EP1237682B1 - Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver - Google Patents

Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1237682B1
EP1237682B1 EP00989968A EP00989968A EP1237682B1 EP 1237682 B1 EP1237682 B1 EP 1237682B1 EP 00989968 A EP00989968 A EP 00989968A EP 00989968 A EP00989968 A EP 00989968A EP 1237682 B1 EP1237682 B1 EP 1237682B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hand tool
tool according
process according
engagement surface
laser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00989968A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1237682A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Strauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10053078A external-priority patent/DE10053078A1/en
Application filed by Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wera Werk Hermann Werner GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1237682A1 publication Critical patent/EP1237682A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1237682B1 publication Critical patent/EP1237682B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/001Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit
    • B25B15/002Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit characterised by material used or surface finishing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand tool, in particular a screwing tool and preferably a screwdriver or a wrench and pliers, a clamping tool or a file, with a well-profiled Work surface.
  • the invention further relates to a method for profiling of work surfaces on tools of the aforementioned Art.
  • a generic tool shows the utility model DE 94 00 780.2 U1.
  • the utility model describes one Screwdriver bit for Phillips screws, at which the work surfaces are profiled in a line, taking alternating depressions and elevations form. A channel course with the channel is created flanking ribs.
  • the screwdriver for embossing the ribs.
  • the tool is hardened. The surface influence during hardening works also on the ribs. If the tool is too brittle, with the hard ribs from a hard base body protruding creates an oversized notch effect. This can can only be avoided by having a lower surface hardness established. However, this then leads to relatively soft ribs, which then wear out quickly can.
  • the invention has for its object a generic Tool especially of low brittleness with hard ribs and a process for its manufacture specify.
  • the claim 1 provides that the work surface of the Tool is irradiated with energy Irradiation in such a way that depressions are produced, which have raised edge ribs. Doing so the near-surface area melted with a melt that solidifies at the edge into ribs.
  • the Operation can be done easily after heat treatment
  • the blank is hardened. This will in the heat treatment in a suitable manner to a brought appropriate toughness, so that a low Material brittleness is present.
  • This tough core material is then preferably irradiated with a laser, whereby only in the engraving zones and not in the Local surface hardening occurs between areas.
  • the melt is self-deterrent. accompanying as the material hardens, so does the spatial structure and in particular the topography of the Surface.
  • channel-like depressions arise with ribs.
  • These gutters made of harder Material is made of softer material in an environment embedded.
  • the ribs produced are high Abrasion resistance and can be elastic on the other hand immerse the core material when there is pressure on it Direction of the surface normal is exerted.
  • the invention Method also has the advantage that one in the choice of the geometry of the recesses is almost completely free. Edge ribs are preferred generated which are extra hard. These can be found at Screwing with a screwing tool profiled in this way press the walls of the screw engagement opening so that the tool is stuck in the screw. This Dig the arched ribs into the screw head is particularly pronounced in zinc-plated Screws.
  • the radiation is preferably carried out with a particularly focused laser. Also for filing these profiles are suitable.
  • the laser can be applied directly to the steel body of the tool. It is also conceivable, previously a metal coating, for example to be applied galvanically.
  • the profiling process can also take place in two stages. For example, first the entire surface is roughened by applying a large area become. Then you can use a focused laser beam a linear structure can be applied. The first step can also be omitted.
  • the Applying the linear structures with a focused laser beam goes with the training of Gutters along, bounded by rampart-like edges are. These wall-like edges are above the surface the workpiece contact surface and form a hard and rough workpiece attack profile. It has it turned out that especially when a Metal coating is applied galvanically to the area areas exposed to the laser Compaction of the metal coating is generated.
  • nickel As a metal coating to use.
  • hard material particles in the nickel layer in particular diamond chips are embedded.
  • these diamond splinters are obtained by laser exposure a firmer frame in the metal matrix.
  • the laser is applied with one Intensity and duration that the profile zones so created compared to the non-profiled workpiece engagement surface surrounding it jump back slightly.
  • the Beam direction of the laser generating the profile can be directed perpendicular to the surface. It acute-angled alignment is also possible. This ensures that the edge flanks of the recessed Zones at an acute angle into the workpiece attack surface leak.
  • the focus of the laser beam is writing moving across the surface.
  • This melts the focus is on the steel base material or on the steel base material applied nickel-phosphor coating in some areas. A material conversion takes place instead of.
  • the melted steel material forms a Hard structure.
  • the melted nickel-phosphor layer can be a fusion connection with the Enter the steel body.
  • This type of profiling is particularly advantageous for the work surfaces of screwdriver bits with a cross profile.
  • the Profile lines can run obliquely in the direction of rotation, so that the cam-out effect is counteracted. It finds the tool as it were buried in the Screw opening instead. Furthermore, by the shape the channels avoided that they fill with abrasion. They act as chip channels.
  • the surface becomes particularly focused rays of the tool in the area of the focus of the beam for a short time melted.
  • the melting can be done with light, that is, a laser beam or electron beam or by sputtering.
  • the only local and almost spontaneous melting of the surface has a lot high temperature gradients in the material.
  • the consequence of this is that the melt after lifting the energy supply, for example by moving on of the laser beam, immediately solidified.
  • the at Melting dynamic forces cause the Formation of a flow within the melt the edge of it. This creates running edges Waves.
  • the procedure should be carried out in such a way that the waves get steep slopes as possible, but not break.
  • the energy supply must therefore end abruptly when the waves have their optimal flank shape take in.
  • the melt solidifies immediately. This gives the solidified melt is very hard. This can be greater than 62 HRC. It can be between 64 and 66 HRC lie. Below the tub-like structure, which is about has a thickness of 50 microns, the bulk material left on after the temperature exposure. The Material softens there. The tub made of harder material is therefore embedded in a soft zone. The The hardness of this soft zone increases up to the hardness of the base material on.
  • the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a screwdriver with a handle and one Blade 2.
  • Blade 2 has a working tip at its end 3.
  • This working tip 3 forms a workpiece contact surface 8 out.
  • This has in the embodiment the shape of a cross profile.
  • the application of the metal coating 5, which is applied to the steel core 4 causes a material consolidation.
  • This material consolidation in the area of the material attack profile 6 is with a about a hundred percent increase in surface hardness.
  • the energized zone 6 also gives way slightly compared to the energy-free environment around them Zone back.
  • laser beam exposure creates a melt that traces the laser beam follows.
  • the melt becomes the bulk material very quickly cooled.
  • the solidified channel then has a considerable amount greater hardness than the material surrounding the channel.
  • the focused laser beam is preferably so led and aligned that the melt at your The edges rise like a wall, so the edge ribs have glowed to create.
  • the material for this wave comes from the depression between the waves.
  • the energy is applied with a focused Laser marking as a laser beam source can be a marking laser in particular a diode laser is used, who operated with an increased output power becomes.
  • the steel core 4 carries a metal coating 5, which can be nickel phosphide.
  • the writing laser beam across the surface causes local melting not only of the layer 5, but also the adjacent zone of the steel base body 4.
  • An elongated forms Crater in the form of a groove 9 with two wall-like Edges 10 over the surface of the metal coating 5 protrude. This leads to a roughening of the Surface, being the melted and abrupt cooled material has an increased hardness. It deals is a structureless martensite.
  • FIG. 4 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is in the nickel coating 5 additional Diamond chips 7 introduced, the areas over protrude the surface of the coating.
  • the local Heating by means of a focused laser beam also forms here a linear profile strip 6.
  • This Profile strip 6 forms a groove 9 with edges Waves 10 that protrude above the surface.
  • metallic Material not only melted. It also comes to Evaporation of the same.
  • the energized Diamond chips cause a phase change in some areas by. You can oxidize on the edge like this, that they get a rounded structure.
  • the Diamond splinters 7 'in the area of the profile strip 6 are then no longer protrude above the surface out.
  • Fig. 5 is the steel core 4 uncoated. For example, it became flat loaded with a diode laser. accompanying with this application, melting takes place of the surface area 11. The resulting Bubbles are frozen by the sudden solidification, so that there is a roughening.
  • Fig. 6 is a steel core surface 11 pretreated according to FIG. 5 treated in writing with a focused laser beam Service. In doing so, lines became linear on the surface Structures applied. The surface material of the Steel body 4 was melted in areas and displaced to the edge, so that wall-like structures 10 form the gutter 9 on both sides, which over the Stick out surface 11.
  • 1 and 2 in particular is the preferred one Field of application the working tip of a screwdriver.
  • the linear structures are preferred applied obliquely.
  • the contact surfaces of the screw tip then dig into the screw head. This counteracts the cam-out effect.
  • the grooves tend not to clog with rubbed from the screw head Metal. They act like a chip channel.
  • the entire Blade to be chrome-plated Before treating the work tip, the entire Blade to be chrome-plated.
  • the work tip is through the laser beam treatment in whole or in areas freed from the chrome again, so that the working tip also contrasts in color with the rest of the blade.
  • the shape of the grooves, the direction of the grooves and the Arrangement of the grooves can match the power take-off profile the screwing tool can be adjusted. So they can Grooves form a diamond shape. They can be herringbone run. But you can also cross or run parallel to the direction of extension of the blades. Unlike when embossing surface structures the shape and the course of the grooves are almost none Set limits because there are no demolding problems.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the Invention.
  • the marginal ribs were exhibited Wells are applied using a focused laser beam.
  • the gutter-shaped cross here Wells, so that in the area of the ribs in the Form intersection four elevations.
  • the flank course is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the Flanks of the marginal ribs are relatively steep.
  • the edge ribs arise as a result of the energy supply developing waves. The waves solidify just before they break.
  • the work surface only subjected to a laser beam at certain points, so that there are annular edge ribs.
  • the Hardness is given in Rockwell.
  • the range between 0 and 50 ⁇ m (tub) has a substantially constant Hardness. This area corresponds to the frozen one Melt.
  • the hardness is typically 65 HRC.
  • the range between 50 and 80 ⁇ m is below the tempered tempering zone.
  • the adjoining bulk material has in Embodiment a hardness of 60 HRC. As a result of Tempering in the tempering zone is about 50 HRC increasing to 60 HRC.
  • FIG. 11 it is a screwdriver with a flat Top.
  • a flat zone 15 In the area behind the flat tip 3 forms a flat zone 15, which with profile strips 6 is provided. With this flat zone 15 a machining is done. As a result of this Design can be screwed and with a tool be filed.
  • the Blade has an angular, in particular square, cross-sectional contour.
  • the polygonal surfaces 12 are also here with parallel, oblique to the blade extension direction aligned profile strips. These form a rib structure, so this Flat surfaces can act as files.
  • the top 3 is profiled there with ribs.
  • FIG. 13 it is a file.
  • the file sheet is in profiled in the prescribed manner.
  • the peculiarity of the tool shown there is that the file sheet has an L-shape.
  • the flat cavity surfaces are covered with profile strips 6. additionally there is a narrow surface 15 in the apex, which is also cutting by laser radiation Has received ribbing 6. With this tool it is possible to carry out deburring in one operation.
  • the leaf is with a handle 14 with a handle connected.
  • FIG. 14 shows the tips 16 of a ring saw pliers.
  • the two working tips the pliers are tapered.
  • Parallel to the cone axis is there in particular on the profiling 6 applied on the outside-facing side, with which the work tips are prevented can slide out of the openings of the saw ring.
  • Fig. 16 shows a profiled according to the invention Jaw 17.
  • This jaw can be assigned to a pair of pliers his.
  • the pliers can have two facing each other Have jaws, each with intersecting profile lines are profiled.
  • the cheek can also be assigned to a clamp.
  • the same structure can also have the jaw opening of a wrench.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Handwerkzeug, insbesondere ein Schraubwerkzeug und bevorzugt einen Schraubendreher oder einen Maulschlüssel sowie eine Zange, ein Spannwerkzeug oder auch eine Feile, mit einer vertiefungsprofilierten Arbeitsfläche.The invention relates to a hand tool, in particular a screwing tool and preferably a screwdriver or a wrench and pliers, a clamping tool or a file, with a well-profiled Work surface.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Profilierung von Arbeitsflächen an Werkzeugen der vorbezeichneten Art.The invention further relates to a method for profiling of work surfaces on tools of the aforementioned Art.

