EP1237682B1 - Outil a main, notamment tournevis - Google Patents

Outil a main, notamment tournevis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1237682B1
EP1237682B1 EP00989968A EP00989968A EP1237682B1 EP 1237682 B1 EP1237682 B1 EP 1237682B1 EP 00989968 A EP00989968 A EP 00989968A EP 00989968 A EP00989968 A EP 00989968A EP 1237682 B1 EP1237682 B1 EP 1237682B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hand tool
tool according
process according
engagement surface
laser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00989968A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1237682A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Strauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10053078A external-priority patent/DE10053078A1/de
Application filed by Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1237682A1 publication Critical patent/EP1237682A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1237682B1 publication Critical patent/EP1237682B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/001—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit
    • B25B15/002—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit characterised by material used or surface finishing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand tool, in particular a screwing tool and preferably a screwdriver or a wrench and pliers, a clamping tool or a file, with a well-profiled Work surface.
  • the invention further relates to a method for profiling of work surfaces on tools of the aforementioned Art.
  • a generic tool shows the utility model DE 94 00 780.2 U1.
  • the utility model describes one Screwdriver bit for Phillips screws, at which the work surfaces are profiled in a line, taking alternating depressions and elevations form. A channel course with the channel is created flanking ribs.
  • the screwdriver for embossing the ribs.
  • the tool is hardened. The surface influence during hardening works also on the ribs. If the tool is too brittle, with the hard ribs from a hard base body protruding creates an oversized notch effect. This can can only be avoided by having a lower surface hardness established. However, this then leads to relatively soft ribs, which then wear out quickly can.
  • the invention has for its object a generic Tool especially of low brittleness with hard ribs and a process for its manufacture specify.
  • the claim 1 provides that the work surface of the Tool is irradiated with energy Irradiation in such a way that depressions are produced, which have raised edge ribs. Doing so the near-surface area melted with a melt that solidifies at the edge into ribs.
  • the Operation can be done easily after heat treatment
  • the blank is hardened. This will in the heat treatment in a suitable manner to a brought appropriate toughness, so that a low Material brittleness is present.
  • This tough core material is then preferably irradiated with a laser, whereby only in the engraving zones and not in the Local surface hardening occurs between areas.
  • the melt is self-deterrent. accompanying as the material hardens, so does the spatial structure and in particular the topography of the Surface.
  • channel-like depressions arise with ribs.
  • These gutters made of harder Material is made of softer material in an environment embedded.
  • the ribs produced are high Abrasion resistance and can be elastic on the other hand immerse the core material when there is pressure on it Direction of the surface normal is exerted.
  • the invention Method also has the advantage that one in the choice of the geometry of the recesses is almost completely free. Edge ribs are preferred generated which are extra hard. These can be found at Screwing with a screwing tool profiled in this way press the walls of the screw engagement opening so that the tool is stuck in the screw. This Dig the arched ribs into the screw head is particularly pronounced in zinc-plated Screws.
  • the radiation is preferably carried out with a particularly focused laser. Also for filing these profiles are suitable.
  • the laser can be applied directly to the steel body of the tool. It is also conceivable, previously a metal coating, for example to be applied galvanically.
  • the profiling process can also take place in two stages. For example, first the entire surface is roughened by applying a large area become. Then you can use a focused laser beam a linear structure can be applied. The first step can also be omitted.
  • the Applying the linear structures with a focused laser beam goes with the training of Gutters along, bounded by rampart-like edges are. These wall-like edges are above the surface the workpiece contact surface and form a hard and rough workpiece attack profile. It has it turned out that especially when a Metal coating is applied galvanically to the area areas exposed to the laser Compaction of the metal coating is generated.
  • nickel As a metal coating to use.
  • hard material particles in the nickel layer in particular diamond chips are embedded.
  • these diamond splinters are obtained by laser exposure a firmer frame in the metal matrix.
  • the laser is applied with one Intensity and duration that the profile zones so created compared to the non-profiled workpiece engagement surface surrounding it jump back slightly.
  • the Beam direction of the laser generating the profile can be directed perpendicular to the surface. It acute-angled alignment is also possible. This ensures that the edge flanks of the recessed Zones at an acute angle into the workpiece attack surface leak.
  • the focus of the laser beam is writing moving across the surface.
  • This melts the focus is on the steel base material or on the steel base material applied nickel-phosphor coating in some areas. A material conversion takes place instead of.
  • the melted steel material forms a Hard structure.
  • the melted nickel-phosphor layer can be a fusion connection with the Enter the steel body.
  • This type of profiling is particularly advantageous for the work surfaces of screwdriver bits with a cross profile.
  • the Profile lines can run obliquely in the direction of rotation, so that the cam-out effect is counteracted. It finds the tool as it were buried in the Screw opening instead. Furthermore, by the shape the channels avoided that they fill with abrasion. They act as chip channels.
  • the surface becomes particularly focused rays of the tool in the area of the focus of the beam for a short time melted.
  • the melting can be done with light, that is, a laser beam or electron beam or by sputtering.
  • the only local and almost spontaneous melting of the surface has a lot high temperature gradients in the material.
  • the consequence of this is that the melt after lifting the energy supply, for example by moving on of the laser beam, immediately solidified.
