EP1129922A2 - Method for controlling the gravity shunting from a slope of a marshalling yard of the wagons of a railway train to be segregated. - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves distributing the wagons onto different destination tracks from the distribution zone using successive separation points. Control of the release signal (12) for the removal and the points for the track is carried out so as to exclude damaging shunting shocks by driving the next removal unit (7) into the previous wagon (2) and depending on the dynamic characteristics of the preceding and/or following unit.

Description

The invention relates to a method for controlling the sequence of the cars disassembling railway train from a drain mountain of a marshalling yard the preamble of claim 1.

Such known system are used to distribute the wagons of a train to others Trains. The routes of the running wagons (processes) on different Target tracks are to be collected and put together to form trains specified by switches (separating switches) and differentiated from one another. A push-off locomotive moves the train to be dismantled (the dismantling unit) low speed to the drain mountain. When displaying the trigger signal with z. B. white light (release), the approach of the disassembly unit goes into the push-off process about. The first wagon on the mountain is uncoupled and over the Hilltop pressed. On the slope behind the hilltop is the one that runs Waggon (sequence, forerunner, follower) accelerated and the trigger signal through Driving on contacts (mountain contacts) set to red.

The release for the next process (follow-up) is activated by switching the trigger signal on z. B. Displayed in white. So far, this switchover has only taken place when the first process (forerunner) has reached its target track and the the route of the Follower-defining switches have circulated. This way, between a safety margin is maintained on successive processes, which ensures that the wagon following the forerunner, which will soon be pulled off (Follower) did not collide with the forerunner or with a rotating switch. The blocking length in the known methods is the length between the drain mountain or the waiting trailer and the exit of the separating switch predefined which of the forerunners to reach its target track has traveled. The release of the process of the back-up is only then when all points that determine the route of the forerunner into the route of the successor determining position. For automatic actuation of the release signal are therefore the separating switches at their output Provide sensors which detect the extension of a car, i.e. of the forerunner the turnout area (exit sensors). Through the exit sensor of the Isolation switch of the forerunner triggers the release signal of the backer.

In this way it is ensured that the precursor switches its separating switch in the Has completely left the distribution zone and that the drainage path for the next wagon Is safe. The process is only uncoupled and pressed after this release. If two processes are intended for the same directional track, this is done Release for the expiry of the successor only when the forerunner has the last one Switch system (separating switch), which the route in the common finish track determined, cleared. Obtaining and so-called buffering in this application (Ascending) of the successor to the predecessor is permitted if the Speed difference no damage expected.

The disadvantage of this method is that the drainage rate is quite low, since never several cars at the same time in a row, i.e. the distribution zone drive on. This disadvantage is exacerbated by the fact that when disassembling of a train with well running wagons (Gutlaufers) and poorly running Wagons (bad runners) must be expected. Therefore, the push-off locomotive do not drive at any speed. Rather, it must be with a very drive at low speed or even in stop-and-go operation. Another the Shunting speed and shunting performance are also factors that limit length of the wagons or the length of the processes that consist of several coupled wagons exist and above all the distance between the relevant separating switches from the top of the drain mountain.

It has also already been considered that the push-off operation will take place continuously Driving, but changing speed to be carried out by the engine driver the speed based on an arrow signal, which is on the drain mountain is set up varies. However, it has been found that there is no increase in performance is achievable.

The object of the invention is the performance of such a maneuvering system increase and without compromising security the process and distribution allow a larger number of wagons per unit of time. The one in this application So-called corner impact, in which the chassis of a wagon with the in Circulating switch tongue collides, but also a collision of wagons in the area of the soft must be prevented.

The solution results from claim 1.

While previously the presence sensor triggers the release signal, the exit of the predecessor in the target track intended for him, so the blocking length always the distance between the respective exit sensor of the target track and the Expiration mountain, the blocking lengths are now variable depending on the dynamic behavior of the wagons. Doing so can be essential denser sequence of processes is achieved and the process of the back-up is already released if the precursor is still in the distribution zone, i.e.: the Crossover to his target track has not yet been reached, but at least has not yet left Has.

This means that the safety distances can be shortened without loss of safety can be achieved.

In particular, it becomes possible to use dynamic process criteria in different ways, i.e. different criteria in different extraction and processing and use it for different functions. This allows flexible Adaptation to the dynamics of the processes to achieve a tight wagon sequence.

This is in contrast to the previous rigid handling, in which only one criterion (freedom of travel in the distribution zone) for a single function, namely the release of the subsequent process for the next wagon (successor) is being used.

It is desirable to achieve this aim of the invention with simple means, i.e. without additional ones to achieve equipment of the drainage mountain and the distribution zone.

This is done by training according to claim 2.