Ein gattungsgemäßes Werkzeug zeigt das Gebrauchsmuster DE 94 00 780.2 U1. Das Gebrauchsmuster beschreibt einen Schraubendrehereinsatz für Kreuzschlitzschrauben, bei dem die Arbeitsflächen linienförmig profiliert werden, wobei sich abwechselnde Vertiefungen und Erhöhungen ausbilden. Es entsteht ein Kanalverlauf mit den Kanal flankierenden Rippen. Bei der Herstellung eines derartigen Schraubendrehereinsatzes erfolgt zunächst das Prägen der Rippen. Danach erfolgt die Härtung des Werkzeuges. Die Oberflächenbeeinflussung beim Härten wirkt sich auch auf die Rippen aus. Bei einem zu spröden Werkzeug, bei dem harte Rippen aus einem harten Basiskörper ausragen entsteht eine übergroße Kerbwirkung. Dies kann nur vermieden werden, in dem man eine geringere Oberflächenhärte einstellt. Dies führt dann allerdings zu relativ weichen Rippen, welche dann auch schnell verschleißen können. Man ist hier einerseits mit dem Problem konfrontiert, daß eine verschleißfeste Rippe mit einer zu großen Sprödigkeit des Werkzeuges einhergeht und andererseits die Vermeidung der Sprödigkeit des gesamten Werkzeuges zu weichen und damit sich abreibenden Rippen führt. A generic tool shows the utility model DE 94 00 780.2 U1. The utility model describes one Screwdriver bit for Phillips screws, at which the work surfaces are profiled in a line, taking alternating depressions and elevations form. A channel course with the channel is created flanking ribs. In the manufacture of such First use the screwdriver for embossing the ribs. Then the tool is hardened. The surface influence during hardening works also on the ribs. If the tool is too brittle, with the hard ribs from a hard base body protruding creates an oversized notch effect. This can can only be avoided by having a lower surface hardness established. However, this then leads to relatively soft ribs, which then wear out quickly can. One is here with the problem faced that with a wear-resistant rib the tool is too brittle and on the other hand avoiding the brittleness of the to give way to the entire tool and thus rub itself off Ribs leads.