  • the at Melting dynamic forces cause the Formation of a flow within the melt the edge of it. This creates running edges Waves.
  • the procedure should be carried out in such a way that the waves get steep slopes as possible, but not break.
  • the energy supply must therefore end abruptly when the waves have their optimal flank shape take in.
  • the melt solidifies immediately. This gives the solidified melt is very hard. This can be greater than 62 HRC. It can be between 64 and 66 HRC lie. Below the tub-like structure, which is about has a thickness of 50 microns, the bulk material left on after the temperature exposure. The Material softens there. The tub made of harder material is therefore embedded in a soft zone. The The hardness of this soft zone increases up to the hardness of the base material on.
  • the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a screwdriver with a handle and one Blade 2.
  • Blade 2 has a working tip at its end 3.
  • This working tip 3 forms a workpiece contact surface 8 out.
  • This has in the embodiment the shape of a cross profile.
  • the application of the metal coating 5, which is applied to the steel core 4 causes a material consolidation.
  • This material consolidation in the area of the material attack profile 6 is with a about a hundred percent increase in surface hardness.
  • the energized zone 6 also gives way slightly compared to the energy-free environment around them Zone back.
  • laser beam exposure creates a melt that traces the laser beam follows.
  • the melt becomes the bulk material very quickly cooled.
  • the solidified channel then has a considerable amount greater hardness than the material surrounding the channel.
  • the focused laser beam is preferably so led and aligned that the melt at your The edges rise like a wall, so the edge ribs have glowed to create.
  • the material for this wave comes from the depression between the waves.
  • the energy is applied with a focused Laser marking as a laser beam source can be a marking laser in particular a diode laser is used, who operated with an increased output power becomes.
  • the steel core 4 carries a metal coating 5, which can be nickel phosphide.
  • the writing laser beam across the surface causes local melting not only of the layer 5, but also the adjacent zone of the steel base body 4.
  • An elongated forms Crater in the form of a groove 9 with two wall-like Edges 10 over the surface of the metal coating 5 protrude. This leads to a roughening of the Surface, being the melted and abrupt cooled material has an increased hardness. It deals is a structureless martensite.
  • FIG. 4 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is in the nickel coating 5 additional Diamond chips 7 introduced, the areas over protrude the surface of the coating.
  • the local Heating by means of a focused laser beam also forms here a linear profile strip 6.
  • This Profile strip 6 forms a groove 9 with edges Waves 10 that protrude above the surface.
  • metallic Material not only melted. It also comes to Evaporation of the same.
  • the energized Diamond chips cause a phase change in some areas by. You can oxidize on the edge like this, that they get a rounded structure.
  • the Diamond splinters 7 'in the area of the profile strip 6 are then no longer protrude above the surface out.
  • Fig. 5 is the steel core 4 uncoated. For example, it became flat loaded with a diode laser. accompanying with this application, melting takes place of the surface area 11. The resulting Bubbles are frozen by the sudden solidification, so that there is a roughening.
  • Fig. 6 is a steel core surface 11 pretreated according to FIG. 5 treated in writing with a focused laser beam Service. In doing so, lines became linear on the surface Structures applied. The surface material of the Steel body 4 was melted in areas and displaced to the edge, so that wall-like structures 10 form the gutter 9 on both sides, which over the Stick out surface 11.
  • 1 and 2 in particular is the preferred one Field of application the working tip of a screwdriver.
  • the linear structures are preferred applied obliquely.
  • the contact surfaces of the screw tip then dig into the screw head. This counteracts the cam-out effect.
  • the grooves tend not to clog with rubbed from the screw head Metal. They act like a chip channel.
  • the entire Blade to be chrome-plated Before treating the work tip, the entire Blade to be chrome-plated.
  • the work tip is through the laser beam treatment in whole or in areas freed from the chrome again, so that the working tip also contrasts in color with the rest of the blade.
  • the shape of the grooves, the direction of the grooves and the Arrangement of the grooves can match the power take-off profile the screwing tool can be adjusted. So they can Grooves form a diamond shape. They can be herringbone run. But you can also cross or run parallel to the direction of extension of the blades. Unlike when embossing surface structures the shape and the course of the grooves are almost none Set limits because there are no demolding problems.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the Invention.
  • the marginal ribs were exhibited Wells are applied using a focused laser beam.
  • the gutter-shaped cross here Wells, so that in the area of the ribs in the Form intersection four elevations.
  • the flank course is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the Flanks of the marginal ribs are relatively steep.
  • the edge ribs arise as a result of the energy supply developing waves. The waves solidify just before they break.
  • the work surface only subjected to a laser beam at certain points, so that there are annular edge ribs.
  • the Hardness is given in Rockwell.
  • the range between 0 and 50 ⁇ m (tub) has a substantially constant Hardness. This area corresponds to the frozen one Melt.
  • the hardness is typically 65 HRC.
  • the range between 50 and 80 ⁇ m is below the tempered tempering zone.
  • the adjoining bulk material has in Embodiment a hardness of 60 HRC. As a result of Tempering in the tempering zone is about 50 HRC increasing to 60 HRC.
  • FIG. 11 it is a screwdriver with a flat Top.
  • a flat zone 15 In the area behind the flat tip 3 forms a flat zone 15, which with profile strips 6 is provided. With this flat zone 15 a machining is done. As a result of this Design can be screwed and with a tool be filed.
  • the Blade has an angular, in particular square, cross-sectional contour.
  • the polygonal surfaces 12 are also here with parallel, oblique to the blade extension direction aligned profile strips. These form a rib structure, so this Flat surfaces can act as files.
  • the top 3 is profiled there with ribs.
  • FIG. 13 it is a file.
  • the file sheet is in profiled in the prescribed manner.
  • the peculiarity of the tool shown there is that the file sheet has an L-shape.
