may be finely apertured to provide moisture permeability by adding filler or the like and then elongating it.
  • a laminate of resin and paper, a laminate of nonwoven fabric and resin film or the like may be employed.
  • a mixture of crushed pulp and SAP (superabsorbent polymer) wrapped in a liquid-permeable paper or cellulose sheet, cellulose fibers processed with a binder into a sheet form, fluff pulp, air-laid pulp, open-cell type hydrophilic foam, thin paper, spunlaced nonwoven fabric comprising hydrophilic fibers, meltblown nonwoven fabric treated to be hydrophilic, absorbent paper, cotton linter pulp, or combinations thereof may be employed.
  • any other materials may be employed as long as suitable for use as the absorbent layer.
  • the nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is preferably formed of a material which is flexible and through which a liquid never permeates or passes.
  • the nonhydrophilic sheet 8 is formed of a nonwoven fabric comprised of PP fibers or bicomponent fibers of PE/PP, PE/PET, PP/EVA or the like having a fineness of 1.1 to 6.7 dtex.
  • the nonwoven fabric is preferably a nonwoven fabric manufactured by through-air bonding method.
  • a spunbonded nonwoven fabric manufactured by continuously spinning fibers may be employed in place of the through-air bonded nonwoven fabric. It is also possible to employ a sheet formed by laminating PE resin to such through-air bonded or spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
  • the cushion layer 38 is provided in the rear region of the sanitary napkin 1 so that the rear cushion region 35 can fit into the gluteal fold.
  • Sanitary napkins of Examples 1 to 3 having the same construction as that of the sanitary napkin shown in Fig. 1 were prepared by selecting preferred components from Tables 1 to 4.
  • Table 1 shows the constructions and properties of three kinds of components A, B, C for the topsheet;
  • Table 2 shows the constructions and properties of four kinds of components D, E, F, G for the cushion layer;
  • Table 3 shows the constructions and properties of three kinds of components H, I, J for the absorbent storage layer.
  • Table 4 shows the constructions and properties of the sanitary napkins of Examples 1 to 4.
  • Tables 1 to 3 were combined as shown in Table 5 to prepare sanitary napkins of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
  • Table 5 shows the constructions and properties of the sanitary napkins of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
  • Table 5 Com. Ex. 1 Com. Ex. 2 Com. Ex. 3 Construction of Comparative Examples Topsheet A B A Cushion layer Not provided D G Absorbent layer J H I Properties of Comparative Examples Initial thickness (T0) (mm) 12.6 5.2 12.3 Thickness upon compression (Tm) (mm) 9.6 2.8 7.9 Compressive hardness (LC) 0.624 0.412 0.7 Compressive recovery (RC) (%) 29.2 4 33
  • the sanitary napkins of Examples and Comparative Examples were worn and evaluated with respect to fit and foreign body sensation by twenty female monitors.
  • Regarding the fit whether or not the surface of the sanitary napkin was certainly in close contact with the area from the vaginal opening to the gluteal fold, was evaluated.
  • Regarding the foreign body sensation whether or not an unpleasantness was given during wear of the sanitary napkin, was evaluated.
  • the sanitary napkins were evaluated with respect to the fit and foreign body sensation by letting the monitors assign marks according to the following criterion. Table 6 shows the evaluation results which are averages of such marks.
  • the sanitary napkins of Examples were superior in both fit and foreign body sensation to those of Comparative Examples, since the difference between the initial thickness T0 and the thickness Tm upon compression was at least 3 mm, the LC value was in the range of 0.5 to 0.65, and the RC value was at least 35%.
  • the region having the cushion layer can flexibly deform to fit in conformity to the unevenness of the wearer's body.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Article absorbant comportant :
    une feuille de dessus perméable aux liquides formée à partir d'un matériau sélectionné parmi le groupe constitué d'un tissu non tissé contrecollé laissant passer l'air, d'un tissu extensible non tissé encollé au filage et d'une feuille de résine élastomère formée avec des passages pour liquides (5) ;
    une feuille de dessus (4) ;
    une couche de stockage absorbante (6) entre la feuille de dessus et la feuille de base; et
    une couche matelassée (38) entre la feuille de dessus et la couche de stockage absorbante, dans lequel
    quand une force de traction de 490 mN par largeur de 25 mm, dans un sens longitudinal est exercée sur la feuille de dessus dans un sens transversal où la feuille de dessus recouvre la couche matelassée, un allongement de la feuille de dessus est au moins de 30 %,
