Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
  • D06P1/5264—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
  • D06P1/5271—Polyesters; Polycarbonates; Alkyd resins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
  • D06L4/657—Optical bleaching or brightening combined with other treatments, e.g. finishing, bleaching, softening, dyeing or pigment printing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
  • D06L4/671—Optical brightening assistants, e.g. enhancers or boosters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/507—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/0036—Dyeing and sizing in one process
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/20—Treatment influencing the crease behaviour, the wrinkle resistance, the crease recovery or the ironing ease
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
  • D06P3/52—Polyesters
  • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs

Definitions

• wet acting slip agents which reduce the tendency toward the formation or stabilisation and consequently the marking of folds, in particular transport folds, and reduce the substrate/substrate and substrate/metal friction and consequently the tendency toward the formation and marking of chafe points, are employed in the corresponding process steps. It has already been proposed to employ wax dispersions of different types as lubricants (or slip agents) for avoiding the formation of transport folds or creases, e.g. as described in GB-A-2128202 or 2282153.
• EP-A-506613 there are described for a similar purpose compositions containing polymers of the radicalic polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers (especially acrylic polymers) in admixture with esters of polyols with a C g . 26 -fatty acid.
• polyester resins from recycled polyterephthalate (in the examples polyethyleneterephthalate) and a sulphoaryldicarboxylate (in the examples sulphoisophthalate) with glycol and and oxyalkylated polyol, which may be terminated with a polyacid (in the examples trimellitic acid or hypophosphoric acid), to give a polyester resin useful for various purposes, in particular as a size for fibres and as a levelling agent - in the sole application example (Example 8) there is illustrated the use as a levelling agent in the dyeing of a yarn package.
• wet-acting slip agents in the treatment of textile piece goods m rope form or tubular form, particularly made from polyester fibres, in jet dyemg machines, where, for example, they do not hinder or impair the dyeing, but act surprisingly well and extremely superficially on the wet substrate as wet-acting lubricants in surprisingly high efficiency and yield, and further with a high degree of constancy and reproducibihty of these properties, even if the products employed come from different lots and/or have been stored for a prolonged time.
• the invention relates to the use of such polyesters (Ps) as defined below, as wet-acting lubricants for the treatment of textile mate ⁇ al in the form of textile piece goods, particularly in rope form or tubular form, to the corresponding wet-acting lubricants, and to their production and aqueous compositions (W) thereof.
• Ps polyesters
• W aqueous compositions
• a first subject-matter of the invention is thus the use of
• end-capped polyesters (Ps) are in particular end-capped polyesters that are polymers obtainable by polyme ⁇ sation/polyeste ⁇ fication reaction of corresponding esterifyable monomers (in particular hydroxy- substituted monomers and/or monomers substituted with carboxy or a suitable functional derivative of carboxy) and end-capping este ⁇ fication reaction
• end-capped polyesters (P s ) it is possible to employ known polyesters or polyesters which can be produced analogously to known polyesters.
• polyesters (P s ) for the production of the end-capped polyesters (Ps), it is advantageous to use starting materials - in particular monomers suitable for the formation of polyester chains by polycondensation and/or, in the case of lactones, also polyaddition polymerisation reaction - which are suitable for the formation of linear polyester chains, in particular difunctional compounds (D) which are monomers suitable for polyeste ⁇ fication (1 e polymerisation by este ⁇ fication), and monofunctional compounds (E) which are suitable for the end capping of the polyesters, and optionally higher ohgo-functional compounds (H) which are suitable for the branching of the polyesters
• the polyesters (P s ) to be employed in accordance with the invention are dispersible (preferably self-dispersible) or colloidally soluble in water and contain m the respective molecule at least one hydrophilic constituent and at least one hydrophobic constituent, so that the polyester formed has a corresponding hydrophihcity, so as to be dispersible or colloidally soluble, in particular self
• the mono-, di- and higher ohgo-functional compounds are essentially carboxylic acids or suitable functional derivatives thereof, principally esters of low-molecular- weight alcohols which can be cleaved off by transeste ⁇ fication, particularly esters of for example ethyl esters or preferably methyl esters, or anhydrides, on the one hand, and hydroxyl compounds, in particular alcohols, on the other hand, which, through este ⁇ fication or transeste ⁇ fication, result in corresponding carboxylic acid ester groups, or also lactones of hydroxycarboxyhc acids, and may optionally contain one or more heteroatomic bridging members, for example -O- -CO-, -CO-O-, -NH-CO-O-,
• Suitable as difunctional monomers (D) are, in particular,
• (A]) aliphatic and arahphatic diols which otherwise contain no hydrophilic constituents or substituents, in particular alkanediols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkane radical may be linear or, if it contains 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alternatively branched, or, if it contains 4 to 10 carbon atoms, alternatively cyclic, d ⁇ (C ⁇ .