  • the flat cavity surfaces are covered with profile strips 6. additionally there is a narrow surface 15 in the apex, which is also cutting by laser radiation Has received ribbing 6. With this tool it is possible to carry out deburring in one operation.
  • the leaf is with a handle 14 with a handle connected.
  • FIG. 14 shows the tips 16 of a ring saw pliers.
  • the two working tips the pliers are tapered.
  • Parallel to the cone axis is there in particular on the profiling 6 applied on the outside-facing side, with which the work tips are prevented can slide out of the openings of the saw ring.
  • Fig. 16 shows a profiled according to the invention Jaw 17.
  • This jaw can be assigned to a pair of pliers his.
  • the pliers can have two facing each other Have jaws, each with intersecting profile lines are profiled.
  • the cheek can also be assigned to a clamp.
  • the same structure can also have the jaw opening of a wrench.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé de profilage de la surface d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner d'un outil à main, en particulier d'un outil à main de vissage tel qu'un tournevis ou bien une clé plate, une pince, un outil à main de serrage ou une lime, la surface (8) d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner étant irradiée, brièvement sur une grande surface et/ou localement, de façon énergétiquement riche de manière que la zone proche de la surface de la zone irradiée fonde et se solidifie avec effet de choc sur la bordure pour produire une nervure.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'irradiation s'effectue à l'aide d'un rayonnement laser ou d'électrons.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'irradiation au laser s'effectue après durcissement ou trempe de l'outil à main.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé par un rayonnement laser orienté sous un angle aigu sur la surface d'engagement avec une pièce à actionner.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface (8) d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner avant le traitement au laser, est munie d'un revêtement métallique, en particulier est chromée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie est choisie de manière que lors de l'exposition de la surface métallique à un rayonnement laser focalisé, il se forme par une brève mise en fusion et/ou une évaporation du métal, des goulottes (9) en martensite non structurée, la goulotte se trouvant dans la zone de bordure (10) dépassant à la façon d'une paroi la surface non traitée voisine.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que des diamants (7) appliqués sur le corps de base en acier (4) sont partiellement arrondis lors de l'exposition au rayonnement laser.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la puissance du laser et la vitesse de balayage du laser sont déterminées réciproquement, de manière que les ondulations se formant dans la masse fondue et se déplaçant au bord de la zone sollicitée par de l'énergie se solidifient instantanément avant leur rupture.
  9. Outil à main, en particulier un outil de vissage ou une clé plate ainsi qu'une pince, un outil de serrage ou une lime avec une ou plusieurs surfaces d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner, profilées avec des creusements, caractérisé en ce que les creusements sont produits par utilisation d'un rayonnement riche en énergie et présentent des nervures de bordure issues d'une solidification par choc thermique.
  10. Outil à main selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les nervures de bordure (10) s'opposant les unes aux autres sont les bords d'une structure en forme d'auge, d'une épaisseur en particulier de 50 µm, de la masse fondue à solidification instantanée, la structure en forme d'auge étant plus dure que la zone l'entourant de la surface d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner, et en particulier ayant une dureté supérieure à 62 HRC, de préférence de 64 à 66 HRC.
  11. Outil à main selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par une zone de revenue placée au-dessous de la structure du genre d'une auge, ayant en particulier une épaisseur de 30 µm, formée d'un matériau plus tendre dont la dureté augmente avec la profondeur jusqu'à atteindre la dureté du matériau de base, de préférence d'une valeur de 50 HRC à 60 HRC.
  12. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les creusements sont introduits dans un revêtement métallique (5).
  13. Outil à main selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement métallique est une couche de nickel ou de nickel-phosphore ou une couche de chrome appliquée par voie galvanique.
  14. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, caractérisé par des particules (7) de matériau dur introduites dans la couche métallique (5), en particulier des éclats de diamant.
  15. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que des lignes de profil formées par les creusements limités par des parois, comportent sur à peu près la totalité de leur largeur de ligne une dureté superficielle à peu près double de celle des zones non profilées de la surface d'engagement (8).
  16. Outil à main selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les creusements sont des creusements individuels en forme de cratères.
  17. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 9 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'engagement sur une pièce à actionner (8) est la pointe de travail (3) d'une lame (2) d'un outil à main de vissage.
  18. Outil à main selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par une surface voisine de la pointe de travail d'un tournevis, en particulier réalisée sous la forme de surface plane munie de bandes profilées et en particulier la surface plane de l'aplatissement, proche de la pointe d'un tournevis à fente ou bien la surface polygonale d'une lame polygonale (2).
  19. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 9 à 18, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à main est une lime.
  20. Outil à main selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à main est une lime creuse, en particulier avec une surface longitudinale étroite (15) disposée au sommet de la cavité.
EP00989968A 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Outil a main, notamment tournevis Expired - Lifetime EP1237682B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19960657 1999-12-15
DE19960657 1999-12-15
DE10053078 2000-10-26
DE10053078A DE10053078A1 (de) 1999-12-15 2000-10-26 Handwerkzeug, insbesondere Schraubwerkzeug
PCT/EP2000/012430 WO2001043922A1 (fr) 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Outil a main, notamment tournevis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1237682A1 EP1237682A1 (fr) 2002-09-11
EP1237682B1 true EP1237682B1 (fr) 2003-07-09

