EP1224360B1 - Construction and insulation material - Google Patents
Construction and insulation material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1224360B1 EP1224360B1 EP00971110A EP00971110A EP1224360B1 EP 1224360 B1 EP1224360 B1 EP 1224360B1 EP 00971110 A EP00971110 A EP 00971110A EP 00971110 A EP00971110 A EP 00971110A EP 1224360 B1 EP1224360 B1 EP 1224360B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- construction
- insulation material
- particles
- material according
- cut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920006329 Styropor Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/746—Recycled materials, e.g. made of used tires, bumpers or newspapers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7679—Means preventing cold bridging at the junction of an exterior wall with an interior wall or a floor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a construction and insulating material with particles of foamed Plastic, such as expandable polystyrene (EPS), which on the surface have closed pores on all sides.
- foamed Plastic such as expandable polystyrene (EPS)
- Binders as actual lightweight material elements made of foamed Plastic, for example, the known under the brand STYROPOR foamed polystyrene.
- foamed plastics are for use in a construction or insulating material either added in the form of small balls, or in the form of shredded shreds shredded material, although as a starting material also already used Parts of foamed plastic, such as packaging or the like, recycled can be.
- the major drawback of using foamed plastic in the form of small spheres is that the cohesion of the entire composite material is only relatively poor due to the shape of the plastic particles - as can be easily imagined, these particles " disperse" without mutual support, Sofeme the spaces between the individual plastic beads are completely closed by the adhesive or binder, on the other hand, the resulting material has the disadvantage of a very poor water vapor permeability - the known, laid in sheet form foamed plastics for external thermal insulation of buildings, for example, can make sense only about 4 cm layer thickness, since about the vapor barrier effect of the plate is so large that it inside the wall to be insulated to condensation phenomena with correspondingly serious disadvantages kom mt.
- Shredders used in known recycling techniques of such foamed plastics Shredders in turn have the disadvantage that the resulting snippets superficial have no closed pores, so that water and the like penetrate into the interior can, what in the overall composite of construction and insulation material major disadvantages in terms on the insulating effect as well as with regard to bacterial infestation and the like brings.
- Object of the present invention is to the mentioned disadvantages of the known Construction and insulating materials of the type described to avoid and such a material to provide, which in particular an improvement of the water vapor permeability at consistently good insulation and long-term durability guaranteed.
- the use of recycled foamed plastic easily possible be.
- This object is according to the present invention in a material of the above mentioned type solved in that the particles consist of edged Schnipseln, coated on the surface with adhesive, adhesive or binder and before curing under Release of interstices through the material to the desired shape brought together and arranged adjacent to each other.
- Such edged snippets for example, similar to those in DE 25 16 461 A1 be prepared characterized in that correspondingly fusible, foamed Plastic material by successively arranged in a crosswise offset grating with heated cutting wires moved or dropped, bringing after the last Cutting grid according to the mesh size certain sizes of substantially cubic formed edged chippings resulting from the melting process of the cutting wires on the surface on all sides closed, sealed pores. Because the Thickness of the superficial skin on such edged snippets on the cutting parameters (Temperature, cutting speed, etc.) is easily influenced, the corresponding Properties of the obtained snippets easily adapted to the respective requirements become. Apart from, for example, in sheet form present new material it also already once, for example, as packaging, used plastic parts be recycled again.
- the snippets are coated on the surface with adhesive, adhesive or binder and before its curing brought together to the desired shape. Because the superficial Melting layer in the production of snippets in the manner described above relatively water-repellent may be in the preparation of such at least partially bonded layers or forms are first used a wetting agent, after which the edged snippets for example, in a free fall mixer with binder (cement and the like) and optionally also additives (sand and the like) provided and then before curing this agent in the desired shape (for example, wall layers, building blocks or the like).
- a wetting agent after which the edged snippets for example, in a free fall mixer with binder (cement and the like) and optionally also additives (sand and the like) provided and then before curing this agent in the desired shape (for example, wall layers, building blocks or the like).
- the snippets preferably have irregular size and / or shape, thus providing a good thermal insulation effect ensured at the same time excellent water vapor diffusion can be.
- the building and insulating material according to the invention as a building block or as Surface layer used.
- the edged snippets are like described above superficially treated with appropriate binders in the block form after curing, the component can be processed as usual (cut, misplaced, etc.). Apart from that, of course, would also be a strand production possible with suitable machines.