Im Stand der Technik werden deshalb auch andere Methoden verwendet, um eine Erhöhung der Oberflächenrauhigkeit an Schraubendrehereinsätzen zu erzielen. Beispielsweise zeigen die DE 40 29 734 A1 und die EP 0 521 256 A2 die Beschichtung der Arbeitsflächen mit Reibstoffteilchen. Eine Kombination von Oberflächenprofilierung mit Beschichtung zeigen die GB 950 544 und DE 197 20 139 C1.Other methods are therefore also used in the prior art used to increase the surface roughness to achieve on screwdriver bits. For example show DE 40 29 734 A1 and EP 0 521 256 A2 the coating of the work surfaces with friction particles. A combination of surface profiling with coating show GB 950 544 and DE 197 20 139 C1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Werkzeug insbesondere von geringer Sprödigkeit mit harten Rippen und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung anzugeben.The invention has for its object a generic Tool especially of low brittleness with hard ribs and a process for its manufacture specify.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die in den Ansprüchen angegebene Erfindung.The task is solved by the in the claims specified invention.

Der Anspruch 1 sieht vor, daß die Arbeitsfläche des Werkzeuges energiebestrahlt wird, dabei erfolgt die Bestrahlung derart, daß Vertiefungen erzeugt werden, welche aufgeworfene Randrippen aufweisen. Dabei wird der oberflächennahe Bereich zum Schmelzen gebracht mit einer am Rand zu Rippen erstarrenden Schmelze. Der Vorgang kann problemlos nach einer Wärmebehandlung bspw. dem Härten des Rohlinges erfolgen. Dieser wird bei der Wärmebehandlung in geeigneter Weise auf eine entsprechende Zähigkeit gebracht, so daß eine geringe Materialsprödigkeit vorhanden ist. Dieses zähe Kernmaterial wird dann bevorzugt mit einem Laser bestrahlt, wobei dabei nur in den Gravurzonen und nicht in den Zwischenbereichen eine lokale Oberflächenhärtung erfolgt. Die Schmelze ist selbstabschreckend. Einhergehend mit der Härtung des Materials ändert sich auch die räumliche Struktur und insbesondere die Topographie der Oberfläche. Es entstehen insbesondere kanalartige Vertiefungen mit Randrippen. Diese Rinnen aus härterem Material sind in einem Umfeld aus weicherem Material eingebettet. Die erzeugten Rippen besitzen eine hohe Abriebsfestigkeit und können andererseits elastisch in das Kernmaterial eintauchen, wenn auf sie ein Druck in Richtung der Flächennormalen ausgeübt wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, daß man in der Wahl der Geometrie der Vertiefungen nahezu völlig frei ist. Bevorzugt werden Randrippen erzeugt, welche extra-hart sind. Diese können sich beim Schrauben mit einem so profilierten Schraubwerkzeug in die Wände der Schraubeingriffsöffnung eindrücken, so daß das Werkzeug in der Schraube festhängt. Dieses Eingraben der gewölbten Rippen in den Schraubenkopf erfolgt besonders ausgeprägt bei mit Zink galvanisierten Schrauben. Bevorzugt erfolgt die Bestrahlung mit einem insbesondere fokussierten Laser. Auch zum Feilen eignen sich diese Profilierungen.The claim 1 provides that the work surface of the Tool is irradiated with energy Irradiation in such a way that depressions are produced, which have raised edge ribs. Doing so the near-surface area melted with a melt that solidifies at the edge into ribs. The Operation can be done easily after heat treatment For example, the blank is hardened. This will in the heat treatment in a suitable manner to a brought appropriate toughness, so that a low Material brittleness is present. This tough core material is then preferably irradiated with a laser, whereby only in the engraving zones and not in the Local surface hardening occurs between areas. The melt is self-deterrent. accompanying as the material hardens, so does the spatial structure and in particular the topography of the Surface. In particular, channel-like depressions arise with ribs. These gutters made of harder Material is made of softer material in an environment embedded. The ribs produced are high Abrasion resistance and can be elastic on the other hand immerse the core material when there is pressure on it Direction of the surface normal is exerted. The invention Method also has the advantage that one in the choice of the geometry of the recesses is almost completely free. Edge ribs are preferred generated which are extra hard. These can be found at Screwing with a screwing tool profiled in this way press the walls of the screw engagement opening so that the tool is stuck in the screw. This Dig the arched ribs into the screw head is particularly pronounced in zinc-plated Screws. The radiation is preferably carried out with a particularly focused laser. Also for filing these profiles are suitable.

Es ist aber auch denkbar, den Laserstrahl aufzuweiten und flächig über die Werkstückangriffsfläche zu streichen. Dabei wird die metallische Oberfläche über den Schmelzpunkt hinaus erhitzt und erkaltet zufolge des hohen Temperaturgradienten schockartig. Einhergehend mit dem Aufschmelzen und Verdampfen des Metalls wird die Oberfläche aufgerauht. Mit dem schlagartigen Einfrieren der durch die hohe Energiebeaufschlagung entstandenen Morphologie erfolgt auch eine Härtung der Oberfläche. Die Härte der durch Laserbestrahlung aufgebrachten Rippen-/Vertiefungsstruktur ist größer als die Materialhärte des umgebenden Bereichs, weshalb diese Strukturen elastisch gelagert sind.However, it is also conceivable to expand the laser beam and to sweep across the workpiece surface. The metallic surface is over the Melting point heated and cooled according to the high temperature gradients. accompanying with the melting and evaporation of the metal the surface roughened. With the sudden freezing the one caused by the high energy load Morphology also involves hardening of the Surface. The hardness of that applied by laser radiation Rib / depression structure is larger than that Material hardness of the surrounding area, which is why this Structures are mounted elastically.

