EP1104587B1 - Breitband-planarstrahler - Google Patents
Breitband-planarstrahler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1104587B1 EP1104587B1 EP98917080A EP98917080A EP1104587B1 EP 1104587 B1 EP1104587 B1 EP 1104587B1 EP 98917080 A EP98917080 A EP 98917080A EP 98917080 A EP98917080 A EP 98917080A EP 1104587 B1 EP1104587 B1 EP 1104587B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- planar antenna
- antenna according
- stripline
- radiator
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
- H01Q21/0081—Stripline fed arrays using suspended striplines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
Definitions
- the invention relates to a planar antenna for receiving and Send linearly polarized waves, with two radiator planes arranged parallel to one another several each arranged in rows and columns Radiator elements, the radiator elements each Phase and radiator level each via a coupling network equal in amplitude to a central point are coupled, and the two radiator planes to each other receive or radiate orthogonally polarized waves.
- the planar antenna is a radiator system for the directional receiving high frequency electromagnetic Radiation fields based on a planar Solution concept designed by means of the directed Information transmission routes, preferably for the Range of satellite-based data, audio and Video transmission, are operable.
- the Invention ostensibly on the conception of Single radiators and their network-side coupling.
- the scope of the invention also includes stationary and mobile telephone or Information transfer based on the satellite-based communication and the Sector of terrestrial information transmission on the Basis of defined point-to-point connections.
- this connection are in particular the area of satellite-based analog and digital signal transmission, preferably within the spectral range between 10.70 GHz and 12.75 GHz, as well as the area of terrestrial point-to-point transmission, preferably within the Spectral range between 10.00 GHz and 10.40 GHz, targeted application focus.
- planar spotlight solutions for the Reception of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation fields are based on the electromagnetic excitation of Aperture fields with rectangular, square, circular or Romanesque bezel, whose electromagnetic supply by means of geometry strip conductor of defined dimensions.
- the mutual arrangement of the stimulating stripline or excited apertures and the respective interpretation of the The combination of aperture contours determines the character Statistics of the electromagnetic radiation field that can be generated.
- the known arrangements are based on the Generation of circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation fields by means of diaphragm groups excited in phase, the individual panels each using a pair Stripline with dimensioned dimensions on the geometry side a mutual spatial and temporal displacement of 90 ° can be excited or linear on the generation polarized electromagnetic radiation fields by means of in-phase excited aperture groups, the individual Apertures each defined by means of a geometry dimensioned stripline, its geometric arrangement the direction of vibration of the electric field vector determined, done.
- any additional solutions used are based on the Configuration of surface resonators in microstrip or Coplanar technology with square, rectangular or circular area boundary.
- Other known solutions are based on microstrip configurations in ring or Frame design with a resonant geometric ring or Frame length.
- the well-known solutions of the excitation networks in the case of group arrangement are based on the Parallel feeding of the radiator elements or on the Parallel feeding of series-fed spotlight subassemblies.
- the execution of the coupling networks Microstrip, slot line, triplate or Coplanar techniques used.
- the generation of two orthogonal polarizations is based according to the known state on the along the surface normal of the diaphragms or surface resonators of the radiator elements.
- Known planar directional emitter arrangements with high directivity are exclusively as narrowband or in the case of satellite-based Information transfer configured as single-band systems.
- the signal coupling or decoupling is known Way over a waveguide with a capacitive probe, where the waveguide geometry the propagation condition of the Maps field types of the highest cutoff wavelength.
- EP 0 542 447 discloses a planar antenna in which two radiator elements arranged next to each other in phase opposition, i.e. are coupled out of phase by 180 °.
- the Making the phase difference is different by long leads to the radiator elements are generated, whereby the feed lines are designed as strip lines and are arranged around the radiator elements.
- the necessary length of the Supply lines are disproportionately long, which is disadvantageous large losses due to the coupling network used as well electromagnetic coupling phenomena result.
- a planar antenna is also from EP 0 123 350 known for the radiator elements in one plane in rows and columns are arranged to each other, the Radiator elements via a common coupling network are connected, the directions of vibration of the Radiator elements are in phase. This results in inevitably a relatively large distance between the Radiator elements to each other, which means the profit per Area unit of the antenna is disadvantageously reduced.
