EP1103937B1 - Brandmelder - Google Patents

Brandmelder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1103937B1
EP1103937B1 EP99122975A EP99122975A EP1103937B1 EP 1103937 B1 EP1103937 B1 EP 1103937B1 EP 99122975 A EP99122975 A EP 99122975A EP 99122975 A EP99122975 A EP 99122975A EP 1103937 B1 EP1103937 B1 EP 1103937B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire detector
fire
detector according
light source
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99122975A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1103937A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Dr. Thuillard
Erwin Suter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to AT99122975T priority Critical patent/ATE295595T1/de
Priority to ES99122975T priority patent/ES2243027T3/es
Priority to PT99122975T priority patent/PT1103937E/pt
Priority to EP99122975A priority patent/EP1103937B1/de
Priority to DE59912047T priority patent/DE59912047D1/de
Priority to AU65464/00A priority patent/AU777015B2/en
Priority to JP2000344033A priority patent/JP4767404B2/ja
Priority to KR1020000066616A priority patent/KR20010051578A/ko
Priority to CN00132370A priority patent/CN1297213A/zh
Priority to NO20005717A priority patent/NO20005717L/no
Priority to US09/711,818 priority patent/US6788197B1/en
Priority to HU0004474A priority patent/HU224676B1/hu
Priority to CZ20004287A priority patent/CZ301163B6/cs
Priority to PL00343954A priority patent/PL343954A1/xx
Publication of EP1103937A1 publication Critical patent/EP1103937A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1103937B1 publication Critical patent/EP1103937B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
    • G08B29/186—Fuzzy logic; neural networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire detector with a light source, a measuring chamber and a light receiver having optical module, a temperature sensor, a additional sensor for at least one fire gas and an evaluation of the linkage the signals of the individual sensors.
  • the optics module serves for the detection of smoke and the temperature sensor for detection the heat that occurs when a fire occurs.
  • the optics module can either be from Smoke particles scattered or measured by this attenuated light of the light source. In the first case, it is the optical module of a scattered light detector and in the second case that of a point extinction or transmitted light detector. In both cases, the optics module designed so that no disturbing extraneous light and smoke very easily in the measuring chamber can penetrate.
  • the temperature sensor serves both to increase the sensitivity as also to improve the false alarm safety of the scattered light detector.
  • a scattered light detector with A temperature sensor is known, for example, from EP-A-0 654 770.
  • the scattered and transmitted light detectors are extremely sensitive and can cause fires detect with high security.
  • the high sensitivity can in certain cases too False alarms lead, which is undesirable for several reasons. Otherwise, that false alarms at least tend to attract the attention of the security personnel concerned reduce, demands in most countries the fire department and / or the police for False alarms caused a compensation, which may be with the number the false alarms progressively increases. For this reason, enjoy the false alarm safety today with fire detectors very high priority.
  • the invention is now the false alarm safety of the detector with a simultaneous reduction its response time further improved and it should also a more homogeneous Response of the detector can be achieved.
  • Homogeneous response means that the detector should respond to different fires about the same and not on the one type from fire extremely fast and to another extremely slow to not at all.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the inventive fire alarm is characterized characterized in that the transmitter has a fuzzy controller for performing the has said link.
  • the optical module of the fire detector according to the invention can either be designed in such a way that that in the measuring chamber that of smoke particles scattered or weakened by these Light of the light source is measured.
  • it is the detection principle a stray light
  • the Detektioskos a transmitted light detector.
  • It can the scattered light detector as a forward or backward spreader or as a forward and backward spreader be educated.
  • the latter has the advantage that, based on the scatter at different Scattering angle determines which type of smoke is present; see WO-A-84 01,650th
  • the inventive multi-sensor Brandmeider contains and in which for Each kind of firing is provided with a special application specific algorithm Possibility, by linking the signals of the sensors in the fuzzy controller the respective Detect the type of fire and select the appropriate algorithm. This will on the one hand the false alarm (robustness) improves the detector, and on the other hand, by appropriate choice of application-specific algorithms a more balanced response be achieved by the detector.
