EP1224397B1 - Ventilateur électrique - Google Patents

Ventilateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1224397B1
EP1224397B1 EP01965223A EP01965223A EP1224397B1 EP 1224397 B1 EP1224397 B1 EP 1224397B1 EP 01965223 A EP01965223 A EP 01965223A EP 01965223 A EP01965223 A EP 01965223A EP 1224397 B1 EP1224397 B1 EP 1224397B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
housing
accordance
heat sink
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01965223A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1224397A1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Gold
Dirk Herke
Frank HÖNIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stribel Production GmbH
Original Assignee
AFL Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AFL Europe GmbH filed Critical AFL Europe GmbH
Publication of EP1224397A1 publication Critical patent/EP1224397A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1224397B1 publication Critical patent/EP1224397B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric fan, in particular for motor vehicles, having an electric drive motor, a fan wheel coupled to the drive motor and an electronic control unit for controlling the drive motor.
  • Such electric fans are from the DE 195 46 040 A1 known, wherein diverted from the air flow generated by the fan, a part and is guided through specially provided channels to a heat sink for the control unit.
  • the speed of the fan wheel can be adjusted according to the required cooling requirements.
  • a control unit which is coupled to the drive motor and allows a power-controlled operation of the drive motor.
  • the control unit usually comprises a control circuit which generates a PWM signal, ie a pulse width modulated signal, for controlling a power output stage, usually in the form of at least one FET output stage switch.
  • the control unit is usually connected via connecting cable to the drive motor and arranged in a separate housing.
  • Object of the present invention is to construct an electric fan of the type mentioned constructively simpler and cheaper mountable.
  • the drive motor and the control unit form a common structural unit.
  • This has the advantage that a significantly smaller space requirement is required for the electric fan.
  • the electric fan is characterized by a very good electromagnetic compatibility, since the control unit is disposed immediately adjacent to the electric motor and surrounded by this with a housing, with the aid of electromagnetic radiation can be prevented as reliably as an influence, in particular the electronic Control unit by external electromagnetic radiation fields.
  • Another advantage of the embodiment according to the invention is the fact that a separate power supply line between the control unit and the drive motor is eliminated.
  • This power supply line is a major source of electromagnetic interference.
  • the compact design of the electric fan also simplifies its handling and has a lower susceptibility to interference.
  • the invention provides that by means of the fan wheel, a cooling air flow can be generated, which can be passed through ventilation openings of the housing.
  • a cooling body of the control unit is arranged on at least one ventilation opening of the housing.
  • the heat sink is thus exposed directly to the cooling air flow that can be generated by the fan, so that in particular the control unit is not subject to any inadmissible heating during operation of the electric fan.
  • the arrangement of the heat sink at a ventilation opening of the housing allows a targeted flow of the heat sink with cooling air.
  • the arrangement of the at least one heat sink at a vent opening of the housing also ensures that the air flow generated by the fan, aligned substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the impeller remains unaffected by the cooling of the drive motor and the control unit.
  • the air flow can thus be used completely for cooling, for example, a drive unit of a motor vehicle, without being in contact with cooling elements of the drive motor or the control unit What would result in a warming of the air flow and thus a reduction in the effective cooling capacity of the fan.
  • the air flow is not hindered by cooling elements of the drive motor or the control unit, for example deflected or partially hidden.
  • a separate cooling air flow is used, which is generated as well as the intended for cooling external units air flow from the fan, but mainly runs within the housing.
  • a particularly effective cooling of the housing interior can be achieved in an advantageous embodiment, characterized in that the cooling air flow has a substantially coaxial with the axis of rotation of the fan wheel aligned, extending within the housing flow section.
  • the coaxial with the axis of rotation aligned flow section the housing in the longitudinal direction almost completely passes through, so that both the electronic control unit and the drive motor are detected by the cooling air flow and thus can be effectively cooled.
  • the cooling air flow has a substantially radially aligned to the axis of rotation of the impeller flow section within the housing. This allows in particular a guide of the cooling air flow within the housing such that the cooling air flow enters radially into the housing and / or exits to extend within the housing substantially coaxial with the axis of rotation of the fan wheel.