- the aim of the invention is the configuration planar transmitter and receiver modules, by means of which directed both direct and transponder based Information transmission routes primarily within the framework of the mobile terrestrial telephone or
- the object of the present invention is therefore a To provide planar antenna, its geometric dimensions are as small as possible, the antenna being as possible spectral broadband with high area efficiency and is high directivity.
- this task is accomplished by a planar antenna solved with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous features result from the features of subclaims.
- the planar antenna according to the invention advantageously has a square one Fades open, one compared to round fades much higher broadband as well as a larger one Have polarization purity.
- the optimum between electrical Broadband and necessary geometric space requirements is therefore a square aperture with rounded Corners used. Square or rectangular panels with other conceivable corner or side deformations also conceivable.
- the excitation of the single radiator takes place via a Cover protruding ladder section.
- the ladder shape, the shape the edges of the bezels and the position of the conductor to the aperture determine the base impedance of the Radiator element "aperture line".
- the radiator elements are correct for impedance as well as amplitude and phase through a likewise planar feed or coupling network connected and to a common summation point (Coupling point). Usually this is a parallel supply between the individual radiators used. However, this is the case with single radiators with a square one Panel shape not due to the lack of space reasonably possible.
- the diaphragms are supplied by line sections, which alternate in the level of electrical Polarization (E plane) are arranged. That’s all Radiator elements always aligned 180 ° in opposite directions and polarized. For in-phase feeding of all elements to ensure is by phase redirection between two adjacent apertures have a 180 ° phase difference generated.
- This feed also has the advantage that excited propagating parasitic waves caused by Asymmetries in the excitation of the aperture by the Triplate feed lines arise through the serial Power to be largely wiped out and its negative Influencing the electrical functioning is significantly reduced.
- the advantageous combination of square aperture with rounded corners and serial supply "leads to very good electrical Characteristic values with regard to the polarization purity, Isolation, the forward / reverse ratio as well as area efficiency.
- the stimulating strip conductors serve to excite one determined both by the aperture geometry or contour, as well as the geometrical position and geometry of the stimulating stripline specified field or Vibration type within the aperture. This means that the formation of the resulting field or radiation type the aperture by the superimposition of the by the Arrangement and geometry of the stripline specified source or excitation conditions as well as by defined the aperture contour and geometry Propagation or existence condition is determined. about the targeted generation of a defined impedance profile within the aperture space by means of the arrangement and Dimensioning of the exciting strip conductor on the geometry side the polarization state of the Aperture field set so that in the case of the same Aperture contour both the orthogonal linear Polarizations as well as the orthogonal circular ones Polarizations are generated.
- the Planar antenna according to the invention has one for this adapted, low-reflection and frequency broadband Transition from a coaxial line to a triplate line.
- the difficulty with this type of coupling consists in the realization of a high frequency Earth connection between the coaxial outer conductor (earth) and the two ground lines of a triplate line rear coupling. This problem was solved by the Solved using a hollow profile segment. Here is the good earth connection between the hollow profile segment, the aperture masks and the coaxial coupling in and out crucial.
- the trained "hollow profile” or “tunnel” is chosen so that the least possible reflection Decoupling the antenna signal power is possible.
- the outer shape of the hollow segment is for the electrical properties insignificant and is off Manufacturing aspects determined. So are arbitrary many mechanical hollow profile segment shapes possible.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective detail drawing from the planar antenna according to the invention, in which the three conductive layers parallel to each other (Aperture masks) 3, 4 and 5 to the coupling networks 1 and 2 and the base plate 12 are arranged.
- the panels 6 of the conductive layers 3, 4, 5 are one above the other arranged and together form the aperture spaces, which of those shown in Figures 2 and 3 Coupling networks and in particular through the strip-shaped stimulating strip conductors 16a and 16b be stimulated.
- the base plate 12 is in one Distance of approximately ⁇ / 4 to the conductive layer 4 and serves for shielding in the direction of the base plate 12 radiated radiation and for reflection of this.
