EP1173393B1 - Verfahren zur erzeugung eines im infraroten spektralbereich einseitig transparenten tarnnebels - Google Patents
Verfahren zur erzeugung eines im infraroten spektralbereich einseitig transparenten tarnnebels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173393B1 EP1173393B1 EP00901069A EP00901069A EP1173393B1 EP 1173393 B1 EP1173393 B1 EP 1173393B1 EP 00901069 A EP00901069 A EP 00901069A EP 00901069 A EP00901069 A EP 00901069A EP 1173393 B1 EP1173393 B1 EP 1173393B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- smoke
- aerosol
- pyrotechnic
- radiation
- size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 241000475481 Nebula Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for generating an im infrared spectral range one-sided transparent camouflage fog, which in the visible area is opaque, being applied in an aerosol Scattering particles of a suitable size by means of infrared radiation be acted on, so that a strongly pronounced on the scattering particles Forward scatter results.
- the aerosol itself consists of one in the visible Highly absorbing area known camouflage fog.
- camouflage fog provides very good protection in both the visual and give in the infrared spectral range, they have the disadvantage that during the time the fog is impenetrable (typically around 20-60 Seconds) not only the fog generator, but also the opponent's position can change, so that not only the opponent for a subsequent mission own, but you yourself also determine the position of the opponent again got to.
- the mist dispenser would therefore have a significant tactical advantage if he own his own during the effective phase of the artificial fog Camouflage actions, but at the same time track the actions of the opponent and can react to it.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a transparent on one side To develop camouflage mist.
- the known camouflage fog usually consist of aerosols of solid or liquid particles, the size of each particle in the order of magnitude the wavelength of the radiation to be attenuated, so that it becomes a Scattering and absorption of light are suitable.
- a one-way permeable screen is thereby achieves that one consists of a transparent artificial fog from aerosol particles or gases by irradiation with electromagnetic Radiation of the appropriate wavelength lights up (Fluorescence, Raman scattering, diffuse reflection). Because this lighting up isotropic effect, i.e. also takes place on the side of the mist dispenser a pulsed radiation source is used, the pulse frequency of the duration the emission effects are adjusted.
- the detector is used by the user of the fog during the Irradiation time switched off, so that only electromagnetic radiation in the Irradiation breaks are detected.
- the radiation frequency is typical so high that the enemy sees a constantly emitting cloud of fog.
- the pulse train of the Radiation source modulated by an algorithm unknown to the opponent.
- the disadvantages of this method are the one for the complex, expensive and susceptible excitation and detection methods necessary devices and on the other hand, the toxicological requirements for radiation excitation questionable fluorescent substances in the cloud of fog.
- the invention solves the problems described above by using an infrared Spectral range one-sided transparent fog with the features of the main claim is produced.
- the solution is given by those described in the subclaims Funded.
- the dispenser of this fog succeeds in the detection during the active phase of the opponent using suitable electronic tools (IR camera), while the opponent by outshining the LOS (Line of sight) the view both in visual as well as in the infrared spectral range.
- IR camera IR camera
- LOS Line of sight
- This two-component nebula comes with a IR radiation source irradiated from the side of the mist dispenser.
- FIG. 1 A schematic representation of the configuration can be seen in FIG .
- the visual spectral range is covered by the first fog component 6.
- Irradiation with electromagnetic waves in the IR range which is provided either by a powerful lamp with appropriate filters or by means of a pyrotechnic radiator 2, causes the forward scattering 7 of the IR radiation in the second fog component, the scattered particles 5, to be characteristic Direction of the opponent 9, while the backscattered portion of the IR radiation 10 remains negligibly small.
- the resulting radiation in the direction of the opponent 9 prevents observation the mist dispenser 1 by means of an IR camera 8 (typical Detection wavelengths: 8.0 - 14.0 ⁇ m) while using the IR camera of the mist dispenser 3 observation of the opponent 9 is possible without problems.
- an IR camera 8 typically Detection wavelengths: 8.0 - 14.0 ⁇ m
- ⁇ 10.0 ⁇ m was chosen as the reference wavelength.
- the quartz particle is located in the center of the polar diagram in FIG . 2 .
