EP1198820A1 - Röntgenanode und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung - Google Patents
Röntgenanode und verfahren zu ihrer herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1198820A1 EP1198820A1 EP00958290A EP00958290A EP1198820A1 EP 1198820 A1 EP1198820 A1 EP 1198820A1 EP 00958290 A EP00958290 A EP 00958290A EP 00958290 A EP00958290 A EP 00958290A EP 1198820 A1 EP1198820 A1 EP 1198820A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ray
- anode
- diamond
- ray anode
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
- H01J35/18—Windows
- H01J35/186—Windows used as targets or X-ray converters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—HANDLING OF PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
Definitions
- the invention relates to an X-ray anode and a method for its production.
- the X-ray anode according to the invention is preferably used in X-ray apparatuses in which the highest possible radiation intensity is required.
- the use in X-ray microscopes in which a high radiation intensity ensures the highest resolutions is particularly preferred.
- metallic anode material When generating X-rays, metallic anode material is usually charged with electrons. The radiation emitted by characteristic electronic transitions leaves the apparatus through a window that is transparent to the X-rays. The X-rays are generated to avoid absorption at low gas pressures. The transparent window serves to separate the low pressure area from the outside area.
- Metallic X-ray anodes for example made of copper or molybdenum, and a window made of beryllium in an angular target arrangement are known.
- the anode and the beryllium window have a certain spatial distance and are tilted against one another.
- the generated X-rays are used for X-ray microscopic purposes used, this solution has the disadvantage that the resolution is only very moderate because of the inevitable beam divergence between the anode and the object to be imaged.
- Beryllium is also highly toxic and should therefore be avoided as a window material.
- microfocus sources in which the anode material is located as a layer on a beryllium window, and in which the anode is exposed to an electron beam that is focused as much as possible.
- the anode moves closer to the object during optical imaging and the optical resolution can be increased.
- the resolution is the better, the sharper the electron beam impinging on the anode is focused on the anode.
- Neglecting diffraction a spot focus on the anode would be ideal. With a point-like focus, however, the problem arises that the energy injected by the electron bombardment causes the materials to melt and / or evaporate and thus to a decrease in their service life.
- the anode In order to compensate for the evaporation of anode material, the anode must be chosen thicker. However, a thick anode means that the X-rays are absorbed by the anode material itself. The choice of a thicker beryllium window is ruled out for the same reason. In addition, this solution has the considerable disadvantage that mechanical problems can arise due to the existing pressure differences, in which the microfocus source can easily burst.
- T h e d i solution eses technical problem by the features specified in claim 1.
- D i e dissolved supervisedssorptionige task for manufacturing such X-ray anode w ll by the features of claim 16.
- Advantageous embodiments dissolved i are specified in the dependent claims
- a polycrystalline diamond substrate or diamond window and also a window made from a single crystal can be used.
- a polycrystalline diamond substrate can be produced particularly simply by chemical vapor deposition (CVD chemical vapor deposition), for example by hot wire CVD or microwave CVD This also allows the production of large diamond substrates at moderate prices.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition chemical vapor deposition
- hot wire CVD hot wire CVD
- microwave CVD microwave chemical vapor deposition
- the deposition of the anode material is carried out using a different deposition process, for example using physical gas phase deposition (PVD)
- anode material metals, several layers of metal, or metal alloys come into consideration as anode material.
- the thickness of the anode material is preferably in the range between 1 ⁇ m and 25 ⁇ m, even better in the range between 3 ⁇ m and 12 ⁇ m, and best at 6 ⁇ m.
- the layers do not have to have constant thicknesses. This is to be understood to mean that, for example in the case of a disk-shaped microfocus source, the disk thickness does not have to be uniform. For example, the disc may have a greater thickness at the edges.
- the thicknesses given above for the layers are therefore to be understood to mean that these are thicknesses in the focus range.
- a temperature sensor can be provided for the X-ray anode according to the invention.