Die Laserbeaufschlagung kann unmittelbar auf den Stahlgrundkörper des Werkzeuges erfolgen. Es ist aber auch denkbar, vorher eine Metallbeschichtung, beispielsweise galvanisch aufzubringen. Der Profilierungsprozeß kann auch zweistufig erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann zunächst durch flächige Beaufschlagung die Gesamtfläche aufgerauht werden. Dann kann mit einem fokussiertem Laserstrahl eine linienförmige Struktur aufgebracht werden. Der erste Schritt kann auch weggelassen werden. Das Aufbringen der linienförmigen Strukturen mit einem fokussiertem Laserstrahl geht mit der Ausbildung von Rinnen einher, die durch wallartige Ränder begrenzt sind. Diese wallartigen Ränder stehen über die Oberfläche der Werkstückangriffsfläche hervor und bilden ein hartes und rauhes Werkstückangriffsprofil aus. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß insbesondere dann, wenn eine Metallbeschichtung galvanisch aufgebracht ist an den mit dem Laser beaufschlagten Flächenbereichen eine Verdichtung der Metallbeschichtung erzeugt wird. Als vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, Nickel als Metallbeschichtung zu verwenden. Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in der Nickelschicht Hartstoffpartikel, insbesondere Diamantsplitter eingebettet sind. Auch diese Diamantsplitter erhalten durch die Laserbeaufschlagung eine festere Fassung in der Metall-Matrix. Die Laserbeaufschlagung erfolgt mit einer derartigen Intensität und Dauer, daß die so erzeugten Profilzonen gegenüber der sie umgebenden nicht profilierten Werkstückangriffsfläche geringfügig zurückspringen. Die Strahlrichtung des die Profilierung erzeugenden Lasers kann dabei senkrecht zur Oberfläche gerichtet sein. Es ist aber auch eine spitzwinklige Ausrichtung möglich. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Randflanken der zurückspringenden Zonen spitzwinklig in die Werkstückangriffsoberfläche auslaufen. Der Fokus des Laserstrahls wird schreibend über die Oberfläche bewegt. Dabei schmilzt im Fokus das Stahlgrundmaterial oder die auf dem Stahlgrundmaterial aufgebrachte Nickel-Phosphor-Beschichtung bereichsweise auf. Es findet eine Materialumwandlung statt. Das aufgeschmolzene Stahlmaterial bildet ein Härtegefüge. Die aufgeschmolzene Nickel-Phosphor-Schicht kann dabei eine Schmelz-Verbindung mit dem Stahlgrundkörper eingehen. Diese Art der Profilierung ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, für die Arbeitsflächen von Schraubendreher-Bits mit einem Kreuzprofil. Die Profillinien können dabei schräg in Drehrichtung verlaufen, so daß dem Cam-Out-Effekt entgegengewirkt wird. Es findet gleichsam ein Eingraben des Werkzeuges in die Schraubenöffnung statt. Ferner wird durch die Gestalt der Rinnen vermieden, daß sich diese mit Abrieb füllen. Sie wirken als Spankanäle.The laser can be applied directly to the steel body of the tool. It is also conceivable, previously a metal coating, for example to be applied galvanically. The profiling process can also take place in two stages. For example, first the entire surface is roughened by applying a large area become. Then you can use a focused laser beam a linear structure can be applied. The first step can also be omitted. The Applying the linear structures with a focused laser beam goes with the training of Gutters along, bounded by rampart-like edges are. These wall-like edges are above the surface the workpiece contact surface and form a hard and rough workpiece attack profile. It has it turned out that especially when a Metal coating is applied galvanically to the area areas exposed to the laser Compaction of the metal coating is generated. As It has turned out to be advantageous to use nickel as a metal coating to use. In particular, it is advantageous if hard material particles in the nickel layer, in particular diamond chips are embedded. Also these diamond splinters are obtained by laser exposure a firmer frame in the metal matrix. The laser is applied with one Intensity and duration that the profile zones so created compared to the non-profiled workpiece engagement surface surrounding it jump back slightly. The Beam direction of the laser generating the profile can be directed perpendicular to the surface. It acute-angled alignment is also possible. This ensures that the edge flanks of the recessed Zones at an acute angle into the workpiece attack surface leak. The focus of the laser beam is writing moving across the surface. This melts the focus is on the steel base material or on the steel base material applied nickel-phosphor coating in some areas. A material conversion takes place instead of. The melted steel material forms a Hard structure. The melted nickel-phosphor layer can be a fusion connection with the Enter the steel body. This type of profiling is particularly advantageous for the work surfaces of screwdriver bits with a cross profile. The Profile lines can run obliquely in the direction of rotation, so that the cam-out effect is counteracted. It finds the tool as it were buried in the Screw opening instead. Furthermore, by the shape the channels avoided that they fill with abrasion. They act as chip channels.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anwendung von energiereichen, insbesondere fokussierten Strahlen wird die Oberfläche des Werkzeuges im Bereich des Fokus des Strahles kurzzeitig aufgeschmolzen. Das Aufschmelzen kann mit Licht, also einem Laserstrahl oder auch mit Elektronenstrahlern oder durch Sputtern erfolgen. Das nur lokale und nahezu spontane Aufschmelzen der Oberfläche hat sehr hohe Temperaturgradienten im Werkstoff zur Folge. Die Konsequenz davon ist, daß die Schmelze nach Aufhebung der Energiezufuhr, also durch Weiterbewegen beispielsweise des Laserstrahles, sofort erstarrt. Die beim Aufschmelzen wirkenden dynamischen Kräfte bewirken die Ausbildung einer Strömung innerhalb der Schmelze zu deren Rand hin. Hierdurch entstehen zum Rand hin laufende Wellen. Das Verfahren sollte so geführt werden, daß die Wellen zwar möglichst steile Flanken bekommen, aber nicht brechen. Die Energiebeaufschlagung muß deshalb abrupt enden, wenn die Wellen ihre optimale Flankenform einnehmen. Bei Beendigung der nur kurzzeitigen Energiezufuhr erstarrt die Schmelze sofort. Hierdurch erhält die erstarrte Schmelze eine große Härte. Diese kann größer als 62 HRC sein. Sie kann zwischen 64 und 66 HRC liegen. Unterhalb der wannenartigen Struktur, die etwa eine Dicke von 50 µm besitzt, wird das Volumenmaterial zufolge der Temperaturbeaufschlagung angelassen. Der Werkstoff erweicht dort. Die Wanne aus härterem Material liegt deshalb in einer Weichzone eingebettet. Die Härte dieser Weichzone steigt bis zur Härte des Grundmaterials an.When using high-energy, the surface becomes particularly focused rays of the tool in the area of the focus of the beam for a short time melted. The melting can be done with light, that is, a laser beam or electron beam or by sputtering. The only local and almost spontaneous melting of the surface has a lot high temperature gradients in the material. The The consequence of this is that the melt after lifting the energy supply, for example by moving on of the laser beam, immediately solidified. The at Melting dynamic forces cause the Formation of a flow within the melt the edge of it. This creates running edges Waves. The procedure should be carried out in such a way that the waves get steep slopes as possible, but not break. The energy supply must therefore end abruptly when the waves have their optimal flank shape take in. When the short-term energy supply ends the melt solidifies immediately. This gives the solidified melt is very hard. This can be greater than 62 HRC. It can be between 64 and 66 HRC lie. Below the tub-like structure, which is about has a thickness of 50 microns, the bulk material left on after the temperature exposure. The Material softens there. The tub made of harder material is therefore embedded in a soft zone. The The hardness of this soft zone increases up to the hardness of the base material on.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand beigefügter Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schraubendreher mit laserprofilierter Arbeitsspitze,
Fig. 2
die Arbeitsspitze,
Fig. 3
einen Ausschnitt aus der Werkstückangriffsfläche,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels,
Fig. 5
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in einer perspektivischen Detaildarstellung einer aufgerauten Oberfläche,
Fig. 6
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 5 nach Profilierung,
Fig. 7
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung bei der die Arbeitsfläche sich kreuzende wannenförmige Rinnen ausbildet,
Fig. 8
einen Querschnitt einer wannenförmigen Rinne,
Fig. 9
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, in welcher die Vertiefungen die Form von Kratern aufweisen,
Fig. 10
schematisch einen typischen Härteverlauf einer 50 µm dicken erstarrten Schmelze und einer sich daran anschließenden 30 µm dicken Anlaßzone,
Fig. 11
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei das Werkzeug ein Schraubendreher mit flacher Klinge ist,
Fig. 12
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei das Schraubwerkzeug ebenfalls ein Schraubendreher ist, wobei allerdings die Klinge mehrkantig ist und die Mehrkantflächen laserstrahlprofiliert sind,
Fig. 13
ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem das Werkzeug eine Feile ist,
Fig. 14
die Arbeitsspitzen einer Sägeringzange,
Fig. 15
modifiziert gestaltete Arbeitsspitzen einer Sägeringzange und
Fig. 16
schematisch eine gemäß der Erfindung vertiefungsprofilierte Backe beispielsweise einer Zange, eines Spannwerkzeuges oder eines Maulschlüssels.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a screwdriver with laser-profiled working tip,
Fig. 2
the top of the work,
Fig. 3
a section of the workpiece contact surface,
Fig. 4
3 shows a representation of a second exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 5
3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the invention in a perspective detailed illustration of a roughened surface,
Fig. 6
5 after profiling,
Fig. 7
an embodiment of the invention in which the work surface forms trough-shaped channels,
Fig. 8
a cross section of a trough-shaped channel,
Fig. 9
another embodiment of the invention, in which the depressions have the shape of craters,
Fig. 10
schematically a typical hardness curve of a 50 µm thick solidified melt and a subsequent 30 µm thick tempering zone,
Fig. 11
a further embodiment of the invention, the tool being a screwdriver with a flat blade,
Fig. 12
a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the screwing tool also being a screwdriver, although the blade is polygonal and the polygonal surfaces are laser beam profiled,
Fig. 13
an embodiment in which the tool is a file,
Fig. 14
the working tips of a ring saw pliers,
Fig. 15
modified working tips of a saw ring pliers and
Fig. 16
schematically a well-profiled jaw according to the invention, for example, a pair of pliers, a clamping tool or a wrench.