- the bound or solidified material can be used very easily; provided such surface layers at substantially vertical walls (for example, exterior walls of houses or The like), the snippets are in a preferred embodiment the invention before the curing of the adhesive, adhesive or binder behind one of the to be coated Surface spaced formwork filled.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a device for the production of chips made of foamed plastic for construction and insulating material according to the present invention
- Fig. 2 shows as an example a single edged Schnipsei made of foamed plastic for construction and insulating material according to the invention
- Fig. 3 shows various uses of the construction and insulating material according to the invention on a partially cut multi-storey house
- Fig. 4 shows a partial section through an outer wall with a vertical insulating layer of construction and insulating material according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a building corner set with building blocks. and insulating material according to the present invention.
- the heating wires 3 not shown here Be supplied with heating current and thus heated.
- EPS expanded polystyrene
- the snippets 5 of foamed, for example, produced in the manner described Plastic are edged and have on the surface on all sides closed pores, so that no water, no microorganisms or the like in the snippets 5 penetrate can.
- These snippets 5 are ideal as building and insulating material, as this For example, with reference to FIG. 3 is easy to see.
- a layer 10 from Schnipseln 5 filled which serves for the isolation and drying of this area.
- a thermal insulation of loose embedded Schnipseln 5 provided to keep the masonry above the condensation temperature and to take over the diffused water vapor in the pore space of the Schnipselfüllung.
- the water vapor on the colder side to the ground, condense and the drops can flow into the drainage 11.
- the temperature is high enough, the Move water vapor upwards and over the exit layer into the open air. Usually both occur due to the temperature zones, physical processes.
- Of the Basement room 9 is absolutely dry! Between the filling and the soil is a water barrier inserted to drain seepage or backwater directly into the drainage 11.
- Fig. 4th On the outer wall 12 of the building and on the inner wall 13 of the basement and Attic floor standing surface layers 14 are arranged, their production to Fig. 4th is explained in more detail, and consist of Schnipseln 5 superficially with adhesive, Adhesive or binder coated and prior to curing behind one of the coated Surface spaced formwork have been filled. Apart from that, but could These layers also come from pre-assembled, for example, with tongue and groove Consist of plates, which in turn suitably made of material after the present invention are constructed.
- the roof slope 15 or the attic ceiling 16 are unbound, provided behind corresponding panels layers of Schnipseln 5 provided.
- the floors 17 are each with at least partially unbound corresponding Layers provided, the surface are occupied, for example, with tread plates or may also have thin screed layers or the like.
- Fig. 4 is an example of the production of a surface layer with material after present invention in substantially vertical walls.
- dowels 18 are placed in the unpainted wall 19, in the longer screws are screwed in with large washers.
- the snippets 5 are in a free-fall or compulsory mixer with binder (brick binder plus sand, cement plus Sand and additives, or the like) and water sheathed and then behind the Scarf beam 20 filled. After setting, the formwork can be removed, with the resulting layer is held securely by means of dowels 18 to the wall.
- the finished insulating layer can then, if desired, reinforced and plastered in a known manner become.
- Fig. 5 the use of blocks 21 can be seen, which in a known manner by filling in on the surface coated with adhesive, adhesive or binder edged Schnipseln 5 are made in appropriate shapes.
- the spaces in the blocks 21 can in the usual way for a plurality of superimposed rows with Concrete or the like filled, provided with reinforcing iron, cable channels or the like or partially left empty.
- the material of the Block 21 in turn the already repeatedly addressed advantages of the invention - about the thickness of the heat insulation can be chosen, whatever the over the remaining channels between the edged snippets certain water vapor permeability is.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bau- und Isoliermaterial mit Teilchen aus geschäumtem Kunststoff, wie beispielsweise expandierbarem Polystyrol (EPS), welche an der Oberfläche allseitig geschlossene Poren aufweisen.The invention relates to a construction and insulating material with particles of foamed Plastic, such as expandable polystyrene (EPS), which on the surface have closed pores on all sides.
Sogenannte Leichtbaustoffe, wie sie heutzutage speziell zur Verbesserung der Wärmeisolierung vielfältigste Verwendung finden, enthalten abgesehen von Stroh, Holzwolle und dergleichen organischen Leicht-Bestandteilen in den meisten Fällen neben Beton bzw. entsprechenden Bindemitteln als eigentlichen Leichtbau-Werkstoff Elemente aus geschäumtem Kunststoff, beispielsweise das unter der Marke STYROPOR bekannte geschäumte Polystyrol. Diese geschäumten Kunststoffe werden zur Verwendung in einem Bau- bzw. Isoliermaterial entweder in Form kleiner Kugeln zugesetzt, oder aber in Form von in Reißwerken in Schnipselform zerkleinertem Material, wobei dafür als Ausgangsstoff auch bereits einmal verwendete Teile aus geschäumtem Kunststoff, wie etwa Verpackungen oder dergleichen, wieder verwertet werden können.So-called lightweight materials, as they are nowadays especially for improving thermal insulation Widely used, apart from straw, wood and wool the like organic lightweight components in most cases in addition to concrete or equivalent Binders as actual lightweight material elements made of foamed Plastic, for example, the known under the brand STYROPOR foamed polystyrene. These foamed plastics are for use in a construction or insulating material either added in the form of small balls, or in the form of shredded shreds shredded material, although as a starting material also already used Parts of foamed plastic, such as packaging or the like, recycled can be.
