EP1171786B1 - Optische ader - Google Patents
Optische ader Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1171786B1 EP1171786B1 EP00917020A EP00917020A EP1171786B1 EP 1171786 B1 EP1171786 B1 EP 1171786B1 EP 00917020 A EP00917020 A EP 00917020A EP 00917020 A EP00917020 A EP 00917020A EP 1171786 B1 EP1171786 B1 EP 1171786B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical fibre
- polyamide
- cladding
- optical
- lwl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/045—Light guides
- G02B1/048—Light guides characterised by the cladding material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to optical wires with a fiber core and one single-layer or multi-layer fiber optic plastic fiber optic (hereinafter referred to as K-LWL) and at least one of the K-LWL enclosing protective cover.
- the fiber jacket or at least its outer layer can consist of a fluorine-containing plastic.
- For the protective wrapping of the Fiber core can be used polyamide.
- Plastic optical fibers come in the area of telecommunications as accidents and easy-to-use optical transmission element everywhere there Commitment. where the distance between the transmitter and receiver unit is only a few meters is a maximum of 100-150 m. Also in the areas of traffic engineering / vehicle construction (data and signal transmission in motor vehicles. Aircraft. Ships etc.), Lighting (variable message signs), automation technology (machine control) and sensor technology are becoming more and more important (wire 46 (1995) 4, pages 187-190).
- the protective cover Iner diameter exceptb wire ⁇ 1.5-2.2 mm
- the protective sleeve applied by means of an extruder can consist of polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyamide (PA) ,
- polyamides are used as protective cover material, since it meets the local requirements regarding mechanical strength (tensile strength. Transverse compressive strength), the maximum operating temperature and the chemical Stability met.
- mechanical strength tensile strength. Transverse compressive strength
- the poor adhesion of the polyamide protective cover causes problems on a K-LWL
- the fiber jacket of a fluorine-containing polymer consists.
- the only weak adhesive fit of the protective cover is particularly disadvantageous if the optical core (K-LWL plus protective cover) in a large Environment subject to temperature fluctuations (passenger compartment of a motor vehicle) is misplaced and the K-LWL due to its different Thermal expansion behavior and the poor adhesion of the polyamide on the Fluoropolymer moved relative to the protective cover.
- the distance of the end face of the K-LWL to the transmitting and receiving elements may be enlarged to such an extent that impermissibly high, possibly intensity losses leading to the failure of the data transmission link occur.
- the K-LWL moves too far out of the protective cover.
- Plugs, couplers or brackets are used that have large clamping or crimping forces Exercise the protective cover and thus increase the friction between the protective cover and the optical fiber.
- fiber cladding results in increased signal attenuation.
- Stripping the protective layer in the connector prevents "pistoning" however, there is a risk of improper use of the fiber jacket during assembly Damage to the handling of the demounting tool equipped with a pair of knives.
- the clamping or crimping forces exerted by the connector on the optical wire can be also through a form-fitting anchoring of the K-LWL in a cone-shaped Reduce the hole in the connector housing. So it was suggested the face of the To melt the K-LWL with the help of a hot plate, the resulting bulge in to press the tapered plug hole and the K-LWL so firmly in Anchor the connector housing. In the melted and thus deformed area may give way to the geometry of the K-LWL. enabling significant of total reflection Cylinder geometry from, so that increased intensity losses occur in the connector housing.
- EP 0 649 738 A1 describes that a non-positive connection made of polyamide and polyvinylidene fluoride can be prepared by the polyamide Polyglutarimide admixed.
- polyamide Polyglutarimide admixed For example, through a one-step extrusion process Two-layer composite made of a polyamide and a polyvinylidene fluoride Three-layer composite made of a polyamide, an adhesive layer made of one Polyamide-polyglutarimide blend and a polyvinylidene fluoride can be produced.
- Polyglutarimides are also known as polymethacrylimides (PMMI).
- the protective cover that is directly lies on the fiber jacket, is applied at the lowest possible temperature.
- the Glass transition temperatures of the fluorine-containing polymers of the fiber jacket are in the Proximity to that of the fiber core material (PMMA; 106 ° C), i.e. between 80 and 120 ° C.
