Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
  • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
  • B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap

Definitions

• the invention relates to a high gradient magnetic separator according to the preamble of the first claim.
• the elements of the matrix structure are magnetized by the external field and in turn form magnetic poles that strengthen or weaken the external field in places.
• the resulting high field strength gradients result in a strong magnetic force on para or ferromagnetic particles in the direction of higher field strength.
• the particles attach to the induced magnetic poles of the matrix and are thus separated from the fluid.
• [2] describes a further high-gradient magnetic separator for the continuous separation of a fluid stream enriched with magnetizable particles (in the example: ore sludge) into partial fluid streams, enriched with unmagnetizable and magnetizable particles.
• the previously prepared particle-containing fluid is introduced into a non-magnetizable cladding tube. This leads into the separation zone, in which magnetic wires which can flow freely around as a matrix structure are arranged at regular intervals from one another parallel to the cladding tube.
• the wires are magnetized against an external magnetic field, which can be generated by a permanent magnet, electromagnet, superconducting magnet or a cryotechnical magnet, whereby magnetic force gradients inevitably form around the wires. Consequently, in this field the magnetic particles in the fluid flow are concentrated in the area of the highest magnetic field strength, directly at the magnetic poles of the wires. During continuous operation, the separator can be expected to clog due to particles deposited on the magnetic poles of the wires.
• the fluid is introduced into the channel structure shortly before leaving the external magnetic field, the inlets of which are arranged in such a way that the fluid flow is divided into one that is enriched with magnetizable particles and the remaining flow is divided and discharged separately from the device.
• a device for a continuous magnetic separation possibility with a significantly lower tendency to clog in continuous operation is described in [3]. It is crucial here that the separation zone with an elongated cross section, into which the particle-containing fluid is introduced, has a non-magnetizable wall.
• a magnetic field is applied to the separator, the field lines of which ideally run perpendicular to the flow direction and perpendicular to the longest axis of symmetry of the flow cross section in the separation zone.
• a single magnetizable wire is arranged parallel to the flow direction on an end face of the elongated cross section of the separation zone.
• the separation zone is divided into several channels, which divide the fluid into different fractions, which differ in the proportion of magnetizable particles.
• the device is also described in [4], with the arrangement of two magnetizable wires (instead of one wire) on the end faces of the elongated cross section of the separation zone as an additional exemplary embodiment. lel is shown to the direction of flow. Due to the design, a certain size is to be expected in the embodiment described, which limits the possible uses of this embodiment, in particular for larger fluid throughputs.
• larger fluid flows are described in [5]. It is proposed to arrange magnetizable wires alternately with rectangular channels arranged parallel to them, the individual lines being separated from one another by paramagnetic intermediate plates. A magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the rows and the intermediate plates for the separation process. A practical test of the concept is not described in [5] any more than a technical solution for the supply and discharge of the fluid to be separated.
• the object of the invention is to design the channels in the region of the separation zone in such a way that a further increase in efficiency compared to the prior art is achieved. Furthermore, a technically feasible derivation for the partial fluid flows, which is precisely matched to the partial flows of the separated fluid, is to be provided.
• freely movable magnetizable particles in a solution basically strive to accumulate in the area of the greatest magnetic field strengths. Not only do the portions of the magnetic forces oriented radially to the magnetizable wires act on these particles, but also forces oriented tangentially to the wires. These tangential magnetic force components were created in the design of the channel cross sections in the separation zone of the high gradient magnetic separator according to the invention.
• the invention brings about the realization of magnetic force gradients with radial and tangential alignment in the flow cross-section in such a way that the magnetizable particles contained in the fluid stream can be concentrated as completely as possible in a small partial fluid stream during the passage through the separation zone. Consequently, the high-gradient magnetic separator according to the invention has an elliptical or circular cross section of the channels in the separation zone compared to the last-mentioned prior art.
• the enrichment of magnetizable particles takes place in the separation zone in segments of the elliptical or circular channels rotated by 90 ° with respect to the row structure.
• the dividing walls dividing the flow are provided according to the invention parallel to the row structures in these channels, which divides the fluid flow into partial flows with and without magnetizable particles.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically the side view of the high gradient magnetic separator with inlet, separation zone in the form of a separator block, the separate processes of two fluid fractions and the magnetization device.
• Fig. 2 shows the section through the separator block perpendicular to the ferromagnetic wires and the flow channels.
• FIG. 3 shows the section through the splitter block near the separator block (ie still under the influence of a magnetic field) perpendicular to the ferromagnetic wires and the flow channels, which are already equipped in this area, the dividing walls dividing the flow.
• FIG. 4 shows the section through the splinter block at the level of and parallel to the discharge bores for the partial fluid stream depleted in magnetizable particles.
• Fig. 5 shows the view of the splinter plate.
• FIG 6 shows an alternative design option for the separate derivation of the individual partial fluid streams.
• FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of a separator block 3 composed of shaped elements perpendicular to the ferromagnetic wires and the flow channels.
• Fig. 1 shows the structure with all modules of the high gradient repulsion separator according to the invention.