- the incident electromagnetic wave is scattered coming from the 180 ° direction.
- the phase function P is plotted, which is the arithmetic mean of the scattered light intensity l 1 of the wave polarized perpendicular to the scattering plane and the scattered light intensity l 2 of the wave polarized parallel to the scattering plane. You can see the extremely pronounced forward scatter and the negligible intensity of the lateral or backward scattered parts.
- Scattering particles with a radius of 5 - 50 ⁇ m, i.e. with a size of 10 - 100 ⁇ m, are therefore particularly suitable for such anisotropic scattering of IR light. Since only the size of the spread is important, not the chemical composition, solid particles were used which are not toxic or are irritating to the respiratory tract and are environmentally friendly. Quartz or glass powder, organic or inorganic salts are particularly suitable.
- the aerosol particles In order to determine the scattering effect of the IR radiation on the fog component 1, i.e. the aerosol particles to demonstrate the data of a typical aerosol particle a mist that is only effective in the VIS area, consisting of red Phosphorus, potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride used for scattered light analysis. After burning, these form fine droplets with the air humidity absorb the VIS light.
- Figure 3 shows the corresponding radiation diagram. It is an almost isotropic one Intensity distribution before.
- the intensity of the scattered electromagnetic wave is two orders of magnitude smaller than the quartz particle, i.e. with radiation with an IR light source, there will be no one- or two-sided cross-fading.
- the quartz particle thus generates an efficient and highly directed scattered radiation of the incident electromagnetic wave in the direction of the opponent.
- l t (r) represents the intensity of the target at a distance r
- l b (r) represents the intensity of the background at a distance r.
- the contrast threshold c crit. in which the target object can no longer be distinguished from the background in the thermal imager is typically 0.35, the contrast without attenuation is 1.35. As can be seen, the contrast drops at a ratio of l p / l b (0) ⁇ 2 below the threshold value of 0.35, ie the target object can then no longer be detected by the thermal imaging device. With the help of Mie theory, the proportion of the radiation scattered forward by the scattered particles can be calculated.
- the intensity of the IR radiation source of the mist dispenser must be around the factor 30, for security reasons by 30 - 100, be greater than the intensity of the background in order to fall below the contrast threshold.
- the intensity of the IR radiation source of the mist dispenser must be in this Wavelength range of a power of at least 1200 - 4000 W m -2 sr -1 so that the contrast in the thermal image of the opponent falls below the contrast threshold and therefore no detection of the target object is possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
Wie zu erkennen ist, sinkt der Kontrast bei einem Verhältnis von lp/lb(0) ≥ 2 unter den Schwellwert von 0.35, d. h. dann ist das Zielobjekt vom Wärmebildgerät nicht mehr detektierbar.
Mit Hilfe der Mie-Theorie läßt sich der Anteil der nach vorne gestreuten Strahlung durch die ausgebrachten Streuteilchen berechnen. Bei den oben angegebenen Verhältnissen, einer Konzentration der Streuteilchen von 0.3 g/m3, einer Wellenlänge von λ=10 µm und der Annahme, daß lp durch die Vorwärtsstreuung der Streuteilchen gegeben ist, muß die Intensität der IR-Strahlungungsquelle des Nebelausbringers etwa um den Faktor 30, aus Sicherheitsgründen um 30 - 100, größer als die Intensität des Hintergrunds sein, um die Kontrastschwelle zu unterschreiten. Setzt man für die Strahlungsintensität des Hintergrunds lb im Wellenlängenbereich von 8,0 - 14,0 µm und einer Umgebungstemperatur von 293 K einen Wert von 40 W m-2 sr-1 an, muß die Intensität der IR-Strahlungungsquelle des Nebelausbringers in diesem Wellenlängenbereich eine Leistung von mindestens 1200 - 4000 W m-2 sr-1 erreichen, damit der Kontrast im Wärmebild des Gegners unter die Kontrastschwelle fällt und somit keine Detektion des Zielobjekts mehr möglich ist.