- the fiber cladding is only approx. 10 ⁇ m thick, its optical properties are precisely adjusted and can easily be affected by thermal or chemical influences be influenced or changed. Therefore, the materials of the protective cover the lowest possible melting temperature extruded.
- EP 0 767 190 A1 describes the use of polyamide adhesion promoters for Manufacture of multilayer polymer or piping, i.e. Gasoline or coolant lines for the automotive industry.
- the polyamides used here are usually not low viscosity. Furthermore, there are no optical properties Shifts required.
- the polyamides described in EP 0 767 190 A1 have an amino end group excess.
- the inventor of the present Registration carried out K-LWL extrusion experiments with the in the Adhesion promoters described in EP 0 767 190 A1 did become acceptable extrusion temperatures reached so that the optical fiber was not thermally damaged. at the subsequent heat storage (80 ° C, 24 hours) colored the outside Layer of fiber, i.e. the coat, brown.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of having an optical wire low relative movement even with large temperature fluctuations.
- the molding compound forming the protective cover should adhere well to the fiber jacket and this do not attack chemically. It should also be ensured that the transmission behavior and the damping properties of the optical wire largely not that of the correspond to the K-LWL coated with the molding compound.
- the present invention therefore relates to an optical wire 1 with one Fiber core 2 and a single or multi-layer fiber jacket 3 having Plastic optical fiber (K-LWL) 2, 3 and at least one K-LWL 2, 3 enclosing protective cover 4.
- the fiber jacket 3 or at least its outer cover made of a fluorine-containing plastic and the protective cover 4 consist essentially of Polyamides (PA), preferably made of PA 11, PA 12, PA 610, PA 612, PA 1212 or the Copolyamides PA 6/12, PA 6/9/6, PA 6/9/12, PA 610/6, PA 610/11.
- PA Polyamides
- the carboxyl end group concentration of the polyamide used is a maximum of 15 ⁇ Eq / g and the amino end group concentration lies in the range between 50 ⁇ Eq / g and 300 ⁇ Eq / g.
- This optical wire according to claim 1 meets the above requirements.
- the polyamides used according to the invention are low-viscosity so that they are as possible lower melting temperature can be extruded.
- the Polyamides according to the invention have a viscosity of less than 2.0, in particular less than 1.8 and particularly preferably from 1.4 to 1.8 (relative viscosity measured 0.5% in m-cresol) on. This increases the quality of the workmanship. It showed up in Try (see below) that a temperature test (80 ° C, 24 Hours) no discoloration of the outer layer of the fiber, i.e. of the coat and thus no impairment of the optical properties of the fiber resulted.
- the optical core 1 shown only schematically in FIG. 1 and not to scale in cross section is used in particular as a transmission element for the trouble-free transmission of data and signals within the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
- fluorine-containing polymers can be pure polymers, copolymers containing fluorine Monomers and copolymers of fluorine-containing monomers with acrylic acid or acrylates as well as mixtures of such polymers or copolymers.
- the molding compound 4 enveloping the K-LWL by co- or tandem extrusion protects the sensitive K-LWL 2/3 from external influences.
- the serving as a protective cover and particularly well on the fluorine-containing polymer of Fiber jacket 3 adhesive molding compound 4 consists of a modified PA. whose Carboxyl end group concentration is a maximum of 15 ⁇ Eq / g and its amino end group concentration is in the range between 50-300 ⁇ Eq / g.
- the said Amino end group concentration is set by an amine regulator, the the PA which has not yet polymerized is added (polymerization of the chain regulator).
- Suitable chain regulators are e.g.
- Suitable polyamides for the purposes of the invention are homo- and copolyamides which are at sufficiently low temperatures, i.e. at a maximum of 220 ° C Do not damage the jacket and fiber core of the K-LWL. It is according to the invention essential that the polyamides used have a relative viscosity of less than 2.0, in particular below 1.8 and very particularly preferably in the range from 1.4-1.8 have (relative viscosity measured 0.5% in m-cresol at 20 ° C).
- Such polyamides can also be polyamide-forming monomers such as e.g. caprolactam, Laurolactam. Aminocaproic acid, aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanedioic acid, dimer acid, Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, tert-butyl isophthalic acid, phenylindane dicarboxylic acid, diaminobutane, hexamethylene diamine.