One makes use of the fact that the destinations are basically known and that the running behavior of the individual wagons depends on the weight and other for the wagon individual properties such as running resistance, rolling resistance, the air resistance and the route provided Properties such as track resistance, track arches, switches depend on it but only fluctuates within known limits. By taking into account the expected Influencing factors of the process behavior of the individual processes from the process mountain and in the distribution zone up to the individual dividers or target tracks and laying down of these influencing factors, taking into account an inaccuracy factor The process is controlled in an electronic memory.

In particular, the profile of the drainage hill is based on height and inclination as well as the Length of the respective distribution route taken into account. (Claim 3).

It is of particular importance as a parameter for dynamic behavior the empirically determined process behavior of the worst assumed Bad runner on the one hand and the best accepted runner On the other hand. The respective dynamic behavior can e.g. thereby be characterized in that the time is entered into the memory Worst runner and the best runner between the summit and a fixed measuring point or between two fixed measuring points or between the summit or one Place a fixed measuring point below the summit and the individual separating switches.

In executing the invention it must be ensured that the dynamic Behavior of the process using a parameter suitable for automatic control is represented. This happens both in the embodiment of the invention Claim 2 as well as in that according to claim 11 and 12, namely in that the blocking length no longer geographically but in line with the dynamic Behavior of each process determined for each target track and assigned to the target track and is stored (claim 4), again the distinction between Worst runners and best runners can be made.

The configuration according to claim 5, 9 and 10 ensures that it is not the follower may collide with a rotating switch.

To adapt the invention to the special geographical design of the distribution zone serves the configuration according to claims 6 to 8.

The safety distance is the distance between the drain mountain and one of the switches chosen, which is preferred over the separating switch of the precursor lie.

This also sometimes leads to the blocked lengths due to the location of the switches must be chosen longer than required according to the dynamic behavior. This disadvantageous effect is prevented or in the configuration of these claims mitigated by including switches in the security strategy that not determining the route, but the dynamically required blocking length correspond optimally or better.

In the computer that controls the process and in particular the release signal a software module is stored in which the individual blocking lengths are dependent from the separating switches to be approached which lead to the respective target tracks are stored and available. (Claim 11). In particular, also the characteristics typical of the individual wagon and those for the route typical properties (see above) as well as the process characteristics of the Worst runner on the one hand and the best runner on the other hand preferably in theirs Relationship to the individual target tracks saved and for the control of the sequence operation The buffering is used in maneuvering mode of forerunners and followers, i.e. moving the follower onto the forerunner Approved if damage to freight (cargo) or wagons is not expected is.

However, it is also possible according to another embodiment of the invention, even at extreme bad runners to achieve very short blocking lengths and still one Corner impact (in the sense defined above) or a damaging collision / To prevent puffers.

This is done according to claim 12 by a speed measurement using a Speed sensor or several fixed speed sensors. This embodiment of the invention makes the process operation more flexible in the sense of a shortening of the safety distances and an increase of the running frequency achieved without compromising security.

The method according to the invention then has the particular advantage of increasing performance the drain system, if separating switches further away from a forerunner must be started. The lock length is even shorter in this case than the distance between the drain mountain and the separating switch that the follower has to approach, preferably plus the distance between the separating switch and exit of this separating switch. Through this variable, i.e. individual specification The blocking length ensures that there is no collision of the follower in the for separating switches to switch him or the forerunner, especially no corner kick (in the sense defined above) with the switch, even if the individual turnouts are not secured by pull-in contacts and pull-out contacts. Depending on the distance between the drain mountain and the individual separating switches can now the blocking length as the distance between the drain mountain and the predecessor can be defined, which for the to be approached by the successor Separation switch is necessary. This lock length is therefore shorter than dimensioned so far.

The safety distance in this version is also dependent on Profile of the mountain (height, slope) and other dynamic factors such as in particular the characteristics typical of the individual wagon and those for the Characteristics typical for the route (see above) and the sequence characteristics of the Worst runner on the one hand and the best runner on the other hand for each process and each target track variably specified. At the latest the axle counter, which is the exit of the last axis of the predecessor at the end of the blocked length (in this application referred to as the "free-running axle counter") also signals the speed of the predecessor and redeems depending on this speed Signal from which e.g. the location of its drainage properties between best and

Worst runners detected and either the release blocked or the protective switch program is triggered. In the latter case, the dodge or all switch in front of the switch.

According to claims 13 to 16, a measuring point is selected so that it is on the one hand guarantees the necessary security of the process operation, but on the other hand optimal short safety distances allowed.

The following further training adapts to the respective one desired function as well as the respective geographical conditions of the drain mountain, the distribution zone and the respective dividers and finish tracks.

Claims 13 and 14 typically serve the purpose of releasing and / or Trigger protective switch program.

The closer the distance of the measuring point to the separating switch is, the more likely it is he apt to give the signal for release. The embodiment according to claim 14 ensures that the release depending on the detected speed and without disturbance of the process by unforeseen events can. Claim 14 typically serves the purpose of avoiding buffering in the target track, if an extremely bad predecessor of a well running successor is tracked, which is directed to the same target track.