- the spaces between the conductive layers 3, 4 and 5 and the base plate 12 and the coupling networks 1 and 2 are by means of dielectric layers 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 filled in, the dielectric layers of Films or mats are made and between the individual layers are placed and positioned.
- the Conductive layers 3 and 4 form with their diaphragms 6 together with the coupling network 1 n x m radiator elements.
- the conductive layers 4 and 5 with their apertures 6 form together with the coupling network 2 also n x m radiator elements.
- all stimulating strip conductors 16a are shown and 16b via the coupling networks phase and amplitude-homogeneous to a central one Coupling point 17 or 22 within the network level coupled.
- Each coupling network consists of parent branches 13a 'or 13b', to the further branches 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b are connected.
- the last branch of the network before the stimulating stripline will be reached in hereinafter referred to as a branch.
- 31 is as can be seen from FIG. 5 via a short connecting line 36 the first exciting strip line 16 is connected.
- 31 is also a U-shaped connecting line 32, 33, 34 connected with one leg 32, wherein on the other leg 34 at right angles over one another short lead 35 the second stimulating Strip line 16 is connected.
- the two on the branch 15, 31 form connected stimulating stripline 16 together a group of two.
- the one Stripline 16 'forming a group of two is not on one Line, but are arranged axially parallel to each other. As a result, the excitation or impedance of the planar antenna certainly.
- the U-shaped connecting conductor 32, 33, 34 is in his geometric length and coupling profile side Arranged in such a way that in each case between the first and second, third and fourth, fifth and sixth etc. line aperture taking into account the mutual aperture coupling in the plane of electrical field vector of the state of phase opposition is produced.
- the connecting cable used for the 180 ° phase shift 32, 33, 34 need not be U-shaped, but can have any other shape and form.
- the stimulating strip conductors 16a, 16b are each center symmetrical (Fig. 5) or center asymmetrical (Fig.6), preferably center symmetrical to each of the an edge 6b of the panels 6 arranged.
- the stripline 16a, 16b are perpendicular to each other. This gives the possibility of generating decoupled orthogonal linear polarization or the possibility of Generation of coupled and phase-shifted orthogonal polarization or circular polarization opposite direction of rotation of the field vector.
- the individual are stimulating Strip lines 16a, 16b of the coupling networks 1 and 2 to one another arranged orthogonally so that by means of planar antenna according to the invention two mutually orthogonal polarized waves can be sent or received.
- FIG. 8 shows a square diaphragm 6 straight edges 6b, which by means of circular arc segments 6c are connected.
- Figure 9 shows one also square aperture 6 ', the corners 6c' are beveled.
- edges 6b '' are not straight, but circular, elliptical or hyperbolic inward.
- the diaphragms 6 of the individual conductive layers 3, 4 and 5 are each arranged in such a way that the Intersections of their lines of symmetry lie one above the other. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the diaphragms 6 are one Level arranged at the same distance from each other. It is however, it is also possible not to fade in a layer arrange even distances from each other. Can too the diaphragms against each other in columns or rows be shifted.
- the dielectric layers 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 can same or different susceptibility profiles exhibit.
- the individual layers can either be homogeneous or from more than one sub-layer with the same or unequal, preferably the same, layer height as well the same or different, preferably the same, dielectric susceptibility profiles can be configured.
- the coupling network is either strapless or by means of a low dielectric layer, preferably one low dielectric film with minimal dielectric Loss angle mechanically guided or stabilized.
- the Configuration of the coupling networks including stimulating Stripline is done using additive techniques or subtractive method, preferably subtractive Process, preferably using PTFE or PET compositions, Polyethylene compositions, poly-4-methylpentene or poly-4-methylhexene can be used as structural supports.
- each of which is one half of the Connect the coupling network to the coupling point.
- a straight line Stripline section 50 arranged, which is centered with the inner conductor 42 of a coaxial waveguide, which to connect the planar antenna with the downstream one low-noise converter (LNC), not shown, galvanically connected.
- the inner conductor 42 which passes through the conductor track 50 with this galvanically connected by means of a solder connection.
- the strip-shaped conductor section 50 is made of two Projections 43a of a spacer ring 43 in the same in each case Distance bordered.
