EP1233854B1 - Verfahren zur modifizierung von holzoberflächen durch elektrische entladung unter atmosphärendruck - Google Patents

Verfahren zur modifizierung von holzoberflächen durch elektrische entladung unter atmosphärendruck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1233854B1
EP1233854B1 EP00993244A EP00993244A EP1233854B1 EP 1233854 B1 EP1233854 B1 EP 1233854B1 EP 00993244 A EP00993244 A EP 00993244A EP 00993244 A EP00993244 A EP 00993244A EP 1233854 B1 EP1233854 B1 EP 1233854B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
modified
wood
wooden surface
wooden
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00993244A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1233854A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Viöl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for modification a wooden surface according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a method is known from EP-A-0 178 907.
  • the corona discharge has an im Cross section of the air gap between the electrode plates rough Structure of the conductive plasma.
  • the corona discharge evenly across the cross section of the To distribute air gaps between the electrode plates are the Electrode plates with perforated polyethylene shields Mistake.
  • the perforations then correspond to one Discharge path between the two electrode plates.
  • the known method leads to a relatively uneven Modification of the surface to be modified due to the effects of the plasma. This is especially true if actually a wooden surface using the known method is treated because wood is typically an inhomogeneous structure has, so that its dielectric properties are not Spread evenly over the wooden surface to be modified. As a result, this means that some areas of the wood surface undergo a much stronger modification than others.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method the type described at the beginning, with which the modifying wood surface is evenly modifiable and at the same time even with large wooden surfaces in reasonable Periods and at reasonable cost is feasible.
  • the first feature of the new method results in a dielectrically impeded discharge which acts on the wood surface to be modified.
  • a dielectrically impeded discharge is in principle distinguished by a significantly finer distribution of the plasma, ie the actual discharge areas over the entire cross section covered by the discharge.
  • the alternating high voltage with the frequency of more than 600 Hz also contributes to the fine distribution of the plasma.
  • the energy input is of the order of 1 kWh per m 2 of wood surface and can therefore be assessed as relatively low.
  • the new process is not only applicable to liability various coatings on the wooden surface improve what is already coating with glue and thus the Includes gluing or gluing over the wooden surface.
  • the modification of the wood surface can also be used as a finishing step be done for the wood surface without that the wooden surface is then coated. This includes, for example, the removal of loose or damaged parts of the wood surface, such as after sawing or when restoring wooden workpieces.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used Preservation of the wood surface can be made.
  • the atmosphere in which the Discharge between the wooden surface and the electrode compared to normal air by adding certain Gases be modified should.
  • the desired gas mixtures can be simply in the zone of discharge to be blown in as this is under atmospheric pressure he follows.
  • a thermal load on the wooden surface Incidentally, does not occur with the new method.
  • the Gas temperature in the area of the discharge does not rise appreciably above room temperature.
  • the wood surface to be modified can be modified having a piece of wood as a counter electrode to the Electrode must be grounded. That is, for the implementation of the In addition to the new process, the wood surface to be modified having a single piece of wood itself Electrode required. The conduction properties of wood are for the formation of the counter electrode is sufficient.
  • a piece of wood with the modifying wooden surface can also on a parallel to the flat electrode arranged flat counterelectrode can be arranged.
  • the piece of wood acts like a second dielectric Layer in front of the counter electrode. That is, they dominate here dielectric properties of the wood compared to its conductivity.
  • the two electrodes i.e. H. the one opposite the wooden surface to be modified Electrode and the counter electrode silent, and the piece of wood becomes transported between them.
  • the conveyor belt for the The piece of wood also serves as a dielectric layer the counter electrode.
  • the electrode When modifying very large wooden surfaces to be modified it makes sense to position the electrode relative to one of the modifying wood surface showing piece of wood proceed parallel to the wooden surface to be modified.
  • the relative method of the electrode and the to modifying wood surface can be done either by moving it of the wood surface to be modified Wood piece or the electrode itself.
  • the surface facing the wood surface to be modified of the electrode is small compared to the area to be modified Wood surface is chosen, can also be highly contoured Wooden surfaces under defined discharge conditions be driven to the desired modification of the wood surface make.
  • the surface of the electrode is preferred in the new method relative to the area of the wood surface to be modified dimensioned so that the wooden surface to be modified at least 90% of the cross-sectional area of the discharge covers.
  • the new method will Discharge power as completely as possible for the desired modification exploited the wooden surface.
  • d. H. directly between the electrode and a counter electrode be consumed.