Der große Nachteil bei der Verwendung von in Form kleiner Kugeln vorliegendem geschäumtem Kunststoff ist darin zu sehen, dass der Zusammenhalt des gesamten Verbundmaterials durch die Form der Kunststoffteilchen nur relativ schlecht ist - wie leicht vorstellbar, ""rinnen" diese Teilchen ohne gegenseitigen Halt auseinander, sodass den entsprechenden Haft- bzw. Bindemitteln erhöhte Bedeutung zukommt. Sofeme die Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Kunststoffkügelchen durch das Haft- bzw. Bindemittel vollkommen geschlossen sind, hat andererseits das erhaltene Material den Nachteil einer sehr schlechten Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit - die bekannten, in Plattenform verlegten geschäumten Kunststoffe zur äußeren Wärmeisolierung von Gebäuden können beispielsweise sinnvoll nur ca. 4 cm Schichtdicke aufweisen, da darüber die Dampfsperrwirkung der Platte so groß wird, dass es im Inneren der zu isolierenden Mauer zu Kondensationserscheinungen mit entsprechend gravierenden Nachteilen kommt.The major drawback of using foamed plastic in the form of small spheres is that the cohesion of the entire composite material is only relatively poor due to the shape of the plastic particles - as can be easily imagined, these particles " disperse" without mutual support, Sofeme the spaces between the individual plastic beads are completely closed by the adhesive or binder, on the other hand, the resulting material has the disadvantage of a very poor water vapor permeability - the known, laid in sheet form foamed plastics for external thermal insulation of buildings, for example, can make sense only about 4 cm layer thickness, since about the vapor barrier effect of the plate is so large that it inside the wall to be insulated to condensation phenomena with correspondingly serious disadvantages kom mt.
Materialien der eingangs genannten Art sind z.B. auch aus DE 35 04 110 A1 bekannt, wobei dort ein gewisser Zusammenhalt des Verbundes durch ein nachträgliches An- bzw. Zusammenschmelzen der einzelnen runden Teilchen hergestellt wird, wobei durchgehende Kanäle bzw. Poren im Verbund bleiben, was aber nur mit noch ausreichend Treibmittel enthaltenden geschäumten Teilchen und damit nicht mit Recyclingmaterial möglich ist.Materials of the type mentioned above are e.g. Also known from DE 35 04 110 A1, where there is a certain cohesion of the composite by a subsequent on or melt together the single round particle is made, with continuous channels or pores remain in the composite, but only with sufficient blowing agent containing foamed particles and thus not with recycled material is possible.
Die bei bekannten Recycling-Techniken derartiger geschäumter Kunststoffe verwendeten Reißwerke haben wiederum den Nachteil, dass die entstehenden Schnipsel oberflächlich keine geschlossenen Poren mehr aufweisen, sodass Wasser und Ähnliches ins Innere eindringen kann, was im Gesamtverbund des Bau- und Isoliermaterials große Nachteile im Hinblick auf die Isolierwirkung sowie auch im Hinblick auf Bakterienbefall und Ähnliches bringt.Used in known recycling techniques of such foamed plastics Shredders in turn have the disadvantage that the resulting snippets superficial have no closed pores, so that water and the like penetrate into the interior can, what in the overall composite of construction and insulation material major disadvantages in terms on the insulating effect as well as with regard to bacterial infestation and the like brings.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die erwähnten Nachteile der bekannten Bau- und Isoliermaterialien der beschriebenen Art zu vermeiden und ein derartiges Material bereitzustellen, welches insbesonders eine Verbesserung der Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit bei gleichbleibend guter Isolierung sowie eine Langzeithaltbarkeit garantiert. Darüber hinaus soll auch die Verwendung von wiederverwertetem geschäumtem Kunststoff problemlos möglich sein.Object of the present invention is to the mentioned disadvantages of the known Construction and insulating materials of the type described to avoid and such a material to provide, which in particular an improvement of the water vapor permeability at consistently good insulation and long-term durability guaranteed. In addition, supposedly The use of recycled foamed plastic easily possible be.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung bei einem Material der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Teilchen aus kantigen Schnipseln bestehen, oberflächlich mit Klebe-, Haft- oder Bindemittel ummantelt und vor dessen Aushärtung unter Freilassung von durch das Material durchgehenden Zwischenräumen zur gewünschten Form zusammengebracht und aneinanderliegend angeordnet sind.This object is according to the present invention in a material of the above mentioned type solved in that the particles consist of edged Schnipseln, coated on the surface with adhesive, adhesive or binder and before curing under Release of interstices through the material to the desired shape brought together and arranged adjacent to each other.
