EP1258540B1 - Masque pour placer sur un bloc moteur lors de l'application thermique de revêtement des alésages des cylindres et procédé utilisant ce masque - Google Patents

Masque pour placer sur un bloc moteur lors de l'application thermique de revêtement des alésages des cylindres et procédé utilisant ce masque Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1258540B1
EP1258540B1 EP02405024A EP02405024A EP1258540B1 EP 1258540 B1 EP1258540 B1 EP 1258540B1 EP 02405024 A EP02405024 A EP 02405024A EP 02405024 A EP02405024 A EP 02405024A EP 1258540 B1 EP1258540 B1 EP 1258540B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
masking device
protective masking
coating
mask
protective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02405024A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1258540A1 (fr
Inventor
Ralph Herber
Peter Zürcher
Gérard BARBEZAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Metco AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer Metco AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Metco AG filed Critical Sulzer Metco AG
Publication of EP1258540A1 publication Critical patent/EP1258540A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1258540B1 publication Critical patent/EP1258540B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
    • C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/20—Masking elements, i.e. elements defining uncoated areas on an object to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0636—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies by means of rotatable spray heads or nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mask for placing on an engine block in the thermal coating of cylinder bores embedded therein according to claim 1 and a method for thermal coating of cylinder bores of engine blocks using a mask according to claim 13.
  • the cylinder bores or their walls are provided with a tread layer or it liners are inserted into the cylinder bores, which may also be provided with a tread layer.
  • the application of such tread layers is usually carried out by means of thermal coating methods, in particular rotating Plasmatrons have proven to apply the layer.
  • the problem with the application of such tread layers is u.a. in that the entire tread should be made homogeneous.
  • thermal coating device Since a thermal coating apparatus such as a plasma spraying needs a certain start-up time until a homogeneous coating jet is generated, the thermal coating device must be activated prior to insertion into the cylinder bore, otherwise an irregular initial layer is formed within the cylinder bore. When activating the thermal coating device outside the cylinder bore to be coated, however, there is the danger that machined surfaces of the engine block are undesirably "contaminated" by the coating jet
  • a cover template is known, which is intended to be placed on the cylinder crankshaft housing of an internal combustion engine.
  • This cover template has a plurality of through openings, via which a coating tool can be introduced into the interior of the cylinder crankshaft housing.
  • the cover template is designed so that all other
  • the cover template has an exact flat underside, which is intended to rest on the already flat ground cylinder head surface of the cylinder crankcase. It is understood that such a cover template is expensive to manufacture. In addition, it is not universally applicable, since it must be adapted to the extent of the cylinder crankshaft housing, so that all other areas of the cylinder crankshaft housing are covered. In addition, the underside must be reworked from time to time, so that the flatness is maintained.
  • a mask is known, which is brought from the bottom of an engine block ago to the lower end of the cylinder surface.
  • the mask is formed in two parts, with oblique parting surfaces, so that the two parts against each other shifted through a narrow point of the crankcase can be inserted into the engine block.
  • the interior of the engine block, namely the crankcase to be protected from contamination during thermal coating of the cylinder surfaces.
  • the US Pat. No. 5,573,814 describes an inflatable mask, by means of which contamination of the cylinder crankcase by a coating device can be prevented.
  • the inflatable body is made of fiberglass material and partially coated with silicone, with the geometric shape of the mask varying in an inflated or deflated condition.
  • This inflatable mask can be combined with a flange cuff.
  • the inflatable mask is according to US Pat. No. 5,573,814 reusable by a coating applied on its surface.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a cost-effective, reusable and easy-to-use mask, which allows activation of the thermal coating device outside the cylinder bore to be coated, without the engine block or the environment is contaminated by coating particles, the mask not the entire Cover the top of the engine block and where a high quality of the applied layer is to be ensured.
  • a different approach is chosen in the present case.
  • a hollow cylindrical design and matched to the diameter of the cylinder bore to be coated mask is proposed.
  • Such a trained mask does not cover the entire surface of the engine block to be coated, but only an annular area around the cylinder bore to be coated around. On this circular area around the cylinder bore to be coated, the mask rests on the engine block.
  • Such a hollow cylindrical mask has u.a. the advantage that it is very simple and inexpensive to manufacture and can be achieved on the engine block in the region of the cylinder bore to be coated by the small contact surface safe, gap-free edition of the mask.
  • the height of the mask is selected to be greater than the maximum vertical extent of the coating jet when the coating device is inserted into the mask.
  • the coating head of the coating device can be introduced into the mask in the inactive state and activated therein.
  • the quality of the coating process can be ensured in general since there is no appreciable contamination of the upper side of the engine block by the coating jet, since no coating particles emerge from the mask.