• alkanedicarboxyhc acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkane radical, where, if the alkane radical contains 4 to 10 carbon atoms, it may optionally be interrupted by oxygen, aromatic dicarboxyhc acids having one to three benzene rings, two of which may optionally be fused, or arahphatic dicarboxyhc acids which contain 9 to 18 carbon atoms and contain one benzene ring or two optionally fused benzene rings, where aromatic rings may be bonded to further aliphatic, aromatic or arahphatic parts of the molecule, optionally via oxygen, or may be bonded to a further aromatic part of the molecule, optionally via a sulphone group, or functional derivatives thereof (e g C ⁇ -alkyl esters of the dicarboxyhc acids or optionally their anhydrides), and (B 2 ) aliphatic, aromatic or arahphatic dicarboxyhc acids which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and
• Sulpho group-containing monomers (D) are difunctional m so far as sulpho groups substantially do not undergo esterification under the reaction conditions required for esterification of the carboxy groups or respectively for transeste ⁇ fixation their lower alkyl esters
• polyethylene glycols for example having an average molecular weight M w in the range from
• alkanediols having 4 to 10 carbon atoms and which carry one or two sulpho groups as substit- uents, and are optionally oxyethylated and/or oxypropylated, benzenedimethanols which carry a sulpho group as substituent on the benzene ring, for example 2-sulphobutaned ⁇ ol and products of the addition reaction thereof with ethylene oxide and optionally propylene oxide, sulpho- 1,2-benzened ⁇ methanol
• diols (A 2 ) those of the type (A 21 ) are preferred, especially polyethylene glycols
• adipic acid succimc acid, gluta ⁇ c acid, pimehc acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, fuma ⁇ c acid, dimethylmalomc acid, diglycohc acid, 3,3'-oxyd ⁇ prop ⁇ on ⁇ c acid, t ⁇ methyladipic acid, itaconic acid, orthophthahc acid, ISO- phthahc acid, terephthahc acid, oxydibenzoic acid, naphthalene-2,6-d ⁇ carboxyhc acid, naphthalene- -1 ,8-d ⁇ carboxyhc acid, naphthalene- 1 ,4-d ⁇ carboxyhc acid, l,2-d ⁇ -(p-carboxyphenoxy)-ethane, l ,2-d ⁇ -(p-carboxyphenyl)-ethan
• aliphatic dicarboxyhc acids preference is given to the , ⁇ -dicarboxyhc acids; of the aliphatic, aromatic and arahphatic dicarboxyhc acids (B ⁇ , preference is given to the aromatic ones, particularly terephthahc acid.
• (B 2 ) mention may be made, for example, of the following: sulphosuccinic acid, methylsulpho- succinic acid, sulphomethylsuccimc acid, 4-sulphophthahc acid, 5-sulpho ⁇ sophthahc acid, dimethyl- sulphoisophthahc acid, sulphoterephthahc acid, sulphomalonic acid, 1,3-d ⁇ methyl 5-(p-sulpho- phenoxy)- ⁇ sophthalate, phenyl-3,5-d ⁇ carboxy-benzenesulphon ⁇ c acid, 2,6-d ⁇ methylphenyl-3,5-d ⁇ - carboxybenzenesulphonic acid, naphthyldicarboxyhc acid benzenesulphonic acid, sulpho-4-naphtha- lene-2,7-d ⁇ carboxyhc acid, sulphob ⁇ s(hydroxycarbonyl)-4,4'-d ⁇ phen
• (Ci) mention may be made, for example, of the following: glycohc acid, hydroxypropiomc acid, 12-hydroxystea ⁇ c acid, 2-hydroxycapro ⁇ c acid, 3- or 4-hydroxybutyr ⁇ c acid, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -butyro- lactone and 3,3-d ⁇ methyl-4-butyrolactone, and prepolymers thereof
• Suitable monofunctional compounds (E) for the end capping of the polyesters are expediently hydroxy- or carboxy-substituted compounds capable of esterification with a carboxy or respectively hydroxy group of the not yet end-capped polyester, where the carboxy group may also be in the form of a suitable functional derivative, e.g. a C ester of the carboxylic acid; for example,
• Suitable as (E 2 ) are, in particular,
• (E 21 ) mention may be made, for example, of the following adducts of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, and optionally butylene oxide or styrene oxide, onto an aliphatic monoalcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or onto an alkylphenol having a total of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, where at least 50 mol-% of the alkyleneoxy groups present are advantageously ethyleneoxy groups, and the incorporated polyalkylene glycol ether chains are preferably those consisting exclusively of ethyleneoxy units (for example up to an average molecular weight in the range from 200 to 20,000, particularly from 200 to 5000), and aliphatic and/or arahphatic hydroxyl compounds which carry one or two sulpho groups as substituents and optionally contain oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups in the molecule
• adducts of ethylene oxide onto a low-molecular- weight alkanol in particular C -alkanol
• S low-mol
• alkylene denotes ethylene and/or 1,2-propylene
• R denotes hydrogen or SO 3 H
• m denotes 0 or 1
• n denotes a number in the range from 1 to 30, where at least one of the m+1 symbols R denotes S0 3 H.
• (E 22 ) mention may be made, for example, of the following: carboxymethylation products of the adducts of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto an aliphatic monoalcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, where at least 50 mol-% of the alkyleneoxy groups present are advantageously ethyleneoxy groups and the incorporated polyalkylene glycol ether chains preferably consist exclusively of ethyleneoxy units (for example up to an average molecular weight in the range from 200 to 5000), or products of the catalytic or electrochemical oxidation of the terminal -CH 2 -OH groups of such addition products to give terminal -COOH groups, or aliphatic, arahphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids having 7 to 22 carbon atoms which carry a sulpho group as substituent, for example ortho-, meta- or para- sulphobenzoic acid or sulphonated oleic acid (for example from the reaction of oleic acid with sodium sulphite).
• Sulpho group-containing reactants (E 2 ! ) and (E 22 ) are grouped here with monofunctional compounds in so far as sulpho groups substantially do not undergo esterification under the reaction conditions required for esterification of the carboxy groups or respectively for transeste ⁇ fication their lower alkyl esters.
• ) and (E 2 ) are preferred, particularly (E 2) ), especially the non-ionogemc ones.