Derartige kantige Schnipsel können beispielsweise ähnlich wie in der DE 25 16 461 A1 beschrieben dadurch hergestellt werden, dass entsprechend schmelzbares, geschäumtes Kunststoffmaterial durch hintereinander kreuzweise versetzt angeordnete Schneidgitter mit erhitzten Schneiddrähten bewegt oder fallengelassen wird, womit sich nach dem letzten Schneidgitter entsprechend der Maschenweite bestimmte Größen von im wesentlichen kubisch geformten kantigen Schnipseln ergeben, die durch den Durchschmelzvorgang der Schneiddrähte an der Oberfläche allseitig geschlossene, zugeschmolzene Poren aufweisen. Da die Dicke der oberflächlichen Schmelzhaut an derartigen kantigen Schnipseln über die Schneidparameter (Temperatur, Schnittgeschwindigkeit, usw.) leicht beeinflussbar ist, können die entsprechenden Eigenschaften der erhaltenen Schnipsel leicht den jeweiligen Anforderungen angepasst werden. Abgesehen von beispielsweise in Plattenform vorliegendem Neumaterial können dabei auch bereits einmal, beispielsweise als Verpackung, verwendete Kunststoffteile wieder verwertet werden.Such edged snippets, for example, similar to those in DE 25 16 461 A1 be prepared characterized in that correspondingly fusible, foamed Plastic material by successively arranged in a crosswise offset grating with heated cutting wires moved or dropped, bringing after the last Cutting grid according to the mesh size certain sizes of substantially cubic formed edged chippings resulting from the melting process of the cutting wires on the surface on all sides closed, sealed pores. Because the Thickness of the superficial skin on such edged snippets on the cutting parameters (Temperature, cutting speed, etc.) is easily influenced, the corresponding Properties of the obtained snippets easily adapted to the respective requirements become. Apart from, for example, in sheet form present new material it also already once, for example, as packaging, used plastic parts be recycled again.
Wenn man nun derartige kantige Schnipsel beispielsweise in einem Schichtverbund auf einem zu isolierenden Boden aufbringt und diese Schicht dann mit einer entsprechend widerstandsfähigen Deckschicht versieht, hat man eine hochwirksame Isolierschicht aus geschäumten Kunststoffschnipseln, die nicht auseinander läuft (wie die beschriebenen Kunststoffkügelchen) und trotzdem dazwischen einen relativ großen Anteil an freien Diffusionskanälen für den Austausch von Wasserdampf aufweist, sodass auch eine Verbesserung der Wärmeisolierung durch Schichtdickenerhöhung keinen negativen Einfluss auf die Wasserdampfdiffusion ausübt.If you now such edged snippets, for example, in a composite layer on applied to a floor to be insulated and then this layer with a correspondingly resistant Cover layer provides, you have a highly effective insulating layer of foamed Plastic chips that do not run apart (like the plastic beads described) and still in between a relatively large proportion of free diffusion channels for the exchange of water vapor, so that also an improvement of the heat insulation by layer thickness increase no negative influence on the water vapor diffusion exercises.
Die Schnipsel sind oberflächlich mit Klebe-, Haft- oder Bindemittel ummantelt und vor dessen Aushärtung zur gewünschten Form zusammengebracht. Da die oberflächliche Schmelzschicht bei der Herstellung der Schnipsel auf die oben beschriebene Art relativ wasserabweisend ist, kann bei der Herstellung derartiger zumindest teilweise gebundener Schichten oder Formen vorerst ein Netzmittel eingesetzt werden, wonach die kantigen Schnipsel beispielsweise in einem Freifallmischer mit Bindemittel (Zement und dergleichen) und gegebenenfalls auch Zuschlagmitteln (Sand und dergleichen) versehen und sodann vor der Aushärtung dieser Mittel in die gewünschte Form (beispielsweise Wandschichten, Bausteine oder dergleichen) gebracht werden.The snippets are coated on the surface with adhesive, adhesive or binder and before its curing brought together to the desired shape. Because the superficial Melting layer in the production of snippets in the manner described above relatively water-repellent may be in the preparation of such at least partially bonded layers or forms are first used a wetting agent, after which the edged snippets for example, in a free fall mixer with binder (cement and the like) and optionally also additives (sand and the like) provided and then before curing this agent in the desired shape (for example, wall layers, building blocks or the like).
Die Schnipsel weisen bevorzugt unregelmäßige Größe und/oder Form auf, womit eine gute thermische Isolierwirkung bei gleichzeitig hervorragender Wasserdampfdiffusion sichergestellt werden kann.The snippets preferably have irregular size and / or shape, thus providing a good thermal insulation effect ensured at the same time excellent water vapor diffusion can be.
Bevorzugt wird das Bau- und Isoliermaterial gemäß der Erfindung als Baustein oder als Flächenschicht verwendet. Zur Herstellung von Bausteinen sind die kantigen Schnipsel wie oben beschrieben oberflächlich mit entsprechenden Bindemitteln behandelt in die Bausteinform einzubringen - nach dem Aushärten kann der Baustein wie üblich verarbeitet (geschnitten, verlegt, usw.) werden. Davon abgesehen wäre aber natürlich auch eine Strangherstellung mit geeigneten Maschinen möglich. Zur Herstellung von Flächenschichten kann das gebundene oder verfestigte Material sehr einfach verwendet werden; sofern derartige Flächenschichten an im wesentlichen senkrechten Wänden (beispielsweise Außenwänden von Häusern oder dergleichen) angebracht werden sollen, werden die Schnipsel in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor der Aushärtung der Klebe-, Haft- oder Bindemittel hinter eine der zu beschichtenden Fläche beabstandete Schalung gefüllt. Es können dabei Befestigungselemente, wie etwa mit großen Halteflächen versehene Dübelschrauben oder dergleichen bereits vorher zusammen mit der Schalung angebracht werden, womit die ausgehärtete senkrechte Flächenschicht nach Abnahme der Schalung sicher an der zu isolierenden Wand gehalten wird. Mit derartigen Isolierschichten können auch sehr leicht Wandunebenheiten ausgeglichen werden. Im übrigen kommen auch hier wieder die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile voll zum Tragen, gemäß welchen das Bau- und Isoliermaterial eine von der Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit praktisch unabhängige Wärmeisolierung aufweist.Preferably, the building and insulating material according to the invention as a building block or as Surface layer used. For the production of building blocks, the edged snippets are like described above superficially treated with appropriate binders in the block form after curing, the component can be processed as usual (cut, misplaced, etc.). Apart from that, of course, would also be a strand production possible with suitable machines. For the production of surface layers, the bound or solidified material can be used very easily; provided such surface layers at substantially vertical walls (for example, exterior walls of houses or The like), the snippets are in a preferred embodiment the invention before the curing of the adhesive, adhesive or binder behind one of the to be coated Surface spaced formwork filled. It can fasteners, such as provided with large retaining surfaces dowel screws or the like before be attached together with the formwork, bringing the cured vertical surface layer after removal of the formwork is securely held on the wall to be insulated. With such insulating layers can be compensated very easily wall unevenness. Moreover, the benefits of the invention come fully into play again, according to which the construction and insulating a practical of the water vapor permeability has independent thermal insulation.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden noch anhand der teilweise schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt dabei einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnipseln aus geschäumtem Kunststoff für Bau- und Isoliermaterial nach der vorliegenden Erfindung, Fig. 2 zeigt als Beispiel einen einzigen kantigen Schnipsei aus geschäumtem Kunststoff für Bau- und Isoliermaterial nach der Erfindung, hergestellt beispielsweise in einer Einrichtung nach Fig. 1, Fig. 3 zeigt verschiedene Verwendungsmöglichkeiten des erfindungsgemäßen Bau- und Isoliermaterials an einem teilweise geschnittenen mehrgeschossigen Haus, Fig. 4 zeigt einen teilweisen Schnitt durch eine Außenwand mit einer senkrechten Isolierschicht aus Bau- und Isoliermaterial nach der vorliegenden Erfindung und Fig. 5 zeigt ein Beispiel für eine Gebäudeecke gesetzt mit Bausteinen aus Bau- und Isoliermaterial nach der vorliegenden Erfindung.The invention will be described below with reference to the partially schematic drawings explained in more detail. Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a device for the production of chips made of foamed plastic for construction and insulating material according to the present invention, Fig. 2 shows as an example a single edged Schnipsei made of foamed plastic for construction and insulating material according to the invention For example, in a device according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows various uses of the construction and insulating material according to the invention on a partially cut multi-storey house, Fig. 4 shows a partial section through an outer wall with a vertical insulating layer of construction and insulating material according to the present invention and FIG. 5 shows an example of a building corner set with building blocks. and insulating material according to the present invention.