Family

ID=26007499

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00989968A Expired - Lifetime EP1237682B1 (fr) 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Outil a main, notamment tournevis

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6883405B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1237682B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1214900C (fr)
DE (1) DE20022294U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2197126T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001043922A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006062013A1 (de) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkzeug, insbesondere Schraubwerkzeug
DE102012101761A1 (de) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Knipex-Werk C. Gustav Putsch Kg Werkzeug

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DE20319213U1 (de) * 2003-12-11 2005-04-21 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Schraubendreherbit mit zugehöriger Aufnahmevorrichtung
US20070079674A1 (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Rupp Glenn A Tool For Removal Of Socket Head Screws Having Stripped Heads
USD623036S1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-09-07 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Insert bit
US8418587B2 (en) 2008-11-07 2013-04-16 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
USD711719S1 (en) 2009-11-06 2014-08-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
US8769833B2 (en) 2010-09-10 2014-07-08 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Utility knife blade
US8955418B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2015-02-17 Black & Decker Inc. Threaded fastener driving tool
USD743757S1 (en) 2013-05-09 2015-11-24 Darrell A. Combs Brake pad removal tool
US10022845B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2018-07-17 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
US10005174B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2018-06-26 Shyh-Ming Wang Anti-disengagement structure of a tool head for a fastener
WO2018098700A1 (fr) * 2016-11-30 2018-06-07 杭州巨星工具有限公司 Mèche et procédé de fabrication d'une mèche
US11059162B2 (en) 2017-05-17 2021-07-13 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver
USD855433S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-08-06 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver
US11638987B2 (en) 2017-12-01 2023-05-02 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Wear resistant tool bit
US11342101B2 (en) 2018-07-20 2022-05-24 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Magnetism booster assembly
USD921468S1 (en) 2018-08-10 2021-06-08 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Driver bit
US11413729B2 (en) * 2018-08-20 2022-08-16 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
CN109465494A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-15 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 倒钝工装
CN110144436B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2022-03-01 山东威达机械股份有限公司 夹爪的激光淬火方法
US11541516B2 (en) 2019-09-25 2023-01-03 Snap-On Incorporated Fastener retention and anti-camout tool bit
WO2023034976A1 (fr) * 2021-09-03 2023-03-09 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Outil à pointe gravée et procédé associé

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006062013A1 (de) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkzeug, insbesondere Schraubwerkzeug
DE102012101761A1 (de) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Knipex-Werk C. Gustav Putsch Kg Werkzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6883405B2 (en) 2005-04-26
ES2197126T3 (es) 2004-01-01
CN1424954A (zh) 2003-06-18
WO2001043922A1 (fr) 2001-06-21
EP1237682A1 (fr) 2002-09-11
US20030196527A1 (en) 2003-10-23
DE20022294U1 (de) 2001-07-26
CN1214900C (zh) 2005-08-17

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