- An elegant way to do this is to use the diamond window as a thermistor, i.e. in exploiting the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of the diamond window. After appropriate calibration, the user then only has to set the optimum working point with regard to the desired radiation intensity with a minimal evaporation rate. This makes it easier to avoid thermal damage to the X-ray anode according to the invention.
- the diamond window as a thermally extremely stable material, will usually still be completely intact. In this case, the remaining anode material can be chemically removed and the diamond window coated again as part of maintenance work.
- the choice of diamond as the window material thus allows the X-ray anode according to the invention to be inexpensively repaired while at the same time reusing the diamond window.
- a polycstalline diamond layer (1) with a thickness of 250 ⁇ m is deposited on an auxiliary substrate using hot wire CVD. After removing the auxiliary substrate, a tungsten layer (2) 6 ⁇ m thick is deposited on this diamond layer by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD). The tungsten layer covers the entire diamond layer.
- the X-ray source is installed in the housing (4) of a commercial X-ray microscope using a clamping device (3), whereby sealing rings (4) are used to ensure a stable vacuum. The only Fig.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19934987 | 1999-07-26 | ||
| DE19934987A DE19934987B4 (de) | 1999-07-26 | 1999-07-26 | Röntgenanode und ihre Verwendung |
| PCT/EP2000/007076 WO2001008195A1 (de) | 1999-07-26 | 2000-07-24 | Röntgenanode und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1198820A1 true EP1198820A1 (de) | 2002-04-24 |
| EP1198820B1 EP1198820B1 (de) | 2006-04-19 |
Family
ID=7916063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00958290A Expired - Lifetime EP1198820B1 (de) | 1999-07-26 | 2000-07-24 | Röntgenanode |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6850598B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1198820B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2003505845A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100740266B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE323947T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19934987B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001008195A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (60)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005516376A (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-06-02 | ザ ジョンズ ホプキンズ ユニバーシティ | 選択可能なx線周波数をより効率よく生成するx線源および方法 |
| US7280636B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2007-10-09 | Illinois Institute Of Technology | Device and method for producing a spatially uniformly intense source of x-rays |
| DE112005000798T5 (de) * | 2004-04-08 | 2007-04-05 | Japan Science And Technology Agency, Kawaguchi | Röntgenstrahlen-Target und Vorrichtungen, die es verwenden |
| DE202005017496U1 (de) * | 2005-11-07 | 2007-03-15 | Comet Gmbh | Target für eine Mikrofocus- oder Nanofocus-Röntgenröhre |
| US20080075229A1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-03-27 | Nanometrics Incorporated | Generation of Monochromatic and Collimated X-Ray Beams |
| GB2453570A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-15 | Kratos Analytical Ltd | Electrode for x-ray apparatus |
| JP5221215B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2013-06-26 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線発生装置 |
| JP5670111B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-04 | 2015-02-18 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | X線発生用ターゲット、x線発生装置、及びx線発生用ターゲットの製造方法 |
| TWI555511B (zh) | 2010-12-07 | 2016-11-01 | 和鑫生技開發股份有限公司 | 一種穿透式x光管及一種反射式x光管 |
| US9373478B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2016-06-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Radiation generating apparatus and radiation imaging apparatus |
| JP5449118B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型放射線管、放射線発生装置および放射線撮影装置 |
| JP5812700B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2015-11-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | X線放出ターゲット、x線発生管およびx線発生装置 |
| JP2012256443A (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-27 | Canon Inc | X線放出ターゲットおよびx線放出装置 |
| JP5875297B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-03-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | 放射線発生管及びそれを用いた放射線発生装置、放射線撮影システム |
| DE102012011309B4 (de) * | 2011-10-28 | 2022-08-25 | Gamc Biotech Development Co., Ltd. | Röntgenstrahlröhre vom Transmissionstyp und Röntgenstrahlröhre vom Reflektionstyp |
| US20150117599A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2015-04-30 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray interferometric imaging system |
| JP5868670B2 (ja) | 2011-11-28 | 2016-02-24 | ギガフォトン株式会社 | ホルダ装置、チャンバ装置、および、極端紫外光生成装置 |
