EP1182907B1 - Elektroakustischer Wandler - Google Patents

Elektroakustischer Wandler Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1182907B1
EP1182907B1 EP20010307079 EP01307079A EP1182907B1 EP 1182907 B1 EP1182907 B1 EP 1182907B1 EP 20010307079 EP20010307079 EP 20010307079 EP 01307079 A EP01307079 A EP 01307079A EP 1182907 B1 EP1182907 B1 EP 1182907B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
conductor pattern
conductor
magnetic
speaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010307079
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1182907A3 (de
EP1182907A2 (de
Inventor
Takashi c/o Pioneer Corporation Oyaba
Shouichiro c/o Pioneer Corporation Terauchi
Tomonori c/o Pioneer Corporation Ishizuki
Katsutoki c/o Pioneer Corporation Hanayama
Ryuichi c/o Pioneer Corporation Kato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pioneer Corp
Original Assignee
Pioneer Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pioneer Corp filed Critical Pioneer Corp
Publication of EP1182907A2 publication Critical patent/EP1182907A2/de
Publication of EP1182907A3 publication Critical patent/EP1182907A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1182907B1 publication Critical patent/EP1182907B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer such as an audio speaker, and more particularly to an electroacoustic transducer having excellent characteristics in the high frequency region.
  • the conventional audio speaker shown in the section view of Fig. 14 comprises: a diaphragm 3 which is stretched between support members 1 and 2; and plural pairs of magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b in each of which the paired magnets are vertically opposed to each other across a diaphragm 3.
  • the diaphragm 3 has a structure in which a conductor pattern 7 corresponding to a voice coil is formed on the surface of a flat plate-like thin film material.
  • the magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b are arranged so that gaps are formed at predetermined intervals L in a lateral direction. According to this configuration, the conductor pattern 7 crosses magnetic fields generated by the magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b, and a reproduced sound is released in the vertical direction X through the gaps of the interval L.
  • the conventional audio speaker shown in the section view of Fig. 15 comprises: a diaphragm 8 having curved portions 8b and 8c; support members 9 and 10 which supports the diaphragm 8; yokes 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b which are opposed to each other across a portion 8a of the diaphragm 8; and magnets 13a and 13b.
  • the diaphragm 8 is configured by the three portions 8a, 8b, and 8c which are formed basically by a thin film material.
  • the first portion 8a is sandwiched by the yokes 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b and the magnets 13a and 13b.
  • the second and third portions 8b and 8c are coupled to an upper end P of the first portion 8a, and convexly upward curved in right and left sides, respectively.
  • conductor patterns 14 and 15 corresponding to a voice coil is formed on the surface of the film material.
  • the outer ends of the second and third portions 8b and 8c are supported by the support members 9 and 10, respectively, whereby the whole of the diaphragm 8 including the first portion 8a is supported in a floating state by the support members 9 and 10.
  • the yokes 11a and 11b, and 12a and 12b are opposedly arranged across the conductor patterns 14 and 15 with forming an interval W therebetween, respectively. According to this configuration, the conductor patterns 14 and 15 cross magnetic fields generated by the yokes 11a and 11b, and 12a and 12b.
  • the first portion 8a of the diaphragm 8 is vibrated in the vertical direction X by the driving force generated by magnetic fluxes between the yokes 11a and 11b, and 12a and 12b and the conductor patterns 14 and 15, and the second and third portions 8b and 8c are vibrated in conjunction with the first portion 8a, whereby the reproduced sound which is generated by the vibrations of the second and third portions 8b and 8c is released in the vertical direction X.
  • the frequency characteristics of the reproduced sound which is generated by the vibrations of the diaphragm 3 are affected by the frequency characteristics (transfer function) of the space defined by the magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b, thereby producing another problem in that the frequency characteristics are changed.
  • the intervals L between the magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b may be increased.