  • At least one heat sink is arranged in the region of the radially oriented flow section of the cooling air flow. Based on the axis of rotation of the fan wheel, this allows a particularly short design of the electric fan, since the heat sink can be arranged with respect to the axis of rotation at the same height as the housing.
  • At least one heat sink is arranged in the region of an air inlet opening, through which the cooling air flow is led into the housing interior.
  • At least one heat sink is arranged in the region of an air outlet opening, through which the cooling air flow is led out of the housing interior.
  • the cooling air flow may first come into contact with the drive motor and the electrical components of the control unit within the housing and then sweeps over the heat sink when it exits the housing.
  • the heat sink is preferably arranged on a ventilation opening which is arranged on a wall region of the housing surrounding the drive motor and the control unit in the circumferential direction.
  • the heat sink has cooling ribs whose surface normal is aligned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the fan wheel.
  • the cooling fins are preferably aligned parallel to each other and take the cooling air flow between them.
  • At least one heat sink is arranged on a ventilation opening which is positioned adjacent to an end wall of the housing, and in that the housing has an additional ventilation opening in its end wall facing away from the end wall. This allows the cooling air flow to almost completely reach the housing in the longitudinal direction. It is particularly advantageous in this case if the heat sink is arranged on an air inlet opening of the housing, since this ensures a particularly effective cooling of the control unit in particular.
  • the fan within the housing generates an overpressure or negative pressure by the cooling air is supplied to the housing by the fan or in the region of a ventilation opening, a negative pressure is generated, which has a suction flow through the housing through the result.
  • the housing adjacent to the fan has an air outlet opening and the cooling air flow in the region of this air outlet opening about the axis of rotation of the fan wheel in rotation is displaceable.
  • a radially outward inertial force (Centrifugal force)
  • the cooling air is thrown obliquely outwards starting from the air outlet opening arranged adjacent to the fan wheel.
  • the rotational movement of the cooling air flow can be generated in a structurally particularly simple and cost-effective manner in that the fan wheel of the air outlet opening adjacently arranged fins comprises for moving the cooling air flow around the axis of rotation around.
  • the fins are preferably aligned transversely to the direction of rotation of the fan wheel.
  • the air outlet opening forms a coaxial with the axis of rotation of the fan wheel aligned annular gap. This makes it possible to lead the cooling air flow over the entire circumference of the housing evenly distributed out of the housing interior, so that all areas of the housing interior can be cooled evenly.
  • the housing may for example comprise a preferably U-shaped housing pot and a cover-shaped base plate, wherein the annular gap is bounded on the one hand by the housing pot and on the other hand by the base plate. It is particularly advantageous if the housing pot and the base plate are held rotatable relative to each other. For example, it may be provided that the housing pot rotatably on the base plate is stored and that the fan is held on the housing pot. Such a configuration has proven particularly useful when an electronically commutating fan motor is used as the drive motor.
  • the housing pot forms a magnetic yoke for inside the housing on the housing pot fixed permanent magnets, and the housing pot also forms a hub for the fan, which is rotatably held on the housing pot and surrounding it in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotation of the housing pot has the consequence that the cooling air flowing through the housing is set in rotation in the region of the annular gap, and the resulting centrifugal force has the result that the cooling air flow in the region of the annular gap between the housing pot and the base plate is thrown outwardly obliquely , In the region of the annular gap thus a negative pressure is generated.
  • air inlet openings may be provided in a bottom wall of the housing pot and / or in the area of the base plate, so that a cooling air flow penetrating the inside of the housing is formed.
  • the electronic control unit usually comprises a plurality of electronic components which are fixed on a printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board within the housing is preferably arranged such that the cooling air flow sweeps over at least a portion of the guide plate. It is of particular advantage if the printed circuit board is arranged transversely to the axis of rotation of the fan wheel in the region of a radial flow section of the cooling air flow. For example, it may be provided that the printed circuit board is aligned parallel to an end wall of the preferably cylindrically shaped housing.