• Suitable as (H) are t ⁇ - and higher ohgo-functional compounds which can lead to branched products with ester formation, in particular
• Suitable as (H t ) are, for example, t ⁇ - to hexahydroxyalkanes, for example having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, for example pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol and 1,2,3-hexanetr ⁇ ol, and oxyalkylation products thereof, particularly oxyethylation and/or oxypropylation products, for example having 1 to 20 oxyethylene groups and optionally 1 to 10 oxypropylene groups
• ohgocarboxylic acids H 2
• use can be made of aliphatic, arahphatic or preferably aromatic compounds, for example having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably benzenetricarboxyhc acids (m particular t ⁇ melhtic acid, hemimelhtic acid or t ⁇ mesic acid) or their methyl esters
• Suitable hydroxycarboxyhc acids are aromatic compounds or also aliphatic compounds, for example aromatic benzene-based dicarboxyhc acids which carry a hydroxyl group on the benzene ⁇ ng, for example hydroxy-4- or -5- ⁇ sophthal ⁇ c acid, or aliphatic saturated dicarboxyhc acids having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, for example hydroxy-2-methylsucc ⁇ n ⁇ c acid, hydroxymethylgluta ⁇ c acid and hydroxy- gluta ⁇ c acid, or aliphatic saturated carboxylic acids having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, which may carry 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, in particular ascorbic acid, gluconic acid and glucoheptonic acid, or methyl esters thereof, or also products of the partial amidation of tri- or higher functional carboxylic acids [for example those of type (H 2 )] with low-molecular-weight mono- or dialkanolamines, for example with mono- or diethanolamine, -propanola
• polyesters (P s ) for the production of the polyesters (P s ) to be employed in accordance with the invention, there may in particular be polymerised (A) with (B) and optionally (C), or (C) alone optionally on a starter molecule (A) or (B), and optionally with (A) or (B), and optionally with (H), end capping being carried out with (E)
• difunctional compounds in particular diols (A), which are reacted with corresponding dicarboxyhc acids, in particular of type (B) or functional derivatives thereof and optionally with hydroxycarboxyhc acids of type (C), or products of the polymerisation of hydroxycarboxyhc acids (or lactones thereof), in particular of type (C), which are optionally reacted further with (poly)esters of diols, in particular of type (A) with corresponding dicarboxyhc acids, in particular of type (B), or functional derivatives thereof
• Monofunctional compounds of type (E) are employed in order
• the esterification reaction (or transeste ⁇ fication reaction if carboxylic acid esters of alcohols, which can be cleaved off under esterification conditions, are transesterified) can be carried out in a manner known per se, with the respective selected components (D) and (E) and optionally (H) being reacted, with addition of suitable catalysts, at elevated temperature, for example in the range from 150 to 280°C, preferably from 160 to 260°C If diols (A) are employed, it is advantageous first to employ the more volatile and not to add the less volatile for the further esterification until the esterification of the former has begun or progressed
• the esterification (or transeste ⁇ fication) can initially be carried out under atmospheric pressure, for example in the presence of inert solvents or preferably in the absence of any solvents, in which case volatile by-products, for example unreacted starting materials and other volatile accompanying substances, can then be removed under reduced pressure
• Suitable transeste ⁇ f- lcation and condensation catalysts are
• hydrophilic starting compounds may, for example, be exclusively those which contain as hydrophilic moieties polyethylene glycol ether chains, which are suitable or preferred for the production of non-ionogenic polyesters, or exclusively those which contain sulpho groups as hydrophilic substituents, which are suitable or preferred for the production of anionic polyesters, or also a combination of the two.
• the respective molar ratios are advantageously selected in such a way that an excess of hydroxyl compounds over carboxyl compounds is employed overall, depending on the volatility of the diols employed, and advantageously in such a way that any carboxyl groups are capped with mono- functional alcohols, preferably those of type (E 21 ) If higher ohgo-functional compounds of type (H) are employed, their molar ratio to the difunctional compounds (D) employed is advantageously kept low.
• the starting materials are diols (A)) and (A 2 ), dicarboxyhc acids (B [ ) (or diesters thereof), a polyol (H]) and a monofunctional compound (E 2) ), it is advantageous to employ ⁇ 1 mole equivalent, preferably ⁇ 0.5 mole equivalent, of (Hi), for example from 0 002 to 0.4 mole equivalent thereof, per mole of introduced diols [(Ai) + (A 2 )].
• the molar ratio (E 2 ⁇ )/[(A ⁇ ) + (A 2 )] is then advantageously in the range from 0.01 to 1, preferably m the range from 0.02 to 0.5, particularly preferably in the range from 0.04 to 0.3
• One mole equivalent of (H) is taken to mean one mole of (H) divided by the number of functional groups; m the case of the ohgohydroxyl compounds (Hi), one mole equivalent of (H)) is thus one mole of (Hi) divided by the number of its hydroxyl groups
• These molar ratios apply to the specific non-ionic polyesters from the said starting components; if other and/or further components are used for the production of the polyesters or ohgoesters, the molar ratios should, if necessary, be adjusted or changed correspondingly in order to obtain the corresponding polyester or ohgoester properties
• P s dendrome ⁇ c polyesters or ohgoesters
• the reaction is advantageously controlled in such a way that the average molecular weight M w of the polyesters produced is > 1000, and is preferably in the range from 1200 to 10 6 , particularly preferably in the range from 1500 to 3 10
• the synthesis of the polyesters to be employed in accordance with the invention is advantageously carried out in such a way that the degree of polymerisation can be kept relatively low, m particular in such a way that ohgoesters are formed.