Claim 15 enables the release of the wake alone depending on the determined speeds and the shortening of the safety distance the distance between the summit and the dodge.

Claim 16 permits an extreme reduction in the safety distance.

Regarding the term avoidance, reference is made to the definition according to claims 7 and 8.

The further problem arises that the possible control signal of the sensor or Measuring point also depends on its location. This is due to the design of the method according to claim 17 in any case largely prevented. As a result of that A measuring point for the dynamic properties of the process is assigned to each target track the dynamic properties that result from the target track, in particular the distance to be covered and its gradient, be taken into account by the choice of the location of the measuring point.

On the other hand, the location of the measuring point must also meet the security requirements Take into account. This is done according to claim 18 in that a minimum distance is determined from the empirically determined dynamic properties of worst and best processes.

This poses the problem of suitable evaluations of the measured speed signal to find an optimal operation in terms of frequency and security to enable.

This is done by the further training according to claims 19 to 22.

With a single measurement, a meaningful control signal is obtained by comparison the actual signal compared with a stored target signal and after Result the suitable process strategy (release of the process, specification of the lock length, Protective switch program) is specified. (Claim 20)

When measuring at the beginning and at the end of the blocking section, there is a speed comparison of forerunners and followers possible (claim 20), again with the preferred embodiment that the distance between the summit of the drain mountain and the measuring points according to the expected dynamics of the Can be specified, namely:

The measuring point at the beginning of the blocking length is at a distance according to claim 18 and the measuring point at the end of the blocking length is a distance from the separating switch or - if a protective switch program is to be triggered - from the next Dodge, which ensures that even the fastest follower the slowest Forerunners in the remaining stretch between the end of the restricted stretch and the Cannot catch divider or dodge.

An individual realistic determination of the dynamic properties of a Advance is possible by two successive sensors, each of which Signal speed of the predecessor, so that the speed loss in the known distance between the two measuring points can be determined. By comparison with a still permissible setpoint or by calculating the further speed course can then be determined whether the release take place, a certain blocking length is specified or a protective switch program should be triggered.

The evaluation of the signals according to claim 22 contributes to the uniqueness of the measurement results and control signals.

Furthermore, the invention makes it its task to find suitable control strategies the expiry mode, which provides the special possibilities which result from the invention according to claims 1 and 12, use.

If the measurement result is impermissible or it has been processed, as mentioned, Release of the successor blocked (claim 23) and / or - if the release has already taken place - a so-called protective switch program (claim 28) is triggered and / or the blocking length is set individually for the forerunner concerned become.

The protective switch program includes one or more or all Points are changed, which are e.g. before a certain one Soft lying. In this way it is achieved that with the least possible Safety distance that must be maintained between two processes, however it is still possible to switch a dodge into which the follower dodge can to avoid a buffer or a corner kick (as defined above).

⇒ wenn in einer Weiche durch ein Fahrzeug eine Störung zu erwarten ist, wenn also durch die dort angebrachten Fahrzeugsensoren, z.B. Achszähler die Weiche als belegt gemeldet ist,

⇒ wenn eine Weiche ihre Endlage nicht erreicht; in diesem Falle läuft die Weiche wieder zurück; es wird jedoch schon vorher das Schutzprogramm ausgelöst, wenn der dort angebrachte Weichen-Lagemelder nach der normalen Laufzeit signalisiert, daß die Weiche ihre Endlage nicht erreicht hat.

The protective switch program has so far only been triggered,

⇒ if a breakdown is to be expected from a vehicle in a turnout, i.e. if the turnout is reported as occupied by the vehicle sensors installed there, e.g. axle counters,

⇒ if a switch does not reach its end position; in this case the switch runs back; However, the protection program is triggered beforehand when the turnout position indicator attached there signals after the normal runtime that the turnout has not reached its end position.

According to the invention, the protective switch program is shortened in the execution strategy of the blocked lengths included. In particular, in this embodiment Protection switch program also triggered a buffering on a bad runner to prevent. In this case you have a mistake, but you avoid it damage to vehicles or cargo.

Suitable protective switch programs result from claim 29, which aim to to achieve a reduction in the safety distance in that, if necessary the forerunner or the successor is diverted to a track other than its destination. A further increase in the drainage capacity should be taken into account even when the Running properties are achieved according to claims 24 to 27. If dependent a blocking length of the measurement signal individually for the affected precursor is set (claim 24), one achieves an optimally short blocking length below Consideration of all security issues. This makes it possible, even with the Detection of bad runners does not absolutely block the distribution zone but the next process in adaptation to the special features of the distribution zone and the Release dynamics of the predecessor as soon as possible.

For this, however, the position of the measuring point or - when measuring the speed difference at two measuring points - the position of the second measuring point can be selected taking into account claim 18. With this configuration The other strategies mentioned can also be used in the process. The release signal is then issued by a presence sensor, which is a has a predetermined position at the end of the blocking length and preferably accordingly claims 9 and 10 is positioned.