  • the efficiency of the magnetic circuit is lowered, and it is therefore very difficult to obtain a high magnetic flux density the absolute value of which is larger than, for example, 0.5 Tesla, as the magnetic flux density of the magnets 4a and 4b to 6a and 6b, with the result that there arises a problem in that the sensitivity of the speaker is low.
  • the diaphragm 8 of the integrated structure is formed by bonding in the upper end P the separate first, second, and third portions 8a, 8b, and 8c, by means of an adhesive agent or the like. This causes problems in that the diaphragm 8 is large in weight and its high-frequency characteristics are lowered, and that the number of production steps is increased.
  • the speaker has the structure in which the conductor patterns 14 and 15 of the diaphragm 8 are inserted into the two gaps (magnetic gaps) between the upper yokes 11a and 11b, and the lower yokes 12a and 12b, respectively.
  • the magnetic circuit has the two magnetic gaps according to the two conductor patterns 14 and 15. Therefore, a current must flow through the conductor patterns 14 and 15 in opposite directions in accordance with an audio signal, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap between the upper yokes 11a and 11b must be opposite in direction to that in the magnetic gap between the lower yokes 12a and 12b, so that the magnetic circuit is complicated.
  • problems such as that the conductor patterns 14 and 15 must be formed into a complicated pattern, and that the production cost is increased.
  • the vibrational energy of the first portion 8a is not sufficiently transmitted to the second and third portions 8b and 8c, thereby producing a problem in that the energy loss is large.
  • the vibrational energy which is generated in the first portion 8a by the magnetic circuit consisting of the lower conductor pattern 15 that is remote from the upper end P, and the yokes 12a and 12b attenuates during propagation to the second and third portions 8b and 8c.
  • the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics in the high frequency region are lowered.
  • the rigidity of the base material (film material) of the first portion 8a is enhanced.
  • this method it is required, for example, to increase the weight of the whole diaphragm 8, or to increase the thickness of the first portion 8a.
  • US-A-4276449 discloses an acoustic transducer with a corrugated diaphragm.
  • an electroacoustic transducer comprising:
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a high-frequency audio speaker of a first embodiment, partly cutaway in order to facilitate the understanding of the structure.
  • the high-frequency audio speaker 16 comprises: a rectangular parallelepiped magnet 17; yokes 18 and 19 which are fixed so as to sandwich the poles (N and S poles) of the magnet 17; a rectangular annular support member 20 which is substantially horizontally placed with respect to a convex upper end (magnetic pole) 18a of the yoke 18 and a convex upper end (magnetic pole) 19a of the yoke 19; and a diaphragm 21 which is supported by the support member 20 in a state where the diaphragm floats in a gap 20a of the support member 20 and between the poles 18a and 19a.
  • a magnetic circuit is formed by the magnet 17 and the yokes 18 and 19.
  • the poles 18a and 19a of the yokes 18 and 19 are opposedly arranged with forming a predetermined interval therebetween, to form a magnetic gap MG.
  • the diaphragm 21 which is supported by the support member 20 is inserted in a floating state into the magnetic gap MG.
  • the magnet 17, the yokes 18 and 19, and the diaphragm 21 constitute a structure which is bilaterally symmetrical with respect to the center position of the magnetic gap MG.
  • the diaphragm 21 is formed basically by a rectangular polymeric resin film which has relatively high heat resistance, and which is flexible and thin (in the embodiment, the thickness is set to be within a range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m), such as polyimide, or polyester, and has a structure in which a thin conductor pattern 22 made of copper, aluminum, or another metal material of high conductivity is formed integrally on the surface of the polymeric resin film by the printing technique.
  • the conductor pattern 22 is configured by first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b which are substantially axisymmetrical with respect to a portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q in Fig. 3, and which are electrically integrated with each other.
  • the first conductor pattern 22a which is rectangular and helical so as to become larger as moving in a counterclockwise direction from the inner side to the outer side is formed in a portion (hereinafter, referred to as "first vibrating section") 21a which is on the left side in the figure with respect to the portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q.