  • the fuzzy controller monitors whether certain disturbances still lie below the respective alarm thresholds heaped occur.
  • the fuzzy controller can such disturbances to the control center or via a suitable Report communication interface to the operator and in this way indicate potential sources of interference, possibly caused by a wrong application of the detector concerned.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the inventive fire alarm is characterized characterized in that in the fuzzy controller, a connection between the smoke concentration, the Concentration of the flue gas to be detected and one of the gradient of the temperature and the gradient of the flue gas formed parameter takes place.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the inventive fire alarm is characterized characterized in that said parameter by the quotient of the temperature gradient and the flue gas gradient is formed.
  • a fourth preferred embodiment of the inventive fire alarm is characterized characterized in that the additional sensor for a fire gas is a CO sensor.
  • a fifth preferred embodiment of the inventive fire alarm is characterized characterized in that the light source of the optical module for emitting radiation in the wavelength range of visible light is formed.
  • the wavelength is that of the light source emitted radiation in the range of blue or red light and is preferably 460th nm or 660 nm.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the fire detector according to the invention is characterized characterized in that in the beam path between the light source and the light receiver at least a polarizing filter is provided.
  • a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the at least a polarizing filter a so-called active polarizer with electrically adjustable polarization plane is.
  • the active polarizer is formed by a liquid crystal display whose polarization plane is adjustable by applying a voltage.
  • the fire detector 1 shown in an axial section in Fig. 1 is essentially an additional Sensors for fire characteristics of advanced optical smoke detectors, as shown a scattered light detector. Since such optical detectors are assumed to be known, are they are not described here. In this connection, reference is made to EP-A-0 616 305 and EP-A-0 821 330.
  • the optical smoke detector can also by a so-called NOTExtin Needless- or transmitted light detector may be formed, as described for example in EP-A-1 017 034 is described.
  • the fire detector 1 shown consists in a known manner from a detector insert 2, the in a preferably mounted on the ceiling of the space to be monitored socket (not shown) can be fastened, and from a placed over the detector insert 2 detector hood 3, in the area of their in the operating state of the detector directed against the space to be monitored Dome with smoke inlet openings 4 is provided.
  • the detector insert 2 comprises in essentially a box-like base body, facing to the detector tip Side of an optical module 5 and the detector base side facing an evaluation 6 is arranged.
  • the optical module 5 consists essentially of a light source in a scattered light detector 7 and a light receiver 8 containing measuring chamber 9, which by not shown Medium against external light is shielded from the outside.
  • the optical axes of an infrared or a red or blue light emitting diode (IRED or LED) formed light source 7 and the Light receiver 8 are kinked to each other, with this course and by blinding prevents light rays on the direct route from the light source 7 to the light receiver 8 can get.
  • the light source 7 sends short, intense light pulses in the central part the measuring chamber 9, wherein the light receiver 8, although this central part of the measuring chamber 9, but not the light source 7 "sees".
  • the light of the light source 7 is scattered by penetrating into the scattering room smoke, and a Part of this scattered light is incident on the light receiver 8.
  • the receiver signal generated thereby is processed by the transmitter 6.
  • the receiver signal becomes compared in a known manner with an alarm threshold and at least one pre-alarm threshold, and the transmitter 6 are at the alarm threshold exceeded by the receiver signal at an output 10 from an alarm signal. It is through intelligent signal processing Ensures that the delivery of the alarm signal at the lowest possible smoke values follows, but without unacceptable false alarms.
  • a so-called active polarizer 11 which is a polarizer with a rotatable plane of polarization, provided be able to measure the light scattering in the two polarization planes.
  • This active Polarizer is preferably by an electronic polarizing plate with a liquid crystal formed, which rotates their polarization plane by 90 ° when applying a voltage. The measurement the polarization degree, that is the polarized scattered light in the two polarization planes, can shorten the response time of the detector 1 to certain test fire and thereby to lead to a more homogeneous response.
