DE102016117032A1 - Covering layer component and drywall system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cover layer component (1) with homogeneous wear properties and high impact and weather resistance, wherein the cover layer component (1) is designed as a substantially flat textile concrete of a small thickness between 3 mm and 100 mm and as a matrix material concrete (2) together with a reinforcement of at least one textile fabric (3). The invention further relates to the production and use of the cover layer component as well as a sandwich component formed therefrom.

Description

The invention relates to a cover layer component with homogeneous support properties and high impact and weather resistance, its production and use and a drywall system and a sandwich system.

In buildings there are support structures (eg ceilings, walls, columns and foundations). These constructions are u. a. made of reinforced concrete, masonry or wood. Furthermore, there are so-called non-load-bearing constructions, which are usually supplemented later in the finished load-bearing construction. These are therefore structures that have a predominantly separating function, for example with regard to heat, sound and vision. These constructions include space-enclosing walls, also known as partitions.

So far, partitions inside a building are often made of aerated concrete blocks, but above all of drywall. The drywall is often referred to in everyday life as a plasterboard wall or stud wall. In these walls, usually a stand construction made of wood, sheet metal and / or steel profiles, this provided with insulation and then u. a. Planked with plasterboard or gypsum fiber boards.

Such drywall systems are known, for example from the publications DE 10 2013 106 880 A1 and DE 20 2012 102 265 U1 Introducing complete systems with stands, panels and fasteners. Also, various construction panels with special features that are suitable for such systems are known. This is how the document describes DE 299 09 388 U1 a layer structure that provides a foam core between two gypsum boards. In the gypsum board according to document DE 10 2007 045 122 A1 are provided a pre-applied plaster base and a plaster layer.

A number of solutions provide different aggregates or reinforcements that cause different effects, especially improved strength. This concerns the pamphlets DE 10 2009 056 015 A1 (Use of coconut shells and others) and DE 296 22 087 U1 (Use of cardboard and plant fibers), each with gypsum as matrix material. In a number of solutions, however, is provided as a matrix material loam, with reference to document AT 11 690 U1 Paper fibers are added, according to document DE 10 2007 002 947 A1 the clay plate receives a hydrophobic cover layer and after publication DE 40 17 057 C2 a Textillehmplatte is formed by the core layer on both sides receives a textile overlay and thus better withstand stress. However, the proposed measures are not sufficient to make the only slightly resilient plate material so that it could tolerate shock loads against the surface and local load entry.

The simple drywall with plasterboard therefore initially offer only a visual and thermal protection. In order to ensure sound insulation, special decoupling (including joint tapes) is necessary. If the drywall walls are erected in a humid environment (eg bathroom), special gypsum plasterboards are to be used. If greater mechanical loads are to be expected, short-fiber-reinforced plasterboard or short-fiber-reinforced cement-bonded boards are used. In order to be able to attach constructions such as wall cabinets with local load input, reinforcing elements, which consist for example of wood or sheet metal, are usually to be fitted in front of the plasterboard panels at the intended location.

In order to prevent damage to the walls when external loads (eg in a hospital due to the impact of beds, food trolleys or cleaning appliances) are involved, additional cladding in the form of impact bars and corner protection profiles must be applied to the walls. These panels are usually made of plastic or stainless steel, see for example the pamphlets DE 20 2014 103 302 U1 . DE 299 24 181 U1 and EP 10 79 041 A1 (as well as in the Internet under http://www.brem-systeme.de/de/wandschutz/wandschutz.html ). Another type of protective edge is introduced directly into the plaster. An example of this is described in the document DE 33 09 114 A1 ,

The cover layers of the drywall used previously do not provide the necessary capacity to without further measures to at least local reinforcement structures such. As wall cabinets to install or external loads such. B. the impact of a hospital bed, without taking damage. There are additional reinforcing elements and panels necessary.