  • the second conductor pattern 22b which is rectangular and helical so as to become smaller as moving in a clockwise direction from the outer side to the inner side is formed in a portion (hereinafter, referred to as "second vibrating section") 21b which is on the right side in the figure with respect to the portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q.
  • the first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b are electrically connected to each other at one end QP of the portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q.
  • the first conductor pattern 22a is formed into a rectangular and helical shape by: a linear conductor pattern portion (corresponding to a voice coil) CLa1 which is on the side of the phantom broken line Q; a conductor pattern portion (corresponding to a voice coil) CLa2 which is on the side of the support member 20; and conductor pattern portions CLa12 through which the corresponding conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLa2 are connected to each other.
  • the second conductor pattern 22b is formed into a rectangular and helical shape by: a linear conductor pattern portion CLb1 which is on the side of the phantom broken line Q; a conductor pattern portion CLb2 which is on the side of the support member 20; and conductor pattern portions CLb12 through which the corresponding conductor pattern portions CLb1 and CLb2 are connected to each other.
  • the first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b which are electrically connected to each other are simultaneously integrally formed in a printing step, so that the production steps are simplified.
  • the polymeric resin film which is the base material is folded along the phantom broken line Q so as to direct the first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b to the outer side, whereby the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 which are axisymmetrical with respect to the phantom broken line Q are positioned in a back to back relationship.
  • the first conductor pattern 22a is formed in a counterclockwise direction
  • the second conductor pattern 22b is formed in a clockwise direction
  • the patterns are axisymmetrical with respect to the phantom broken line Q. Therefore, the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 are positioned in a back to back relationship by folding the polymeric resin film which is the base material, along the phantom broken line Q.
  • the diaphragm 21 has a structure in which a portion where the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 are formed has a flat plate-like shape, and the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b are arcuately widened.
  • Thin lead wires (not shown) of high conductivity are fused and connected to the both ends Sa and Sb of the conductor pattern 22, respectively, so as to allow an audio signal to be supplied through the lead wires.
  • the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b receive the vibrations to vibrate, whereby a reproduced sound is released.
  • the speaker 16 of the embodiment has the structure in which, as shown in Fig. 4, only the flat plate-like portion 23 that is very thin, and that is obtained by folding and bonding a very thin polymeric resin film is inserted into the magnetic gap MG. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the magnetic gap MG to a very small size.
  • the magnetic gap MG can be set to be within a range of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm which is very smaller than a magnetic gap of a usual speaker, so that it is possible to realize a high magnetic flux density of about 1.5 Tesla.
  • the structure is obtained in which the first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b are formed in counterclockwise and clockwise directions, respectively, and the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 are positioned in a back to back relationship by the folding process.
  • the driving current flows through the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 in the same direction, and the magnetic fluxes of the same direction are generated in the conductor pattern portions, so as to enhance the magnetic flux density.