- 1
- Nebelausbringer
- 2
- IR-Strahlungsquelle
- 3
- IR-Kamera des Nebelausbringers
- 4
- Nebelwurfkörper
- 5
- Größenangepasstes Streuteilchen
- 6
- Im VIS-Bereich wirkende Nebelkomponente
- 7
- Vorwärtsstreuung der elektromagnetischen Welle
- 8
- IR-Kamera des Gegners
- 9
- Gegner
- 10
- Rückwärtsstreuung der elektromagnetischen Welle
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines im infraroten Spektralbereich einseitig transparenten Tarnnebels, welcher im sichtbaren Bereich undurchsichtig ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mana. einen an sich bekannten, pyrotechnischen, im visuellen Spektralbereich stark absorbierenden Tarnnebel in Form eines Aerosols ausbringt undb. darin gleichzeitig pyrotechnisch Streuteilchen ausbringt, deren Größe 10 - 100 µm beträgt undc. der Zweikomponenten-Nebel von der Seite des Nebelausbringers mit einer IR-Strahlungsquelle bestrahlt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der IR-Strahlungsquelle entweder um einen pyrotechnischen Strahler oder um eine leistungsstarke Lampe, die gegebenenfalls mit entsprechenden Filtern ausgestattet ist, handelt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Teilchengrößen und damit die Größenparameter x der ausgebrachten Streuteilchen so gewählt werden, daß der Effekt der stark ausgeprägten Vorwärtsstreuung entweder für den gesamten IR-Bereich oder ausgewählte Teilbereiche innerhalb dieses Wellenlängenbereiches bei der in Anspruch 1 und 2 beschriebenen IR-Bestrahlung der Streuteilchen gegeben ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das im visuellen Spektralbereich undurchdringliche Aerosol durch eine pyrotechnische Wirkmasse auf Basis von Ammoniumchlorid, Kaliumnitrat und Lactose erzeugt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ausgebrachten Streuteilchen Quarz-Partikel mit einer Größe von 20 - 50 µm sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914033 | 1999-03-27 | ||
DE19914033A DE19914033A1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 1999-03-27 | Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines im infraroten Spektralbereich einseitig transparenten Tarnnebels |
PCT/EP2000/000062 WO2000058239A1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 2000-01-07 | Verfahren zur erzeugung eines im infraroten spektralbereich einseitig transparenten tarnnebels |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1173393A1 EP1173393A1 (de) | 2002-01-23 |
EP1173393B1 true EP1173393B1 (de) | 2004-03-17 |
Family
ID=7902698
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00901069A Expired - Lifetime EP1173393B1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 2000-01-07 | Verfahren zur erzeugung eines im infraroten spektralbereich einseitig transparenten tarnnebels |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6484640B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1173393B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002540059A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE261920T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19914033A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1173393T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2216851T3 (de) |
IL (2) | IL145010A0 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1173393E (de) |
TR (1) | TR200102721T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000058239A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6989525B2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-01-24 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method for using very small particles as obscurants and taggants |
DE102005020159B4 (de) * | 2005-04-29 | 2007-10-04 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Tarn- und Täuschmunition zum Schutz von Objekten gegen Lenkflugkörper |
DE102006008309B4 (de) * | 2006-02-23 | 2008-03-27 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Nebelwurfkörper |
DE102011106201A1 (de) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines einseitig transparenten Nebels |
EP2612101B1 (de) | 2010-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur erzeugung einer wirksamen nebelwand bzw. nebelwolke |
US9032878B1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-05-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Obscurant generating, ground-based, networked munition |
US10415941B2 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2019-09-17 | The Boeing Company | System for visual obscuration of an object and dissipating energy of a laser weapon |
US10926273B2 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-02-23 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Systems and methods for modifying an infrared signature of a vehicle |
WO2024159489A1 (zh) * | 2023-02-02 | 2024-08-08 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 一种真空中干扰烟幕红外透过率复合检测装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (24)
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US5679921A (en) * | 1958-08-27 | 1997-10-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Infra-red tracking flare |
US3690971A (en) * | 1970-08-11 | 1972-09-12 | North American Rockwell | Pyrotechnic composition for colored smoke production |