The cladding to protect the walls are to be installed subsequently and thus - apart from plastered in solid walls corner protection strips - always visible, which represents an optical limitation. Furthermore, these additional protection and reinforcement measures are associated with additional costs and a higher time spent on the construction. They also limit the usable space (eg corridor width at escape routes). The corner protection profiles used in practical use are in an ordinary Edge length of about 5 cm often too short, so that it comes to damage immediately behind the corner protection profiles.

For the attachment of wall cabinets, shelves or other loads, the position of the reinforcing elements behind the cover layer should already be determined during the erection of the wall. If later loads are to be attached to a location not specified in advance, this is usually associated with an opening and a subsequent reinforcement of the wall. This represents a complex and expensive process.

Plasterboard, Lehmbauplatten or similar elements are usually sensitive to moisture and must u. a. Protected from moisture during transport, storage and during and after installation.

An improved moisture resistance has all cementitious plates, which are also known from the prior art. This is how the document describes DE 10 2014 019 352 B3 a sandwich panel, which is to serve the fire protection and has a core layer between cement-bound cover layers. All layers are provided with materials that serve the improved fire protection. In addition, it is intended to introduce fibers into the cover layer.

The publication DE 10 2009 047 917 B4 also describes a sandwich panel comprising cover layers and a core layer. It is a multi-layer, curved cement-based lightweight board for wallcoverings of a drywall system. It has a core layer of lightweight concrete, wherein on both major surfaces of the core layer, a cover layer is arranged, which has a solid mortar matrix, made of hydrated cement stone, and at least one lightweight aggregate material substantially. In at least one cover layer, a reinforcement, in particular in the form of a textile Armierungsflächengebildes, embedded. The proposed plate is characterized by a possible bending radius ≤ 120, preferably between 20 and 80 cm. It has a slot with parallel slots transverse to the bending of the lightweight panel, the slots extending from one major surface of the lightweight panel and extending through the following cover layer and into the core layer or through the core layer to a maximum of reinforcement of the other cover layer, without violating this reinforcement , In addition, a fixing coating of a hardened adhesive coating is provided on the slit having curved main surface of the lightweight board.

Another sandwich panel suggests the publication DE 20 2014 000 932 U1 before, wherein in the core layer channels are provided and cover layers made of lightweight concrete can be used.

Similar monolithically produced sandwich panels with a light core and mostly reinforced cover layers are from the documents DE 10 2005 004 149 A1 . EP 1 685 932 A1 . US Pat. No. 3,284,980 and DE 198 04 325 C2 known.

Another similar, not disclosed in printed form sandwich panel is proposed by the manufacturer Fermacell as Powerpanel HD cement-bonded, fiberglass-reinforced sandwich panel. Through a expanded clay or recycled glass foam granules as a supplement in the core layer, a low weight is achieved. To improve the strength, a reinforcement of alkali-resistant glass fibers is provided in the cover layers.

However, all the above-mentioned sandwich panels have the disadvantage in common that the relatively high bending stiffness with reduced density means that the reinforcement, which is very strong due to its reinforcement, has thin and light outer layers only a low compressive strength. Added to this is the problem that occurring loads in the lightweight, porous core layer are not absorbed and the top layer breaks in at the point of loading, d. H. a failure in the pressure zone of the plate takes place.

But not only in the drywall walls, the wall surfaces and corners are damaged by force. Even with walls that are made of gas concrete or brick material (poroton), it is regularly damaged. Damage also occurs on thermally insulated cover layer components.

Above all, the non-load-bearing walls should ensure good heat and sound insulation and be inexpensive, easy to manufacture and install. Furthermore, it should be possible to attach to these walls constructions, such as cabinets of kitchen equipment, sinks and shelves. Also devices, such as TV sets and measurement and control technology in the hospital should be able to be installed. Despite being as simple as possible, the walls should continue to be resistant to external influences such as pressure or shock loads and moisture. The wall should not be damaged if z. B. in a hospital, a hospital bed or food cart abuts it. In addition, the wall should be fire resistant and non-flammable. Also the wishes for multifunctional walls, the z. B. can be heated, rise.