  • the improvement of the electroacoustic conversion efficiency is realized by the simple structure in which the first and second conductor patterns 22a and 22b are formed in counterclockwise and clockwise directions, respectively, and the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 are positioned in a back to back relationship by the folding process. Therefore, the problems discussed in the paragraph of the conventional art, such as that the whole of the conductor patterns must have a complicated shape; and that the magnetic circuit must be complicated can be solved. As a result, simplification of the production steps, reduction of the production cost, and the like are enabled.
  • the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b of the diaphragm 21 can be structured to be symmetrical about the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 which are to be inserted into the magnetic gap MG, by the very simple means in which the polymeric resin film serving as the base material of the diaphragm 21 is folded. Therefore, the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b are enabled to vibrate in a well-balanced manner, so that a faithful, distortionless, and clear sound can be reproduced in accordance with an audio signal.
  • the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b which are used for generating a reproduced sound are not positioned in the magnetic circuit formed by the magnet 17 and the yokes 18 and 19, but are in an open state. Therefore, it is possible to improve the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics.
  • the diaphragm 21 has the simple structure in which the weight can be reduced, and enables the vibrational energy of the flat plate-like portion 23 to be transmitted to the first and second vibrating sections 21a and 21b at a high efficiency. Consequently, the reproduction characteristics in the high frequency region can be largely improved.
  • the linear conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 which are to be inserted into the magnetic MG are the driving portions contributing to the electroacoustic conversion.
  • the conductor pattern portions CLa2, CLa12, CLb2, and CLb12 excluding the conductor pattern portions CLa1 and CLb1 are sufficiently lowered in electric resistance and formed into a pattern shape in which the weight reduction is enabled, therefore, a structure is obtained in which the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics can be easily improved.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of a high-frequency audio speaker of the second embodiment, partly cutaway in order to facilitate the understanding of the structure.
  • the high-frequency audio speaker 25 comprises: two rectangular parallelepiped magnets 26 and 27; three yokes 28, 29, and 30 which are fixed so as to sandwich the poles of the magnets 26 and 27; a rectangular annular support member 33 which is substantially horizontally placed with respect to convex upper ends (magnetic poles) 31, 28a, 28b, and 32 of the yokes 28, 29, and 30; and a diaphragm 34 which is supported by the support member 33.
  • a magnetic circuit is formed by the magnets 26 and 27 and the yokes 28, 29, and 30.
  • the pole 28a of the yoke 28 and the pole 31 of the yoke 29 are opposedly arranged with forming a predetermined interval therebetween, to form a first magnetic gap MG1, and the pole 28b of the yoke 28 and the pole 32 of the yoke 30 are opposedly arranged with forming a predetermined interval therebetween, to form a second magnetic gap MG2.
  • the support member 33 is disposed inside the yokes 29 and 30, and the yoke 28 is disposed in a gap 33a of the support member 33.
  • the ends are fixed to the support member 33, and passed through the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2, respectively, so as to have a curved shape which protrudes to the outside of the yoke 28.
  • the width of the diaphragm 34 is formed to be larger than the gap 33a of the support member 33.
  • the ends of the diaphragm 34 are fixed to the inner ends of the support member 33 so as to be directed toward the magnets 26 and 27, respectively.
  • the ends of the diaphragm 34 are curved by the same curvature toward the magnets 26 and 27, respectively, and the center portion which is passed through the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2 to protrude to the outside of the yoke 28 is curved into a semicylindrical shape, so that the whole diaphragm 34 is supported in a dynamically balanced condition by the support member 33.
  • the diaphragm 34 is formed basically by a rectangular polymeric resin film which has relatively high heat resistance, and which is flexible and thin (in the embodiment, the thickness is set to be within a range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m), such as polyimide, or polyester, and has a structure in which a thin conductor pattern portion 35 made of copper, aluminum, or another metal material of high conductivity.is formed integrally on the surface of the polymeric resin film by the printing technique.