  • a particularly effective cooling of the control unit can be ensured that the circuit board is held on the heat sink, which dips into a ventilation opening of the housing. It is advantageous if the circuit board is configured annular, wherein the heat sink is held on the outer edge of the circuit board. In such an embodiment, the cooling air flow can be supplied directly to the arranged on the outer edge of the circuit board heatsink, and since the circuit board is thermally coupled to the heat sink, thereby a reliable cooling of the circuit board and fixed to this electronic components of the control unit can be achieved.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown in a schematic representation of a first form of an electric fan, which is generally occupied by the reference numeral 10.
  • Such fans are used in particular in motor vehicles Insert, wherein they are positioned within the engine compartment on a radiator unit, so that a generated by the fan 10 air flow can be directed to the radiator unit.
  • the electric fan 10 includes in a conventional manner a fan 12 and a fan motor 14, which is shown only schematically in the drawing and known per se.
  • the fan 10 also includes an electronic control unit 16, which is arranged together with the fan motor 14 in a substantially cylindrical housing 18.
  • the housing 18 comprises a front bearing cover 20 facing the fan wheel 12 and a rear bearing cover 22 facing away from the fan wheel 12, which terminate the front side of a housing jacket 24 surrounding the control unit 16 and the fan motor 14 in the circumferential direction.
  • the front bearing cap 20 and the rear bearing cap 22 each form a bearing for a motor shaft 26 protruding from the front bearing cap 20.
  • the housing 18 is held on a fan star 28, which comprises a housing jacket 24 circumferentially surrounding retaining ring 30, from the star-shaped three support arms 32 protrude, which can be fixed with their free, not shown in the drawing ends in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle.
  • the impeller 12 is designed as an axial fan and has a front bearing cover 20 of the housing 18 cross fan pot 36 which is configured substantially U-shaped and comprises a transverse to the motor shaft 26 aligned bottom wall 38 and an integrally connected to the bottom wall 38 side wall 40 , which is in the form of a cylinder jacket with coaxial with the motor shaft 26 aligned cylinder axis.
  • the fan 12 comprises a coaxial with the side wall 40 aligned outer ring 42, and between the side wall 40 and the outer ring 42 extend a plurality of fan blades 44 which are radially oriented relative to the motor shaft 26.
  • a sleeve 46 is integrally formed on the bottom wall 38 of the fan cup 36, via which the fan 12 is rotatably connected to the fan motor 14, so that the fan is rotatable about the axis defined by the motor shaft 26 Drehachses 48.
  • the housing 18 electrical control unit 16 For power-controlled operation of the fan motor 12 is disposed within the housing 18 electrical control unit 16.
  • This includes an annular circuit board 50 which is held within the housing 18 on the rear bearing cap 22 and the axis of rotation 48 surrounds in the circumferential direction.
  • On the circuit board 50 a plurality of electronic components are held in a known per se and therefore not shown in the drawing, in particular a control electronics for generating pulse width modulated control signals, as well as power electronics with several FET power switches, as for example from the German patent application DE 197 02 949 A1 are known.
  • the electronic components fixed to the printed circuit board 50 are connected via connecting leads 52 led out of the housing 18 to a power supply and to a control unit, eg a control unit.
  • a control unit eg a control unit.
  • the circuit board 50 of the control unit 16 is held on a metallic heat sink 54, which in turn is fixed to the rear bearing cap 22 and has a plurality of cooling fins 56.
  • the cooling fins 56 pass through a Rear bearing cap 22 adjacent arranged, molded into the housing shell 24 air inlet opening 58.
  • Corresponding air outlet openings 60 are provided on the front bearing cap 20.
  • the side wall 40 of the fan pot 36 carries on its front bearing cover 20 facing inside 62 at a uniform distance to each other a plurality of perpendicular to the side wall 40 aligned slats 64. If the fan 12 is driven by the fan motor 14 to a rotary motion, the air is due within the fan cup 36 the transverse to the direction of rotation of the fan wheel 12 aligned slats set in rotation. This rotation, in turn, has the consequence that a centrifugal force acts on the air, so that the air is thrown obliquely outwards.
  • a negative pressure is generated within the fan cup 36 in the region of the front bearing cover 20 arranged air outlet openings 60, which in turn has the consequence that 58 air is sucked through the air inlet opening.