  • the Alternating high voltage in the new method preferably with a frequency above 5 kHz, i.e. H. preferably from 10 to 3000 kHz applied.
  • the Distance is greater than their duration.
  • the Distance of the individual high voltage pulses of a frequency in Range from 10 to 20 kHz during the duration of the individual high-voltage pulses frequency components into the range of over 500 kHz.
  • the alternating high voltage with alternating Polarity is applied to the electrode, it will Build up charges on both the dielectric layer before the electrode as well as on the wooden surface to be modified prevented.
  • the distance of the electrode with the dielectric layer from the wood surface to be modified in the new process typically between 1 to 25 mm. That is, this Distance is not critical. But it goes without saying that with increasing distance increases the size of the alternating high voltage must become.
  • Typical values for the alternating high voltage are for individual high voltage pulses 30 to 50 kV. At a sinusoidal high voltage whose frequency is also in a range above 100 kHz, for example between 100 and 3000 kHz AC voltage is typically 10 up to 15 kV.
  • Figure 1 shows a flat, d. H. plate-shaped electrode 1 and an equally flat, i.e. H. plate-shaped counter electrode 2, which are arranged parallel to each other.
  • a dielectric layer 3 In front of the electrode 1 there is a dielectric layer 3.
  • a conveyor belt 4 made of dielectric Material 5.
  • a piece of wood 6 is placed on the conveyor belt 4, a wooden surface 7 of the dielectric layer 3 or facing the electrode 1.
  • the counter electrode 2 is connected to the earth 9, is the electrode 1 with a high-voltage power supply 10 connected.
  • the high-voltage power supply 10 is based on semiconductor technology. It is commercially available and has both a good one Efficiency of 80 to 90% as well as comparatively low Acquisition costs.
  • a dielectric barrier discharge 11 under atmospheric pressure causes.
  • the distribution of the plasma 12 in the area of dielectric discharge 11 is firstly due to the fact that the electrical discharge 11 is dielectrically hindered and secondly, due to the fact that the alternating high voltage, which is applied to the electrode 1, at least the order of magnitude of 1 kHz, so homogeneous that a uniform Action takes place on the wooden surface 7 of the piece of wood 6.
  • the electrode 1 is the wooden surface 7 facing surface is only small and it is completely surrounded by the dielectric layer 3. It is the electrode 1 is provided, parallel to the wooden surface 7 to be moved, which is indicated by arrows 13 to 15. The wooden surface 7 is scanned with the electrode 1 in order to this despite the pronounced contour 16 present here in all Modify areas evenly. Further differentiates The structure of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that that no separate counter electrode 2 with one arranged in front of it dielectric material 5 is arranged. Rather, it is Piece of wood 6 here directly connected to the earth 9 and takes over thus also the function of the counter electrode 2 and the dielectric material 5 according to FIG. 1.
  • the distance 8 according to Figures 1 and 2 can be 1 to 25 mm be. Typically it is in the range of a few Millimeters. The information below applies to Alternating high voltages with which the new process is successful was tried.
  • the first case it is a sinusoidal alternating high voltage from 10 to 15 kV with a frequency between 100 kHz and 3 MHz.
  • the particularly good results in the modification the wooden surface 7 is a AC high voltage from individual high voltage pulses of 40 up to 50 kV with a pulse duration of 2 ⁇ s, which means a frequency of Corresponds to 500 kHz, and a pulse repetition frequency of 10 to 17 kHz. This means that the duration of the high voltage pulses the high voltage pulse was much smaller than her time Distance.
  • the high-voltage pulses were preferred Pulse sequences with alternating polarity at the electrode 1.
  • the new procedure is as described above under cleaning the thin layer of wood damaged by the mechanical pre-treatment removed from the wooden surface 7 and the physical and chemical surface properties are changed so that a better connection of glue and solid wood and thus a higher adhesive strength is achieved.
  • end grain gluing for example in glued wood
  • a toothing (galvanizing) of the Pieces of wood required.
  • the wooden surfaces 7 can have a higher adhesive strength here be achieved so that depending on the load on the toothing the pieces of wood can be dispensed with.
  • Treatment can be applied prior to gluing glue sticks a previous planing step can be dispensed with.
  • reactive gases can be between the electrodes 1, 2 be introduced so that the wood is coated out of the plasma 12 or is subjected to a chemical reaction.
  • the coatings applied in this way or reactions caused in this way can already be the final treatment of the to be modified Represent wooden surface 7.
  • the wetting capacity can be influenced by the modification of the wooden surface 7 according to the invention. Pulsed discharge can also be used to compress the wooden surface 7. From a density of 1.4 g / cm 3 , water absorption over the wooden surface 7 can be largely prevented, for example. This results in a very environmentally friendly method of wood preservation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP00993244A 1999-12-01 2000-11-09 Verfahren zur modifizierung von holzoberflächen durch elektrische entladung unter atmosphärendruck Expired - Lifetime EP1233854B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19957775A DE19957775C1 (de) 1999-12-01 1999-12-01 Verfahren zur Modifizierung von Holzoberflächen durch elektrische Entladung unter Atmosphärendruck
DE19957775 1999-12-01
PCT/EP2000/011083 WO2001039944A1 (de) 1999-12-01 2000-11-09 Verfahren zur modifizierung von holzoberflächen durch elektrische entladung unter atmosphärendruck