Das in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Schraubendreher mit einem Griff und einer Klinge 2. Die Klinge 2 besitzt an ihrem Ende eine Arbeitsspitze 3. Diese Arbeitsspitze 3 bildet eine Werkstückangriffsfläche 8 aus. Diese besitzt im Ausführungsbeispiel die Form eines Kreuzprofils. Durch mehrmaliges, paralleles Überfahren dieser Werkstückangriffsfläche 8 mit einem Laserstrahl werden eine Vielzahl parallel zueinander verlaufende, linienförmige Profilstreifen 6 erzeugt. Die Beaufschlagung der Metallbeschichtung 5, die auf den Stahlkern 4 aufgebracht ist, bewirkt eine Werkstoffverfestigung. Diese Werkstoffverfestigung im Bereich des Werkstoffangriffsprofils 6 ist mit einer etwa hundertprozentigen Oberflächenhärtezunahme verbunden. Die energiebeaufschlagte Zone 6 weicht auch geringfügig gegenüber der sie umgebenden nicht energiebeaufschlagten Zone zurück. Durch die Laserstrahlbeaufschlagung entsteht eine Schmelze, die der Spur der Laserstrahles folgt. Wegen des sehr hohen Temperaturgradienten zum Volumenmaterial wird die Schmelze sehr schnell abgekühlt. Die erstarrte Rinne besitzt dann eine erheblich größere Härte als das die Rinne umgebende Material. Der fokussierte Laserstrahl wird vorzugsweise so geführt und ausgerichtet, daß die Schmelze an Ihren Rändern wallartig ansteigt, um so aufgeglühte Randrippen zu erzeugen. Das Material für diese Welle entstammt der zwischen den Wellen liegenden Vertiefung. Bevorzugt entstehen die Randrippen durch eine thermo-dynamisch-indizierte Fließbewegung in der Schmelze, derart, daß das Material vom Zentrum der Schmelze zum Rand hin wegströmt, um dort zu erstarren.The embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a screwdriver with a handle and one Blade 2. Blade 2 has a working tip at its end 3. This working tip 3 forms a workpiece contact surface 8 out. This has in the embodiment the shape of a cross profile. By repeated parallel driving over this workpiece contact surface 8 with a laser beam, a lot are parallel mutually extending, linear profile strips 6 generated. The application of the metal coating 5, which is applied to the steel core 4, causes a material consolidation. This material consolidation in the area of the material attack profile 6 is with a about a hundred percent increase in surface hardness. The energized zone 6 also gives way slightly compared to the energy-free environment around them Zone back. By laser beam exposure creates a melt that traces the laser beam follows. Because of the very high temperature gradient the melt becomes the bulk material very quickly cooled. The solidified channel then has a considerable amount greater hardness than the material surrounding the channel. The focused laser beam is preferably so led and aligned that the melt at your The edges rise like a wall, so the edge ribs have glowed to create. The material for this wave comes from the depression between the waves. Prefers the ribs are created by a thermo-dynamic-indexed Flow movement in the melt, such that the Material flows away from the center of the melt towards the edge, to freeze there.

Die Energiebeaufschlagung erfolgt mit einem fokussiertem Laserstrahl als Laserstrahlquelle kann ein Beschriftungslaser verwendet werden insbesondere ein Diodenlaser, der mit einer erhöhten Ausgangsleistung betrieben wird. Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel trägt der Stahlkern 4 eine Metallbeschichtung 5, bei der es sich um Nickelphosphid handeln kann. Der schreibend über die Oberfläche geführte Laserstrahl bewirkt ein lokales Aufschmelzen nicht nur der Schicht 5, sondern auch der daran angrenzenden Zone des Stahlgrundkörpers 4. Danach erfolgt eine schlagartige Erstarrung der Schmelze. Dabei bildet sich ein länglicher Krater aus in Form einer Rinne 9 mit zwei wallartigen Rändern 10, die über die Oberfläche der Metallbeschichtung 5 hinausragen. Dies führt zu einer Aufrauhung der Oberfläche, wobei das aufgeschmolzene und schlagartig erkaltete Material eine erhöhte Härte besitzt. Es handelt sich um ein strukturloses Martensit.The energy is applied with a focused Laser marking as a laser beam source can be a marking laser in particular a diode laser is used, who operated with an increased output power becomes. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 the steel core 4 carries a metal coating 5, which can be nickel phosphide. The writing laser beam across the surface causes local melting not only of the layer 5, but also the adjacent zone of the steel base body 4. Then there is a sudden solidification the melt. An elongated forms Crater in the form of a groove 9 with two wall-like Edges 10 over the surface of the metal coating 5 protrude. This leads to a roughening of the Surface, being the melted and abrupt cooled material has an increased hardness. It deals is a structureless martensite.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel, welches in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, sind in der Nickelbeschichtung 5 zusätzlich Diamantsplitter 7 eingebracht, die bereichsweise über die Oberfläche der Beschichtung hinausragen. Die lokale Erwärmung mittels fokussiertem Laserstrahl bildet auch hier einen linienförmigen Profilstreifen 6 aus. Dieser Profilstreifen 6 bildet einen Rinne 9 mit randseitigen Wellen 10, die über die Oberfläche hinausragen. Bei der lokalen Energiebeaufschlagung wird der metallische Werkstoff nicht nur aufgeschmolzen. Es kommt auch zur Verdampfung desselben. Die dabei energiebeaufschlagten Diamantsplitter machen dabei bereichsweise eine Phasenumwandlung durch. Sie können am Rand derartig oxydieren, daß sie eine gerundete Struktur bekommen. Die Diamantsplitter 7', die im Bereich des Profilstreifens 6 liegen ragen dann nicht mehr über die Oberfläche hinaus. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is in the nickel coating 5 additional Diamond chips 7 introduced, the areas over protrude the surface of the coating. The local Heating by means of a focused laser beam also forms here a linear profile strip 6. This Profile strip 6 forms a groove 9 with edges Waves 10 that protrude above the surface. In the local energy supply becomes metallic Material not only melted. It also comes to Evaporation of the same. The energized Diamond chips cause a phase change in some areas by. You can oxidize on the edge like this, that they get a rounded structure. The Diamond splinters 7 'in the area of the profile strip 6 are then no longer protrude above the surface out.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Stahlkern 4 unbeschichtet. Er wurde flächig beispielsweise mit einem Diodenlaser beaufschlagt. Einhergehend mit dieser Beaufschlagung erfolgt eine Aufschmelzung des Oberflächenbereichs 11. Die dabei entstehenden Blasen werden durch das schlagartige Erstarren eingefroren, so daß sich eine Aufrauhung ergibt.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is the steel core 4 uncoated. For example, it became flat loaded with a diode laser. accompanying with this application, melting takes place of the surface area 11. The resulting Bubbles are frozen by the sudden solidification, so that there is a roughening.