  • a regular coating of the cylinder surface is achieved, since the coating process is started outside the cylinder bore and a continuous layer transition from the mask to the cylinder bore can take place.
  • Claims 11 to 18 also claim methods for thermally coating cylinder bores of engine blocks using masks designed according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 a cross section through an engine block with a first embodiment of a mask according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 a cross section through the engine block with a second embodiment of a mask according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 a cross section through the engine block with a third embodiment of a mask according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 From the FIG. 1 is schematically a shown in cross-section engine block 1 of a series engine, a patch on its top 7 mask 4 and the front part 8 of a coating device can be seen.
  • a coating device for example, a plasma spray gun with a rotating coating head 9 can be provided.
  • the engine block 1 is provided with a plurality of cylinder bores, from which representation only one cylinder bore 2 can be seen.
  • the mask 4 fixed coaxially to the cylinder bore 2 on the upper side of the engine block 1 consists of a tubular outer part 5 and a substantially hollow cylindrical insert 6.
  • the mask 4 and its insert 6 are matched to the diameter of the cylinder bore 2 to be coated. In the present case, the inner diameter of the insert 6 is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylinder bore 2.
  • the insert 6 Since the insert 6 is coated with the inner diameter changes with increasing duration of use; ie the inner diameter of the insert 6 decreases with increasing duration of use. In the present case, this insert 6 is designed as a wear part, which is usually removed after one to ten applications. By providing an insert 6, it is not necessary to replace the entire mask 4, but only the insert 6. This is preferably made from a metallic, ceramic or organic material or a combination thereof. The height of the mask 4 is normally between 20 and 40 mm. It is in any case chosen so that the coating jet 10, as shown, fully impinges on the inside of the mask 4 when the coating head 9 is inserted into the mask 4.
  • the coating head 9 By first introducing the coating head 9 into the mask 4 and only then activating it, it is possible to ensure that no appreciable contamination of the surroundings by coating particles is produced. After the coating device is activated, the head 9 can be slowly retracted into the cylinder bore 2. As a result, the cylinder bore 2 or its walls 3 is coated continuously and there is no irregular initial layer.
  • the insert 6 is preferably inserted loosely in the outer part 5, so that it is movable relative to the outer part 5 in the vertical direction.
  • the insert 6 is provided with a stop in the form of a circumferential shoulder 6a on the top.
  • the insert 6 is preferably formed slightly higher than the outer part 5, so that it rests with the end face on the engine block 1 - and not with the Shoulder 6a on the outer part 5 of the mask - when the mask 6 is placed on the engine block 1. This ensures, on the one hand, a gap-free support of the insert 6 on the engine block 1 and, on the other hand, the insert 6 can be replaced in the simplest manner.
  • the mask can also be adapted very quickly to different bore diameters.
  • the mask 4 can be provided with positioning means for aligning and / or fixing with respect to the engine block 1.
  • positioning means for aligning and / or fixing with respect to the engine block 1.
  • pins or bolts may be provided, which engage in sunken in the engine block 1 holes. Both the positioning means as well as the recessed into the engine block 1 holes are not shown in the present case.
  • the coating is preferably applied by plasma spraying, high-speed flame spraying, arc spraying, flame spraying, inert gas plasma spraying or inert gas arc spraying.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the engine block with a second embodiment of a mask 4a.
  • This is in turn tubular, ie hollow cylindrical, with no use is provided.
  • the mask 4a is designed in such a way that the layers 11, 12 applied on the inside by the coating device can be mechanically removed if necessary, for example by unscrewing. The removal of the layer can also be done by blasting with abrasive powders such as corundum (Al2O3) or silicon carbide (SiC).
  • the inner diameter of the mask 4a is preferably slightly larger than the diameter of the cylinder bore 2, so that the layers 11, 12 are not complete, d. H. must be removed to the inner diameter of the mask 4a, which would hardly be possible anyway without damage or weakening of the mask 4a. With reference to the present example, it would be sufficient if the inner layer 11 were removed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further Austjngs example of the invention.
  • a mask arrangement is provided, which consists of a plurality of masks, which are interconnected by a frame 13.
  • the distance between the individual masks is adapted to the distance between cylinder bores of the engine block.
  • the individual mask 4 or its insert 6 lies substantially only on an annular surface along the cylinder bore 2 to be coated.
  • air is passed through the cylinder bore located in the active coating process during the coating process by the air is sucked off on the underside of the cylinder bore via means not shown.
  • Extraction of the air has the advantage that the coating particles not applied to the wall of the cylinder bore can be reliably removed downwards and can not be deposited on the upper side of the engine block .
  • the content of oxygen bound in the layer can be influenced in a defined manner by means of a targeted air flow.
  • the provision of an inventively designed mask 4, 4a brings with it an advantage in that prevail by acting as an extension of the cylinder bore 2 mask within the cylinder bore 2 more favorable flow conditions than without mask, which in turn manifests itself in a more uniform quality of the applied layer.
  • the two embodiments shown are not to be considered as exhaustive.