    quand l'article absorbant est comprimée par le haut dans une région matelassée arrière (35) ayant la couche matelassée, une épaisseur initiale T0 de la région comprimée de l'article absorbant pour une pression de 49 Pa est au moins de 10 mm, une dureté de compression (valeur LC) est de 0,5 à 0,65, et une récupération après compression (valeur RC) est au moins de 35 %, les valeurs de dureté de compression et de récupération après compression étant mesurées par les procédés en référence à la figure 6, et quand Tm représente une épaisseur de la région comprimée de l'article absorbant pour une pression de 4900 Pa, une différence entre l'épaisseur initiale T0 et l'épaisseur Tm est au moins de 3 mm.
  2. Article absorbant selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, quand seule la couche matelassée est comprimée par le haut, une épaisseur initiale T0' de la région comprimée de la couche matelassée pour une pression de 49 Pa est au moins de 3 mm, une épaisseur Tm' de la région comprimée de la couche matelassée pour une pression de 4900 Pa est au plus de 1,5 mm, une dureté de compression (valeur LC) est au moins de 0,35, et une récupération après compression (valeur RC) est au moins de 30 %.
  3. Article absorbant selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel la feuille de dessus a une forme transversale ondulée, dont les sommets (5f) et les creux (5g) s'étendent dans un sens longitudinal de l'article absorbant.
  4. Article absorbant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'article absorbant a une région surélevée (33) dans une région ayant la couche de stockage absorbante, la région surélevée est entourée d'une rainure comprimée (32) et s'étend dans un sens longitudinal de l'article absorbant, et la couche matelassée (38) est mise en oeuvre dans une région arrière de la région surélevée.
  5. Article absorbant selon la revendication 4, dans lequel une rigidité Gurley au niveau d'une région ayant la rainure comprimée est de 4,9 à 34,3 mN, une rigidité Gurley au niveau de la région (35) ayant la couche matelassée est de 1,96 à 14,7 mN, et la rigidité Gurley au niveau de la région ayant la rainure comprimée est supérieure à la rigidité Gurley au niveau de la région ayant la couche matelassée.
  6. Article absorbant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui comporte par ailleurs une paire de parties antifuite (7a, 7b) s'étendant dans un sens longitudinal de l'article absorbant et positionnées au niveau de côtés opposés dans le sens transversal d'une région ayant la couche matelassée, les parties antifuite ayant des organes élastiques (9) destinés à présenter une force de contraction élastique dans le sens longitudinal, dans lequel
    une partie de chaque partie antifuite devant être soumise à une contraction élastique par l'organe élastique a une extrémité avant (14a, 14b) en avant par rapport à une extrémité avant de la couche matelassée et a une extrémité arrière (15a, 15b) en avant par rapport à une extrémité arrière de la couche matelassée.
  7. Article absorbant selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, qui comporte par ailleurs : une paire de parties antifuite (7a, 7b) s'étendant dans un sens longitudinal de l'article absorbant et positionnées au niveau de côtés opposés dans le sens transversal d'une région ayant la couche matelassée ; et des parties de type rabat (21) en dehors des parties antifuite respectives, dans lequel
    une distance entre des parties opposées dans le sens transversal de la rainure comprimée (32) est diminuée de telle manière que, quand les parties de type rabat sont repliées contre un côté récepteur pour liquides de l'article absorbant au niveau de lignes de pliage (51, 52) mises en oeuvre en dehors des parties antifuite respectives, les parties de type rabat ne recouvrent pas la région surélevée (33).
EP02254934A 2001-07-12 2002-07-12 Article absorbant Expired - Lifetime EP1275358B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001212899 2001-07-12
JP2001212899A JP3926587B2 (ja) 2001-07-12 2001-07-12 吸収性物品

Publications (3)

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EP1275358A2 EP1275358A2 (fr) 2003-01-15
EP1275358A3 EP1275358A3 (fr) 2004-05-06
EP1275358B1 true EP1275358B1 (fr) 2009-08-05

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US (1) US7335810B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1275358B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3926587B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100887694B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1331450C (fr)
AT (1) ATE438370T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60233191D1 (fr)
MY (1) MY138155A (fr)
SG (1) SG120072A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW576733B (fr)

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JP2003024372A (ja) 2003-01-28
TW576733B (en) 2004-02-21
EP1275358A3 (fr) 2004-05-06
US7335810B2 (en) 2008-02-26
CN1331450C (zh) 2007-08-15
MY138155A (en) 2009-04-30
JP3926587B2 (ja) 2007-06-06
US20030088222A1 (en) 2003-05-08
ATE438370T1 (de) 2009-08-15
CN1397261A (zh) 2003-02-19
DE60233191D1 (de) 2009-09-17
SG120072A1 (en) 2006-03-28
KR20030007127A (ko) 2003-01-23
EP1275358A2 (fr) 2003-01-15

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