The object of the present invention is therefore to offer elements that are integrated into the known and existing drywall systems, but also for newly developed wall, ceiling and floor systems are available. The elements should be inexpensive, easy to process and cut to size. They should also be able to be easily stored and used in a humid environment. It should continue to be possible, constructions or loads, such. As wall cabinets to fix without having to install further reinforcing elements in the wall. Furthermore, the wall should be so strong that on protective panels, in the form of z. As corner protection profiles and impact bars, can be dispensed in the vast majority of common applications. The wall elements should also be non-flammable and fire-resistant. In addition, they should ensure better sound insulation than the known plasterboard. Also, it should be easier by the invention to remove applied wallpaper without significant damage to the wall surface of the wall again.

The object is achieved by a cover layer component with homogeneous support properties and high impact and weather resistance. This is achieved in that the outer layer component is designed as a substantially flat running textile concrete of a small thickness between 3 mm and 100 mm, wherein the preferred thickness is in the range of 5 to 30 mm. For drywall walls preferably thicknesses of 10 to 25 mm are used.

The textile concrete comprises as a substantially homogeneous matrix material preferably high-strength concrete, which dispenses primarily with volume-increasing lightweight aggregates, together with a reinforcement of at least one textile fabric, in at least one layer, preferably two layers. Instead of the previously used materials, such as. B. plasterboard, is thus used as a matrix material concrete together with one or more textile fabrics. This combination of concrete and textile fabric is hereinafter, but also commonly referred to as textile concrete. It has proved to be advantageous if the substantially homogeneous matrix material without lightweight aggregates, ie without density-reducing additives, and without a multi-layer structure, except for the reinforcement, is used. By such a substantially homogeneous matrix material concrete, a particularly high strength is achieved across the surface extent. In particular, the pressure and impact resistance is significantly higher than in an inhomogeneous structure, as provided him similar cement-bonded panel materials according to the prior art. According to the invention, the higher overall density is compensated for by the fact that the thickness of the outer layer component according to the invention is minimized, but nevertheless has a high tensile strength and, above all, bending strength due to the reinforcement.

As a textile fabric that forms the reinforcement, all surface-formed textile-based materials come into question, as they are commonly used for textile concrete. These are, for example, scrim, fabric or knit, which improve the mechanical strength of especially thin-walled components as a reinforcement. For example, rovings made of glass, carbon or basalt are used for the production of the textile fabric. But there are also other alkali-resistant fibers into consideration. These can be used as a prefabricated semi-finished product or made at the place of manufacture to measure and / or load-appropriate, preferably made of rovings.

The concrete used is predominantly high-strength, but can also be made particularly easy or flexible by appropriate mixing compositions. The reinforcement of textile fabrics can be made of different materials, but preferably of glass, carbon or basalt. The cover layer components according to the invention can be placed or inserted into a recess, the latter in order to continue to obtain a flat surface.

The core of the invention is that - instead of the previously used materials - concrete with textile fabrics is used, which is significantly more sustainable than the previous materials or material combinations. Thus, in the cover layer component according to the invention, all protection and amplification functions mentioned in the description are already integrated in a particularly advantageous manner.

According to a preferred embodiment, at least one supplementary local textile fabric is provided as an allowance in a region where a higher force introduction is possible by a resulting additional reinforcement or higher impact loads can be intercepted. The number, the material and the design of the textile fabrics are u. a. depending on the expected load. You can use the wall element (eg wall height and / or wall width or / and wall thickness) and corner element, but also ceilings and floor element to vary and be loaded in accordance with load. Thus, for example, the elements can not be visibly reinforced from the outside and can be reinforced by corresponding wall thicknesses and number and type of textile fabric without any great additional expenditure in impact areas and / or suspension areas and / or fastening areas.

Also advantageous is a cover layer component, as a corner element or impact bar is trained. As an allowance in the context of the invention in the case of production of the reinforcement at the place of manufacture of the outer layer component according to the invention also dense areas are considered in which the rovings are placed according to the intended load transfer denser.