| JP5911323B2 (ja) | 2012-02-06 | 2016-04-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | ターゲット構造体及びそれを備える放射線発生装置並びに放射線撮影システム |
| WO2014054497A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-10 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | X線発生用ターゲットの製造方法及びx線発生用ターゲット |
| JP6140983B2 (ja) | 2012-11-15 | 2017-06-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型ターゲット、x線発生ターゲット、x線発生管、x線x線発生装置、並びに、x線x線撮影装置 |
| JP6253233B2 (ja) | 2013-01-18 | 2017-12-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型x線ターゲットおよび、該透過型x線ターゲットを備えた放射線発生管、並びに、該放射線発生管を備えた放射線発生装置、並びに、該放射線発生装置を備えた放射線撮影装置 |
| JP6116274B2 (ja) | 2013-02-13 | 2017-04-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 放射線発生装置および該放射線発生装置を備える放射線撮影装置 |
| JP6100036B2 (ja) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-03-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型ターゲットおよび該透過型ターゲットを備える放射線発生管、放射線発生装置、及び、放射線撮影装置 |
| WO2015084466A2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2015-06-11 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray sources using linear accumulation |
| JP6338341B2 (ja) | 2013-09-19 | 2018-06-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型放射線管、放射線発生装置及び放射線撮影システム |
| US9390881B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2016-07-12 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray sources using linear accumulation |
| US10269528B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2019-04-23 | Sigray, Inc. | Diverging X-ray sources using linear accumulation |
| US10297359B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2019-05-21 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray illumination system with multiple target microstructures |
| US9449781B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-09-20 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray illuminators with high flux and high flux density |
| US9570265B1 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2017-02-14 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray fluorescence system with high flux and high flux density |
| US10295485B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2019-05-21 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray transmission spectrometer system |
| US9448190B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2016-09-20 | Sigray, Inc. | High brightness X-ray absorption spectroscopy system |
| FR3012663B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-12-04 | Thales Sa | Generateur de rayons x a capteur de flux integre |
| USRE48612E1 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2021-06-29 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray interferometric imaging system |
| US10304580B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2019-05-28 | Sigray, Inc. | Talbot X-ray microscope |
| JP6594479B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-06 | 2019-10-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型ターゲットおよび該透過型ターゲットを備えるx線発生管 |
| JP6335729B2 (ja) | 2013-12-06 | 2018-05-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型ターゲットおよび該透過型ターゲットを備えるx線発生管 |
| US9594036B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-03-14 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray surface analysis and measurement apparatus |
| US9823203B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-11-21 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray surface analysis and measurement apparatus |
| JP6381269B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-21 | 2018-08-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | ターゲットおよび前記ターゲットを備えるx線発生管、x線発生装置、x線撮影システム |
| US10401309B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-09-03 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray techniques using structured illumination |
| JP6452334B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 | 2019-01-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | ターゲット、該ターゲットを備えたx線発生管、x線発生装置、x線撮影システム |
| JP6700745B2 (ja) | 2014-11-28 | 2020-05-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 粉末、熱可塑性組成物、および立体物の製造方法 |
| US10352880B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | Sigray, Inc. | Method and apparatus for x-ray microscopy |
| US10295486B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2019-05-21 | Sigray, Inc. | Detector for X-rays with high spatial and high spectral resolution |
| US10247683B2 (en) | 2016-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | Sigray, Inc. | Material measurement techniques using multiple X-ray micro-beams |
| WO2018175570A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | Sigray, Inc. | Method of performing x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectrometer system |
| JP2017139238A (ja) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-08-10 | キヤノン株式会社 | 透過型ターゲットおよび該透過型ターゲットの製造方法、ならびに、放射線発生管、並びに、該放射線発生管を備えた放射線発生装置、並びに、該放射線発生装置を備えた放射線撮影装置 |