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1233854A1 EP1233854A1 (de) 2002-08-28
EP1233854B1 true EP1233854B1 (de) 2004-01-02

Family

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EP00993244A Expired - Lifetime EP1233854B1 (de) 1999-12-01 2000-11-09 Verfahren zur modifizierung von holzoberflächen durch elektrische entladung unter atmosphärendruck

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6818102B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1233854B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2003515460A (ja)
AT (1) ATE257063T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU5437501A (ja)
CA (1) CA2393952C (ja)
CZ (1) CZ297731B6 (ja)
DE (2) DE19957775C1 (ja)
HU (1) HU226188B1 (ja)
PL (1) PL195614B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2001039944A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006133524A2 (en) 2005-06-14 2006-12-21 Peter Doncheff Dineff Method for plasma chemical surface modification

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DE10000490A1 (de) * 2000-01-09 2001-07-12 Ranzmeyer Johannes Physikalische Behandlung durch Karboniesierung von organischen Materialien, insbesondere von Holz u. dgl.
DE10116502B4 (de) * 2001-04-03 2004-02-19 Viöl, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ausbildung eines Plasmastrahls
US6780178B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2004-08-24 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for plasma-mediated thermo-electrical ablation
US8043286B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2011-10-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for plasma-mediated thermo-electrical ablation
DE10238931C1 (de) * 2002-08-24 2003-07-31 Fh Hildesheim Holzminden Goe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vorbereitung eines Finger- oder Fußnagels für eine Beschichtung, insbesondere Lackierung
US7357802B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2008-04-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Electrosurgical system with uniformly enhanced electric field and minimal collateral damage
US7736361B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2010-06-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stamford Junior University Electrosurgical system with uniformly enhanced electric field and minimal collateral damage
DE10324926B3 (de) * 2003-06-03 2005-02-03 Fachhochschule Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines lebende Zellen enthaltenden biologischen Materials mit einem durch eine Gasentladung erzeugten Plasma
US7987614B2 (en) * 2004-04-12 2011-08-02 Erickson Robert W Restraining device for reducing warp in lumber during drying
US20060246218A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Guardian Industries Corp. Hydrophilic DLC on substrate with barrier discharge pyrolysis treatment
DE102006011312B4 (de) * 2006-03-11 2010-04-15 Fachhochschule Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen - Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts - Vorrichtung zur Plasmabehandlung unter Atmosphärendruck
DE102006015591B3 (de) * 2006-03-31 2007-11-29 Technische Universität Clausthal Organischer Werkstoff mit katalytisch beschichteter Oberfläche und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CA2668407A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-15 Peak Surgical, Inc. Electric plasma-mediated cutting and coagulation of tissue and surgical apparatus
US8137345B2 (en) 2009-01-05 2012-03-20 Peak Surgical, Inc. Electrosurgical devices for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
DE102010052723B4 (de) 2010-11-25 2013-11-07 Technische Universität Ilmenau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vorbereiten oder Bearbeiten von Prozessgut, insbesondere biologischen Prozesgut
WO2012170364A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Medtronic, Inc. Wire electrode devices for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
DE102020132321A1 (de) 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrschichtbauteils, insbesondere eines Holz-Polymer-Hybridbauteils

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006133524A2 (en) 2005-06-14 2006-12-21 Peter Doncheff Dineff Method for plasma chemical surface modification

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6818102B1 (en) 2004-11-16
CA2393952A1 (en) 2001-06-07
EP1233854A1 (de) 2002-08-28
ATE257063T1 (de) 2004-01-15
CZ20021908A3 (cs) 2003-01-15
HU226188B1 (en) 2008-06-30
HUP0302096A2 (hu) 2003-09-29
JP2003515460A (ja) 2003-05-07
DE50004948D1 (de) 2004-02-05
CA2393952C (en) 2008-12-30
WO2001039944A1 (de) 2001-06-07
AU5437501A (en) 2001-06-12
DE19957775C1 (de) 2000-07-13
CZ297731B6 (cs) 2007-03-14
HUP0302096A3 (en) 2005-12-28
PL195614B1 (pl) 2007-10-31
PL355633A1 (en) 2004-05-04

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