Suitable presence sensors and speed sensors are available e.g. in the form of double electromagnetic sensors according to DE-C1 43 25 406 (Tig 9201). These are also used as presence sensors, especially as limit sensors, i.e.: input sensors and output sensors (free moving sensors) Each turnout is used, the allocation of the turnout by recording the incoming Report axes and the extending axes. These sensors can also serve as speed sensors, so that further equipment the distribution zone is not required. All that is essential is the measurement sign which of the existing sensors are used for sequence control. It should be noted that a sensor is arranged behind each separating switch, which gives a signal when the wagon leaves the area of influence of the sensor Has. It can be z. B. are inductive wheel counters, which on the rail are arranged. The individual blocking lengths are dimensioned so that, on the one hand it is ensured that even badly running precursor wagons are safe have left the separating switch to be switched for the trailer before the Release signal and thus the switching of the switch to be switched for the trailer he follows. On the other hand, the blocking length is shortened in such a way that the pull-off speed the haul-off locomotive increased and the number of wagons distributed can be increased.

The invention has the advantage on the one hand that the running frequency of the wagons can be significantly increased in a shunting system without intervention in the shunting system itself. No loss of route safety is accepted, on the contrary: on the one hand, the lengthening of the blocking length of the trailer leads, which is done according to the invention by a bad precursor, that this also delays the process of all subsequent processes accordingly and thus ensures it becomes that no successor can catch up with the forerunner. The invention allows it by capturing the dynamic properties of precursors and

Subsequent also determine whether the dynamic behavior of the predecessor Entry of the next following or later trailer in the same finish track allowed without harmful impact. In particular, it can affect the process behavior of the predecessor permanently saved and for all later successors, which approach the same target track, be made usable. In particular, it becomes possible to block the target track as part of a protective switch program if a bad predecessor has stopped at the beginning of the finish line and now a good runner follows.

Finally, it should be noted that the automation of the shunting operation with automatic switch control also allows the distribution zone in "sawtooth mode" to drive. The train to be dismantled with all wagons is in the pushed the target track to be approached to the first wagon and the first wagon there uncoupled. The train is then pulled back until it separates the switch for can approach the next first wagon. This separating switch is used automatically switched as soon as it was detected by presence sensors that there is no longer any wheel set in the area of this separating switch.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below.

Fig.1: eine Ablaufanlage mit Steuerung entsprechend den eingespeicherten dynamischen Werte des Ablaufs

Fig. 2 bis 4: Betriebssituationen an einer Ablaufanlage mit Steuerung entsprechend den aktuell gemessenen dynamischen Werte des Ablaufs

Fig. 5 die Festlegung des Meßpunktes in der Ablaufanlage nach Fig. 2 bis 4

Fig. 6 bis 9: weitere Betriebssituationen an einer Ablaufanlage mit Steuerung entsprechend den aktuell gemessenen dynamischen Werte des Ablaufs

Show it:

Fig. 1: a drainage system with control according to the stored dynamic values of the drainage

Fig. 2 to 4: operating situations on a drain system with control according to the currently measured dynamic values of the sequence

5 shows the determination of the measuring point in the drainage system according to FIGS. 2 to 4

6 to 9: further operating situations on a drainage system with control according to the currently measured dynamic values of the drainage

In Fig. 1, a drain system with a drain mountain 1 is shown schematically a train is waiting to be dismantled. A car, the forerunner 2, is already in the Distribution zone driven. The distribution zone consists of a large number of target tracks 13, 15, each of which can be accessed via a separating switch. Here are only two target tracks with dividers 3 and 8 shown.

The forerunner has passed through the switch 8 in order to open in its separating switch 3 the target track 13 to be directed. The next car 7, the trailer, can only be depressed when the release signal 12 is set to release accordingly becomes.

The turnouts are secured by sensors 4,5,6 and 9,10,11. It is about axle counters, which emit a signal in the presence of a railway wheel. There are two inductive sensors each, so that from the sequence of the signals the direction of movement and the speed of the passing wheel and wagons can be found. The input sensors 4 and 9 count the in wheels entering the turnout area. The output sensors 5 and 6 and 10 respectively and 11 count the wheels moving out of the turnout area. The output sensors 5 and 6 or 10 and 11 give the switch to a switch drive, not shown free if the number of entering the number of extending wheels corresponds. For this purpose, the sensors are connected to the computer 14.

Between the input sensors 4 and 9 and the output sensors Sund 6 and 10 and 11 are the boundary signs, not shown, of the respective switch.

A program is in the computer 14 shown, which controls the release signal 12 entered, which when activating the separating switch 3 for the predecessor the switch 8 sets as a dodge for the trailer.

Since the precursor 2 has run over the output sensor 10 of the switch 8, the by the sensor 9 in the computer counted axes again, so that the sensor 10 now releases the point machine and at the same time the computer signals that the precursor has passed the area of the diverter 8.