- polyamide-forming monomers such as e.g. caprolactam, Laurolactam.
- Aminocaproic acid aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanedioic acid, dimer acid, Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, tert-butyl isophthalic acid, phenylindane di
- these include in particular PA 11, PA 12, PA 610, PA 612, PA 1212 or the copolyamides PA 6/12, PA 6/9/6, PA 6/9/12, PA 610/6, PA 610/11, PA 610/12, PA 612/6, PA 612/11, PA 612/12, or their Mixtures, with PA 12 being particularly preferred.
- the polyamides constructed in this way can also contain the usual additives such as UV and Heat stabilizers, crystallization accelerators, plasticizers, flame retardants, Lubricants and inorganic fillers can be added.
- additives such as UV and Heat stabilizers, crystallization accelerators, plasticizers, flame retardants, Lubricants and inorganic fillers can be added.
- PA 12 types listed in the table were subjected to the test.
- Viscosity 0.5% in m-cresol 20 ° C PA No. 1 10 95 1.65 PA not according to the invention
- PA No. 2 95 ⁇ 15 1.66
- PA No. 3 134 ⁇ 5 1:58
- PA No. 4 173 ⁇ 5 1:47 PA according to the invention
- the tensile force required for stripping a protective cover consisting of PA No. 1 was at least about 11 N (no adhesive seat), typically 40-50 N, due to the fact that the protective seat had a very different adhesive seat on the respective K-LWL and was a maximum of 51 N.
- the measured stripping forces for wires with PA protective sleeves according to the invention varied significantly less with values between 68-75 N.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914743A DE19914743A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Optische Ader |
DE19914743 | 1999-03-31 | ||
PCT/EP2000/002831 WO2000060382A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optische ader |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1171786A1 EP1171786A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
EP1171786B1 true EP1171786B1 (de) | 2002-09-18 |
Family
ID=7903169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00917020A Expired - Lifetime EP1171786B1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optische ader |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6842574B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1171786B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4540234B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU3816100A (ja) |
DE (2) | DE19914743A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000060382A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3945103B1 (fr) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-11-23 | Arkema France | Polyamide pour une application textile |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10228439A1 (de) | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-22 | Degussa Ag | Kunststoff-Lichtwellenleiter |
KR100433905B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-26 | 2004-06-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 플라스틱 광섬유 및 그 제조방법 |
US20050136205A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-23 | Georg Stoppelmann | Thermoplastic multilayer composite |
DE102004022963A1 (de) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-12-08 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Thermoplastische Polyamid-Formmassen |
DE102004045775B4 (de) * | 2004-09-21 | 2009-01-08 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Verwendung von stabilisierten, thermoplastischen Polyamid-Formmassen als Beschichtung von Lichtwellenleitern |
KR101016082B1 (ko) * | 2005-05-09 | 2011-02-17 | 미츠비시 레이온 가부시키가이샤 | 플라스틱 광섬유 케이블 |
JP2008003203A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Oki Electric Cable Co Ltd | Hpcf型難燃耐熱光ファイバ心線及びその光ファイバコード。 |
DE102009016834A1 (de) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh | Optische Festader |
US8628253B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2014-01-14 | Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Optical connector that compensates for longitudinal shifting of optial fiber core relative to a housing of the connector, and a method |
US20140084498A1 (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2014-03-27 | Kuo-Ching Chiang | Lens with filter and method of manufacturing thereof |
US20240045105A1 (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2024-02-08 | Zeus Company Inc. | Polymer optical fiber |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59116702A (ja) * | 1982-12-24 | 1984-07-05 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 光伝送性繊維 |
JPH0679095B2 (ja) | 1986-04-03 | 1994-10-05 | 旭硝子株式会社 | プラスチツククラツド光伝送フアイバ− |
CH669678A5 (ja) | 1986-11-17 | 1989-03-31 | Inventa Ag | |
JP2938951B2 (ja) | 1990-09-19 | 1999-08-25 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバコードおよびこれを用いたコードユニット |
JPH0572424A (ja) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-03-26 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
DE4336291A1 (de) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-27 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Thermoplastische Mehrschichtverbunde |
US6153677A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 2000-11-28 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Flame-retardant thermoplastic polyamide molding composition and article molded therefrom |
DE4408277A1 (de) | 1994-03-11 | 1995-09-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Polyamid-Schmelzklebstoff |
DE19537003A1 (de) * | 1995-10-04 | 1997-04-10 | Inventa Ag | Haftvermittler auf Polyamidbasis |
