EP1272418B1 - Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1272418B1
EP1272418B1 EP01911324A EP01911324A EP1272418B1 EP 1272418 B1 EP1272418 B1 EP 1272418B1 EP 01911324 A EP01911324 A EP 01911324A EP 01911324 A EP01911324 A EP 01911324A EP 1272418 B1 EP1272418 B1 EP 1272418B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
lift
storage unit
energy storage
mains
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01911324A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1272418A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Eilinger
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Priority to EP01911324A priority Critical patent/EP1272418B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an emergency power supply device of an elevator system with electric motor drive, which has an energy storage unit for electrical energy, which bridges short-term mains voltage drops or interruptions and ensures the execution of an evacuation drive in case of failure of the mains supply during an elevator travel by all the evacuation travel involved electrical components of the elevator system at least as long as supplied with energy until the elevator car has reached a floor level.
  • Passenger and goods lifts are usually driven by electric motors.
  • a rotary motor acts directly or via a transmission gear on a traction sheave, which drives suspension cables, on the one hand carry the car and on the other hand, a balance weight and move.
  • a rotary motor drives a hydraulic pump, which actuates the piston rod (s) of one or more hydraulic cylinders essentially via a hydraulic fluid, which drives the car directly or via cable drives.
  • the car or its balance weight connected by carrying ropes is moved up and down by means of a linear motor.
  • control of the car speed usually takes place via a regulated change in the frequency of the three-phase current supplied to the drive three-phase motor.
  • a part of the elevator systems is equipped with emergency power supply devices. These contain an energy storage unit, with the stored energy of the drive is able to carry the elevator at least to the nearest floor and to keep the elevator relevant systems in operation.
  • Electrochemical batteries have a relatively low power density (about 300 W / kg) and must be sized for the application described in a high-performance elevator so large that its mass reaches several hundred kilograms. In systems where a battery often has to provide such services, its life is drastically reduced.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a device for the emergency power supply of elevator systems of the type described above, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned.
  • this should be able to reliably reliable in case of relatively frequent failures of the power supply and short-term mains voltage waste or interruptions, the required for an uninterrupted drive of the elevator at normal speed to at least the next floor required high electrical power for drive and control to deliver.
  • After use of the emergency power supply device it should be ready for operation again within a few seconds after restoration of the mains supply.
  • Their service life should be a multiple of the service life of electrochemically acting accumulators under the same load conditions.
  • a device for the emergency power supply of elevator systems with electric motor drives to an energy storage unit for electrical energy and is characterized in that this energy storage unit contains capacitors in the form of supercapacitors.
  • a method for emergency power supply of elevator systems with electric motor drives is characterized in that at least part of the emergency power supply energy is stored in storage media in the form of supercapacities.
  • the invention is based on the idea to use novel capacitors, so-called supercapacitors, instead of or in combination with accumulators as energy storage, wherein usually an arrangement of several super capacitors in series connection is used, the total capacity of several farads at voltages of up to several hundred Volt has.
  • supercapacitors are double-layer capacitors whose electrodes are coated with active carbon and therefore have effective surface areas of several thousand square meters per gram of carbon with minimal nanometer spacing separating the two electrodes. These properties result in the extremely high capacity of this commercially available energy storage.
  • an energy storage unit which contains exclusively supercapacities as the storage medium.