- This Hollow profile segment is preferably rectangular, but can also be circular or elliptical.
- the length of the Stripline 50 is determined in each case from the required impedance and line conditions.
- FIG 11 is shown on the base plate 12 Arranged outer conductor part 40, which with its one Projection 40a through the base plate in the direction of the low-noise converter be upheld.
- this can Outer conductor part 40 may be screwed to the base plate 12.
- the outer conductor 40 lies with its collar 40b on the Base plate 12 on.
- This collar 40b has a four or Hexagon shape so that it can be held using a wrench can work together.
- the collar 40b closes in Direction of the conductive layers 3, 4, 5 in particular cylindrical part 40c, which with its end face forms the bearing surface for the spacer ring 43.
- the outer conductor part 40 forms together with the inner conductor 42 and that of non-conductive material existing socket 41 a coaxial waveguide Connection of the downstream low-noise converter.
- the The base plate 12 has a projection 40a External thread for attaching the low-noise converter.
- the Thickness of the base plate 43b of the spacer ring 43 together with the length of the cylindrical part 40c and the length of the Collar 40b together corresponds to the distance between the Base plate and the conductive layer 5.
- Additional Spacers 45 hold the base plate 12 and conductive layer 5 at a distance. Using screws 47 the conductive layers 4 and 5 are pressed together or held. For this purpose, the conductive layers 4 and 5 corresponding bores or recesses 46, 30 available.
- Network level 2 also has a corresponding one Hole 24.
- Figure 12 shows the coupling between coaxial Waveguide and the triplate waveguide of the network 1.
- the existing of conductive material connects Spacer ring 43 'the two conductive layers 3, 4 and also penetrates network level 1.
- spacers 45 'and associated screws 47' are the conductive layers 3 and 4 against each other pressurized.
- the conductive outer conductor part 40 ' connects the base plate 12 conductively with the spacer ring 43 ', so that the base plate 12 together with the conductive Layers 3, 4 are at the same potential. All Parts of Figure 12 correspond in function to those of Figure 11. Functionally identical parts are therefore with the same but deleted reference numerals.
- planar antenna Relevant dimensions of the planar antenna are shown below for the reception of waves in the frequency range between 10 GHz and 13 GHz listed.
- the distance between the base plate 12 and the conductive layer 5 is 4 mm and is set by the spacer bushes 45 and the guide bushes 54 according to FIG. 15 and the outer conductor 40 together with the spacer ring 43.
- the space between the base plate 12 and the conductive layer 5 is filled with a foam mat, the ⁇ r of which is approximately equal to 1.
- a polyethylene foam film with a thickness of 1 mm is located between a conductive layer 3, 4, 5 and the respective adjacent coupling network 1 or 2.
- the conductive layers consist of aluminum sheets with a thickness of 0.5 mm. Between the conductive layers 3, 4, 5 there is a coupling network 1 or 2, which is arranged on an optional glass fiber reinforced PTFE film (TLY) or PET film, the relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and the thickness of 127 ⁇ m ,
- the spacer ring 43 has an outer diameter of 12 mm.
- the inner diameter of the axial bore 43c has one Diameter of 5 mm.
- the groove 43d has a width of 6 mm.
- the width of the trunk branches 51 according to FIG. 13 is 2.1 mm, the width of the stripline 50 is 1.2 mm. in the Area of galvanic solder connection between inner conductor 42 and stripline 50, the stripline 50 is thickened executed, in particular by means of circular segment sections, whose radius is 0.85 mm.
- the height of the base plate 43b the spacer ring 43 is 2 mm.
- the height of the protrusions 43a is 2.625 mm.
- the panels have a width and a length of 16 mm each. The corners are rounded the rounding being a segment of a circle with a radius of 5 mm corresponds. The centers of the panels 6 are each 21.5 mm apart.
- the exciting strip conductors 16a for the horizontal plane have a length of 6 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.
- the Distance between the two legs of the U-shaped connecting conductor 33 is 2.3 mm.
- the radius of the circular section is 1.15 mm.
- the distance from the edge 6b of an aperture to Center line of the nearest leg 32, 34 is 1.6 mm.