The cover layer components according to the invention overall or even their surfaces can be easily profiled in the manufacturing process in the precast plant, which in addition to the functional specification also opens up a great deal of creative freedom. In this case, a cover layer component is preferred in which the corner element or the impact rail is designed such that it does not differ visually from the surrounding wall areas, covers a sufficiently large wall area and / or does not protrude into the clear profile of the room. In order to join the cover layer components, a connection is provided on the narrow sides.

The cover layer component according to the invention is likewise provided for arrangement in regions of higher loading of a conventional wall, also referred to as a solid wall. The cover layer component according to the invention is advantageously designed so that it has moisture resistance.

Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, whose concrete is arbitrarily dyeable. The matrix material, preferably concrete, can already be colored as desired during the production of the elements. Thus, the desired color is always retained even with visual elements. An inventive cover layer component with colored matrix material functions as exposed concrete and can thus remain without a coat. This is particularly advantageous when used as a corner element or impact rail, because then no coating, for. As a color layer that could be damaged, is present.

The cover layer component according to the invention is preferably designed and suitable for use in outdoor areas, especially due to the matrix material concrete, which brings these properties with it, and a corresponding reinforcing material.

Connected with further advantages is a cover layer component in which the textile fabric is designed as a reinforcement of electrically conductive material with an electrical resistance. Thus, if one uses a fabric, a reinforcement of electrically conductive material with an electrical resistance, such as carbon, the reinforcement can be electrically heated, so that the elements at the same time as heating, depending on the location of the outer layer component as wall, floor or ceiling heating, can be used and so can be dispensed with a classic heating or the performance of the classic heating can be reduced. The thermal radiation from the wall also makes it possible to reduce the room temperature energy-saving while improving comfort.

Furthermore, with an electrically conductive reinforcement of the cover layer component, a capacitor effect between the conductors can be used and thus current can be stored.

With a textile fabric, which comprises current and / or photoconductive material and serves for reinforcement, the fabrics can furthermore be used as sensors and measured values can be detected via electrical and optical effects. For example, the fibers change their resistance during deformation. It is also possible in this way to measure temperatures and moisture values in the wall by using corresponding physical effects.

In addition to the electric heating, it is also provided to provide a capillary tube mat in the interior of the cover layer component, so that heating or cooling of the wall surface can be achieved with a tempered liquid, generally water. The cover layer components according to the invention can also be used in this case as component heating or component cooling. The effort to produce correspondingly tight connections of the capillary tube mats, although somewhat higher than in the electrical contacting of an electrically conductive reinforcement. For the large wall surfaces can be used to heat low temperature, z. B. from solar sources or thereby charged storage, even at low temperature gradient to use for heating. If one uses the liquid-conducting capillary tube mats within the outer layer components, these can be used at the same time for cooling the rooms (wall, floor or ceiling cooling) and can be dispensed with a classic air conditioning or the performance of the classic air conditioning can be reduced.

There are also heated walls, as previously described as component heating, conceivable in the patio area, so that it is possible to dispense with today's widely used heated mushrooms. The elements can be applied as described above in the drywall system or on existing or other massive walls and deliver radiant heat as needed. Also heated pool surrounds, designed as walkable panels around a pool, patio floors or similar, usually attached to a stud, a A grid or a slatted frame can be produced with the cover layer components. Built-in liquid-conducting capillary tube mats could also dissipate the heat of the outside walls, floors or protective elements and use them for energy. The cover layer component can be used in addition to its function as a component at the same time as a heater for wall, floor or ceiling or for cooling (then preferably in the ceiling).

Covering layer components with liquid-conducting capillary tube mats, which form walls, floors and / or protective elements located in the outer area, can dissipate the solar heat radiating there and use them for the generation of energy. The fluid in the capillary tube mats acts as a heat carrier.