JP3727390B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-04 | 2005-12-14 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | 高速プラスチック光ファイバ |
JPH10160947A (ja) | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-19 | Toray Ind Inc | 広帯域プラスチッククラッド光ファイバ |
JP3756625B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 2006-03-15 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバケーブル |
JPH10316849A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
FR2764994B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-08-06 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Conducteur optique et ruban de conducteurs optiques |
JP2001515223A (ja) * | 1997-08-29 | 2001-09-18 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 多層保護被覆を有する高分子光ファイバー |
-
1999
- 1999-03-31 DE DE19914743A patent/DE19914743A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-30 DE DE50000538T patent/DE50000538D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 US US09/937,817 patent/US6842574B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 WO PCT/EP2000/002831 patent/WO2000060382A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-30 AU AU38161/00A patent/AU3816100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-30 EP EP00917020A patent/EP1171786B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 JP JP2000609817A patent/JP4540234B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3945103B1 (fr) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-11-23 | Arkema France | Polyamide pour une application textile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002541503A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
AU3816100A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
US6842574B1 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
DE19914743A1 (de) | 2001-01-25 |
WO2000060382A1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
JP4540234B2 (ja) | 2010-09-08 |
DE50000538D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
EP1171786A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1376156B2 (de) | Kunststoff-Lichtwellenleiter | |
EP1171786B1 (de) | Optische ader | |
AU2016100980A4 (en) | Fibre optic cable with a flame-retardant film | |
WO2006032465A1 (de) | Verwendung von stabilisierten, thermoplastischen polyamid-formmassen als beschichtung von lichtwellenleitern | |
DE3142156C2 (de) | Optische Ader mit einem Kern aus einer oder mehreren optischen Kunststoffasern und einer Kunststoffhülle sowie daraus hergestellter Lichtleitkörper und daraus hergestelltes optisches Kabel | |
DE69711837T2 (de) | Optische Faser mit Pufferschicht | |
DE3002363A1 (de) | Glasfaser | |
EP0874262A2 (de) | Optisches Kabel und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines optischen Kabels | |
WO2013045583A1 (de) | Ummantelter lichtleiter und verfahren zu dessen herstellung | |
EP0627092A1 (de) | Lichtleitfaser. | |
DE3724997C2 (ja) | ||
EP1456704A2 (de) | Optische festader und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
DE69935637T2 (de) | Faseroptische Spleiß-Schutzvorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Anwendung | |
DE112004000834T5 (de) | Mit Fluorharz beschichteter Film und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
DE2641140A1 (de) | Lichtleiterfaser und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
DE2947942C2 (de) | Faser für optische Übertragungen | |
DE19823486A1 (de) | Lichtleiterkabel | |
EP1970487B1 (de) | Seilbahn-Tragseil | |
DE2914555A1 (de) | Faser fuer optische uebertragungen | |
JPH10319281A (ja) | プラスチック光ファイバケーブル | |
CN216870886U (zh) | 拖链光缆 | |
AT508525B1 (de) | Seil und verfahren zum herstellen des seiles | |
DE19705920C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ummantelten Glasbündeln | |
DE102014110600A1 (de) | Lichtwellenleiterkabel, Wickel, Fahrzeug und Fahrzeugkombination | |
DE10106379A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kabelvergusses sowie danach hergestellter Verguß |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010924 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SCHMIDT, ILONA Inventor name: SCHAEFER, JOACHIM Inventor name: THULLEN, HELMUT Inventor name: EICHHORN, VOLKER C/O EMS FAR EASTERN LTD. Inventor name: STOEPPELMANN, GEORG Inventor name: WUTKE, THOMAS Inventor name: HORN, HANS-MATTHIAS |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020211 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50000538 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20021024 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20021031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D Ref document number: 1171786E Country of ref document: IE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030619 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20040227 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050330 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20051001 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20051001 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20160321 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20160321 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20160330 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50000538 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20170330 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20171130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170331 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20171003 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170330 |