Bei dem in Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine gemäß Fig. 5 vorbehandelte Stahlkernoberfläche 11 mit einem fokussiertem Laserstrahl schreibend behandelt worden. Dabei wurden auf die Oberfläche linienförmige Strukturen aufgebracht. Das Oberflächenmaterial des Stahlkörpers 4 wurde bereichsweise aufgeschmolzen und zum Rand hin verdrängt, so daß sich wallartige Strukturen 10 beidseitig der Rinne 9 ausbilden, die über die Oberfläche 11 hinausragen.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is a steel core surface 11 pretreated according to FIG. 5 treated in writing with a focused laser beam Service. In doing so, lines became linear on the surface Structures applied. The surface material of the Steel body 4 was melted in areas and displaced to the edge, so that wall-like structures 10 form the gutter 9 on both sides, which over the Stick out surface 11.

Wie insbesondere die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ist das bevorzugte Anwendungsgebiet die Arbeitsspitze eines Schraubendrehers. Bevorzugt werden die linienförmigen Strukturen schräg aufgebracht. Die Angriffsflächen der Schraubspitze graben sich dann in den Schraubkopf hinein. Dies wirkt dem Cam-Out-Effekt entgegen. Die Rillen neigen nicht zum Verstopfen mit aus dem Schraubkopf abgeriebenen Metall. Sie wirken ähnlich einem Spankanal.1 and 2 in particular is the preferred one Field of application the working tip of a screwdriver. The linear structures are preferred applied obliquely. The contact surfaces of the screw tip then dig into the screw head. This counteracts the cam-out effect. The grooves tend not to clog with rubbed from the screw head Metal. They act like a chip channel.

Es wird als besonders vorteilhaft angesehen, daß mit der lokalen Härtung der Oberfläche eine lokale Aufrauhung einhergeht.It is considered particularly advantageous that with local roughening of the surface accompanied.

Vor dem Behandeln der Arbeitsspitze kann die gesamte Klinge verchromt werden. Die Arbeitsspitze wird durch die Laserstrahl-Behandlung ganz oder bereichsweise wieder vom Chrom befreit, so daß sich die Arbeitsspitze auch farblich gegenüber dem Rest der Klinge absetzt.Before treating the work tip, the entire Blade to be chrome-plated. The work tip is through the laser beam treatment in whole or in areas freed from the chrome again, so that the working tip also contrasts in color with the rest of the blade.

Die Form der Rillen, die Richtung der Rillen und die Anordnung der Rillen können an das Kraftabtriebsprofil des Schraubwerkzeuges angepaßt werden. So können die Rillen eine Rautenform ausbilden. Sie können fischgrätartig verlaufen. Sie können aber auch quer oder parallel zur Erstreckungsrichtung der Klingen verlaufen. Anders als beim Prägen von Oberflächenstrukturen sind der Form und dem Verlauf der Rillen nahezu keine Grenzen gesetzt, da es keine Entformungsprobleme gibt.The shape of the grooves, the direction of the grooves and the Arrangement of the grooves can match the power take-off profile the screwing tool can be adjusted. So they can Grooves form a diamond shape. They can be herringbone run. But you can also cross or run parallel to the direction of extension of the blades. Unlike when embossing surface structures the shape and the course of the grooves are almost none Set limits because there are no demolding problems.

Der geringfügige Überstand, den der wallartige Rand der Rille gegenüber der Werkstückangriffsoberfläche besitzt, bewirkt auch einen Hafteffekt des Schraubwerkzeuges in der Schraubenöffnung, da zufolge dieses Walles ein gewisses Übermaß erzielt ist. Eine auf das Schraubwerkzeug aufgesteckte Schraube kann dort ohne zusätzliche Kräfte, wie beispielsweise Magnetkräfte oder dergleichen gehalten sein.The slight protrusion that the wall - like edge of the Has a groove in relation to the workpiece engagement surface, also causes an adhesive effect of the screwing tool in the screw opening because of this wall a certain excess has been achieved. One on the screwing tool attached screw can be there without additional Forces such as magnetic forces or the like be kept.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Auch hier wurden die Randrippen aufweisenden Vertiefungen mittels fokussiertem Laserstrahl aufgebracht. Allerdings kreuzen sich hier die rinnenförmigen Vertiefungen, so daß sich im Bereich der Randrippen im Kreuzungspunkt vier Erhöhungen ausbilden.7 shows a further embodiment of the Invention. Here too, the marginal ribs were exhibited Wells are applied using a focused laser beam. However, the gutter-shaped cross here Wells, so that in the area of the ribs in the Form intersection four elevations.

Der Flankenverlauf wird in der Fig. 8 dargestellt. Die Flanken der Randrippen sind relativ steil. Die Randrippen entstehen als Folge sich bei der Energiezufuhr entwickelnden Wellen. Das Erstarren der Wellen erfolgt kurz bevor sie brechen. The flank course is shown in FIG. 8. The Flanks of the marginal ribs are relatively steep. The edge ribs arise as a result of the energy supply developing waves. The waves solidify just before they break.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 9 wird die Arbeitsoberfläche nur punktweise mit einem Laserstrahl beaufschlagt, so daß sich ringförmige Randrippen ergeben.In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the work surface only subjected to a laser beam at certain points, so that there are annular edge ribs.

Die Fig. 10 zeigt einen typischen Härteverlauf. Die Härte ist in Rockwell angegeben. Der Bereich zwischen 0 und 50 µm (Wanne) besitzt eine wesentlich gleichbleibende Härte. Dieser Bereich entspricht der erstarrten Schmelze. Hier liegt die Härte typischerweise bei 65 HRC. Der Bereich zwischen 50 und 80 µm ist die unterhalb der erstarrten Schmelze liegende Anlaßzone. Das sich daran anschließende Volumenmaterial besitzt im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Härte von 60 HRC. Zufolge des Anlassens verläuft die Härte in der Anlaßzone von etwa 50 HRC ansteigend bis auf 60 HRC.10 shows a typical hardness curve. The Hardness is given in Rockwell. The range between 0 and 50 µm (tub) has a substantially constant Hardness. This area corresponds to the frozen one Melt. Here the hardness is typically 65 HRC. The range between 50 and 80 µm is below the tempered tempering zone. The adjoining bulk material has in Embodiment a hardness of 60 HRC. As a result of Tempering in the tempering zone is about 50 HRC increasing to 60 HRC.

Bei dem in Fig. 11 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um einen Schraubendreher mit einer flachen Spitze. Im Bereich hinter der flachen Spitze 3 bildet sich eine Flachzone 15 aus, die mit Profilstreifen 6 versehen ist. Mit dieser Flachzone 15 kann eine spanabhebende Bearbeitung erfolgen. Zufolge dieser Ausgestaltung kann mit einem Werkzeug geschraubt und gefeilt werden.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 it is a screwdriver with a flat Top. In the area behind the flat tip 3 forms a flat zone 15, which with profile strips 6 is provided. With this flat zone 15 a machining is done. As a result of this Design can be screwed and with a tool be filed.