  • the conductor pattern portion 35 is substantially axisymmetrical with respect to a center portion of the rectangular polymeric resin film (the portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q), and formed into a rectangular and helical shape.
  • linear conductor pattern portions 35a and 35b which are parallel to the phantom broken line Q are formed with forming a predetermined interval L1 therebetween.
  • the interval L1 is larger than the interval L2 of the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2 shown in Fig. 6 (L1 > L2).
  • the diaphragm 34 of this structure is fixed to the inner ends of the support member 33, and curved in three places as shown in Fig. 6, whereby the conductor pattern portions 35a and 35b are positioned in a well-balanced manner in the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2, respectively, and the portion of the phantom broken line Q constitutes a peak portion which is separated from the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2 by the same distance.
  • Thin lead wires (not shown) of high conductivity are fused and connected to the both ends Sa and Sb of the conductor pattern 35, respectively, so as to allow an audio signal to be supplied through the lead wires.
  • the whole diaphragm 34 is vibrated in a direction H which is perpendicular to the magnetic fields in the magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2, by two driving forces, or a first driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35a, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG1, and a second driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35b, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG2.
  • a first driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35a, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG1
  • a second driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35b, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG2.
  • the diaphragm 35 is realized by the very simple structure, and hence reduction of the weight, simplification of the production steps, and the like are enabled. Moreover, the frequency characteristics in the high frequency region can be largely improved by the reduction of the weight.
  • the side ends of the diaphragm 35 where the conductor pattern portions 35a and 35b are formed are structured so as to be passed only one time through the magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2, respectively. Therefore, the interval of each of the magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2 can be set to be very small. According to the speaker 25 of the embodiment, namely, the intervals of the magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2 can be made smaller as compared with the first embodiment shown in Fig. 2 in which the polymeric resin film serving as the base material is folded and then inserted into the magnetic gap MG.
  • the diaphragm 34 has a semicylindrical shape as a whole, and is shaped in a well-balanced manner so that unnecessary stress is not partially applied to the diaphragm. Consequently, a speaker of excellent directivity can be realized, and a faithful, distortionless, and clear sound can be reproduced in accordance with an audio signal.
  • the center portion of the diaphragm 34 which is used for generating a reproduced sound is not positioned in the magnetic circuit, but is in an open state. Therefore, it is possible to improve the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics.
  • the embodiment is a high-frequency audio speaker of the structure which has the features of the speakers of the first and second embodiments.
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section view showing the structure of the high-frequency audio speaker of the embodiment.
  • the portions identical or corresponding to those of Figs. 2 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the high-frequency audio speaker 36 comprises: two rectangular parallelepiped magnets 26 and 27; three yokes 28, 29, and 30 which are fixed so as to sandwich the poles of the magnets 26 and 27; a rectangular annular support member 20 which is substantially horizontally placed with respect to convex upper ends (magnetic poles) 31, 28a, 28b, and 32 of the yokes 28, 29, and 30; and a diaphragm 34 which is supported by the support member 20.
  • a magnetic circuit is formed by the magnets 26 and 27 and the yokes 28, 29, and 30.
  • the pole 28a of the yoke 28 and the pole 31 of the yoke 29 are opposedly arranged with forming a predetermined interval therebetween, to form a first magnetic gap MG1, and the pole 28b of the yoke 28 and the pole 32 of the yoke 30 are opposedly arranged with forming a predetermined interval therebetween, to form a second magnetic gap MG2.