  • a cooling air flow 66 is formed, which is initially oriented substantially radially from the air inlet opening 58 with respect to the axis of rotation 48 and the circuit board 50 adjacent forms a radial flow section 68.
  • the cooling air stream 66 then merges into a substantially axially aligned flow section 70 and emerges from the housing 18 through the air outlet openings 60.
  • the cooling fins 56 of the heat sink 54 are arranged within the air inlet opening 58 and are thus flowed through by the cooling air flow 66. This has effective cooling of the heat sink 54 and the printed circuit board 50 attached to the electronic control unit 16 result. Also, the fan motor 14 is effectively cooled because it is detected by the cooling air stream 66 practically along its entire longitudinal extent. Despite the integration of the fan motor 14 and the electronic control unit 16 in the housing 18 thus overheating of the electric fan can be reliably prevented.
  • FIG. 3 an alternative embodiment in the form of an electric fan 80 is shown with a fan wheel 82, a fan motor 84 and an electronic control unit 86.
  • the fan motor 84 and the control unit 86 are arranged in a common housing 88 which is spaced from a housing pot 90 and one overlapping base plate 92 is formed.
  • a fan cup 94 of the fan wheel 82 is rotatably mounted, and according to the embodiment of the reference to the FIGS. 1 and 2 described fan wheel 12, a plurality of radially oriented fan blades 96 are also held on the fan cup 94 of the fan wheel 82, which are connected to each other at its radially outer end via a retaining ring 98.
  • the fan motor 84 is designed as an electronically commutating electric motor, wherein the housing pot 90 represents a magnetic yoke for the formed within the fan motor 84 magnetic circuit.
  • the housing pot 90 is rotatably mounted on the base plate 92, which is held stationary by means of a fan star 100.
  • a bottom wall 102 of the housing pot 90 a of the base plate 92 facing bearing pin 104 is arranged, which is rotatably supported on a bearing sleeve 106 which is fixed to the base plate 92.
  • the bearing pin 104 defines an axis of rotation 108 of the fan wheel 82.
  • the housing pot 90 and the base plate 92 are arranged in their radially outer region at a distance from each other, so that between the two components coaxial with the axis of rotation 108 aligned annular gap 110 is formed.
  • annular gap 110 a plurality of aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 108, fixed to the base plate 92 cooling pin 112, which form a heat sink in their entirety.
  • the base plate 92 carries the housing pot 90 facing a circuit board 114 of the control unit 86.
  • the electronic components are arranged in a conventional manner, as already with reference to the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated circuit board 50 has been explained.
  • the bottom wall 102 of the housing pot 90 has a plurality of air inlet openings 116, and further air inlet openings 118 are provided in the base plate 92.
  • the cooling air is guided radially outwards in the direction of the annular gap 110 and through it, so that a total of cooling air flow 120 forms within the housing 88, which reliably dissipates the waste heat generated by the fan motor 84 and the control unit 86 ensures.
  • the electric fans 10 and 80 are characterized by a compact design, and due to the integration of the control unit 16 or 86 in the housing of the fan motor 14 and 84 electromagnetic interference is prevented. Overheating of the electric fans 10 and 80 can be reliably prevented by the cooling air flow caused by the respective fan wheel 12 and 82, respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Ventilateur électrique, en particulier pour des véhicules automobiles, avec un moteur d'entraînement électrique (14), avec une hélice (12) couplée au moteur d'entraînement (14) et avec une unité de commande électronique (16) pour commander le moteur d'entraînement (14), avec un boîtier commun (18), dans lequel le moteur d'entraînement (14) et l'unité de commande (16) sont disposés et qui comprend des ouvertures d'aération (58, 60), à travers lesquelles un courant d'air frais (66) généré par l'hélice (12) peut passer, et avec un refroidisseur (54) prévu au niveau de l'unité de commande (16), lequel est disposé au niveau d'au moins une des ouvertures d'aération (58), le refroidisseur (54) étant disposé au niveau d'une ouverture d'aération (58) qui est positionnée à proximité d'une paroi frontale (22) du boîtier (18), la paroi frontale (22) étant formée par un couvercle (22) arrière du boîtier (18) opposé à l'hélice (12), auquel est fixé le refroidisseur (54), et le boîtier (18) comprenant une autre ouverture d'aération (60) dans sa zone d'extrémité (20) opposée à cette paroi frontale (22).