Eine gleiche Bearbeitung ist mit dem in Fig. 12 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel möglich. Hier besitzt die Klinge eine kantige, insbesondere vierkantige Querschnittskontur. Die Mehrkantflächen 12 sind auch hier mit parallel verlaufenden, schräg zur Klingenerstreckungsrichtung ausgerichteten Profilstreifen versehen. Diese bilden eine Rippenstruktur aus, so dass diese Planflächen als Feilen wirken können. Die Spitze 3 ist dort mit Rippen profiliert. The same processing is the same as that shown in FIG. 12 Embodiment possible. Here the Blade has an angular, in particular square, cross-sectional contour. The polygonal surfaces 12 are also here with parallel, oblique to the blade extension direction aligned profile strips. These form a rib structure, so this Flat surfaces can act as files. The top 3 is profiled there with ribs.

Bei dem in Fig. 13 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine Feile. Das Feilenblatt ist in der vorgeschriebenen Weise profiliert. Die Besonderheit des dort dargestellten Werkzeuges besteht darin, dass das Feilenblatt eine L-Form besitzt. Die ebenen Höhlungsflächen sind mit Profilstreifen 6 belegt. Zusätzlich befindet sich im Scheitel eine Schmalfläche 15, die ebenfalls durch Laserbestrahlung eine spanabhebende Rippung 6 erhalten hat. Mit diesem Werkzeug ist es möglich, Entgratungen in einem Arbeitsgang durchzuführen. Das Blatt ist mit einem Stiel 14 mit einem Griff verbunden.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 it is a file. The file sheet is in profiled in the prescribed manner. The peculiarity of the tool shown there is that the file sheet has an L-shape. The flat cavity surfaces are covered with profile strips 6. additionally there is a narrow surface 15 in the apex, which is also cutting by laser radiation Has received ribbing 6. With this tool it is possible to carry out deburring in one operation. The leaf is with a handle 14 with a handle connected.

Das in der Fig. 14 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt die Spitzen 16 einer Sägeringzange. Die beiden Arbeitsspitzen der Zangen verlaufen konusförmig. Parallel zu der Konusachse ist dort insbesondere auf der nach außen weisenden Seite eine Profilierung 6 aufgebracht, mit welcher verhindert wird, dass die Arbeitsspitzen aus den Öffnungen des Sägerings herausgleiten können.The embodiment shown in FIG. 14 shows the tips 16 of a ring saw pliers. The two working tips the pliers are tapered. Parallel to the cone axis is there in particular on the profiling 6 applied on the outside-facing side, with which the work tips are prevented can slide out of the openings of the saw ring.

Die Fig. 15 zeigt eine Modifikation. Dort sind die Profilierungen 6 im axialen Abstand zueinander als umlaufende Ringe gestaltet.15 shows a modification. There they are Profilings 6 in the axial distance from each other as circumferential rings designed.

Die Fig. 16 zeigt eine entsprechend der Erfindung profilierte Backe 17. Diese Backe kann einer Zange zugeordnet sein. Die Zange kann zwei aufeinander zugerichtete Backen aufweisen, die jeweils mit sich kreuzenden Profillinien profiliert sind. Die Backe kann aber auch einer Spannzwinge zugeordnet sein. Die gleiche Struktur kann auch die Maul-Öffnung eines Maulschlüssels aufweisen. Fig. 16 shows a profiled according to the invention Jaw 17. This jaw can be assigned to a pair of pliers his. The pliers can have two facing each other Have jaws, each with intersecting profile lines are profiled. But the cheek can also be assigned to a clamp. The same structure can also have the jaw opening of a wrench.

Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass eine derartige Backe an einem verstellbaren Schraubwerkzeug beispielsweise an einem Engländer vorgesehen ist.In particular, it is provided that such a jaw on an adjustable screwdriver, for example on an Englishman.

Claims (20)

  1. A process for profiling the workpiece engagement surface of a hand tool, in particular a screwing tool, such as a screwdriver or wrench, pliers, a clamping tool or a file, in which the workpiece engagement surface (8) is briefly irradiated over a large area and/or locally with a high level of energy, such that the region of the irradiated zone which is close to the surface melts and solidifies suddenly at the edge to form a rib.
  2. The process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the irradiation is carried out using a laser beam or electron beam.
  3. The process according to Claim 2, characterized in that the laser irradiation is carried out after hardening of the tool.
  4. The process according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterized by a laser beam which is oriented at an acute angle onto the workpiece engagement surface.
  5. The process according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the workpiece engagement surface (8) is coated with metal, in particular chrome-plated, before the laser treatment.
  6. The process according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the energy is selected to be such that, when a focused laser beam passes over the metal surface, channels (9) comprising structureless martensite as a result of brief partial melting and/or evaporation of metal form, the channel in the edge region (10) projecting above the adjacent, untreated surface in the manner of an embankment.
  7. The process according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that diamonds (7) which are applied to the steel base body (4) are partially rounded during the application of the laser beam.
  8. The process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the laser power and the pass velocity of the laser are matched to one another in such a way that the waves which form in the melt and move toward the edge of the zone which is exposed to the energy solidify instantaneously just before they break.
  9. A hand tool, in particular a screwing tool or a wrench, and also pliers, a clamping tool or a file, having one or more recess-profiled workpiece engagement surfaces, characterized in that the recesses are produced by means of high-energy irradiation and have suddenly solidified edge ribs.
  10. The hand tool according to Claim 9, characterized in that the edge ribs (10) which lie opposite one another are the edges of an in particular 50 µm thick well-like structure immediately solidified melt, the well-like structure being harder than the region of the tool engagement surface which surrounds it and in particular having a hardness of greater than 62 HRC, preferably 64 to 66 HRC.
  11. The hand tool according to Claim 10, characterized by a tempered zone of softer material which lies below the well-like structure and is in particular 30 µm thick and the hardness of which rises at the depth increases until it reaches the hardness of the base material, preferably from 50 HRC to 60 HRC.
  12. The hand tool according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the recesses are introduced into a metal coating (5).
  13. The hand tool according to Claim 12, characterized in that the metal coating is a chromium layer or nickel or nickel-phosphorus layer applied by electrodeposition.
  14. The hand tool according to one of Claims 12 or 13, characterized by hard-material particles (7), in particular diamond chips, which are introduced in the metal layer (5).
  15. The hand tool according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that profile lines which are formed by the embankment-delimited recesses, over virtually their entire linear width, have a surface hardness which is approximately twice as great as the unprofiled regions of the engagement surface (8).
  16. The hand tool according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the recesses are crater-shaped individual recesses.
  17. The hand tool according to one of Claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the workpiece engagement surface (8) is the working tip (3) of a blade (2) of a screwing tool.
  18. The hand tool according to Claim 17, characterized by a surface which adjoins the working tip of a screwdriver, is formed in particular as a flat face and is provided with profile strips, and in particular the flat face is the flattened section of a slotted screwdriver close to the tip or is the polygonal face of a polygonal blade (2).
  19. The hand tool according to one of Claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the hand tool is a file.
  20. The hand tool according to Claim 19, characterized in that the hand tool is a hollow file, in particular with a longitudinal narrow face (15) disposed in the apex of the cavity.
EP00989968A 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver Expired - Lifetime EP1237682B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19960657 1999-12-15
DE19960657 1999-12-15
DE10053078 2000-10-26
DE10053078A DE10053078A1 (en) 1999-12-15 2000-10-26 Hand tools, in particular screwing tools
PCT/EP2000/012430 WO2001043922A1 (en) 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1237682A1 EP1237682A1 (en) 2002-09-11
EP1237682B1 true EP1237682B1 (en) 2003-07-09