  • the diaphragm 34 is disposed in a floating state in a gap 20a of the support member 20, and the first and second magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2.
  • the diaphragm 34 is formed basically by a rectangular polymeric resin film which has relatively high heat resistance, and which is flexible and thin (in the embodiment, the thickness is set to be within a range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m), such as polyimide, or polyester, and has a structure in which a thin conductor pattern portion 35 made of copper, aluminum, or another metal material of high conductivity is formed integrally on the surface of the polymeric resin film by the printing technique.
  • the conductor pattern portion 35 is substantially axisymmetrical with respect to a center portion of the rectangular polymeric resin film (the portion indicated by the phantom broken line Q), and formed into a rectangular and helical shape.
  • the diaphragm is folded in two portions respectively indicated by phantom broken lines Qa and Qb which are separated from the phantom broken line Q by the same distance, whereby, as shown in Fig. 10, a conductor pattern portion 35a on the side of the phantom broken line Qa, and a conductor pattern portion 35b on the side of the phantom broken line Qb are directed to the outside. Furthermore, contacting faces ARa of the polymeric resin film corresponding to the conductor pattern portion 35a are bonded together, and contacting faces ARb of the polymeric resin film corresponding to the conductor pattern portion 35b are bonded together.
  • the diaphragm 34 in which portions 23a and 23b where the conductor pattern portions 35a and 35b have a flat plate-like shape, and an inner vibrating section 34c between the flat plate-like portions 23a and 23b, and outer vibrating sections 34a and 34b outside the flat plate-like portions 23a and 23b are curved with setting the flat plate-like portions 23a and 23b as borders.
  • the outer vibrating sections 34a and 34b are symmetrically fixed to the support member 20.
  • the flat plate-like portion 23a corresponding to the conductor pattern portion 35a is inserted into the first magnetic gap MG1
  • the flat plate-like portion 23b corresponding to the conductor pattern portion 35b is inserted into the second magnetic gap MG2
  • the support member 20 is then positioned and fixed to a case (not shown), thereby obtaining a structure in which, as shown in Fig. 8, the diaphragm 34 is set to a floating state, and the portion of the speaker 36 contributing to electroacoustic conversion is symmetrically structured.
  • the whole diaphragm 34 is vibrated in a direction H which is perpendicular to the magnetic fields in the magnetic gaps MG1 and MG2, by two driving forces, or a first driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35a, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG1, and a second driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35b, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG2.
  • a first driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35a, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG1
  • a second driving force which is generated by an interaction between a change of the magnetic flux in the conductor pattern portion 35b, and the magnetic field in the magnetic gap MG2.
  • the diaphragm 34 has the three portions, i.e., the inner vibrating section 34c and the outer vibrating sections 34a and 34b as described above, the area contributing to sound reproduction can be substantially increased, and hence it is possible to realize a speaker of a high efficiency.
  • the diaphragm 34 can be formed by the simple and light structure, the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics in the high-frequency band can be improved.
  • Fig. 11 shows the directional frequency characteristic of the speaker 36
  • Fig. 12 shows that of the speaker 25
  • Fig. 13 shows that of the speaker 16.
  • the abscissa represents the logarithm of the frequency (logf)
  • the ordinate represents the sound pressure (dB).
  • the directional frequency characteristic indicated by the two-dot chain line shows characteristics at a directivity angle of 0° which were measured with setting a microphone in the direction (on the front axis) H shown in Fig. 2, 6, or 8
  • the directional frequency characteristic indicated by the one-dot chain line shows characteristics at a directivity angle of 15°
  • the directional frequency characteristic indicated by the broken line shows characteristics at a directivity angle of 30°