• any anionic groups, in particular sulpho groups and/or carboxyl groups, present m the polyester (P s ) may be in the form of the free acid and if desired can be converted into a salt form by reaction with corresponding bases, where for the salt formation cations known per se, preferably hydrophi sing cations, come into consideration, for example alkali metal cations (for example lithium, sodium or potassium) or ammonium cations ⁇ for example unsubstituted ammonium, mono-, di- or tri- -(C ⁇ .
• alkali metal cations for example lithium, sodium or potassium
• ammonium cations for example unsubstituted ammonium, mono-, di- or tri- -(C ⁇ .
• the hydrophihcity of the products is controlled in such a way that the polyesters (P s ) produced are dispersible to colloidally soluble in water (preferably self-dispersible to colloidally soluble in water), i.e. that they give, in a concentration of from 0.1 to 30 % by weight, optionally with the assistance of suitable dispersants in an amount of up to 50 % by weight, based on (P s ) and optionally heating to above the melting point of (P s ), in water a corresponding 0 1 to 30 % (P s ) dispersion or colloidal solution or, for the self-dispersible to colloidally soluble ones, even without the assistance of dispersants, give in water, through simple stirring-m and optionally heating to above the melting point of (P s ), an aqueous 0.1 to 30 % (P s ) dispersion or an aqueous 0.1 to 30 % colloidal (P s ) solution
• polyesters and ohgoesters produced from terephthahc acid [as (B)], ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol (GL) [as (A[)] and polyethylene glycols [as (A 2 )] and optionally (H) or (H,) and end- capped with an oxyethylated alcohol [as (E 2 ⁇ )]
• the hydrophihcity can also be estimated, for example, from the (GL)/(PEG) weight ratio, where (GL) denotes the proportion by weight of este ⁇ fied ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol and (PEG) denotes the proportion by weight of all este ⁇ fied poly- oxyethylene [from (A 2 ) and (E 2 ⁇ )]
• the polyoxyethylene chains have an average molecular weight in the range from 500 to 5000, preferably from 800 to 3000, this (GL)/(PEG) weight ratio for the corresponding polyesters (P s ) is
• polyesters (P s ) preference is given to the polyesters (Ps'). l e - those which are self-dispersible or colloidally soluble in water, of these particularly the polyesters (Ps"), i e the non-ionic ones, especially (Ps'") those from the este ⁇ fication or transeste ⁇ fication of (B,) using (A,), (A 2 ) ) and optionally (Hi) or (H 3 ) and end-capping with (E 21 ).
• polyesters as are known as soil release agents for textile substrates (for example in detergents)
• the polyesters (P s ) produced can be handled and used directly in the form in which they have been produced They are advantageously used m the form of aqueous, preferably concentrated, compositions (W).
• aqueous compositions (W) are dispersions or colloidal solutions of (P s ) and advantageously contain the polyesters (Ps) m a concentration in the range from 1 to 50 % by weight, preferably from 2 to 50 % by weight, particularly preferably from 3 to 25 % by weight
• the aqueous compos ⁇ t ⁇ ons(W) can be simple aqueous dispersions or colloidal solutions of (P s ) alone or preferably contain further additives, in particular
• thickening agents (G) are preferably non-ionogenic and/or anionic substances which are known per se, in particular natural, modified or synthetic polymers
• thickening agents (G) which can be employed are polysaccha ⁇ des, polysaccha ⁇ de derivatives and (co)poly(meth)acryhc acids and or (co)poly(meth)acrylam ⁇ des, for example xanthan gum, cellulose gum, guar gum, dext ⁇ ns, gum arable, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, acrylyl-modified polysaccha ⁇ des, copoly(meth)acryhc ac ⁇ ds/(meth)acrylam ⁇ des and optionally partially saponified poly(meth)acrylam ⁇ des.
• hydrophilic resms which are viscoelastic and preferably also pseudoplastic and non-thixotropic in aqueous solution
• hydrophilic resms which are viscoelastic and preferably also pseudoplastic and non-thixotropic in aqueous solution
• xanthan gum for example xanthan gum, cellulose gum, guar gum, dext ⁇ ns, gum arable, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose, or the said (meth)acryhc acid and or (meth)acrylam ⁇ de (co)polymers, of which particular preference is given to xanthan gum, homopolyacrylamides, copolyacrylamide-acryhc acid and partially saponified polyacrylamides.
• the acid groups are in the form of salts (so that the respective products are water-soluble), for example as alkali metal salts (principally sodium salts) They can be employed as dry substance (for example as commercially available).
• thickening agents (G) are employed, they are advantageously employed in such amounts that the viscosity of the aqueous concentrated compositions (W) [i.e. of the aqueous concentrated colloidal solutions or aqueous concentrated dispersions (W)] is ⁇ 5000 mPa-s, in particular at values ⁇ 1000 mPa-s, preferably in the range from 50 to 1000 mPa-s.
• the concentration of thickening agent (G) m (W) is advantageously low, in particular lower than that of (P s ), and is, calculated as dry substance, for example ⁇ 5 % by weight, advantageously from 0 to 4 % by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 2 % by weight, particularly preferably from 0 1 to 1 % by weight.