Family

ID=26007499

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00989968A Expired - Lifetime EP1237682B1 (en) 1999-12-15 2000-12-08 Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6883405B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1237682B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1214900C (en)
DE (1) DE20022294U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2197126T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001043922A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006062013A1 (en) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Screwing tool e.g. ring spanner, has drive body with torque introduction zone, and two drifting bodies with drifting profile, where material hardness of drifting bodies is greater than material hardness of drive body
DE102012101761A1 (en) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Knipex-Werk C. Gustav Putsch Kg Cutting tool e.g. diagonal cutting pliers for cutting wire, has incisions formed in cutting edge sections over length of moving blade in acute or right angle with respect to cutting edge, and separately formed at preset interval

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6655241B2 (en) * 2002-01-12 2003-12-02 Burton Kozak Anti-skip fastener tightening and/or extraction device
DE20319213U1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-04-21 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Screwdriver bit storage device, has vision panels for visualizing hexagonal sections of twenty five millimeter long screwdriver bits inserted in closely arranged plug-in pockets
US20070079674A1 (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Rupp Glenn A Tool For Removal Of Socket Head Screws Having Stripped Heads
WO2010054169A1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-05-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
USD623036S1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-09-07 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Insert bit
USD711719S1 (en) 2009-11-06 2014-08-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
US8769833B2 (en) 2010-09-10 2014-07-08 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Utility knife blade
US8955418B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2015-02-17 Black & Decker Inc. Threaded fastener driving tool
USD743757S1 (en) 2013-05-09 2015-11-24 Darrell A. Combs Brake pad removal tool
US10022845B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2018-07-17 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
US10005174B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2018-06-26 Shyh-Ming Wang Anti-disengagement structure of a tool head for a fastener
US11478907B2 (en) * 2016-11-30 2022-10-25 Hangzhou Great Star Tools Co., Ltd. Screwdriver head and method for manufacturing the same
US11059162B2 (en) 2017-05-17 2021-07-13 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver
USD855433S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-08-06 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver
CN212351801U (en) 2017-12-01 2021-01-15 米沃奇电动工具公司 Tool head for driving fasteners
US11342101B2 (en) 2018-07-20 2022-05-24 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Magnetism booster assembly
USD921468S1 (en) 2018-08-10 2021-06-08 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Driver bit
US11413729B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-08-16 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool bit
CN109465494A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-15 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Reversal tool
CN110144436B (en) * 2019-06-11 2022-03-01 山东威达机械股份有限公司 Laser quenching method of clamping jaw
US11541516B2 (en) * 2019-09-25 2023-01-03 Snap-On Incorporated Fastener retention and anti-camout tool bit
WO2023034976A1 (en) * 2021-09-03 2023-03-09 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Tool with etched tip and related method

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB950544A (en) 1961-10-03 1964-02-26 Reed & Prince Mfg Company Bit end of tool for driving screw fasteners
US3903761A (en) * 1971-09-28 1975-09-09 Phillips Screw Co Process for the manufacture of driver bits
DE4029734C2 (en) * 1990-09-20 1994-06-16 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Anti-slip coating on tools
DE4121839C2 (en) 1991-07-02 2003-01-09 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Tool with torque transmitting work surfaces and method for manufacturing the same
DE9400780U1 (en) 1994-01-18 1994-03-10 Hahn Willi Gmbh Screwdriver bit for Phillips screws
DE19509497C1 (en) * 1995-03-16 1996-07-25 Braun Ag Prodn. of surface structure on anodised oxide coating of an iron
DE19513366A1 (en) * 1995-04-08 1996-10-10 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Screwdriver, screwdriver bit or the like
JPH10141019A (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-26 Fuji Oozx Inc Internal combustion engine tappet and its manufacture
DE19720139C1 (en) * 1997-05-14 1999-03-18 Hahn Willi Gmbh Screwdriver fastener drive tip
DE19724319C1 (en) * 1997-06-10 1998-10-08 Fette Wilhelm Gmbh Influencing characteristics of chip flow from tool surfaces

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006062013A1 (en) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Screwing tool e.g. ring spanner, has drive body with torque introduction zone, and two drifting bodies with drifting profile, where material hardness of drifting bodies is greater than material hardness of drive body
DE102012101761A1 (en) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Knipex-Werk C. Gustav Putsch Kg Cutting tool e.g. diagonal cutting pliers for cutting wire, has incisions formed in cutting edge sections over length of moving blade in acute or right angle with respect to cutting edge, and separately formed at preset interval

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2197126T3 (en) 2004-01-01
US20030196527A1 (en) 2003-10-23
US6883405B2 (en) 2005-04-26
EP1237682A1 (en) 2002-09-11
DE20022294U1 (en) 2001-07-26
CN1214900C (en) 2005-08-17
WO2001043922A1 (en) 2001-06-21
CN1424954A (en) 2003-06-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1237682B1 (en) Hand tool, in particular, a screwdriver
EP0521256B1 (en) Tool with torque transmitting surface and procedure for the production thereof
DE4316012C2 (en) Process for finishing workpiece surfaces
EP1655498B1 (en) Self-tapping screw and method of its manufacture
DE4307090B4 (en) Nut, especially wheel nut
DE19614328A1 (en) Coating and/or machining of previously treated workpiece surfaces
EP0799387B1 (en) Hole-shaping and thread-forming screw and process for driving in the same
EP0085888A2 (en) Method of making in a metal piece a thoroughfare hole having edge-reinforcements on both ends, and also tool for carrying out the method
DE19513366A1 (en) Screwdriver, screwdriver bit or the like
DE2619210A1 (en) STABILIZING DEVICE FOR A DRILL STRING
DE102009028040A1 (en) Combination tool i.e. reversible indexed cutting plate, for manufacturing surface structure, has machined structure die including cutting teeth for forming groove-type recess in workpiece surface, where teeth include rectangular profile
DE60032851T2 (en) CHAINSAW WITH LIQUID CHANNELS
EP0925881B1 (en) Tool
DE2415619A1 (en) TAPPING SCREWS
DE102011122415A1 (en) Combination tool and method for producing a surface structure with undercuts in a surface of a workpiece
DE10053078A1 (en) Hand tools, in particular screwing tools
DE102006021136B4 (en) Method for producing the clearing edges of a circular saw blade
DE2442146A1 (en) Coal pick with hard metal tip - has conical tip of steel shaft carrying granular hard metal layer
EP2832868B1 (en) Press tool and method for producing a press tool
DE202007013306U1 (en) cutting wheel
DE2916809A1 (en) CHIPPING TOOL FOR METAL WORKING
DE19720139C1 (en) Screwdriver fastener drive tip
WO2007025679A1 (en) Tool for machining workpieces
EP1203639A2 (en) Hand tool for stripping material
DE19834688A1 (en) Texturing of seal profile used around vehicle access openings is achieved using, e.g., laser to inscribe transverse fish scale pattern preventing undesirable slip-stick noises

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20020627

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50002874

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20030814

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20031105

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2197126

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20040414

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 50002874

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: RIEDER & PARTNER MBB PATENTANWAELTE - RECHTSAN, DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 50002874

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: WERA WERKZEUGE GMBH, DE

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: WERA-WERK HERMANN WERNER GMBH & CO. KG, 42349 WUPPERTAL, DE

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20191220

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20191218

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20191218

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20191218

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20200120

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20191224

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 50002874

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20201207

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20201207

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20210326

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20201209

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG