DE1534738A1 - Insulating plate - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Karl-Α. Brose,,,

Dipl.-Ing. Ml »JLu; V |« J.A> Munich-Pullach ~ "

Wl.n «rSff.2.-T.I.M0neh.n 790570 1534738

K / Hs Münohen-PuUaoh, November 22nd, X96j

GELLAIH LIMITED, Albert Road North, Heigate, Surrey, England

Isolation plate.

The invention relates to the thermal insulation and, if necessary, the insulation of buildings, and relates in particular to a plate for insulation of floors, ceilings and roofs.

• Residential houses and industrial buildings want to be thermally insulated with it in cold weather heat is kept inside and in warm weather the buildings are kept cool. This is special then the pail, if the building has air conditioning or central heating, to use an independent system if possible to operate economically.

Furthermore, floors are especially insulated for the purpose of soundproofing .

It is well known that plastics have, in particular very good thermal insulation properties when foamed; In construction, however, these materials are not used if the parts made from them have any .Pressures are exposed, since such plastics are in sioh not strong enough, which is especially true when they are to be exposed to relatively high temperatures or are only thinly thick *

The invention thus relates to a plate for use in

009S51 / 0299

1334738

Bauweatn and consists essentially in daaa the plate has a plastic layer with good thermal insulation and daaa mineatena on one side of the plate an additional one another bohicht is glued on.

The Kunatatoffaohioht preferably consists of a plate of auffeschäumtem polistyren, wit, for example, the under the W "rtnseiohen ^lt S7IB0fOAH ^lt commercially erhältliohen or aufgesohäumtem POLYURETHANE. A solid or rigid plastic material such as solid urethane can also be used. The thickness of the Kunstatoffaohioht used depends on the desired thermal insulation and with expanded polyurethane the dioke can be between 1.2 and 20 cm

The outer sole can consist of any material, and depending on the purpose for which the insulating plate is tested. If you want to insulate a white ceiling, the second layer consists of paper or cardboard, although a woven material or even chipboard can be used. The diameter of this additional material depends on its material properties and, in connection therewith, on the required mechanical strength and is preferably between 0.5 and 1.1 mm. Be a beaondera two-mäaaigen leollerplatte according to the invention for insulating ceilings, the additional Sohioht consists of cardboard or paper vqr o, 85 mm Dioke and a square meter of about 47o gr.

Depending on the environmental conditions, paper and cardboard have the Ability to expand or contract aioh. But aioh showed that de.01 could not grow records at all

this effect is reasonable with a thickness of ο.85 mm. In any case, the effect does not occur when the size of the slab is around 2 χ 1.3 m. Usually, flats of such a format are used that at least one dimension is a multiple of the spacing β between the joists if the slabs are used, for example, for a Deoke.

The plate according to the invention is particularly Eweok-like when building roofs.

When building roofs, eusatclioh sum must be insulating material Hot asphalt bitumen or similar mastic material can be used to make the structure watertight and around increase its mechanical strength. Different types have hot asphalt, tar, bitumen, and the like Softening temperatures of about 60-1oo ° C; however, the application temperature can reach 17o - 23o ° C. With these However, various plastics such as 2.B. Foamed Poltetyren or Poliurethan attacked because they have relatively low melting points.

So if the insulation panels Bum intended building roofs are, then the additional Sahloht has such dimensions and such chemical and physical properties; that it shields the plastic material against such physical effects that otherwise the plastic material would damage) That means e.B. Temperatures of 17o -23o ° E when using light asphalt or bitumen. In such cases, the EUSätEliohe Sohloht also serves to the strength of the plastic exceeds forces, i.e. Press fromEUfangtn.

009861/0208

This additional or protective layer can for example be a continuous sheet of granular material or of loose fibrous material, which.s preferably in matted 'shape is used. The extra layer can for example consist of chipboard, Äsb.est or paper or cardboard. She can too consist of a mushroom paper interspersed with bitumen, mineral or other refractory fibers, e.g. glass fibers or another fabric, which on one or both sides with an aluminum foil or a foil is proven by another comparable material.

Preferably and according to a particularly useful feature According to the invention, the additional layer comprises a corrugated or corrugated part, for example corrugated cardboard or with bitumen soaked corrugated felt. In the latter case, a layer of corrugated felt is placed between two layers of felt and covers this layer thus obtained with bitumen by they are immersed in a suitable container, for example, but proceed in such a way that the Cavities given by the corrugated felt are not filled with bitumen, so that the insulating properties of this protective layer not be lost or diminished.