• aqueous compositions (W) in addition to (P s ) and optionally (G), may contain further additives, in particular one or more of the following components:
• X a non-ionogenic or anionic surfactant or a mixture of non-ionogenic and/or anionic surfactants
• Y an agent for setting the pH
• Z at least one formulation additive
• Suitable surfactants (X) are principally the following-
• Xi a non-ionogenic surfactant or a mixture of non-ionogenic surfactants , having an HLB > 7, and (X 2 ) an anion-active surfactant which is a carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid or a sulphuric acid partial ester or phosphoric acid partial ester or a salt thereof, or a mixture of such anion- active surfactants, having an HLB > 7,
• the surfactants (X,) and (X 2 ) generally have dispersant character, in particular emulsifier character
• Suitable surfactants are generally known compounds, essentially those having an emulsifier or dispersant character Emulsifiers or dispersants of non-ionogenic character are known in large number in the art and are also desc ⁇ bed in the specialist literature, for example in M J SCHICK "Non-ionic Surfactants” (Volume 1 of "Surfactant Science Se ⁇ es", Marcel DEKKER Inc , New- York, 1967)
• ) are principally products of the oxyalkylation of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid mono- or dialkanolamides (in which "alkanol” stands especially for "ethanol” or “isopropanol”) or fatty acid partial esters of t ⁇ - to hexafunctional aliphatic polyols or, further, products of the interoxyalkylation of fatty acid esters (for example of natural t ⁇ glyce ⁇ des), where suitable oxyalkylation agents are C 2-4
• R[ signifies an aliphatic, linear hydrocarbon radical having 9 to 22 carbon atoms and p signifies from 4 to 40, or mixtures of such surfactants.
• the HLB value of the surfactants (X t ) is advantageously in the range from 7 to 20, preferably in the range from 8 to 16.
• R contains 1 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Suitable anion-active surfactants are generally acids known per se (or salts thereof) having a surfactant character, as are usually employed as dispersants, for example as emulsifiers or as detergents.
• Such surfactant anionic compounds are known m the art and are described in large number in the specialist literature, for example in W.M. LINFIELD “Anionic Surfactants” (Volume 7 of "Surfactant Science Series", Marcel DEKKER Inc., New- York, 1976).
• Suitable anion-active surfactants are in particular those which contain a lipophihc radical (in particular the radical of a fatty acid or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of a fatty alcohol) which contains, for example, 8 to 24 carbon atoms, advantageously 10 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 18 carbons, and may be aliphatic or arahphatic and where the aliphatic radicals may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated
• the lipophihc radicals are preferably purely aliphatic, while in the case of sulphonic acids, the lipophihc radicals are preferably saturated purely aliphatic or arahphatic radicals
• the carboxylic or sulphonic acid group may be bonded directly to the hydrocarbon radical (in particular as fatty acid, for example in the form of soaps, or as alkanesulphonic acid) or via a bridge which is interrupted by at least one heteroatom and is preferably aliphatic.
• Carboxyl groups can be introduced, for example, by oxidation of -CH 2 -OH groups, carboxyalkylation of hydroxyl groups or monoeste ⁇ fi- cation of a hydroxyl group with a dicarboxyhc anhyd ⁇ de, for example into such a molecule as described above as starting material for the oxyalkylation to give non-ionogenic surfactants or also of oxyalkylation products thereof, where the oxyalkylation can be carried out using oxiranes, principally ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and optionally styrene oxide, and preferably at least 50 mol-% of the oxiranes employed is ethylene oxide; for example, these are products of the addition of from 1 to 12 mol of oxirane onto 1 mol of hydroxyl compounds, particularly as mentioned above as starting material for the oxyalkylation
• the carboxyalkylation may be carried out using p ⁇ ncipally haloalkanecarboxyh
• a carboxyl group can also be introduced, for example, by monoeste ⁇ fication of an aliphatic dicarboxyhc acid, for example by reaction of a hydroxyl compound with a cyclic anhydride, for example with phthahc anhydride or an aliphatic anhydride having 2 or 3 carbon atoms between the two carboxyl groups, for example succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride or gluta ⁇ c anhydride.
• Phosphoric or sulphu ⁇ c acid partial ester groups for example, can also be introduced analogously by esterification.
• Suitable sulphonic acids are essentially products of the sulphonation of paraffins (for example produced by sulphochlo ⁇ nation or sulphoxidation), of ⁇ - olefins, of alkylbenzenes and of unsaturated fatty acids or alternatively formaldehyde condensates of sulphonated aromatic compounds (for example of sulphonated naphthalene).
• anion-active surfactants are advantageously employed in the form of salts, where for salt formation hydrophihzing cations, in particular alkali metal cations (for example lithium, sodium, potassium) or ammonium cations [for example those mentioned above] or alternatively alkaline earth metal cations (for example calcium or magnesium), preferably come into consideration
• alkali metal cations for example lithium, sodium, potassium
• ammonium cations for example those mentioned above] or alternatively alkaline earth metal cations (for example calcium or magnesium)
• X 2 the ester group-free ones are preferred, principally soaps, m particular amine soaps, as well as the products of the carboxymethylation of oxyethylated fatty alcohols and the sulphonic acids, preferably in salt form as mentioned above, particularly as alkali metal salts.
• the surfactants (X) are advantageously employed in amounts which are sufficient to enable (P s ) and, if used, (G) to be well dispersed in the aqueous phase and to enable a particularly stable aqueous colloidal solution or preferably dispersion of (P s ) and (G) to be formed.
• the amount of (X) employed is advantageously ⁇ 80 % by weight of (P s ), preferably ⁇ 50 % by weight of (P s ), particularly preferably from 0 to 30 % by weight of (P s ). If (Ps) is self-dispersible to colloidally soluble [preferably (Ps')], (X) is not necessary.
• Suitable as (Y) are any desired compounds known per se as are usually used for adjusting the pH of textile treatment agents, for example the above-mentioned bases, or alternatively buffer salts, such as, for example, sodium acetate or mono- or disodium phosphate, or occasionally also acids (for example a mineral acid, in particular hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, or a low-molecular-weight aliphatic acid, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably formic acid, acetic acid or lactic acid)
• acids for example a mineral acid, in particular hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, or a low-molecular-weight aliphatic acid, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably formic acid, acetic acid or lactic acid
• compositions (W) can vary widely and can optionally be adjusted, for example in the range from 3 to 10, preferably from 4 to 9, particularly preferably from 5 to 8, by addition of (Y)
• the compositions (W) may optionally additionally contain at least one formulation additive (Z), in particular (Zi) an antifoam or (Z 2 ) an agent which inhibits bacterial growth or a microbicide, or (Z 3 ) a bleaching agent.
• conventional antifoams can be employed, for example based on paraffins, mineral oil, fatty acid bisamides and/or hydrophobic silicic acid, for example commercial products, which can be employed in the concentrations recommended in each case Suitable as (Z ) are especially fungicides and bacte ⁇ cides, for example commercial products, which can be employed in the concentrations recommended in each case.
• conventional bleaching agents can be employed, in particular reductive bleaching agents, such as, for example, sodium bisulphite.
• Suitable concentrations of (Z) are, for example, in the range from 0 to 4 % by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 2 % by weight, particularly preferably from 0.002 to 1 % by weight, based on (W).
• Particularly preferred dispersions (W") are e.g those essentially consisting of (P s "), water and at least one of the components (Z 2 ) and (G) and optionally (Y), or, where (P s ) is other than (P s '), those essentially consisting of water, (P s '), those
• compositions (W) according to the invention in particular (W 1 ) and preferably (W"), can be produced m a very simple manner, by suitable mixing of the components, m particular by mixing (P s ), for example as a melt, in the presence of water, with (G) and/or (X), and optionally adding further additives, in particular one or more of (Y) and/or (Z).
• polyesters (Ps), preferably in the form of aqueous compositions (W), are used as wet-acting lubricants for textile piece goods, i.e. as auxiliaries in the treatment of textile fabncs with treatment agents (T) (for example pre-treatment, dyeing, optical brightening or after-treatment) under conditions under which per se otherwise transport folds can form or friction can occur in or on the substrate, in particular in rope form or tubular form, where the compositions (W) to be employed in accordance with the invention serve particularly for preventing the stabilisation and marking of the folds formed during the treatment and for preventing damaging friction.
• treatment agents (T) for example pre-treatment, dyeing, optical brightening or after-treatment
• Such processes are essentially exhaust processes from short liquor (liquor/substrate weight ratio, for example, in the range from 3:1 to 40 1, mostly from 4: 1 to 20T) - in particular in jet dyeing machines or in winch becks - under the treatment conditions and times which are usual per se (for example in the range from 20 minutes to 12 hours) as occur in particular in winch becks and especially in jet dyeing machines
• aqueous compositions (W) or the polyesters (P s ), even in the presence of (G), have an optimum wet slippage behaviour, so that effective distribution on the surface of the wet fabric is possible on their use, after which they can be removed again, in general by discharging the liquid and/or by washing and/or ⁇ nsmg operations as required by the process
• the treatment agents (T) are in general textile chemicals (m particular textile finishing chemicals) which can be removed from the substrate again for the part which is not fixed to the substrate, for example by washing and/or rinsing, after the respective treatment of the substrate
• pre-treatment agents (principally wetting agents and detergents)
• T 2 main treatment agents (principally wetting agents, dyes, dyeing auxiliaries and optical b ⁇ ghteners), and (T 3 ) after-treatment agents (principally finishing agents, detergents and reducing agents), where the respective treatments are carried out in aqueous medium
• Processes in which friction can take place in or on the textile substrate are essentially taken to mean those in which the wet substrate, during its transport in the dyeing machine, rubs against apparatus parts or adjacent substrate parts due to high running speed, passage through nozzles and/or a change in the transport direction and/or speed
• the chafe points formed in such processes can result in marking thereof du ⁇ ng the treatment process and in impairment of the physical properties of the substrate
• the polyesters (Ps) or the compositions (W) serve as wet-acting lubricants to the extent that they favour or facilitate slippage of the wet fabric (particularly on adjacent fabric or on metal) and thus can prevent damaging friction of the substrate
• Possible treatment processes which would per se cause chafe points are principally treatments in jet dyeing machines, in which the substrate is in each cycle passed through the nozzle, at which point the relative acceleration and/or the forces acting on the substrate are the greatest, and in which the substrate is in each cycle pulled from its own position in the liquor toward the nozzle, so that the substrate-against
• Suitable substrates for the process according to the invention and for the wet-actmg lubricants according to the invention are in general any desired substrates as can be employed in the said processes, principally those which contain synthetic fibres, especially polyester fibres, optionally in a blend with other fibres, in particular with other synthetic fibres (for example acrylic fibres or polyurethane fibres) or optionally modified natural fibres, for example of wool, silk or optionally modified cellulose (for example cotton, linen, jute, hemp, ramie, viscose rayon or cellulose acetate), where fibre blends that may be mentioned are, for example, polyester/cotton, polyester/polyacry c, polyester/polyamide, polyester/polyurethane and polyester/cotton/polyurethane
• the textile substrate can be employed m any desired form as piece goods, as can be treated in the processes mentioned, for example as tubular goods, as open textile webs or alternatively as semi-finished goods, essentially in rope form or tubular form, as is suitable for wind
• the wet-acting lubricants according to the invention are advantageously employed in such concentrations that fold marking and chafe point formation are effectively prevented in the respective process They are distinguished by their effectiveness and yield and can exhibit a very high action in very low concentrations, they are advantageously employed in concentrations which correspond to from 0 01 to 2 g of (P s ) per litre of liquor, preferably from 0 02 to 1 g of (P s ) per litre of liquor, particularly preferably from 0 04 to 0 5 g of (P s ) per litre of liquor They can be produced in a simple and readily reproducible way, in particular as described above, and are also distinguished by the constancy of their properties - even in different lots - and the aqueous concentrated compositions (W) are distinguished by their stability to storage, shipment, transfer and pumping.