Now the computer gives the release signal for the follower. If through the Output sensor 10 was also found that it was the precursor is a bad runner, i.e.: that the speed is below a previously for this Point set target speed, this sensor continues to solve that Protective switch program. The switch 8 is turned so that the trailer can only go to the finish track 15. If the follower is not for the target track is determined, the switch is switched again beforehand. If between the drain mountain and the diverter 8 are still other points, by the protective switch program switched these switches cumulatively or alternatively are avoided, so that a buffering of the back-up to the forerunner is avoided becomes.

It is preferred that all turnouts are - free; i.e. the boundary signs the switch lies between the sensors (axle counters), which determine the presence signal a vehicle in the area of the switch and when entering and leaving Give a signal to the separating switch. Give the boundary signs the minimum distance of the buffers from the point of intersection of the switches, so that vehicles can pass on the unoccupied route without touching it.

G

Gipfel des Ablaufberges 1

M,

Meßpunkt

M1, M2 WA

Lage (Ende) der Ausweiche

WT

Lage (Ende) der Trennungsweiche

A

Abstand zwischen den Puffern des Vorläufers und Nachläufers

A_M/1-2.

Abstand der Meßpunkte

As

Sicherheitsabstand zwischen den Puffern des Vorläufers und Nachläufers Auf der Zeitachse markieren

T₀

Start des Vorläufers

T₁

Start des Nachläufers

t_vor.

Zeitvorsprung des Vorläufers vor dem Schlechtestläufer

T_S-Vor

Sicherheits - Zeitvorsprung des Vorläufers vor dem Schlechtestläufer

2 to 9 each show a time (t) -path (s) diagram for a drain mountain corresponding to FIG. 1 including the distribution zone and drain section. Mark on the path axis

G

Summit mountain 1

M,

Measuring point

M1, M2 WA

Location (end) of the dodge

WT

Position (end) of the separating switch

A

Distance between the buffers of the forerunner and the backer

A _{M / 1-2.}

Distance of the measuring points

As

Mark the safety distance between the buffers of the forerunner and the backer on the time axis

T ₀

Start of the forerunner

T ₁

Start of the trailer

t _before .

Advance in time of the forerunner over the worst runner

T _S-Vor

Safety - time advantage of the forerunner over the worst runner

At the time T ₀ , a wagon (forerunner V) is released from the summit. This starts with a certain acceleration (in addition to its existing speed / pulling speed).

Different operating situations of the same system are shown in FIGS. in which only a speed measurement of the predecessor takes place.

The speed of the precursor is determined at the measuring point M. The speed course of the precursor can be based on this measured value due to Experience values that are fed into the control computer of the system are determined become. This assumed speed curve of the predecessor is with a line 16 displayed.

Depending on the speed signal, the next sequence (follower) controlled.

Here, a reference is made to the stored permitted speed the worst course (worst runner). This course of speed the worst runner is shown in dash-dotted lines on line 18.

The acceleration of the process and the speed curve of the trailer in the distribution zone is stored in the computer, using a so-called model "Best Runner" serves. The best runner is a wagon that is the best on the drain mountain occurring runtime properties minus a safety discount. This Speed history is shown with line 17. You can see on a horizontal Axis the distance A between the front buffers of the Follower and the back buffers of the predecessor.

In the operating situation according to FIG. 2, the measurement point M shows that the speed of the precursor is greater than that of the worst runner, so that there is a time advantage t _before the assumed worst runner at the measuring point. This time advantage of the forerunner in front of the worst runner is greater in the situation according to FIG. 2, in the situation according to FIG. 3, than the permitted safety time advantage ts _-before the forerunner in front of the worst runner. A different sequence control therefore takes place: in the operating situation according to FIG. 2, the sequence of the follower is released. The distance A remains up to the entrance of the precursor into its diverging points WT = 3 is greater than the smallest permitted safety distance A _is.

The approach of the follower to the forerunner is accepted, since there is still a diverter WA 8 in front of the separating switch WT of the forerunner, into which the follower can be diverted if the further course of the speed of the forerunner or follower turns out to be less favorable than assumed. In the operating situation according to FIG. 3, the sequence of the follower is not released. The distance A would to the entrance of the precursor into its diverging points WT small as the smallest permitted safety distance A _itself.

It is possible to trigger a protective switch program through which the Follower or the forerunner in a switch located in front of the separating switch WT AW = 8 would be redirected. Under these circumstances, one would Use the method described in FIG. 4 described below.

In the situation according to FIG. 4, the forerunner arrived at the measuring point later than the worst runner assumed. Therefore, the sequence of the back-up is now not released, but a blocking length A _{blocking is} defined. This means that a point is set at a distance A from the measuring point, at which a presence _{sensor detects} the presence of the precursor. In the case shown, it is the input sensor of the diverter WA, which is located in front of the separating diverter. This ensures, on the one hand, that there is always a sufficient distance between the processes and, on the other hand, that the follower can, if necessary, be diverted to the diversion as part of a protective switch program. It is then an erroneous stranger, provided that the diverter is not identical to the separating diverter of the follower.