The thickness of the additional layer depends of course on the desired thermal insulation or on the required mechanical Strength. In the case of corrugated cardboard, appropriate values are between 0.7 and 2.5 om. The corrugated felt or the Corrugated cardboard can optionally be multilayered · For example, the layer can be formed by a body, which in turn consists of two or three layers of corrugated material placed one on top of the other, but with a cardboard " or sheet of paper between adjoining curled

009851/0296

Layers are arranged and similar sheets also the Form outer surfaces of this part of the insulating plate. According to a further two-dimensional idea of the invention iat the corrugated or corrugated part is honeycomb-cellular, with which one obtains a particularly good mechanical strength. This feature is important when the Isolation plate is to be used as a floor covering.

The insulating plate according to the invention is particularly two-dimensional for the insulation of floors, because aie has acoustical and heat-insulating effect and also a protection against represents upward spreading moisture. When using the board according to the invention, all floor insulation it consists in two ways of an inner core made of, for example, foamed polystyrene with closed Cells and layers of gray cardboard, for example, glued on both sides. Such a plate can immediately the concrete can be laid and the floor covering, for example made of fiberboard, can then be laid on top of it, whereby one the usual Iaolierungskoaten for floors considerably and also saves the time in which an initially liquid insulating material dries or hardens.

The additional layer can be firmly connected to the plastic material in practically any desired manner. For example, the additional layer can be made by means of an adhesive 'attached to the prefabricated plastic plate atin. egg aioh pointed out that there is a dafca when gluing on glued Paper on sheets of foamed polystyrene, a contraction of the paper or the Cardboard takes place and thereby the plastic material is bent. To get this !! angel off, there will be a few more

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L f

Thought of the invention the paper or cardboard initially pretreated with a water-repellent agent »such as Water glass or the like, which prevents the cardboard as it dries does not shrink. This means that the sheet cannot be deformed when it dries.

However, the additional layer with the Plastic material connected, while the plate is made of plastic material itself.

The invention thus provides a method for producing the Insulating plate, in which this additional layer is brought into contact with a layer of plastic material, which is on the touch side in liquid or sticky or pie-like form, where does that Plastic material can sit down and the two elements are securely joined together. ·

This additional plate can be provided on one side of the plastic plate or the plastic material can be enclosed between two such additional plates, which may have different combinations * settlement or type of construction. According to a further important idea, the insulating plate according to the invention can have the protective layer explained above on one side of the plastic material, while on the other side one Reinforcing material, which consists for example of paper, of a woven fabric or the like. Gray cardboard or paper felt can also be used .;

The insulating plate according to the invention can be produced in any desired outline shape and then cut to the appropriate dimensions. The cutting can be done

00015

at Herateller or on the construction site. Regarding For the dimensions of insulation panels for ceilings, reference is made to the above. If you have insulation panels for roofs used, then they have dimensions of preferably 2 χ 1.3 m or 1.3 χ ο, 65 m (depending on the usual standards). If mushroom material is used in the additional layer or layers, then preferably Sizes of 2 χ 1 m used as mushroom normally is delivered with a width of 1 m and overlaps or shocks in such a layer are undesirable. When using the insulating plates according to the invention for floors they are preferably 2 χ 1.3 m «

In this case, the thickness of the plastic material depends on the desired thermal insulation and is two-dimensional o, 65 and 10 cm. Practical values are approximately 1.25 thicknesses or 1.8 cm thick.

It should also be noted that the shape and properties of the insulation panels are sometimes affected by local Building regulations are prescribed «According to a two-way development of the invention, non-flammable plastic material 'and / or the panels themselves can be provided with a fire-resistant coating or an appropriate impregnation.

Although in most cases the surfaces of the insulating panel according to the invention are parallel to one another, it may sometimes be desirable for the panel to have a wedge-shaped cross-section, for example when the panels are used in the construction of roofs, so that the lower upper -. surface is horizontal and the upper surface of the plate corresponds to the slope of the roof so that rainwater can run off. 00985 1 / Ö296

Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Figure 1 shows a cross section through a plate according to

Invention in building; and FIG. 2 shows the plate according to FIG. 1 with an applied

Asphalt layer.

The insulating plate shown in cross section in FIG should be used when building a roof. The plate has a layer 1 made of foamed polyurethane. A protective layer 2 is glued to the lower surface and a reinforcement layer 3 on the upper surface.