- the length of the branch 31a is 5 mm.
- the geometry distinguishes the radiation elements for the vertical plane differ only slightly from that of the radiator elements of the Horizontal plane.
- the aperture shape is the same. Also amounts to the length of the stimulating strip line 16b 6 mm.
- the width of the stimulating stripline 16b is 1 mm.
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1:
- eine perspektivische Schnittzeichnung durch die erfindungsgemäße Planarantenne;
- Figur 2 und 3:
- die Kopplungsnetzwerke der Planarantenne;
- Figur 4:
- eine leitfähige Schicht mit matrixförmig angeordneten Blenden;
- Figur 5:
- zwei benachbarte Blenden mit den sie anregenden Streifenleitern, welche mittensymmetrisch in den Blendenraum hineinragen;
- Figur 6:
- zwei benachbarte Blenden mit nicht mittensymmetrisch in den Blendenraum eingreifenden anregenden Streifenleitern;
- Figur 7:
- Überlagerung der beiden Kopplungsnetzwerke samt Darstellung der Blendenräume;
- Figur 8 bis 10:
- beispielhafte Blendenformen;
- Figur 11 und 12:
- Querschnittsdarstellung durch die Kopplungspunkte zwischen koaxialem Wellenleiter und Triplate-Netzwerk;
- Figur 13: Figur 14:
- Draufsicht auf einen Kopplungspunkt; einen Distanzring zur Bildung des Hohlprofilsegmentes;
- Figur 15:
- Führungsbuchse.
- 1,2
- Kopplungsnetzwerke mit anregenden Streifenleitern
- 3,4,5
- leitfähige Schichten mit matrixförmig angeordneten Blenden 6
- 6,6',6''
- Blenden
- 6a
- Zwischenraum zwischen den Blenden
- 6b,6b',6b''
- Kanten der Blende
- 6c,6c'
- abgerundete bzw. abgeschrägte Ecken der Blende
- 7,8,9,10,11
- Dielektrische Schichten
- 12
- Grundplatte
- 13a,14a, 13b,14b
- Zweige des Kopplungsnetzwerks
- 13a',13b',50
- Stammzweig, mit Innenleiter galvanisch verbunden
- 15,15a,15b, 31,31a,31b
- Ast an dem die anregenden Streifenleiter 16,16',16a,16b anschließen
- 16,16', 16a,16b
- anregende Streifenleiter
- 17,22
- Kopplungspunkt; galvanischer Verbindungspunkt zwischen Innenleiter und Stammzweig
- 18,24
- Bohrungen/Aussparung für Schrauben 47,47'
- 19a,19b,25
- Bohrungen für Führungsbuchse 54
- 20,23
- Aussparungen für die das Kopplungsnetzwerk durchgreifenden Vorsprünge 43a,43a' des Distanzrings 43,43'
- 21
- Aussparung für das Außenleiterteil 40'
- 26
- Bohrung für den zylindrischen Teil 40c' des Außenleiterteils 40'
- 27
- Bohrungen für die Distanzbuchsen 45'
- 28
- Bohrung für den zylindrischen Teil 40d des Außenleiterteils 40
- 29
- Bohrung für die das Kopplungsnetzwerk 2 durchgreifenden Vorsprünge 43a des Distanzrings 43
- 30
- Bohrungen
- 32,34
- Schenkel der U-förmigen Anschlußleitung
- 33,33a,33b
- U-förmige Anschlußleitung
- 35,36
- kurze Anschlußleitungen zu den anregenden Streifenleitern
- 40,40'
- Außenleiterteil
- 40a,40a'
- die Grundplatte 12 durchgreifender Teil
- 40b,40b'
- Plan an der Grundplatte 12 anliegender Teil des Außenleiterteils
- 40c,40c'
- Den Kragen bildenden Teil, an dem der Distanzring 43,43' anliegt
- 40d,40d'
- Weiterer Kragen des Außenleiters, der durch die leitende Schicht greift und mit dieser plan abschließt
- 40e,40e'
- Außengewinde zur Befestigung von koaxialen Wellenleitern oder eines Low-Noise-Converters
- 41,41'
- Isolationsbuchse zwischen Innenleiter 42,42' und Außenleiter 40,40'