In a further advantageous outer layer component wall thicknesses and concrete mix are chosen so that resonances are avoided and the sound insulation can be improved. In particular, by different wall thicknesses on the two drywall side resonances are avoided or at least greatly reduced, resulting in a much better sound insulation.

The preferred cover layer component can be attached by screwing or gluing to a substrate. It can therefore be easily used to make a freestanding wall, to attach to a stud system, or to apply as an additional layer to a masonry wall or other type of solid wall. The cover layer components according to the invention, in particular, can also, in addition to uprights, fastening elements and other accessories, be an essential part of a dry construction system, wherein the cover layer component has a thickness between 10 and 25 mm.

The object of the present invention is also achieved by a method for producing a cover layer component according to the invention. The production of the outer layer component is preferably carried out in a lamination process or in a casting process. In this case, in addition to flat plates and plates with a profiling, plates with a free form, corner elements with pointed, beveled and rounded corners are made, which meet all the requirements of such device in the different applications. Above all, the impact protection and hanging, u. a. of constructions and devices, certainly guaranteed.

According to the invention, there is furthermore a cover layer component which has been further processed to form a sandwich component. This results in a sandwich structure with a cross-section, which has at least one very stable edge layer, the outer layer component, and a light, preferably non-organic core. The sandwich component can be used as a component for the production of a freestanding wall, for attachment to a stand system or for application as an additional layer on a masonry wall. Particularly preferably, the core of the sandwich component comprises polystyrene concrete, foam concrete, lightweight mortar with mineral lightweight aggregates such as expanded clay, Bläschiefer, pumice, expanded glass or expanded perlite, as well as a core made of foam glass or a honeycomb element is provided. As a result, the cover layers are removed from each other and the sandwich structure receives a high rigidity. In contrast to the sandwich elements offered by the prior art, the high impact resistance of the cover layer components is retained in the context of the present invention. This is made possible in particular by the fact that thickness, position of the reinforcement and properties of the matrix material are defined and not left to chance, as in the production of a conventional sandwich construction in one step.

The cover layer components according to the invention can be easily crushed after their use and u. a. be used as a supplement for new concrete components or as a roadbed, which represents another advantage. The contained fibers from the reinforcement are used here as short fibers. Previously known gypsum plasterboard and plasterboard are significantly harder to recycle, since each entry of the outer layers of cardboard, however, leads to a loss of strength in a material. This is v. a. justified in the low strength of the individual layers of these layers with each other.

The cover layer components according to the invention are weather-resistant by the use of concrete with a corrosion-resistant reinforcement, which is advantageous not only during use, but already in the phase of installation. This makes them easier to store. For a complex protection of the plates, z. B. from moisture, as is required in plasterboard, there is no need in the invention. The cover layer components can be transported on open vehicles and stored freely on the construction site. Therefore, the cover layer components can already be installed in the building, if parallel shell work is still done and the building is not yet dry. Even if it still rains in the shell or moisture associated work (for example, sawing, water jets, concreting, screed, plastering) are carried out in the immediate vicinity, this is not an obstacle to the attachment of the invention cover layer components. The whole Drywall system according to the invention, comprising at least one outer layer component according to the invention, can therefore also be used outdoors. Rain, snow, frost, heat, de-icing salt, water, etc. do not cause damage to the elements.

The cover layer components can u. a. in heavily used areas such as house corners in the pedestrian area or entry areas. This is especially the case with styrofoam insulated facades because of its low load bearing capacity often damage. Walls in the open, z. B. for bulk boxes, land restrictions, wind catches, garages, etc. are also provided as applications for the drywall system according to the invention. Because of the good formability in the production process and bulk boxes would also be conceivable, which consist of the material composition of the invention cover layer components.

In multi-storey car parks, which are often highly humid in the interior, the elements can also be used for protective measures and for drywall walls without any problems due to moisture.

It is also advantageous that the cover layer components according to the invention can also be used for the protection and / or reinforcement of other wall systems, such as gas concrete and brick walls. Here is a use as a wall or corner protection, especially for protection against damage, in question. Because of their high stability, load-bearing constructions can themselves be attached to them.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 FIG. 2: a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a corner element; FIG.