• die Durchschnittsgeschwindigkeit eines Ablaufs,
• die Abweichung von einer vorgegebenen Durchschnittsgeschwindigkeit z.B. des Schlechtestläufers,
• bei zwei Zeitmessungen in zwei Strecken bekannter Länge auch der Geschwindigkeitsverlust und die Abweichung des Geschwindigkeitsverlust von demjenigen des z.B. Schlechtestläufers ermittelt werden.

It follows from the above that the speed measurement can also be carried out as a time measurement between two points with a known distance. This can be used, for example

• the average speed of a process,
• the deviation from a predetermined average speed, for example of the worst runner,
• in the case of two time measurements in two distances of known length, the speed loss and the deviation of the speed loss from that of the worst runner, for example, are also determined.

Fig. 5 shows the same distribution zone in the diagram as before with the determination of the position of the measuring point M. The theoretically assumed, empirically determined one is shown Driving curve 18 of the worst runner and the driving curve likewise empirically determined 19 of the runner. The measuring point must have a distance from the Summit G be placed in such a way that when the runner is released by a Worst runner when passing the measuring point of the worst runner Separation switch or - as shown here - at least the specified switch WA reached without causing a buffering of the back-up or an impermissible Approach with risk of corner impact in the diverter or separating diverter is coming. In the case shown is the implementation of a protective switch program to achieve the dodge as a criterion for the location of the measuring point chosen.

FIGS. 6 to 9 show different operating situations of the same system, in which two speed measurements of the predecessor take place.

The speed is determined at the measuring points M ₁ and M ₂ . The measuring points M ₁ and M ₂ have a predetermined distance A _{M / 1-2.}

The measurement points are determined, as described above with reference to FIG. 5, however placed in an area of the distribution zone in which is no longer significantly with a Accelerated processes can be expected, especially in the zone without gradient.

The speed curve of the drains can be based on these measured values from empirical values that are fed into the control computer of the system become. It should be noted that even with this method, the speed itself, which was measured at one of the measuring points - as described above - for Control the release, a protective switch program or to define a Blocking length can be used. In particular, based on such a measured value be determined whether the measured absolute value of the speed it can be expected that the forerunner will reach its target track and / or whether the Followers entering the same target track on the predecessor with impermissibly high Speed up (buffer).

In the operating case according to FIG. 6, depending on the loss of speed of the forerunner, the sequence of the backer is released. The assumed speed curve of the forerunner is indicated by line 16. For example, the speed loss of the predecessor in the distance A _M can be compared as a practical measurement variable, calculation variable and control variable with the corresponding speed loss of the worst runner, which has previously been empirically determined and stored. The speed curve of the worst runner is shown in dashed lines and designated 18. Because of the low speed, it is expedient to define the difference in squares or higher powers of the measured speeds or a power of the speed loss as the speed loss.

Depending on the detected loss of speed and the comparison with the speed loss determined and stored for the worst runner In particular, the release of the next process (successor) is controlled.

The acceleration of the process and the speed curve of the trailer in the distribution zone is stored in the computer, using a so-called model "Best Runner" serves. The best runner is a wagon that is the best on the drain mountain occurring runtime properties minus a safety discount. This Speed history is shown with line 19. You can see on a horizontal Axis the distance A between the front buffers of the Follower and the back buffers of the predecessor.

In the operating situation according to FIG. 6, it is found in measuring point M ₂ that the speed of the forerunner is greater and the speed loss t _{2-real is} smaller than the corresponding values of the worst runner, each including an approved safety surcharge.

Therefore, the process of the back-up is released. The distance A remains up to the entrance of the precursor into its diverging points WT greater than the smallest permitted safety distance A _is.

The approach of the follower to the forerunner is accepted, since there is a diverter WA in front of the separating switch WT of the forerunner, into which the follower can be diverted if the further course of the speed of the forerunner or follower turns out to be less favorable than assumed. In the operating situation according to FIG. 7, the sequence of the back-up is released, as has been described above with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. The measuring point M _{1 is used} to determine the speed advantage. In the operating case shown, however, the predecessor's runtime behavior deteriorates in an unforeseen manner. The distance A would until the entrance of the precursor into its diverging points WT smaller than the smallest permitted safety distance A _is. It is only possible to trigger a protective switch program by which the follower or the forerunner would be redirected to a switch AW located in front of the separating switch WT. The measurement of the speed loss at the second measuring point M _{2 is} used for this. By measuring the speed loss, the deterioration of the run behavior is indicated. The protective switch program can therefore be started and the follower can be redirected to the diversion WA without the safety distance A between the processes falling below the predetermined level.