• the fluid stream a Via the inlet 1 and the distributor 2, the fluid stream a reaches the separation zone, contained in the separator block 3.
• the division of the fluid stream a ideally into a partial stream with and without magnetizable particles b and c takes place in the so-called splitter block 4, which also contains the processes 5 of the Fluidteistromes c (without magnetizable particles).
• the partial fluid flow b (with magnetizable particles) passes through the splitter plate 6 to the collector 7, which finds its constructive conclusion with the end plate 8 and opens into the outlet 9 for the partial fluid flow b.
• the separator block 3 and part of the splitter block 4 are located between the pole pieces 10 of a permanent magnet system, which generates a magnetic field H in these areas.
• the aforementioned components of the high-gradient repulsion separator are braced and sealed against one another by a tensioning device 11 (for example by threaded rods with tension nuts).
• lines A, B, C and D are shown in FIG. 1, which define the position of the sectional planes shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, 6 and 7 through the described high gradient repulsion separator.
• the section through the separator block 3 according to the plane A in Fig.
• the separator block 3 consists of a non-magnetic material and is provided with continuous, mat ⁇ xform in several lines parallel to each other and perpendicular to the cutting plane, in which ferromagnetic wires 13 are used. With the exception of the first and last lines, a flow channel 14 with a circular cross-section running through the entire separator block 3 is arranged in parallel between these two wires 13 in each case between two wires 13, whereby flow channels 14 and wires 13 are separated from one another by the non-magnetic material of the separator block 3 are.
• the direction of the magnetic field H required during continuous operation (arrow in FIG. 2) is perpendicular to the planes which are formed by the ferromagnetic wires 13 and channels 14 arranged in the rows.
• the bores 12 in the separator block are also in FIG. 2
• the arrangement of the wires 13 and the channels 14 in the external magnetic field H ensures that the areas in which the magnetizable particles are concentrated, i. H. in which the repelling magnetic force is as small as possible, are rotated by 90 ° relative to the contact points of each channel 13 with the wire 14.
• the risk of clogging of the channels 14 due to particle deposits in continuous operation is largely avoided.
• Fig. 3 shows the cross section of the splinter block 4 along the section line B in Fig. 1, i. H. immediately after the Separatoblock 3 and still in the influence of the magnetic field H. Consequently, the cross section corresponds to the fragment block
• the separator block 3 largely in this area that of the separator block 3 and differs only in that the channels 14 for dividing the fluid flow a into the two partial fluid streams b and c are each divided by two partition walls 17 arranged perpendicular to the magnetic field H into a central channel 16 and two side channels 15 are.
• the larger partial fluid stream c which is depleted of magnetizable particles, is diverted via the central channels 16 to the outlet 5
• the partial fluid stream b enriched with magnetizable particles whose volume flow in the present embodiment makes up approximately 5 to 30% of that of the fluid stream a, flows through the side channels 15 through the splitter plate 6 into the collector 7.
• the partial fluid flow c depleted in magnetizable particles is led out of the central channels 16 through the collecting channels 18 designed as lateral bores and the outlets 5 out of the high-gradient magnetic separator, while the partial fluid stream b (with the magnetizable particles) is derived from the fragment block via the side channels 15.
• the central channels 16 end in the area between the collecting channels 18 and the transition to the splitter plate 6 or at this, the side channels 15 run through the entire splitter block 4.
• the splitter block 4 is closed by a splitter plate 6 (see FIG. 5). This has slot openings 19 at the points at which the side channels 15 end. As a result, the partial fluid flow b can reach the collector 7 from the side channels 15 and leave the high-gradient magnetic separator via the outlet 9.
• the central channels 16, however, are sealed by the splitter plate 6.
• FIG. 6 shows an alternative design of the splitter block 4 with the subsequent components for diverting the partial fluid flows b and c as a section along the line D drawn in FIG. 1.
• the basic structure of the splitter block differs in the above-mentioned embodiment in that the collecting channels 18 are closed at their exits from the splinter block by plugs 20 and the derivation of the partial fluid flow c depleted of magnetizable particles via the central channels 16 via the collecting channels 18 initially takes place in connecting pipes, which in the extension of the through holes in this embodiment through the entire splitter block 4 are used for the ferromagnetic wires 13, bridge the correspondingly structurally adapted splitter plate 25 as well as the collector 7 and the plate 26 for the partial fluid flow b and open into a downstream common solution collector 22.
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a further, alternative embodiment of the separator block 3, consisting of a non-magnetic housing 28, which contains a stack of likewise non-magnetic shaped elements 27 as guide elements for the ferromagnetic wires 13.
• the channels 14 of the separator block 3 are incorporated into the shaped elements 27 as recesses.
• the design of the shaped elements 27 are designed so that the matrix around each line, consisting of ferromagnetic wires 13 and channels 14, can be assembled with two shaped elements 27, each rotated by 180 °.
• the arrangement within the stack requires the matrix to be filled with non-magnetic material, which in principle corresponds to the aforementioned monolithic embodiment according to FIG. 2, but consists of components that are much easier to manufacture.

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• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
• Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 1999
  • 1999-07-22 DE DE19934427A patent/DE19934427C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-07-08 EP EP00944019A patent/EP1198296B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-08 DE DE50003468T patent/DE50003468D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-08 WO PCT/EP2000/006498 patent/WO2001007167A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-07-08 AT AT00944019T patent/ATE248024T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2002
  • 2002-01-18 US US10/056,799 patent/US6688473B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-02-19 US US10/078,097 patent/US20020074266A1/en active Pending

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