  • the directional frequency characteristic indicated by the dotted line shows characteristics at a directivity angle of 45°
  • the directional frequency characteristic indicated by the solid line shows characteristics at a directivity angle of 60°.
  • the speaker 36 of the third embodiment has a feature in which the sound pressure in the vicinity of the front (angle of 0° or 15°) is flat as a whole, and the sound pressure in a direction of an angle of 30° or more begins at a relatively low frequency to be lowered.
  • the speaker 25 of the second embodiment has a feature in which dispersion of the sound pressure depending on the sound pressure is not observed, the sound pressure tends to be lowered as a whole as the frequency is higher, but the reduction tendency is relatively small and the directivity is excellent.
  • the sound pressure in the vicinity of the front (angle of 0° or 15°) is flat as a whole, and that at an angle of 30° to 60° elongates to a relatively high frequency (the point T in the figure).
  • the speaker 16 of the first embodiment has characteristics having both the features of the speakers 25 and 36 of the second and third embodiments.
  • the speakers 16, 25, and 36 of the first to third embodiments exert respective characteristic directional frequency characteristics.
  • a desired directional frequency characteristic can be obtained by suitably selectively employing the structures of the speakers.
  • the structures of the speakers are adequately combined with each other, it is possible to obtain a desired directional frequency characteristic.
  • the electroacoustic transducer of the invention comprises a thin diaphragm which is formed into a curved shape, and has a structure in which a thin linear conductor is formed integrally on the surface of the diaphragm, and only a region of the diaphragm where the conductor is formed is inserted into a magnetic gap of a magnetic circuit. Therefore, reduction of the weight of the diaphragm, and improvement of the efficiency of electroacoustic conversion due to the conductor and the magnetic gap can be enabled, so that it is possible to provide an electroacoustic transducer in which characteristics such as the sound pressure characteristics and the frequency characteristics in the high frequency region are excellent, and miniaturization, a high efficiency, and a low production cost can be realized.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Elektroakustischer Wandler (16), der umfasst:
    eine dünne Membran (21), die in einer gekrümmten Form ausgebildet ist;
    einen Magnetkreis (17, 18, 19, MG) mit einem Spalt (MG); und
    einen dünnen linearen Leiter (22), der integral auf einer Oberfläche der Membran ausgebildet ist;
    wobei ein Teil eines Bereiches der Membran, in dem der Leiter ausgebildet ist, in den Spalt des Kreises eingeführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Leiter (22) in Bezug auf eine Achse auf der Membran im Wesentlichen axialsymmetrisch gestaltet ist, und
    die Form des Leitermusters (22a, 22b) auf jeder Seite der Achse im Wesentlichen rechteckig und gewendelt ist.
  2. Elektroakustischer Wandler (16) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Leiter (22) in einem Mittelbereich der Membran (21) ausgebildet ist und ein Abschnitt in Form einer flachen Platte, der durch Biegen und Verbinden des Mittelbereiches ausgebildet wird, in den Spalt (MG) eingeführt ist.
  3. Elektroakustischer Wandler (16) nach Anspruch 1, wobei:
    eine gerade Anzahl von Spalten (MG) vorhanden ist; und
    eine gerade Anzahl von Abschnitten des Leiters (22) jeweils in die gerade Anzahl von Spalten eingeführt ist.
  4. Elektroakustischer Wandler (16) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Leitermuster (22a) auf einer ersten Seite der Achse (Q) entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn ausgebildet ist und wobei das Leitermuster (22b) auf einer zweiten Seite der Achse (Q) im Uhrzeigersinn ausgebildet ist.
  5. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Abschnitt des Leitermusters (22a, 22b) an der Außenseite jedes Rechtecks im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Achse (Q) breiter ist als die Abschnitte (CLa12, CLb12) des Leitermusters an den Seiten jedes Rechtecks im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Achse.
EP20010307079 2000-08-24 2001-08-20 Elektroakustischer Wandler Expired - Lifetime EP1182907B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000253584A JP2002078079A (ja) 2000-08-24 2000-08-24 電気音響変換器
JP2000253584 2000-08-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1182907A2 EP1182907A2 (de) 2002-02-27
EP1182907A3 EP1182907A3 (de) 2003-06-18
EP1182907B1 true EP1182907B1 (de) 2006-02-22