2 : schematically in side view three different embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a corner element;

3 FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of two embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a plate element; FIG.

4 3 is a schematic sectional view of three further embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a plate element;

5 schematically in transparent plan view four embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a plate element;

6 : schematically in plan view nine different embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a corner element;

7 : schematically in plan view different embodiments of butt joints according to the invention cover layer components, designed as plate elements;

8th FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a solid wall equipped with cover layer components according to the invention; FIG.

9 5 shows schematically in cross-section five embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a plate element and connected to a stator wall;

10 3 is a schematic sectional view of three embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a plate element and connected to a solid wall;

11 : schematically in sectional view six embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as profiled plate elements;

12 FIG. 2: schematically, in a sectional view, an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a corner element, in an installation situation in a stud wall and FIG

13 FIG. 2: a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention, designed as a sandwich component. FIG.

1 schematically shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a corner element 12 , The reinforcement of the matrix material concrete 2 takes place through textile fabrics 3 , This is arranged near the surface, so especially an outer surface 19 very well protected against shock loads, such as the impact of objects. The distance between both layers of the textile fabric 3 is through a spacer 5 guaranteed. The cross section of the corner element 12 rejuvenates to the narrow sides 18 out. This allows a connection to other wall elements, such as conventional plasterboard, by the butt joint can be filled. The edge length of the corner element 12 is preferably much larger than 5 cm (conventional embodiment in a conventional edge protection), so that the wall areas lying behind the edge protection are optimally protected.

2 shows schematically in side view three different embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , each executed as a corner element 12 , Embodiment a) has over the entire surface a uniform reinforcement by the textile fabric 3 on. In embodiment b), the corner region is designed for particularly high loads, by providing a supplement through a further textile fabric 4 is provided. In the case of embodiment c), the allowance is inserted only in the lower region, if, for example, shock loads are not to be feared there alone at the corner, but also beyond that, for example if mobile objects are moved there.

3 shows schematically in sectional view two embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a plate element 16 , The sectional view shows the internal structure of the plate element 16 that in embodiment a) in the lower area not only a gain by the addition of another textile fabric 4 experiences, the two sides of the textile fabric 3 , which serves as a reinforcement, is arranged. The plate element 16 additionally has a thickening 7 which extends beyond the original surface and also a part of the textile fabric 4 taking in allowance. Embodiment b) also sees thickening 7 before, however, are formed strip-shaped and even no allowance 4 exhibit. The strips can interact as deflecting edges with corresponding baffle elements on moving elements such as cars or mobile beds.

4 schematically shows in sectional view three further embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a plate element 16 , The embodiments a), b) and c) differ in the arrangement of the textile fabrics serving as reinforcement 3 and serving as a supplement textile fabric 4 , In embodiment a) the double allowance is arranged on one side of the reinforcement, in embodiment b) on both sides of the reinforcement 3 , In embodiment c) is the reinforcement 3 double-layered, while only a one-sided allowance 4 is provided.

5 shows schematically in transparent plan view four embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a plate element 16 , The embodiments have in common that in each case a reinforcement is provided over the entire surface, through the textile fabric 3 is taken over.

Individual areas are covered by the allowance 4 strengthened. The reinforcement may be in an upper area where the introduction of loads, such as wall cabinets, can be expected. If the reinforcement is provided in the lower area, it is regularly used to prevent damage due to impact. In order to allow a secure and stable attachment, and in addition to the previously described embodiments, a locally narrowly limited reinforcement can take place in the regions where the plate element 16 to be attached later.

6 shows schematically in plan view nine different embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a corner element 12 , The formation of the corner element 12 can be sharp-edged, beveled or rounded, with different angles can be provided. This allows the prefabricated corner elements 12 be used for different tasks and conditions in construction.