- 42,42'
- Innenleiter
- 43,43'
- Distanzring
- 43a,43a'
- Die leitfähige Schicht und das Kopplungsnetzwerk durchgreifende Vorsprünge; Bilden die Seitenwände der Nut 43d
- 43b
- Grundplatte des Distanzrings 43
- 43c
- Axiale Bohrung
- 43d
- Das Hohlprofilsegment bildende Nut
- 44,44'
- Lötverbindung zwischen Innenleiter 42,42' und Stammzweig des Kopplungsnetzwerks
- 45,45'
- Distanzstück, insbesondere Nietbuchse, aus leitfähigem oder nicht leitfähigem Material
- 45a,45a'
- In die Grundplatte eingetriebener Abschnitt des Distanzstücks 45,45'
- 45b,45b'
- Innengewinde des Distanzstücks 45,45'
- 46,46'
- Bohrung bzw. Aussparung für die Durchgreifende leitfähige Schraube 47,47'
- 47,47'
- Schraube, aus leitfähigem oder nicht leitfähigem Material
- 47a,47a'
- Außengewinde der Schraube 47
- 47b,47b'
- Kopf der Schraube 47
- 48,48'
- Distanzelement
- 50
- gerader streifenförmiger Leiter; mittensymmetrisch zu den Kanten der durch die Vorsprünge 43a gebildeten Nut 43d des Distanzrings 43
- 51
- Stammzweige des Kopplungsnetzwerkes
- 54
- Führungsbuchse
- 55
- Abschnitt der Führungsbuchse mit vergrößertem Durchmesser zur Einstellung des Abstands zwischen Grundplatte und leitfähiger Schicht 5
- 56
- Sackbohrung mit Innengewinde
- 58
- Anlagefläche an Grundplatte 12
- 59
- Anlagefläche an leitfähige Schicht 5
Claims (26)
- Planarantenne zum Empfang und Senden von linear polarisierten Wellen, mit mindestens einer Strahlerebene mit jeweils mehreren in Zeilen und Spalten angeordneten Strahlerelementen, wobei die Strahlerelemente jeder Strahlerebene über jeweils ein Kopplungsnetzwerk phasen- und amplitudengleich auf jeweils einen zentralen Punkt gekoppelt sind, wobei jedes Strahlerelement Blenden (6) und einen geradlinigen anregenden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) hat, und die anregenden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) jeweils in Zweiergruppen an den Enden der Äste (15,31) der Kopplungsnetzwerke (1,2) angeschlossen sind, wobei die Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) jeder Zweiergruppe auf einer Achse oder achsparallel zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei die zugewandten Enden der beiden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) über jeweils mindestens eine Anschlußleitung (32,33,34,35,36) mit einem Ende eines Asts (15,31) verbunden sind, und daß mittels zumindest einer Anschlußleitung (32,33,34) eines Streifenleiters (16, 16', 16a, 16b) eine Phasendifferenz von 180 Grad zwischen den beiden Strahlerelementen (6,16) erzeugt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die längere der beiden Anschlußleitungen eine U-Form mit zwei parallelen Schenkeln (32,34) hat, wobei das Ende des einen Schenkels (32) an den Ast (15,31) des Kopplungsnetzwerks (1,2) anschließt und sich an das Ende des anderen Schenkels (34) im rechten Winkel ein kurzer Streifenleiter (35) anschließt, an dem sich der anregende Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) anschließt, wobei die u-förmige Anschlußleitung zwischen den beiden Strahlerelementen (6,16) angeordnet ist.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußleitungen sich in der Länge entsprechend einer halben Wellenlänge voneinander unterscheiden.
- Planarantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß flächenparallel in einem bestimmten Abstand zu jedem Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) eine leitfähige Schicht (3,4,5) mit Blenden (6) angeordnet ist, wobei die Blenden (6) jeweils über einem Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) angeordnet sind.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den leitfähigen Schichten (3,4,5) und den Kopplungsnetzwerken (1,2) jeweils mindestens eine dielektrische Schicht (7,8,9,10) angeordnet ist, deren Dicke den Abstand zwischen der jeweiligen leitfähigen Schicht (3,4,5) und des jeweiligen Kopplungsnetzwerks (1,2) bestimmt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) und die anregenden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) auf einer insbesondere glasfaserverstärkten PTFE- oder PET-Folie aufgebracht sind.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anregenden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) einer Zeile auf einer Linie oder achsparallel zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei diese Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) alternierend mit ihrer ersten und mit ihrer zweiten schmalen Stirnseite an das Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) angeschlossen sind.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wellenleiter der Planarantenne in Triplate-Technik ausgebildet sind.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) einen Ein- bzw. Auskopplungspunkt (17,22) hat, wobei die Kopplungspunkte (17,22) als Wellenleiterübergänge zwischen Triplate-Technik und koaxialer Ein- bzw. Auskopplung ausgebildet sind.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blenden (6) rechteckig, insbesondere quadratisch, mit oder ohne abgerundeten oder abgeschrägten Ecken (6c,6c') sind, wobei der Radius der abgerundeten Ecken oder der Grad der Abschrägung unter anderem die Frequenzbandbreite und Eingangsimpedanz bestimmt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontur der Blenden (6) eine Anzahl von n geraden Seiten (6b,6b',6b'') hat, die durch Bögen miteinander verbunden sind.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Berandung der Blenden (6) aus einer Anzahl von n Kreis-, Ellipsen- oder Hyperbelsegmenten zusammensetzt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils ein anregender Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) in den Blenderaum hineinragt, wobei der Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) senkrecht zu der Berandungsseite angeordnet ist, über die er in den Blendenraum hineinragt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anregenden Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) zweier zeilenweise benachbarter Blenden (6) alternierend von den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Kanten (6b,6b',6b'') ausgehend in den Blendenraum führend angeordnet sind.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der geradlinige Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) innerhalb des Blendenraumes aus mehreren geradlinigen Streifenleiterabschnitten gleicher oder differenter Abschnittslänge sowie gleicher oder differenter Abschnittsbreite gebildet ist.
- Planarantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der abschnittförmig ausgeführte Streifenleiter aus galvanisch oder mittels eines Spaltes definierter Spaltbreite gekoppelten Leiterabschnitten gebildet ist.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der anregende Streifenleiter (16, 16', 16a, 16b) mittensymmetrisch oder versetzt zur Berandungsseite des jeweils zugehörigen Blendenraumes angeordnet ist.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zentrale Kopplungspunkt (17,22) derart ausgebildet ist, daß der Innenleiter (42,42') eines koaxialen Wellenleiters, mittels dem die Signale von der Planarantenne hin zum Low-Noise-Converter (LNC) ein- bzw. ausgekoppelt werden, mit dem den Stammzweig (51) bildenden Streifenleiterabschnitt des Kopplungsnetzwerks (1,2) galvanisch in Verbindung ist, wobei der Streifenleiterabschnitt (51) im Bereich der galvanischen Verbindung zum Innenleiter (42,42') geradlinig und mittensymmetrisch durch ein leitfähig berandetes profiliertes Hohlprofilsegment führt.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hohlprofilsegment durch eine leitfähige Verbindung zwischen den das Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) einschließenden Blenden (6) aufweisenden leitfähigen Schichten und diesen selbst gebildet ist.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Distanzring (43,43'), der das Hohlprofilsegment bildet, mit an seiner ersten flachen Seite angeformten Vorsprüngen (43a,43a') definierter Länge die beiden leitfähigen Schichten (3,4;4,5) miteinander leitfähig verbindet, und der Distanzring (43,43') sich auf einem Kragen (40c,40c') des den Außenleiter des koaxialen Wellenleiters bildenden Teils (40,40') mit seiner zweiten flachen Seite abstützt, wobei die Vorsprünge (43a,43a') die eine leitfähige Schicht (4,5) sowie das Kopplungsnetzwerk (1,2) durchgreifen und an der anderen leitfähigen Schicht (3,4) anstoßen.