Family

ID=18742655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010307079 Expired - Lifetime EP1182907B1 (de) 2000-08-24 2001-08-20 Elektroakustischer Wandler

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1182907B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2002078079A (de)
CN (1) CN1346230A (de)
DE (1) DE60117346T2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9106988B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2015-08-11 Yamaha Corporation Electroacoustic transducer
US9398376B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2016-07-19 Yamaha Corporation Electroacoustic transducer

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007019623A (ja) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-25 Jr Higashi Nippon Consultants Kk スピーカ
JP4687400B2 (ja) * 2005-11-07 2011-05-25 ソニー株式会社 スピーカ装置
JP4677341B2 (ja) * 2005-12-21 2011-04-27 パイオニア株式会社 スピーカー装置及び携帯電話機
JP4796153B2 (ja) * 2006-12-27 2011-10-19 パイオニア株式会社 振動板及びスピーカー装置
JP5191796B2 (ja) * 2008-05-16 2013-05-08 アルパイン株式会社 スピーカ
CN101511048B (zh) * 2009-03-16 2012-09-05 歌尔声学股份有限公司 具有新型振动系统的电声转换器及其振动系统的制造方法
CN102256195A (zh) * 2010-09-01 2011-11-23 歌尔声学股份有限公司 一种动圈式电声转换器
HU229608B1 (en) * 2011-10-04 2014-03-28 Zoltan Bay Loudspeaker
JP2015233272A (ja) * 2014-05-14 2015-12-24 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
JP6435662B2 (ja) * 2014-06-27 2018-12-12 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
JP6394158B2 (ja) * 2014-08-01 2018-09-26 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
WO2016052022A1 (ja) * 2014-09-29 2016-04-07 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
JP6123838B2 (ja) * 2014-09-29 2017-05-10 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
WO2016110991A1 (ja) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
WO2016110992A1 (ja) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 ヤマハ株式会社 電気音響変換器
CN110087171A (zh) * 2018-01-25 2019-08-02 张侠辅 覆盖基体的3d振膜扬声器
JP7455659B2 (ja) * 2020-05-21 2024-03-26 アルプスアルパイン株式会社 スピーカ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4276449A (en) * 1978-06-01 1981-06-30 Tadashi Sawafuji Speaker or microphone having corrugated diaphragm with conductors thereon
JPS58207794A (ja) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-03 Seiichi Sato 電磁音響変換器
AU5685894A (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-07-04 Linaeum Corporation Audio transducer with flexible foam enclosure
HU219999B (hu) * 1999-01-13 2001-10-28 Ferenc Rónaszéki Szélessávú szalaghangszóró

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9106988B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2015-08-11 Yamaha Corporation Electroacoustic transducer
US9398376B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2016-07-19 Yamaha Corporation Electroacoustic transducer
US9560453B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2017-01-31 Yamaha Corporation Electroacoustic transducer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1182907A3 (de) 2003-06-18
EP1182907A2 (de) 2002-02-27
CN1346230A (zh) 2002-04-24
JP2002078079A (ja) 2002-03-15
DE60117346D1 (de) 2006-04-27
DE60117346T2 (de) 2006-10-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1182907B1 (de) Elektroakustischer Wandler
US20210392429A1 (en) Multi-range speaker containing multiple diaphragms
JP3192372B2 (ja) 薄型電磁変換器
EP1282337B1 (de) Elektroakustischer Wandler
US4723296A (en) Electrodynamic transducer of the isophase or ribbon type
EP1686832B1 (de) Elektroakusticher Wandler
KR20030079966A (ko) 이차 자기 구조를 갖는 평면 자기 스피커
US7020301B2 (en) Loudspeaker
JP2981360B2 (ja) スピーカ構造
US6956953B2 (en) Electroacoustic transducer with field replaceable diaphragm carrying two interlaced coils, without manipulating any wires
JPS59169300A (ja) リボン型電気音響変換器
EP0077228A2 (de) Elektroakustischer Wandler
US20060023912A1 (en) Electroacoustic transducer with field replaceable diaphragm carrying two interlaced coils, without manipulating any wires
JP3820717B2 (ja) スピーカ
JP3888443B2 (ja) フィルム状コイルを用いた電気音響変換器
GB2123651A (en) Transducers
US20040042632A1 (en) Directivity control of electro-dynamic loudspeakers
JP3809917B2 (ja) 圧電型スピーカ
JP2002084595A (ja) スピーカ
EP4436208A1 (de) Membran und lautsprechervorrichtung
JP2000350284A (ja) スピーカ
JP3510827B2 (ja) 高音用スピーカ
TWM650907U (zh) 絲帶型揚聲器
CN115996347A (zh) 平面扬声器及耳机
JPS5837196Y2 (ja) 動電型スピ−カ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: 7H 04R 31/00 A

Ipc: 7H 04R 9/04 B

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20031209

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20040116

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60117346

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20060427

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20061123

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20070816

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20070815

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20070808

Year of fee payment: 7

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20080820

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20090430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090303

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080820