In the situation according to FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, it is also possible to use one or both Measuring points M1 / M2 to check the dynamic behavior of the follower. This happens anyway to control the sequence that follows it. The values can, however also used to compare speeds or losses of speed compared to corresponding stored setpoints Bestrunner or compared to the previously measured actual values of the predecessor determine whether a protective switch program is to be triggered in order to buffer or to avoid a corner kick (as defined above).

It should be mentioned that, depending on the determined loss of speed of the forerunner, instead of releasing the follower, a blocking length A _blocking can also be determined, as shown in FIG. 8. This means that a point at a distance A _block from the second measuring point is determined at which a presence _{sensor detects} the presence of the precursor. In the case shown, it is the input sensor of the diverter WA, which is located in front of the separating diverter. This ensures, on the one hand, that there is always a sufficient distance between the processes and, on the other hand, that the follower can, if necessary, be diverted to the diversion as part of a protective switch program. It is then an erroneous stranger, provided that the diverter is not identical to the separating diverter of the follower.

It should be mentioned again that the speed measurement also as a time measurement. can be executed between two points with a known distance. So can the measuring point M1 the time from the summit to the measuring point M1 and at the measuring point M2 measured the transit time between the measuring points and from this the respective Speed can be measured.

The transit time measurement also enables a method which is described with reference to FIG. 9 becomes.

A blocking length is defined in the distribution zone, either rigid or depending on the dynamic behavior - as described above - des Precursor.

If the blocking length is specified rigidly, the sequence of the follower is released only when it is ensured by the control computer that the speed of the predecessor until the end of the restricted route is shorter than the runtime of a best runner up to the start of the closed section.

The lock length depends on the time lead or on the speed predecessor, you can also adjust their length the running properties of the precursor take place.

It should be noted that this application assumes that a process a forerunner and a forerunner always affect only one wagon. It can one process, forerunners and followers but also coupled together by several or trade separate wagons that are essentially shared by the drain mountain be pulled and go to the same finish track. In this case it is of particular importance that in the safety assessment and in particular the Safety distance between two processes, i.e. Forerunners and successors who in In this sense, the length of these units should also be considered is pulled. It is therefore important that the presence of such a unit in a danger zone, as a rule by detecting the first wheel set, the leaving of the danger zone was determined by registering the last wheel set becomes.

It can be seen that the various forms of presentation (presence, speed, Delay, duration) of dynamic behavior, the different Forms of determination (storage and retrieval of empirical values, measurement, Calculation) and the process strategies to be derived in a variety of ways can be combined.

Reference numerals:

1.

Drain mountain 1

2nd

Forerunner 2, process

3rd

Divider 3

4th

Sensor, input sensor 4

5.

Sensor, output sensors 5

6.

Sensors, output sensors 6

7.

Carriage 7 trailer, expiry

8th.

Divider 8, dodge 8

9.

Sensor 9 input sensor

10th

Sensor 10, output sensor 10

11.

Sensor 11 output sensor 11

12th

Release signal 12

13.

Finish line 13

14.

Calculator 14

15.

Finish line 15

16.

Speed curve 16 of the precursor V

17th

Speed curve 17 of the follower N

18th

Permitted worst run speed (worst runner)

19th 20th

Expected speed of the best process (best runner)

Claims (29)