7 shows schematically in plan view different embodiments of butt joints inventive cover layer components 1 , designed as plate elements 16 , Shown is the formation of a butt joint 34 in different ways, creating panel elements 16 with their narrow sides 18 bound together, but also not shown corner elements with plate elements 16 can be joined together.

On the left side of the overview representation are different formations of the narrow side 18 illustrated, wherein one of the embodiments, a groove 37 includes. The right side of the overview shows different variants with connected panel elements 16 , This can be done as a simple, visible impact, the means of the groove 37 and a spring inserted therein 36 (As a separate part or integrally connected to a plate member 16 ). In the conventional way, but the narrow side 18 each plate element 16 so rejuvenate that the butt joint 34 with putty 35 can be covered.

8th schematically shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a solid wall 28 equipped with cover layer components according to the invention 1 , especially one corner element 12 , a collision surface 14 and a strip-shaped plate member 16 , Such reinforcement is particularly suitable for solid walls 28 Made of soft materials, such as gas concrete, which can also be easily damaged without reinforcement and to which no loads are easy to install. To reinforce corner and wall serve the corner element 12 and the impact surface 14 while at the top of a plate element 16 is provided, which is designed in strip form and provided for the area where hanging cabinets or devices to be mounted on the wall.

9 shows schematically in cross-section five embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , designed as a plate element and connected to a stator wall 22 , with the focus on the attachment 30 between the stud wall 22 and the cover layer component 1 lies. Embodiment a) provides that a connecting element 31 For example, a nail or a screw for attaching the outer layer component 1 on the stud wall 22 serves. According to the embodiment b), the connection is made by an adhesive 32 between the cover layer component 1 and the stud wall 22 , The embodiments c) and d) show suspensions 33 . 33 ' , These protrude in embodiment b) directly into the stator wall 22 in, while in embodiment d) on the stator wall complementary elements are mounted, which project beyond the surface and in the hanger 33 ' can intervene. Also embodiment d) sees an adhesive 32 before, this being the outer layer component 1 with a conventional plasterboard 23 connects the conclusion to the surface of the stud wall 22 forms

10 shows schematically in sectional view three embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a plate element 16 and connected to a solid wall 28 , Here, in the embodiments a), b) and c) turn the variants of the attachment by means of the connecting element 31 , the glue 32 or hanging 33 shown. The embodiment b) also shows the section of the cover layer component 1 in detail, in addition to the textile fabrics 3 near the surfaces of the cover layer device 1 in the middle a cross-section of a capillary tube mat 9 is embedded. This can flow through a tempered fluid and provide heating or cooling of the room in question or for a corresponding radiation effect of the wall or dissipate radiated heat.

11 shows schematically in sectional view six embodiments of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , designed as plate elements 16 with profiling 8th , This can be the profile 8th solely affect the surface or cross-sectional shape of the entire plate.

12 schematically shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 , executed as a corner element 12 , in installation situation in a stud wall 22 , The wall surfaces are made of conventional plasterboard 23 manufactured in double-ply design. For stabilization and fixation in the room includes the stud wall 22 stand 25 , where the first layer of plasterboard 23 is attached. The corner, however, is alone by the corner element according to the invention 12 formed, which, visible due to the sectional view, in its interior to reinforce the fabric 3 spaced apart by means of the spacer 5 , For filling, which is not shown here, serve the edge tapers both the plasterboard 23 as well as the corner element 12 ,

13 schematically shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a cover layer component according to the invention 1 in double layer, designed as a sandwich component 40 , A high stability of the cover layer component 1 is determined by the spacing and the two outer layers of the cover layer component 1 , which thereby by bending stress of the sandwich component 40 only tensile and compressive load experiences. While the concrete used as matrix material can withstand high pressure loads, in the opposite case, the reinforcement ensures through the textile fabric 3 for absorbing high tensile loads. In the illustrated embodiment, the distance by Styrofoam concrete 6 achieved, which also has a fairly good thermal insulation effect.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 top layer component