• the wet-acting lubricants according to the invention i.e. polyesters (P s ) or compositions (W), are also distinguished by their great independence from temperature variations and are substantially electrolyte-resistant, they can also be employed m a very wide selection of treatment conditions as occur for treatment with textile chemicals (T) in industry, m particular for pre-treatment with (Ti), for dyeing or optical brightening with (T 2 ) and for after-treatment with (T 3 ), for example with (T,) during desizing or during bleaching, with (T 2 ) during dyeing or optical brightening or with (T 3 ) during after- treatment, but especially du ⁇ ng dyeing or optical brightening
• the dyeing or optical brightening can be carried out using any desired dyes or optical b ⁇ ghteners (T 2 ') and optionally dyeing auxiliaries (T 2 ") which are suitable for the respective substrate and process and for the desired effect
• any desired corresponding dyes for example disperse
• the pH values can be as desired, as are suitable for the respective substrates, dyes and application processes.
• suitable pH values are, for example, in the acidic region (for example in the pH range from 4 to 6, preferably from 4 5 to 5 5) or alternatively - with use of corresponding disperse dyes which are likewise suitable for alkaline dyeing - in the alkaline pH region (for example at pH > 8, principally in the pH range from 8 5 to 10).
• polyesters (P s ) or compositions (W) are advantageously employed as wet-acting lubricants in dyeing or optical brightening, especially in jet dyeing machines (both those with hydrodynamic liquor transport and those with aerodynamic liquor transport), preferably for dyeing of polyester-containing substrates, particularly preferably of those essentially consisting only of polyester fibres (particularly also microfibres).
• polyesters or ohgoesters are polyesters or ohgoesters (Ps'") in which the hydrophobic part originates from starting compounds (Ai) and (B]) or is built up from monomer units which are directly homologous to (particularly ⁇ 1 to 2 carbon atoms) or preferably identical with those originating or built up from the fibre polymer to be treated
• the polyester substrate to be treated is a polyester made from terephthahc acid and ethylene glycol (I e.
• the hydrophobic part of (P s ) or (Ps'") preferably essentially consists of ester units made from terephthahc acid and ethylene glycol and or propylene glycol, while the hydrophilic part then preferably essentially consists of (A 2 ), in particular a polyethylene glycol, and/or (E 21 ), which is then preferably a product of the addition of ethylene oxide onto a C g-ahphat ⁇ c alkohol, preferably a low-molecular-weight alkanol (particularly C -alkanol), and the polyester or ohgoester (P s ) or (Ps'") optionally also contains as a constituent a copolyme ⁇ sed compound (Hi).
• the wet-acting lubricants according to the invention i.e. polyesters (P s ) or respectively compositions (W) can be employed under the said conditions and optimally display their activity, without their action being impaired.
• the wet-acting lubricants (W) particularly those which consist only of (P s ) and (G) and optionally (X), (Y) and/or (Z), in aqueous dispersion or colloidal solution, these are also particularly suitable as wet-acting lubricants in jet dyeing machines, especially also in those in which the goods or the liquor are subjected to extremely high dynamic stress, or in which very high shear forces develop in the liquor.
• compositions (W) or the polyesters (or ohgoesters) (P s ) [in particular (P s ') or (P s ") or even (Ps'”)] have, even in very short liquors, for example at liquor/goods ratios of ⁇ 15/1, particularly also ⁇ 10/1, a very good, extremely superficial wet slippage action, in particular to the extent that they cause the lubricant to accumulate at the goods surface and the liquor to accumulate in the immediate vicinity of the lubricant and, as a flowing liquor layer, facilitates wet slippage of the goods to a surprisingly high degree
• the wet-actmg lubricants (P s ) according to the invention particularly in the form of their aqueous compositions (W), in particular optimally dyed and/or optically brightened materials may be obtained, m which the action of the respective treatment agent (pre-treatment agent, dye, optical b ⁇ ghtener or after-treatment agent) is not impaired and an optimum goods appearance is obtained
• polyesters (Ps) and the preparations (W) as wet-actmg lubricants (or slip agents) can be determined, for example, as follows by measurement of the coefficient of friction: a first piece of fabric is tensioned in contact with the inside base of a shallow, flat trough, fixed at one end with a clamp and covered with an amount of liquor which corresponds to the liquor ratios which are usual m practice; a 200 g weight with a smooth, flat, rectangular base on which a second piece of the same fabric is tensioned and fixed is placed horizontally on top.
• N 0 denotes the normal force (i.e. the weight of the "sledge” on the “track)
• Z s denotes the horizontal traction force which is necessary to set the “sledge” in motion on the "track”
• Z ⁇ denotes the horizontal traction force which is necessary to keep the "sledge” moving at a constant speed on the "track”
• the static coefficient of friction ⁇ s can be expressed by the following formula
• (P s ) allows not only ⁇ ⁇ but also ⁇ s to be reduced to very low values.