  • an energy storage unit which comprises a combination of supercapacities with electrochemically acting Accumulators (secondary elements), since the latter have a higher energy density (Wh / kg) compared to supercapacitors, ie at the same weight have a higher storage capacity.
  • the mentioned conditions of use occur, for example, in elevators, where so-called lobby elevators do not serve a stop over a large number of storey distances, or in elevators in lookout towers which approach only one or two stops at a great height.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in combination with frequency converter-controlled drives.
  • Their frequency converter consists essentially of a mains converter, a DC link with smoothing capacitor, and an inverter with control generator, which inverter feeds the drive motor with varying frequency and thus determines its speed.
  • the DC link is usually equipped with a brake module.
  • the device according to the invention which contains an energy storage unit from supercapacities or from a combination of such with accumulators, picks up energy from the mentioned DC intermediate circuit and outputs it, if necessary, i. H.
  • a regulating and control unit referred to as a power flow regulator, provides for a required adaptation of the DC voltage level between the energy storage unit and the intermediate circuit and regulates the energy exchange between this energy storage unit and the intermediate circuit of the frequency converter.
  • a particular advantage of the combination of the inventive device with a frequency converter as a drive controller results from the fact that the control of the elevator system during normal operation, as well as in emergency operation, can be fed from the DC voltage intermediate circuit of the frequency. This ensures a completely uninterruptible power supply of the elevator control during the transition from normal operation to emergency operation and in addition, the usual power supply for the control can be saved.
  • a single device according to the invention is used as an emergency power supply device for the entire group of elevators, each drive motor being fed by a corresponding inverter from a common DC voltage intermediate circuit. Since on the one hand in a multiple system never all elevator drives are simultaneously in operation and loaded with positive full load and on the other hand, the drive motors of conventional lifts with counterweight when traveling with less than half the payload even in a position to recuperation braking energy in the common DC link, the required capacity of the energy storage unit can be reduced to a fraction of the sum of all capacities that would be required for individual emergency power supplies for all hoists of the group.
  • the energy storage unit and the power flow controller are designed so that the emergency power supply device according to the invention serves not only to carry out an evacuation drive in the event of mains supply failure and bridging mains voltage drops and interruptions, but in the Normal operation causes a reduction of the connection power required for the system. This happens because the energy storage unit absorbs energy during downtime of the elevator and in phases of low drive load and these fed back at peak load and in phases of above average load back into the drive circuit, the energy flow is controlled in both directions by the power flow controller.
  • the emergency power supply device interacts with a frequency converter, by means of which the drive motor is supplied with variable frequency, its energy storage unit is charged in phases of below-average motor load from the DC intermediate circuit of this frequency converter, and in phases of above-average load this energy storage unit feeds a portion of the stored energy back into this DC voltage intermediate circuit ,
  • Fig. 1 schematically the essential components of an elevator drive with frequency converter and an inventive emergency power supply device are shown.
  • Designated at 1 is the frequency converter, which is fed by the mains connection 2 and consists mainly of a mains converter 3, an inverter 4, a DC intermediate circuit 5, a smoothing capacitor 6, a brake module 7 (with braking resistor and brake operating switch) and a motor terminal 8.
  • a three-phase motor 9 is connected as an elevator drive motor.
  • the emergency power supply device is designated 10 and contains on the one hand a supercapacitors 13 existing energy storage unit 11 and on the other hand, a power flow controller 12.
  • Branch lines 17 connect the DC link 5 to the power supply of electrical elevator components 18, which must work for Evakuationsfahrten, such.