In the manufacture of the plate according to FIG. 1, the protective layer 2 is first placed in a trough (not shown). This protective layer 2 consists of relatively stiff, corrugated felt, which is soaked with bitumen. This layer was produced by dipping the corrugated felt 4 lying between two layers 5 in bitumen in such a way that there is essentially no bitumen in the spaces formed by the corrugated felt. Then, foamable or already foamed into the trough 'POLYURETHANE is pumped in liquid form (at about 22 ⁰ C), so that this mass on the layer 2 comes to rest. The amount of plastic introduced naturally determines the thickness of the plastic layer in the later finished panel. The reinforcing layer 3 »consisting of paper felt is then placed on the upper surface of the foamed polyurethane. The layer of foamed polyurethane is then allowed to cool down, so that the protective layer 2, the reinforcement layer / and the layer 1 of foamed biurethane

009851/0206

be connected to each other.

Panels produced in this way can then be brought to the construction site and installed as prefabricated components the layer with bitumen-soaked felt the supreme is. If necessary, one or more additional layers of bitumen-soaked mushroom or other can then be added Material to be placed on the insulation panels after they are built in.

Then you can (see now Figure 2) hot bitumen 6 or Pour hot asphalt on layer 2 to make the plate arrangement watertight and mechanical

to make it tighter. The asphalt or bitumen also serves to seal the connections between adjacent panels. Since the layer, consisting of bitumen-soaked corrugated felt, has good thermal insulation properties, the temperature of the hot asphalt or bitumen can no longer damage the polyurethane. A covering produced in this way prevents any penetration of moisture through the roof and moreover forms a surface of such strength that construction workers can walk on it without the insulating layer itself being able to be destroyed by impressions and indentations.

The second and third embodiments of the invention are used to insulate ceilings, but can also be used for insulation of the interior walls of buildings. The plates can even be used to make lids themselves or used to erect intermediate walls.

The second version is foamed KLiurethane

009851/0296

-loan bothj ^ eiteja.protected with .grainboard or the like. When manufacturing such a plate, foamed or foamable POLYURETHANE in liquid form is pumped (at about 22 ⁰ C) between two layers, each consisting of a sheet of, for example chipboard with ο, 85 mm thickness, and this multilayered device is then allowed to cool. The plastic material solidifies and settles and the cover sheets made of paper or cardboard are firmly bonded to the surfaces of the polyurethane layer in this way. In the third embodiment of the invention, an insulating plate has an additional layer on only one side. In this embodiment, foamed or foamable polyurethane is pumped or poured in liquid form into a trough, the bottom surface of which is covered with a moving or movable continuous sheet of machine gray cardboard or the like. The polyurethane foam is placed in the trough and comes into contact with the cardboard so that a layer of the desired thickness is formed and then the polyurethane foam is allowed to cool so that the cardboard is firmly bonded to a surface of the polyurethane. This continuously produced web is then cut into panels with the desired dimensions, for example 2 × 1.3 m or 1.3 × 65 m.

The insulating panels obtained in this way are then attached to the ceiling, e.g. by means of nails, screws or with a Adhesive - you can also create a blanket yourself. It has turned out to be made only of expanded polistyrene or similar existing panels are not strong enough, to be attached to ceiling joists. The plates but according to the invention are firm enough for this purpose.

009851/0296

Xweokmäsaig the insulation panels are nailed on and the Connections between them are made with a plastic compound filled, the 25.B. is commercially available under the trademark "AHTEX" and then becomes a 2 1/2 inch Tissue (kraft scrim) or the like attached dieaea Tissue and the nails are painted using the same plastic compound so that they are covered. the in this way the lower surface of the ceiling is produced then with an accessible compound made of the same plastic compound and then a fibrous one at the end Tissue or the like applied and the blanket finished in the desired manner, e.g. spotted or like that.

In this way you get a ceiling that is not very low Costs can be produced and no further maintenance is required, which has particularly good thermal properties, so that no further thermal insulation is required. The ceiling has a decorative appearance.

All the details shown are important for the invention.

009851/0296

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Insulating plate containing a layer of plastic with good thermal insulation properties, characterized in that at least one surface of this plastic layer another layer is attached. 2. Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic consists of expanded granular polystyrene, 3. Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic consists of polyurethane foam. 4. Plate according to the preceding claims, characterized in that that the additional layer is made of paper or cardboard. 5. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each additional layer in corrugated shape, i.e. made of corrugated cardboard, for example. 6. Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional layer has such dimensions and consists of such a material that it is the plastic against the Shields the thermal effect of hot asphalt or bitumen, which is applied to the outer side of the additional layer will. 7 · Method of manufacturing a plate according to the claims 1 or 6, characterized in that the additional layer is brought into contact with the plastic material, wherein at least those in contact with the additional layer ' 009851/0285 coming surface of the Kunatatoffea aich in liquid, sticky or doughy form, and that one then allows this plastic material to harden in contact with the additional layer. 009851/0296 4H Blank page