| US10847336B2 (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | Bruker AXS, GmbH | Analytical X-ray tube with high thermal performance |
| US10578566B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2020-03-03 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray emission spectrometer system |
| CN112424591B (zh) | 2018-06-04 | 2024-05-24 | 斯格瑞公司 | 波长色散x射线光谱仪 |
| DE112019003777B4 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2025-09-11 | Sigray, Inc. | Röntgenreflexionsquelle mit hoher helligkeit |
| US10656105B2 (en) | 2018-08-06 | 2020-05-19 | Sigray, Inc. | Talbot-lau x-ray source and interferometric system |
| CN112638261B (zh) | 2018-09-04 | 2025-06-27 | 斯格瑞公司 | 利用滤波的x射线荧光的系统和方法 |
| US11056308B2 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2021-07-06 | Sigray, Inc. | System and method for depth-selectable x-ray analysis |
| US11152183B2 (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2021-10-19 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray source with rotating anode at atmospheric pressure |
| CN118541772A (zh) | 2022-01-13 | 2024-08-23 | 斯格瑞公司 | 用于生成高通量低能量x射线的微焦x射线源 |
| WO2023145101A1 (ja) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-03 | キヤノンアネルバ株式会社 | 検査装置および検査方法 |
| WO2023168204A1 (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-07 | Sigray, Inc. | X-ray fluorescence system and x-ray source with electrically insulative target material |
| US12181423B1 (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2024-12-31 | Sigray, Inc. | Secondary image removal using high resolution x-ray transmission sources |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US459437A (en) * | 1891-09-15 | bouchard | ||
| US458243A (en) * | 1891-08-25 | Knife | ||
| FR2355428A1 (fr) * | 1976-06-14 | 1978-01-13 | Elf Aquitaine | Dispositif d'irradiation a haut rendement comportant un tube generateur de rayons x avec anode fenetre |
| NL8301839A (nl) * | 1983-05-25 | 1984-12-17 | Philips Nv | Roentgenbuis met twee opvolgende lagen anodemateriaal. |
| NL8301838A (nl) * | 1983-05-25 | 1984-12-17 | Philips Nv | Roentgenbuis voor het opwekken van zachte roentgenstraling. |
| EP0432568A3 (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-28 | General Electric Company | X ray tube anode and tube having same |
| US5258091A (en) | 1990-09-18 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of producing X-ray window |
| JP3026284B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-18 | 2000-03-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | X線窓材とその製造方法 |
| GB9407073D0 (en) | 1994-04-09 | 1994-06-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | X-Ray windows |
| JP3724848B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-14 | 2005-12-07 | 則夫 岡田 | 光学用窓 |
| DE19544203A1 (de) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-06-05 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Röntgenröhre, insbesondere Mikrofokusröntgenröhre |
| JP2948163B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-29 | 1999-09-13 | 株式会社東芝 | X線装置 |
| US5984853A (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1999-11-16 | Radi Medical Systems Ab | Miniaturized source of ionizing radiation and method of delivering same |
| DE19821939A1 (de) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-18 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Röntgenstrahler mit einem Flüssigmetall-Target |
| US6366639B1 (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 2002-04-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | X-ray mask, method of manufacturing the same, and X-ray exposure method |
| DE19905802A1 (de) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-17 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Röntgenröhre |
-
1999
- 1999-07-26 DE DE19934987A patent/DE19934987B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-24 EP EP00958290A patent/EP1198820B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-24 US US10/030,133 patent/US6850598B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-24 DE DE50012611T patent/DE50012611D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-24 WO PCT/EP2000/007076 patent/WO2001008195A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-24 JP JP2001512615A patent/JP2003505845A/ja active Pending
- 2000-07-24 KR KR1020027001025A patent/KR100740266B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-24 AT AT00958290T patent/ATE323947T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0108195A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100740266B1 (ko) | 2007-07-18 |
| DE19934987B4 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
| US6850598B1 (en) | 2005-02-01 |
| KR20020035111A (ko) | 2002-05-09 |
| DE19934987A1 (de) | 2001-05-03 |
| ATE323947T1 (de) | 2006-05-15 |
| DE50012611D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
| JP2003505845A (ja) | 2003-02-12 |
| WO2001008195A1 (de) | 2001-02-01 |
| EP1198820B1 (de) | 2006-04-19 |
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