Method for controlling the sequence of the wagons of a railway train to be dismantled from a discharge hill of a marshalling yard into the distribution zone of the marshalling yard, in which the wagons from the distribution zone are distributed to different target tracks using successive separating switches, and in which the control of the release signal for the sequence and the turnouts for the route of a car is carried out in such a way that a harmful impact of the followers by driving (buffering) the subsequent sequencer (successor) onto the preceding car (forerunner) in its route (distribution zone , Separating switch and finish track) is excluded; Mark:
The control of the release signal for the process and / or the points for the route of the processors takes place depending on the dynamic behavior of the forerunner and / or the follower. The method of claim 1
Mark: The dynamic behavior of the drains is taken into account, taking into account the influencing factors, in particular the running characteristics specific to the wagons and the route characteristics specific to the routes and preferably taking into account the expected boundary properties of a well-running wagon on the one hand and a poorly running wagon on the other and stored in the computer controlling the process (control computer) and called up and evaluated to determine the release of the process of the trailer and / or route of the processors. The method of claim 2
Mark:
The dynamic behavior of the forerunner is determined from the height and inclination (the profile) of the drain mountain and the distance between the summit of the drain mountain and the output sensor of the separating switch of its target track (distribution route) and is preferably stored taking into account a safety surcharge. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3
Mark: In order to record the dynamic behavior of the running wagons as a function of the profile of the drainage hill and as a function of the respective distribution route, a predetermined blocking length is assigned to each of the target tracks and stored in the control computer for each target track, and the release signal for the outflow of the back-up is only given when it is determined by a fixed sensor that the forerunner has cleared the clearance length or will clear it before the back-up can bump. Method according to claim 4,
Mark:
the blocking length is determined as the length between two presence sensors, which are assigned to the input on the one hand and the output of the same, preferably another switch, in particular a switch located in front of the separating switch of the precursor. Method according to claim 4 or 5,
Mark:
the blocking lengths are defined as the distance between the summit of the drain mountain and the separating switch of the predecessor. Method according to claim 4 or 5,
Mark:
The blocked lengths are defined as the distance between the summit of the outflow mountain and one of the switches (diverters) in front of the separating switch of the forerunner. Method according to claim 7,
Mark:
The diverter is the separating switch of the follower. Method according to one of claims 4 to 8,
Mark:
the sensor is in the range of the blocking length. The method of claim 9
Mark:
the sensor is located at the end of the blocking length, preferably at the exit of the switch which limits the blocking length (output sensor 10). Method according to one of claims 2 to 10,
Mark:
A software module is stored in the computer that controls the process, in which the blocking lengths depend on the profile (height and inclination) of the drain mountain and on the distance between the drain mountain and the separating switch, via which the predecessor enters his target track to be approached reached, and preferably the typical running behavior of a wagon with good running properties (best runner) and a wagon with poor running properties (worst runner) can also be stored and called up as limit values. Method according to one of claims 1-11,
Mark:
the dynamic behavior of the forerunner is determined by one or more speed sensors while it is running. The method of claim 12
Mark:
The measuring point is before the end of the blocked length, but at the latest at the exit of the separating switch of the predecessor. The method of claim 13
Mark:
The measuring point lies in front of the separating switch of the precursor. The method of claim 14
Mark:
The measuring point lies in front of one of the switches (diverters) located in front of the separating switch of the predecessor. A method according to claim 15,
Mark:
The measuring point is before or at the beginning of the blocked length. The method of claim 13
Mark:
The measuring point is specified individually for each target track or a group of target tracks. Method according to one of claims 12 to 17
Mark:
the distance (M) between the summit of the drain mountain and the measuring point is determined so that, taking into account a follower with the best assumed drain properties (maximum speed v _max ), a precursor with the worst assumed drain properties (minimum speed v _min ) and the greatest distance ( S _MA ) between the measuring point and the end of the blocked section a buffer or corner impact (in the sense defined above) is excluded. Method according to one of claims 12 to 18
Mark:
To control the process, the dynamic behavior of the forerunner is determined by comparing the speed of the forerunner measured by a fixed sensor and its setpoint speed previously determined and stored for this point. Method according to one of claims 12 to 18
Mark: to control the sequence, the runtime T _{V of} the predecessor until the end of a predetermined blocking length and the running time T _{N of} the follower between the summit of the drain mountain and the beginning of the blocking length is determined from the maximum acceleration and speed to be expected previously determined for the trailer, and either the release signal for the follower is issued when the running time Tv of the forerunner is shorter, preferably by a previously planned safety time TS shorter than the running time T _{N of} the backer, or a more extensive blocking length comprising the separating switch of the forerunner, at the output of which a presence sensor is set by its presence signal, which detects a certain point, preferably a wheel, axle or wheel set of the forerunner, triggers the release signal for releasing the backer if the running time Tv of the forerunner is not shorter, in particular not by the previously planned safety time TS, shorter than the running time T _{N of} the follower. Method according to one of claims 12 to 18
Mark:
the speed of the forerunner is measured by two fixed sensors with a known distance and then the speed tendency is determined; the sequence is controlled as a function of the determined loss of speed. The method of claim 13
Mark:
The speed loss is defined as the difference between the powers of the measured speeds. Method according to one of claims 12 to 22
Mark:
depending on the measured dynamic behavior of the forerunner, the release of the backer is controlled. Method according to one of claims 12 to 22
Mark:
depending on the measured dynamic behavior of the forerunner and / or backer, a blocking length is specified, at the end of which there is a presence sensor, which controls the sequence of the backer by release or in the course of a protective switch program in another way. The method of claim 24
Mark:
The blocked length includes the area of one or more switches, which are in front of the between the drain mountain and the separating switch of the predecessor and serve as a switch. The method of claim 24 or 25
Mark:
The sensor for determining the presence and the speed of the forerunner is arranged in the exit of the switch at the end of the blocked length and triggers the release signal for the follower when the forerunner is crossed. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26
Mark:
the blocking section is limited by the input sensor of a switch and by the output sensor of the switch located behind it. Method according to one of claims 12 to 28
Mark:
depending on the measured dynamic behavior of the forerunner and / or backer, a protective switch program is triggered to control the sequence of the backer or forerunner The method of claim 28
Mark:
the switch in the protective switch program is a predetermined one of the switches located in front of the separating switch of the precursor, preferably the separating switch of the follower, and / or one or more or all of the switches between the drain mountain and the switch and / or one or more or all of the switches between the switch and the separating switch of the precursor.

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