2

 concrete

3

 textile fabric as reinforcement

4

 textile fabric as a supplement

5

 spacer

6

 core

7

 thickening

8th

 profiling

9

 capillary tube

12

Corner

13

outer surface

14

Impact rail, impact surface

16

panel member

18

narrow side

19

outer surface

22

stud wall

23

Plasterboard

25

stand

28

solid wall

30

attachment

31

connecting element

32

Glue

33, 33 '

hanging system

34

butt joint

35

putty

36

spring connectors

37

groove

40

sandwich component

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102013106880 A1 [0004]
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• DE 29622087 U1 [0005]
• AT 11690 U1 [0005]
• DE 102007002947 A1 [0005]
• DE 4017057 C2 [0005]
• DE 202014103302 U1 [0007]
• DE 29924181 U1 [0007]
• EP 1079041 A1 [0007]
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• DE 102014013352 B3 [0012]
• DE 102009047917 B4 [0013]
• DE 202014000932 U1 [0014]
• DE 102005004149 A1 [0015]
• EP 1685932 A1 [0015]
• US 3284980A [0015]
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Cited non-patent literature

• http://www.brem-systeme.de/de/wandschutz/wandschutz.html [0007]

Claims (15)

Cover layer component with homogeneous support properties and which is impact and weather resistant, characterized in that the cover layer component ( 1 ) is designed as a substantially flat executed textile concrete of a small thickness between 3 mm and 100 mm and as a matrix material concrete ( 2 ) without lightweight aggregates together with a reinforcement of at least one layer of a textile fabric ( 3 . 4 ). A cover layer component according to claim 1, wherein the textile fabric ( 3 . 4 ) Comprises fibers of carbon, glass and / or basalt. Covering layer component according to Claim 1 or 2, which is used as a corner element ( 12 ), Impact rail ( 14 ) or plate element ( 16 ) is trained. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one supplementary local textile fabric ( 4 ) is provided as a supplement in a limited area as additional reinforcement. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, which is profiled in its cross-section and / or its concrete ( 2 ) is arbitrarily dyeable. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcing textile fabric ( 3 . 4 ) is made of electrically conductive material with an electrical resistance. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the textile fabric ( 3 . 4 ) comprises a photoconductive material. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein liquid-conducting capillary tube mats ( 9 ) within the cover layer component ( 1 ) are provided. Covering layer component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein wall thicknesses and concrete mixture are selected so that resonances are avoided and the sound insulation is improved. Use of a cover layer component according to one of claims 1 to 9 for the production of a freestanding wall, for attachment to a stud system or for application as an additional layer on a solid wall ( 28 ). Use according to claim 10, wherein the fabric serving as reinforcement ( 3 . 4 ) according to claim 6 from electrically conductive material is electrically heated and the outer layer component ( 1 ) is simultaneously usable as a heater for wall, floor or ceiling, and / or wherein capacitor effects between the conductors can be used and thus power stored, and / or wherein the conductors can be used as sensors, or wherein a cover layer component ( 1 ) according to claim 8 comprising liquid-carrying capillary tube mats ( 9 ) within the cover layer component ( 1 ) is simultaneously usable as a heating or cooling for wall, floor or ceiling or in the outdoor area heat from surfaces of the outer layer component ( 1 ) can be dissipated for use. Dry construction system comprising at least one outer layer component ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, having a thickness between 10 mm and 25 mm. Production of a cover layer component according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cover layer component ( 1 ) is produced in a lamination process or in a casting process. Sandwich construction element as a construction element for producing a freestanding wall, for attachment to a stud system or for application as an additional layer to a masonry wall, characterized in that a sandwich construction ( 40 ) is provided, the at least one very viable boundary layer, designed as a cover layer component ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a light, organic or non-organic core ( 6 ) having. A sandwich component according to claim 14, wherein the core ( 6 ) consists of styrofoam concrete, foam concrete, light mortar with mineral lightweight aggregates, foam glass or a honeycomb element.

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