  • the distance between the masks is adjusted to the distance between the cylinder bores of the engine block, which are not directly adjacent cylinder bores are coated simultaneously, but in a four-cylinder in-line engine, for example, first the holes 1 and 3 and then the holes 2 and 4.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Masque (4, 4a) pour placer sur un bloc-moteur (1) pendant le revêtement thermique d'alésages de cylindre (2) ménagés dans celui-ci, où le masque (4, 4a) est réalisé en cylindre creux et est adapté au diamètre de l'alésage de cylindre (2) à revêtir, caractérisé en ce que le masque (4, 4a) présente une partie extérieure tubulaire (5) et un insert (6) placé dans celle-ci, où le masque respectivement l'insert (6) est destiné à être appliqué seulement sur une face en forme d'anneau de cercle le long du ou des alésages de cylindre (2) à revêtir.
  2. Masque (4) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (6) fait saillie sur la partie extérieure (5) sur le côté inférieur.
  3. Masque (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (6) est placé lâchement dans la partie extérieure (5) de sorte qu'il est déplaçable dans la direction verticale relativement à la partie extérieure (5), l'insert (6) étant muni d'une butée (6a) qui est destinée à empêcher une chute de l'insert (6) de la partie extérieure (5).
  4. Masque (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (6) présente sur le côté supérieur un épaulement (6a) s'étendant tout autour.
  5. Masque (4) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur du masque (4) est sélectionnée de façon qu'elle soit plus haute que l'extension verticale maximale d'un jet de revêtement (10) lorsqu'une tête de revêtement (9) est insérée dans le masque (4).
  6. Masque (4) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (6) est réalisé en des matériaux métalliques, céramiques ou organiques ou en une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  7. Masque (4a) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé de façon qu'au moins une partie de la ou des couches (11, 12) appliquées lors du revêtement des alésages de cylindre (2) sur le côté intérieur du masque (4a) peut/peuvent être retirées mécaniquement.
  8. Masque (4, 4a) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le masque (4, 4a) a une hauteur entre 10 et 60 mm.
  9. Masque (4, 4a) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est muni de moyens de positionnement pour l'orientation et/ou la fixation relativement au bloc-moteur (1).
  10. Agencement de masques avec au moins deux masques réalisés selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, où l'écart entre les masques est adapté à l'écart entre les alésages des cylindres du bloc-moteur.
  11. Procédé pour le revêtement thermique d'alésages de cylindre (2) de blocs-moteurs (1) en utilisant un masque (4, 4a) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tête de revêtement (9) du dispositif de revêtement thermique (8) est introduite dans le masque (4, 4a), en ce que le jet de revêtement, au premier moment après l'activation, est incident sur tout le pourtour du côté intérieur du masque.
  12. Procédé pour le revêtement thermique d'alésages de cylindres (2) de blocs-moteurs (1) en utilisant un masque (4) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (6) du masque (4), après une jusqu'à dix applications, est remplacé par un nouveau.
  13. Procédé pour le revêtement thermique d'alésages de cylindres (2) de blocs-moteurs (1) en utilisant un masque (4a) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche appliquée respectivement les couches appliquées (11, 12) sur le côté intérieur du masque (4a), après une jusqu'à dix applications, est/sont retirées mécaniquement au moins partiellement.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la couche appliquée respectivement les couches appliquées (11, 12) au côté intérieur du masque (4a) est/sont retirées par projection avec des poudres abrasives, en particulier avec du corindon (Al2O3) ou du carbure de silicium (SiC).
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de revêtement thermique (8) avec une tête de revêtement tournante (9) est utilisé.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisé en ce que l'air est guidé à travers l'alésage de cylindre (2) se trouvant sous l'opération de revêtement active.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 16, caractérisé en ce que de l'azote ou un autre milieu gazeux est guidé à travers l'alésage de cylindre (2) soumis à l'opération de revêtement active.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la ou les couches (11, 12) est/sont appliquées par pulvérisation par plasma, projection à la flamme à haute vitesse, projection à l'arc électrique, projection à la flamme, pulvérisation par plasma de gaz inerte ou projection à l'arc électrique de gaz inerte.
EP02405024A 2001-05-15 2002-01-16 Masque pour placer sur un bloc moteur lors de l'application thermique de revêtement des alésages des cylindres et procédé utilisant ce masque Expired - Lifetime EP1258540B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8982001 2001-05-15
CH8982001 2001-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1258540A1 EP1258540A1 (fr) 2002-11-20
EP1258540B1 true EP1258540B1 (fr) 2012-03-07

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EP02405024A Expired - Lifetime EP1258540B1 (fr) 2001-05-15 2002-01-16 Masque pour placer sur un bloc moteur lors de l'application thermique de revêtement des alésages des cylindres et procédé utilisant ce masque

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20020172769A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1258540B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4230703B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100867241B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE548478T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2373001C (fr)
DE (1) DE20200739U1 (fr)

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DE20200739U1 (de) 2002-03-28
KR100867241B1 (ko) 2008-11-10
CA2373001C (fr) 2010-05-11
US20020172769A1 (en) 2002-11-21
JP2002339053A (ja) 2002-11-27
ATE548478T1 (de) 2012-03-15
EP1258540A1 (fr) 2002-11-20
KR20020087342A (ko) 2002-11-22
CA2373001A1 (fr) 2002-11-15
JP4230703B2 (ja) 2009-02-25

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