Gemäß Fig. 1 sind in der im wesentlichen aufrechtstehenden Zerkleinerungseinheit 1
drei Schneidrahmen 2 höhenversetzt eingebaut, deren Heizdrähte 3 auf hier nicht dargestellte
Weise mit Heizstrom versorgt und damit erhitzt werden. Oben aufgelegte Körper 4 aus
schmelzbarem geschäumtem Kunststoff, wie beispielsweise expandiertem Poystyrol (EPS)
sinken durch ihr Eigengewicht (könnten aber natürlich auch nach unten gedrückt werden)
durch den obersten Schneidrahmen 2, der entweder bei gitterartig linear gespannten Heizdrähten
Scheiben aus den Körpern 4 schneidet oder aber bei bereits kreuzweise angeordneten
Schneiddrähten längliche Quader. Diese Teile fallen auf den nächsten Schneidrahmen 2,
wobei sie relativ ungeordnet zu liegen kommen und weiter zerkleinert werden; nach dem
Durchgang durch den dritten Schneidrahmen 2 entstehen im wesentlichen kubische Schnipsel
5 - vergrößert dargestellt in Fig. 2.According to FIG. 1, in the substantially upright comminution unit 1
installed vertically offset three
Durch die Gitterweite bzw. Ausrichtung der Schneidrahmen 2 kann Größe und Form
der Schnipsei 5 beeinflusst werden. Speziell durch die Temperatur der Heizdrähte 3 kann die
entstehende Schmelzhaut an der Oberfläche der Schnipsel 5 in Dicke und Konsistenz beeinflusst
werden. Die an der Unterseite der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung nach Fig. 1 in einem
Sammelbereich 6 anfallenden Schnipsel 5 können kontinuierlich oder auch intermittierend
über ein Gebläse 7 abgesaugt und über eine Leitung 8 weitertransportiert werden, wobei die
Einlaufseite dieses Gebläses 7 hier einen Abstand zur Unterseite des Sammelbereiches 6
aufweist, sodass die angesaugte Luft nicht durch die gesamte Schneideinrichtung gesaugt
wird.Due to the grid width or orientation of the
Die beispielsweise auf die beschriebene Art hergestellten Schnipsel 5 aus geschäumtem
Kunststoff sind kantig und weisen an der Oberfläche allseitig geschlossene Poren auf,
sodass kein Wasser, keine Mikroorganismen oder dergleichen in die Schnipsel 5 eindringen
können. Diese Schnipsel 5 eignen sich hervorragend als Bau- und Isoliermaterial, wie dies
beispielsweise anhand der Fig. 3 leicht zu ersehen ist. Hier ist beispielsweise im Bereich der
Kelleraußenwand 9 zwischen dieser und dem umgebenden Erdreich eine Schicht 10 aus
Schnipseln 5 eingefüllt, die zur Isolierung und Trocknung dieses Bereiches dient. Durch die
Atmungsaktivität der Kellerwände 9 und durch die Temperaturdifferenz Kellerraum-Erdreich
bedingt, wird der im Raum vorhandene Wasserdampf auf die kältere Außenseite geleitet und
soll von dort ungehindert an die Außenluft oder an das umgebene Material abgegeben werden.
Nach der üblichen Art, Wände unter dem Erdniveau mit wasserundurchlässigen Schichten
(-Bitumen oder Kunststoffanstriche, Dachpappe, Folien, vollflächig geklebten, dichten
Isolierplatten und anderem) direkt abzudichten, um Eindringen von Sicker und Stauwasser in
die Wände zu vermelden wird die Atmungsaktivität vollständig verhindert - der Keller wird
feucht.The snippets 5 of foamed, for example, produced in the manner described
Plastic are edged and have on the surface on all sides closed pores,
so that no water, no microorganisms or the like in the snippets 5 penetrate
can. These snippets 5 are ideal as building and insulating material, as this
For example, with reference to FIG. 3 is easy to see. Here, for example, in the field of
Kelleraußenwand 9 between this and the surrounding soil a
Im vorliegenden Fall ist nun eine Wärmeaußenisolierung aus lose eingebetteten
Schnipseln 5 vorgesehen, um das Mauerwerk über der Kondensationstemperatur zu halten
und den ausdiffundierten Wasserdampf in den Porenraum der Schnipselfüllung zu übernehmen.