• the overall effectiveness of the wet-acting lubricants can be observed visually by checking the correspondingly treated goods m order to determine chafe points (or chafe marks) or transport fold marks (for example on a dyeing).
• the transesterification commences at an internal temperature of about 165°C. After about 5 hours, more than 98 % of the expected amount of methanol has distilled off.
• the batch is cooled to 80°C, 72 g of methylpolyethylene glycol 750, 91.2 g of methylpolyethylene glycol 1820 and 387.5 g of polyethylene glycol 1500 are then added.
• the flask is again rendered inert and heated to 200-220°C, the pressure is then lowered to 1-5 mbar over the course of 1 hour, and the condensation is carried out at 220-240°C for a further 2-5 hours, during which a mixture of ethylene glycol and 1 ,2-propylene glycol distils off After termination of the condensation, the system is aerated with nitrogen and cooled The product solidifies on cooling to room temperature to give a solid mate ⁇ al. Yield 730 g.
• the vacuum is then broken using nitrogen, and 1 part of biocide (1 5 % aqueous solution of a 1/1 mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azol ⁇ n-3-one hydrochlo ⁇ de and 2-methyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azohn-3-one hydro- chloride) is then added, the pH is adjusted to 7 (using sodium hydroxide solution or glacial acetic acid, depending on the water quality), and the product is then discharged.
• biocide (1 5 % aqueous solution of a 1/1 mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azol ⁇ n-3-one hydrochlo ⁇ de and 2-methyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azohn-3-one hydro- chloride
• An 8 % aqueous dispersion of the ohgoester produced m accordance with Example 3 is produced by initially introducing the water, drawing in the ohgoester in molten form, and heating the mixture to 80°C with stirring, and, as soon as a homogeneous dispersion is present, cooling the dispersion to room temperature Before discharge, 0.2 % of the same biocide as in dispersion Wl are added.
• melt at 120°C About 1000 parts of melt at 120°C are obtained, which are added to a mixture of 3750 parts of water and 250 parts of the adduct of 10 mol of ethylene oxide onto 1 mol of oleyl alcohol at from 50 to 60°C. The mixture is subsequently cooled to room temperature. 5000 parts of aqueous dispersion W12 are obtained.
• polyester automobile velour is dyed as follows in a Mathis laboratory jet 90 parts of polyester velour are introduced into the jet, which contains 900 parts of aqueous liquor and 1 g/1 of dispersion Wl . 0.62 % of C.I. Disperse Yellow 52, 2.3 % of C.I.
• Disperse Red 86 0.5 % of C.I Disperse Blue 77, 0.5 g/1 of an anionic dispersant (formaldehyde condensate of sulphonated naphthalene) and 0.5 g/1 of a levelling agent (mixture of sulphonated aromatic compounds) are added to the liquor, the pH is adjusted to from 4.5 to 5 with acetic acid, and the liquid is heated from room temperature to 130°C at a rate of l°C/m ⁇ n, and dyeing is continued at 130°C for 30 minutes. The mixture is then cooled to 70°C, and the bath is discharged.
• an anionic dispersant formaldehyde condensate of sulphonated naphthalene
• a levelling agent mixture of sulphonated aromatic compounds
• a piece of polyester microfibre tricot is dyed as follows in a Mathis laboratory jet: 90 parts of polyester microfibre tricot are introduced into the jet, which contains 900 parts of aqueous liquor and 1 g/1 of dispersion Wl . 0.11 % of C.I. Disperse Yellow 52, 0.46 % of C.I. Disperse Red 86, 0.095 % of C.I.
• Disperse Blue 77 and 0.5 g/1 of an anionic dispersant (formaldehyde condensate of sulphonated naphthalene) are added to the liquor, the pH is adjusted to from 4.5 to 5.0 with acetic acid, the liquor is heated from room temperature to 130°C at a rate of l°C/m ⁇ n and dyeing is continued at 130°C for 15 minutes. This is followed by re-cooling and ⁇ nsing twice with water. The liquor is then discharged, the goods are unloaded and dried m free air at room temperature. Mouse-grey, uniformly dyed goods having a soft hand and a very attractive goods appearance are obtained.
• an anionic dispersant formaldehyde condensate of sulphonated naphthalene
• polyester/viscose rayon 70/30 blend fabric 100 parts are introduced into 900 parts of an aqueous liquor, warmed to 50°C, which contains 1 parts of dispersion Wl and 60 parts of sodium sulphate (Glauber's salt).
• a solution of 0.35 parts of C.I. Reactive Blue 41 and 0.73 parts of C.I. Reactive Green 12 in 50 parts of water are added to the bath.
• a solution of 1.5 parts of soda in 50 parts of water are added, and dyeing is continued at 50°C for 20 minutes.
• Disperse Yellow 54 and 0.53 parts of C.I Disperse Blue 60 in 50 parts of water is then added to the bath, and the pH of the bath is adjusted to 4.5-5.0 with acetic acid
• the mixture is then heated from 50°C to 120°C at a rate of 1.5°C/mm.
• the dyeing is carried out at 130°C for a further 45 minutes, and the bath is then cooled to 60°C at a rate of 2°C/m ⁇ n. After finishing in a conventional manner (rinsing, washing, drying), a very level green dyeing having a perfect goods appearance is obtained
• the other Dispersions W2 to W12 are employed in the above Application Examples A, B and C in an analogous manner to Dispersion Wl .

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
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