  2. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'air frais (66, 120) comprend une section de courant (70) orientée essentiellement de manière coaxiale par rapport à l'axe de rotation (48, 108) de l'hélice (12, 82) et s'écoulant à l'intérieur du boîtier (18, 88).
  3. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'air frais (66, 120) comprend une section de courant (68) orientée essentiellement de manière radiale par rapport à l'axe de rotation (48, 108) de l'hélice (12, 82).
  4. Ventilateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un refroidisseur (54) est disposé dans la zone de la section de courant (68) orientée de manière radiale.
  5. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un refroidisseur (54) est disposé dans la zone d'une ouverture d'entrée d'air (58), à travers laquelle le courant d'air frais (66) entre à l'intérieur du boîtier.
  6. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le refroidisseur (54) est disposé au niveau d'une ouverture d'aération (58) qui est agencée sur une zone de paroi (24) entourant le moteur d'entraînement (14) et l'unité de commande (16) dans la direction circonférentielle.
  7. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le refroidisseur comprend des nervures de refroidissement (56) dont la surface normale est orientée essentiellement de manière perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation (48) de l'hélice (12).
  8. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'autre ouverture d'aération (60) est prévue au niveau d'un autre couvercle (20).
  9. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (18) comprend une ouverture de sortie d'air (60) à proximité de l'hélice (12) et le courant d'air frais (66) peut être déplacé en rotation autour de l'axe de rotation (48) de l'hélice (12) dans la zone de cette ouverture de sortie d'air (60).
  10. Ventilateur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'hélice (12) comprend des lamelles (64) disposées à proximité de l'ouverture de sortie d'air (60) pour un déplacement du courant d'air frais (66) autour de l'axe de rotation (48).
  11. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (16) comprend un circuit imprimé (50), le courant d'air frais (66) passant sur au moins une zone partielle du circuit imprimé (50).
  12. Ventilateur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le circuit imprimé (50) est disposé de manière orientée transversalement par rapport à l'axe de rotation (48) de l'hélice (12) dans la zone d'une section de courant radiale (68) du courant d'air frais (66).
  13. Ventilateur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le circuit imprimé (50) est fixé au niveau du refroidisseur (54) qui aboutit dans une ouverture d'aération (58).
  14. Ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le circuit imprimé (50, 114) est conçu de forme annulaire, le refroidisseur (54, 112) étant fixé au niveau du bord extérieur du circuit imprimé (50, 114).
EP01965223A 2000-09-07 2001-08-29 Ventilateur électrique Expired - Lifetime EP1224397B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10044066 2000-09-07
DE10044066A DE10044066A1 (de) 2000-09-07 2000-09-07 Elektrischer Lüfter
PCT/EP2001/009921 WO2002020994A1 (fr) 2000-09-07 2001-08-29 Ventilateur electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1224397A1 EP1224397A1 (fr) 2002-07-24
EP1224397B1 true EP1224397B1 (fr) 2009-01-14

Family

ID=7655285

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01965223A Expired - Lifetime EP1224397B1 (fr) 2000-09-07 2001-08-29 Ventilateur électrique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6682320B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1224397B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004508498A (fr)
AT (1) ATE421042T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10044066A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2317930T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0203828A2 (fr)
PT (1) PT1224397E (fr)
WO (1) WO2002020994A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
PT1224397E (pt) 2009-02-23
ATE421042T1 (de) 2009-01-15
JP2004508498A (ja) 2004-03-18
US20020187059A1 (en) 2002-12-12
HUP0203828A2 (en) 2003-03-28
US6682320B2 (en) 2004-01-27
DE10044066A1 (de) 2002-04-04
WO2002020994A1 (fr) 2002-03-14
ES2317930T3 (es) 2009-05-01
EP1224397A1 (fr) 2002-07-24
DE50114656D1 (de) 2009-03-05

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