Hier kann der Wasserdampf an der kälteren Seite zum Erdreich hin, kondensieren und
die Tropfen können in die Dränage 11 fließen. Ist die Temperatur hoch genug, wird der
Wasserdampf nach oben und über die Austrittsschichte ins Freie gelangen. Meist werden
beide, durch die Temperaturzonen hervorgerufenen, physikalischen Vorgänge eintreten. Der
Kellerraum 9 wird absolut trocken! Zwischen der Füllung und dem Erdreich ist eine Wassersperre
eingelegt, um Sicker- oder Stauwasser direkt in die Dränage 11 abzuleiten.In the present case, a thermal insulation of loose embedded
Schnipseln 5 provided to keep the masonry above the condensation temperature
and to take over the diffused water vapor in the pore space of the Schnipselfüllung.
Here, the water vapor on the colder side to the ground, condense and
the drops can flow into the drainage 11. If the temperature is high enough, the
Move water vapor upwards and over the exit layer into the open air. Mostly
both occur due to the temperature zones, physical processes. Of the
An der Außenwand 12 des Gebäudes sowie an der Innenwand 13 des Keller- und
Dachgeschosses sind stehende Flächenschichten 14 angeordnet, deren Herstellung zu Fig. 4
noch näher erläutert ist, und die aus Schnipseln 5 bestehen, die oberflächlich mit Klebe-,
Haft- oder Bindemittel ummantelt und vor dessen Aushärtung hinter eine der zu beschichtenden
Fläche beabstandete Schalung gefüllt worden sind. Davon abgesehen könnten aber
diese Schichten auch aus beispielsweise mit Nut und Feder zusammengebrachten vorkonfektionierten
Platten bestehen, welche ihrerseits auf geeignete Weise aus Material nach der
vorliegenden Erfindung aufgebaut sind.On the
Im Bereich der Dachschräge 15 bzw. der Dachgeschossdecke 16 sind ungebundene,
hinter entsprechende Verkleidungen eingebrachte Schichten aus Schnipseln 5 vorgesehen.
Die Fußböden 17 sind jeweils mit zumindest teilweise ungebundenen entsprechenden
Schichten versehen, die oberflächlich beispielsweise mit Trittplatten belegt sind oder aber
auch dünne Estrichschichten oder dergleichen aufweisen können.In the area of the
Bei allen aus Fig. 3 ersichtlichen Anwendungen kommt der wesentliche Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Materials zum Tragen, dass die Schichtdicke zur Erhöhung der Wärmeisolierung ohne weiteres erhöht werden kann, ohne dass dadurch die Wasserdampfdiffusion durch die Schicht nennenswert behindert bzw. verschlechtert würde. In all of Fig. 3 apparent applications comes the main advantage of material according to the invention for carrying, that the layer thickness to increase the thermal insulation can be easily increased without thereby the water vapor diffusion would be appreciably hampered or worsened by the layer.
In Fig. 4 ist ein Beispiel für die Herstellung einer Flächenschicht mit Material nach der
vorliegenden Erfindung an in wesentlichen senkrechten Wänden zu ersehen. In einem bestimmten
Raster z.B. (50 x 50 cm) werden Dübel 18 in die unverputzte Mauer 19 versetzt, in
die längere Schrauben mit großen Unterlagsscheiben eingeschraubt werden. Schalbalken 20,
die in einer Ausdehnung über zwei bis vier Rasterfelder reichen können und beispielsweise
ein Rasterfeld breit sind, werden außen im vorgesehenen Schichtdickenabstand montiert.