DE2729055B2 (de) | 1977-06-28 | 1979-07-12 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Juergen Diederichs Kg, 2077 Trittau | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von dichten Wolken für militärische Zwecke |
SE418495B (sv) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-09 | Lennart Holm | Anvendning av partiklar av aktivt kol i aerosoler avsedda for stralningsabsorption serskilt inom ir-omradet |
DE3238444C2 (de) | 1982-10-16 | 1986-10-30 | Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG, 6719 Göllheim | Pyrotechnische Nebelsätze |
DD301646A7 (de) | 1983-10-11 | 1993-05-19 | Paulmann | Gemisch zur Erzeugung von kombiniertem Signal- und Tarnnebel |
DD301407A7 (de) | 1983-11-08 | 1992-12-24 | Paulmann | Gemisch zur Erzeugung von Tarnnebeln, vorzugsweise für den Ir-Bereich |
DE3421708A1 (de) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-12 | Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke GmbH & Co, 7347 Bad Überkingen | Einrichtung zur erzeugung einer scheinzielwolke, insbesondere einer infrarot-scheinzielwolke |
US4704967A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-10 | Aai Corporation | Method of assembly of compacted particulates and explosive charge |
US4704966A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-10 | Aai Corporation | Method of forming IR smoke screen |
DD300935A7 (de) | 1987-11-26 | 1992-09-10 | Schwarzheide Synthesewerk Veb | Verfahren zur erzeugung von tarnmitteln |
DE3918231A1 (de) * | 1989-06-03 | 1990-12-06 | Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zum erzeugen von im infraroten und sichtbaren licht deckenden nebeln |
US5025729A (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1991-06-25 | Cameron Robert W | Aerial distress flare |
US5317163A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1994-05-31 | Dornier Gmbh | Flying decoy |
DE4030430C1 (de) | 1990-09-26 | 1993-12-02 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | IR-undurchlässigen Nebel erzeugende Zusammensetzung |
US5148173A (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1992-09-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Millimeter wave screening cloud and method |
EP0708749B1 (de) * | 1992-07-15 | 2000-08-09 | Cordant Technologies Inc. | Giessfähige infrarot-beleuchtungszusammensetzungen |
DE4230826C1 (de) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-03 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | Tarnverfahren zum Schützen eines militärischen Objekts und Tarnpartikel zu seiner Durchführung |
DE4337071C1 (de) | 1993-10-29 | 1995-03-02 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Pyrotechnischer Nebelsatz für Tarnzwecke und dessen Verwendung in einem Nebelkörper |
US5587552A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1996-12-24 | Thiokol Corporation | Infrared illuminating composition |
GB2299990A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-23 | Secr Defence | Pyrotechnic material |
DE19601506C2 (de) | 1996-01-17 | 2000-05-18 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Sichtsperre mit Hilfe eines künstlichen Nebels |
US5682010A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 1997-10-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for creating a one way visible screening smoke |
US6047644A (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 2000-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Propellant based aerosol generating device and method of use |
-
1999
- 1999-03-27 DE DE19914033A patent/DE19914033A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-01-07 WO PCT/EP2000/000062 patent/WO2000058239A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-07 ES ES00901069T patent/ES2216851T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-07 IL IL14501000A patent/IL145010A0/xx active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-07 PT PT00901069T patent/PT1173393E/pt unknown
- 2000-01-07 TR TR2001/02721T patent/TR200102721T2/xx unknown
- 2000-01-07 US US09/937,615 patent/US6484640B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-07 DK DK00901069T patent/DK1173393T3/da active
- 2000-01-07 DE DE50005690T patent/DE50005690D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-07 AT AT00901069T patent/ATE261920T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-07 EP EP00901069A patent/EP1173393B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-07 JP JP2000607946A patent/JP2002540059A/ja active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-08-21 IL IL145010A patent/IL145010A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE261920T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
TR200102721T2 (tr) | 2002-01-21 |
JP2002540059A (ja) | 2002-11-26 |
WO2000058239A1 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
DE19914033A1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
IL145010A0 (en) | 2002-06-30 |
IL145010A (en) | 2006-12-31 |
ES2216851T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
DE50005690D1 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
PT1173393E (pt) | 2004-08-31 |
DK1173393T3 (da) | 2004-08-02 |
EP1173393A1 (de) | 2002-01-23 |
US6484640B1 (en) | 2002-11-26 |
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