  • the power converter 3 of the frequency converter 1 via the power supply 2 AC (three-phase current) from the mains and generates from it direct current, which he feeds into the DC voltage intermediate circuit 5.
  • the inverter 4 takes DC power from this DC voltage intermediate circuit 5 and generates from it, controlled by an integrated control generator, a variable frequency AC (three-phase) as a supply for the AC motor 9.
  • the generated three-phase frequency determines the speed of this motor and thus the driving speed of the elevator, wherein a central Elevator control the control generator of the inverter continuously provides information in a suitable form on the to be generated at a given time driving speed.
  • the smoothing capacitor 6 suppresses ripples and voltage spikes in the DC voltage intermediate circuit 5.
  • the brake module 7 is used to convert the from Three-phase motor 9 during trips with negative engine load generated braking energy into heat, unless the power converter 3 is not provided for the recuperation of this braking energy into the network and designed. In the latter case, the brake module 7 still has the task of ensuring the electrical braking capability of the three-phase motor 9 with defective power converter 3, wherein the brake module 7 is activated as soon as the voltage in the DC intermediate circuit 5 during braking exceeds a defined value.
  • the power flow regulator 12, essentially a commercially available 2-quadrant DC voltage controller for a voltage polarity and two current directions, has the task of controlling the energy flow between the different voltage levels of the DC intermediate circuit 5 and the energy storage unit 11.
  • the energy storage unit is charged via the power flow controller 12 during the entire operational readiness time of the elevator system, with energy surplus in the DC intermediate circuit 5, and on the other hand feeds the stored energy as needed, ie in the case of short-term mains voltage drops or interruptions and in the event of mains supply failure the said DC voltage intermediate circuit 5 back.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows an elevator drive with frequency converter 1, as above Fig. 1 described, and with an inventive emergency power supply device 10, wherein the energy storage unit 11 is constructed from two different storage media.
  • the energy storage unit 11 contains supercapacities 13 with their already described advantageous properties as a storage medium.
  • the energy storage unit 11 can provide sufficient energy for evacuation trips with longer distances, it contains as an additional storage medium batteries 14 (secondary elements), z. B. lead or NI-Cd - accumulators.
  • Such accumulators 14 have in comparison with supercapacitors 13 a much higher energy density (in Wh / kg), ie, with the same weight, an accumulator can store much more energy. However, they do not have the same speed of response in fast-paced, high-power operations, and their lifespan is drastically reduced by frequently occurring operations of this kind, with more meaningful sizing.
  • the more frequently occurring, briefly required power peaks for the bridging of short-term mains voltage drops and interruptions and for short evacuation runs are taken from the supercapacities 13, and for longer-lasting evacuation runs the required energy is drawn from both storage media.
  • the described energy storage unit 11 acts in the same way as in the description Fig. 1 explained, via a power flow controller 12 with the DC intermediate circuit of the frequency converter together, this power flow controller 12 is controlled in the present embodiment of the energy storage unit so that only for prolonged processes energy is drawn from the batteries.
  • the components 18, which must work for Evakuationsfahrten, are also supplied here via the branch lines 17 in any situation without interruption from the DC intermediate circuit 5 with energy.
  • Fig. 3 describes the arrangement of the electrical components of a group of frequency controlled elevator drives, where several three-phase motors 9 are connected via dedicated inverters 4 to a common DC link 16 fed by a single power module 15 during normal operation and mains voltage drops and interruptions as well as complete failure the power supply is powered during the ride of the elevator by a single inventive emergency power supply device 10 with energy.
  • the emergency power supply device 10 also consists of an energy storage unit 11 and a power flow regulator 12, wherein the energy storage unit 11 consists either exclusively of supercapacitors or of a combination of super capacities and accumulators as described above.
  • the power flow controller 12 has the same function as already described.