Fenster- und Türaussparungen werden auf hier nicht ersichtliche Weise mittels verlorener
oder demontierbarer Rahmen an den Schalplatten 20 befestigt. Die Schnipsel 5 werden in
einem Freifall- oder Zwangsmischer mit Bindemittel (Mauerbinder plus Sand, Zement plus
Sand und Zusätze, oder dergleichen) und Wasser ummantelt und anschließend hinter die
Schalbalken 20 gefüllt. Nach dem Abbinden kann die Schalung entfernt werden, wobei die
entstehende Schicht sicher mittels der Dübel 18 an der Mauer gehalten wird. Die fertige Isolierschicht
kann anschließend wenn gewünscht auf bekannte Weise noch armiert und verputzt
werden.In Fig. 4 is an example of the production of a surface layer with material after
present invention in substantially vertical walls. In a certain
Raster e.g. (50 x 50 cm)
In Fig. 5 ist die Verwendung von Bausteinen 21 zu ersehen, die auf bekannte Weise
durch Einfüllen von oberflächlich mit Klebe-, Haft- oder Bindemittel ummantelten kantigen
Schnipseln 5 in entsprechende Formen hergestellt sind. Die Zwischenräume in den Bausteinen
21 können auf übliche Weise für jeweils mehrere übereinander angeordnete Reihen mit
Beton oder Ähnlichem gefüllt, mit Verstärkungseisen, Kabelkanälen oder dergleichen versehen
oder bereichsweise auch leer gelassen werden. Auf alle Fälle bringt das Material des
Bausteins 21 wiederum die bereits mehrfach angesprochenen Vorteile der Erfindung - über
die Dicke kann die Wärmeisolierung gewählt werden, welche unabhängig von der über die
verbleibenden Kanäle zwischen den kantigen Schnipseln bestimmten Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit
ist.In Fig. 5, the use of
Claims (6)
- Construction and insulation material comprising particles made from foamed synthetic material, which have pores enclosed on all sides at the surface,
characterised in that
the particles comprise angular-cut particles (5) surface-coated with adhesive agent, bonding agent or binding agent being combined, before the hardening of the same, into the desired form and arranged in contact with one another leaving open intermediate cavities extending through the material. - Construction and insulation material according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the cut particles (5) are of irregular size and/or shape. - Building block (21) made from construction and insulation material according to claim 2.
- Two-dimensional layer (14), especially a thermal or sound insulating layer made from the construction and insulation material according to claim 1 or 2.
- Two-dimensional layer (14) according to claim 4 on substantially vertical walls,
characterised in that,
before the hardening of the adhesive agent, bonding agent or binding agent, the cut particles (5) are filled behind a shuttering (20) disposed at a distance from the area to be coated. - Method for the manufacture of cut particles made from foamed synthetic material for use as construction and insulation material according to one or more of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in that
recovered, recyclable synthetic material (4) is cut to size by means of preferably electrically-heated cutting wires (3) arranged essentially in the form of a mesh.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200030822T SI1224360T1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2000-10-25 | Construction and insulation material |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT180899 | 1999-10-27 | ||
AT0180899A AT410957B (en) | 1999-10-27 | 1999-10-27 | BUILDING AND INSULATION MATERIAL |
PCT/AT2000/000278 WO2001031132A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2000-10-25 | Construction and insulation material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1224360A1 EP1224360A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
EP1224360B1 true EP1224360B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
Family
ID=3521422
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00971110A Expired - Lifetime EP1224360B1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2000-10-25 | Construction and insulation material |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1224360B1 (en) |
AT (2) | AT410957B (en) |
AU (1) | AU1006501A (en) |
DE (1) | DE50011926D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001031132A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3504110A1 (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1986-09-04 | Karl 7000 Stuttgart Haug | Exterior-wall insulating system |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1073158A (en) * | 1952-03-22 | 1954-09-20 | Basf Ag | Manufacturing process of low density building elements |
DE1683977B1 (en) * | 1968-02-09 | 1972-04-27 | Silberkuhl Wilhelm Johannes Di | Process for coating components such as plates, shells or folded structures made of reinforced concrete with synthetic resin foam |
DE2516461A1 (en) | 1975-04-15 | 1976-11-04 | Adolf Ehinger | Hot wire foam-plastic cutter - for disintegrating used foam packaging pieces or mouldings prior to re-use |
WO1988005765A1 (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-11 | Markus Stracke | Process for producing lightweight concrete |
AT399004B (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1995-03-27 | Stracke Ing Markus | THERMAL INSULATION PANEL |
EP0733028A1 (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1996-09-25 | STRACKE, Wolfgang | Method for supplying premixed lightweight concrete mass |
DE29723244U1 (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-06-10 | Alpha Brevet S.A., Genf/Genève | Facade panel or facade structure element |
-
1999
- 1999-10-27 AT AT0180899A patent/AT410957B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-10-25 AT AT00971110T patent/ATE313670T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-25 AU AU10065/01A patent/AU1006501A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-25 DE DE50011926T patent/DE50011926D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-25 WO PCT/AT2000/000278 patent/WO2001031132A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-10-25 EP EP00971110A patent/EP1224360B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3504110A1 (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1986-09-04 | Karl 7000 Stuttgart Haug | Exterior-wall insulating system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1224360A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
AT410957B (en) | 2003-09-25 |
WO2001031132A1 (en) | 2001-05-03 |
AU1006501A (en) | 2001-05-08 |
DE50011926D1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
ATE313670T1 (en) | 2006-01-15 |
ATA180899A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
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