- Planarantenne nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Distanzring (43,43') einen am Kragen (40c,40c') des Außenleiters (40,40') angrenzenden zylindrischen Vorsprung (40d,40d') umgreift und der zylindrische Vorsprung (40d,40d') eine leitfähige Schicht (4,5) durchgreift und mit deren Oberfläche fluchtend abschließt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 19 oder 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Distanzring (43,43') eine Scheibe mit axialer Bohrung (43c) ist, in deren einer flachen Seite mittensymmetrisch eine Nut (43d) ist, deren Tiefe der Längenaddition der Dicke der einen leitfähigen Schicht (4,5) und des Abstandes der beiden leitfähigen Schichten (3,4;4,5) entspricht.
- Planarantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 19 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das den Außenleiter bildende Teil (40,40') einen weiteren Kragen (40b,40b') hat, welcher an eine leitfähigen Grundplatte (12) anliegt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 19 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das den Außenleiter bildende Teil (40,40') eine axiale Bohrung hat, in der eine nicht leitfähige Buchse (41,41') aus insbesondere PTFE einliegt, in der der Innenleiter (42,42') angeordnet ist, wobei die Buchse mit ihrer einen Stirnseite an die Unterseite des Kopplungsnetzwerks (1,2) anstößt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundplatte (12) und die Blenden (6) aufweisenden leitfähigen Schichten (3,4,5) mittels insbesondere leitfähigen Distanzstücken insbesondere Nietbuchsen, welche in die Grundplatte (12) eingetrieben sind, auf Abstand gehalten werden, wobei die Distanzstücke (45,45') ein Innengewinde (45b,45b') aufweisen, in welches Schrauben (47,47') eingreifen, wobei mittels der Schrauben (47,47') jeweils mit ihrem Kopf eine leitfähige Schicht (3,4) gegen den Distanzring (43,43') druckbeaufschlagt.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Planarantenne zwei flächenparallel zueinander angeordnete Strahlerebenen hat, und die beiden Strahlerebenen zueinander orthogonal polarisierte Wellen empfangen oder abstrahlen.
- Planarantenne nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels eines Polarisierers, welcher über der Planarantenne im Strahlungsraum angeordnet ist, zirkulare Polarisation empfang- bzw. sendbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19712510A DE19712510A1 (de) | 1997-03-25 | 1997-03-25 | Zweilagiger Breitband-Planarstrahler |
DE19712510 | 1997-03-25 | ||
PCT/EP1998/001757 WO1998026642A2 (de) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Breitband-planarstrahler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1104587A2 EP1104587A2 (de) | 2001-06-06 |
EP1104587B1 true EP1104587B1 (de) | 2003-08-20 |
Family
ID=7824570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98917080A Expired - Lifetime EP1104587B1 (de) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Breitband-planarstrahler |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6456241B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1104587B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001524276A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20010005719A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE247870T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU7041498A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2284643A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19712510A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2209128T3 (de) |
IL (1) | IL131994A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998026642A2 (de) |
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-
1997
- 1997-03-25 DE DE19712510A patent/DE19712510A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-03-25 AU AU70414/98A patent/AU7041498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-25 ES ES98917080T patent/ES2209128T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-25 AT AT98917080T patent/ATE247870T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-25 IL IL13199498A patent/IL131994A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-25 JP JP52735298A patent/JP2001524276A/ja active Pending
- 1998-03-25 DE DE59809361T patent/DE59809361D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-25 WO PCT/EP1998/001757 patent/WO1998026642A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-25 KR KR1019997008787A patent/KR20010005719A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-25 EP EP98917080A patent/EP1104587B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-25 US US09/402,001 patent/US6456241B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-25 CA CA002284643A patent/CA2284643A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7041498A (en) | 1998-07-15 |
WO1998026642A3 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
CA2284643A1 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
IL131994A0 (en) | 2001-03-19 |
IL131994A (en) | 2002-04-21 |
EP1104587A2 (de) | 2001-06-06 |
WO1998026642A2 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
ES2209128T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
DE59809361D1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
ATE247870T1 (de) | 2003-09-15 |
DE19712510A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
KR20010005719A (ko) | 2001-01-15 |
JP2001524276A (ja) | 2001-11-27 |
US6456241B1 (en) | 2002-09-24 |
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