Landscapes

  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif d'alimentation de secours (10) d'une installation d'ascenseur à entraînement par moteur électrique, qui comporte une unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11) pour de l'énergie électrique qui pallie des baisses ou des coupures temporaires de la tension du réseau et, en cas de panne de l'alimentation par le réseau pendant un trajet de l'ascenseur, garantit un trajet d'évacuation en alimentant en énergie tous les composants électriques de l'installation d'ascenseur qui participent au trajet d'évacuation, au moins jusqu'à ce que la cabine d'ascenseur ait atteint le niveau d'un étage,
    caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11) contient des condensateurs sous forme de supercapacités (13).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11) utilisée comme moyen d'accumulation contient soit uniquement des supercapacités (13), soit une combinaison de supercapacités (13) et d'accumulateurs à action électrochimique (14).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'elle coopère avec un convertisseur de fréquence (1) grâce auquel la vitesse de l'ascenseur est réglée.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que son unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11) est chargée à partir du circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (5) du convertisseur de fréquence (1) et en ce que cette unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11) réinjecte au besoin dans le circuit intermédiaire (5) l'énergie accumulée, un régulateur de flux de puissance (12) monté entre les deux commandant le flux d'énergie entre les différents niveaux de tension du circuit intermédiaire à tension continu (5) et de l'unité d'accumulation d'énergie (11).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'en cas de panne de l'alimentation par le réseau, il alimente en courant de secours, par l'intermédiaire du circuit intermédiaire à tension continue du convertisseur de fréquence, au moins les composants électriques (18) de l'installation d'ascenseur qui doivent fonctionner pour un trajet d'évacuation complet, ces composants (18) étant aussi alimentés, en fonctionnement normal, à partir du circuit intermédiaire à tension continu (5) mentionné.
  6. Procédé pour l'alimentation de secours d'installations d'ascenseur à entraînement par moteur électrique, selon lequel un dispositif d'alimentation en énergie de secours (10), en cas de panne de l'alimentation par le réseau ou de baisses ou de coupures temporaires de la tension du réseau pendant un trajet de l'ascenseur, alimente en énergie au moins les composants (18) de l'installation d'ascenseur qui sont importants pour le trajet d'évacuation, au moins jusqu'à ce que la cabine d'ascenseur ait atteint le niveau d'un étage,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une partie au moins de l'énergie d'alimentation de secours est accumulée dans des moyens d'accumulation sous la forme de supercapacités (13).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'en cas de panne de l'alimentation par le réseau ou de baisses ou de coupures temporaires de la tension du réseau, le dispositif d'alimentation en courant de secours (10) entre en action sans interruption.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un seul dispositif d'alimentation en courant de secours (10) alimente plusieurs ascenseurs.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation en courant de secours (10) est installé de manière stationnaire dans le bâtiment ou de manière mobile sur un véhicule d'ascenseur à entraînements intégrés.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation en courant de secours (10) contient une unité d'accumulation en énergie (11) qui est reliée en permanence au circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (5) d'un convertisseur de fréquence (1), par l'intermédiaire d'un régulateur de flux de puissance (12), et qui est conçue de telle sorte qu'en plus de sa fonction d'accumulateur de courant de secours, elle serve pendant le fonctionnement normal de l'ascenseur à réduire la puissance de raccordement au réseau qui est nécessaire pour l'installation d'ascenseur, en recevant l'énergie du réseau, lors des phases à faible puissance requise par le système d'entraînement, en récupérant de l'énergie lors de freinages, et en envoyant de l'énergie au système d'entraînement en cas de puissance requise élevée.
EP01911324A 2000-03-31 2001-03-21 Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur Expired - Lifetime EP1272418B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01911324A EP1272418B1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2001-03-21 Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00810272 2000-03-31
EP00810272 2000-03-31
PCT/CH2001/000175 WO2001074703A1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2001-03-21 Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur
EP01911324A EP1272418B1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2001-03-21 Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur

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EP1272418A1 EP1272418A1 (fr) 2003-01-08
EP1272418B1 true EP1272418B1 (fr) 2008-11-19

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EP01911324A Expired - Lifetime EP1272418B1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2001-03-21 Dispositif d'alimentation de secours pour installations d'ascenseur

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US (1) US6938733B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1272418B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003529512A (fr)
CN (1) CN1257831C (fr)
AT (1) ATE414667T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001240406A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0109581B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2400762C (fr)
DE (1) DE50114504D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2320094T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1054907B (fr)
IL (2) IL151276A0 (fr)
PT (1) PT1272418E (fr)
WO (1) WO2001074703A1 (fr)

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US20030089556A1 (en) 2003-05-15
BR0109581A (pt) 2003-01-28
CN1419518A (zh) 2003-05-21
ATE414667T1 (de) 2008-12-15
IL151276A0 (en) 2003-04-10
CA2400762C (fr) 2009-05-26
CN1257831C (zh) 2006-05-31
US6938733B2 (en) 2005-09-06
PT1272418E (pt) 2009-01-29
AU2001240406A1 (en) 2001-10-15
WO2001074703A1 (fr) 2001-10-11
ES2320094T3 (es) 2009-05-19
CA2400762A1 (fr) 2001-10-11
JP2003529512A (ja) 2003-10-07
BR0109581B1 (pt) 2012-12-11
HK1054907B (zh) 2009-05-22
EP1272418A1 (fr) 2003-01-08
HK1054907A1 (en) 2003-12-19
DE50114504D1 (de) 2009-01-02
IL151276A (en) 2007-02-11

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