  • the fire detector 1 in addition to the optical module 5 contains two more sensors for fire parameters, namely a CO sensor (in general: fire gas sensor) 12 and a temperature sensor 13.
  • a suitable CO sensor is in the EP -B-0 612 408 (see also EP-A-0 803 850), as temperature sensors have NTC thermistors proven (see the smoke detector PolyRex the fire detection system AlgoRex - PolyRex and AlgoRex are registered trademarks of Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division, formerly Cerberus AG).
  • the table also shows that the parameters CO concentration, quotient Gradient CO is individually diagnosed by gradient T and smoke concentration all six types of fire can be. This means that with the help of these parameters the signature of a fire clearly is recognizable.
  • the parameters also allow CO concentration, degree of polarization and smoke concentration a determination of the type of fire, but with the exception of TF6, which can not be recognized by these parameters.
  • the measurement of the degree of polarization In addition has the advantage that even in cases where the temperature is not fast Enough is rising, the kind of fire can be detected. This case can be, for example, in high rooms enter.
  • the signals of the three sensors, optical module 5 for the smoke concentration and the degree of polarization, CO sensor 12 and temperature sensor 13, a component of the evaluation 6 forming diagnostic stage 14 is supplied, which in essentially contains a fuzzy controller.
  • the diagnostic stage 14 the signals of Sen-. sensors are linked and analyzed, and the type of fire is determined from this analysis. After all the appropriate algorithm for the respective type of fire is selected and for the evaluation the sensor signals used.
  • the fuzzy controller can also be used for Diagnostic purposes, used to display problems.
  • the optical module 5 of the inventive fire detector corresponds functionally one usual scattered light detectors with forward or backward scattering, or a scattered light detector with forward and backward sweep, or a point extinction or transmitted light detector.
  • One An essential component of the inventive fire detector is the sensor 12 for the at least a combustion gas, which is preferably a CO sensor.
  • Such fire detectors are, for example, the so-called linear smoke detectors or Beam detectors such as the DLO1191 type from Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division, and the flame detectors, such as the DF1190 type from Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP99122975A 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder Expired - Lifetime EP1103937B1 (de)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99122975T ATE295595T1 (de) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder
ES99122975T ES2243027T3 (es) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Detector de incendios.
PT99122975T PT1103937E (pt) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Detector de incendios
EP99122975A EP1103937B1 (de) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder
DE59912047T DE59912047D1 (de) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder
AU65464/00A AU777015B2 (en) 1999-11-19 2000-10-12 Fire alarm
KR1020000066616A KR20010051578A (ko) 1999-11-19 2000-11-10 화재 경보기
JP2000344033A JP4767404B2 (ja) 1999-11-19 2000-11-10 火災アラーム装置
CN00132370A CN1297213A (zh) 1999-11-19 2000-11-13 火灾报警器
NO20005717A NO20005717L (no) 1999-11-19 2000-11-13 Brannvarsler
US09/711,818 US6788197B1 (en) 1999-11-19 2000-11-13 Fire alarm
HU0004474A HU224676B1 (hu) 1999-11-19 2000-11-13 Tűzjelző
CZ20004287A CZ301163B6 (cs) 1999-11-19 2000-11-16 Hlásic požáru
PL00343954A PL343954A1 (en) 1999-11-19 2000-11-17 Fire detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99122975A EP1103937B1 (de) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1103937A1 EP1103937A1 (de) 2001-05-30
EP1103937B1 true EP1103937B1 (de) 2005-05-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99122975A Expired - Lifetime EP1103937B1 (de) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Brandmelder

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US6788197B1 (cs)
EP (1) EP1103937B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP4767404B2 (cs)
KR (1) KR20010051578A (cs)
CN (1) CN1297213A (cs)
AT (1) ATE295595T1 (cs)
AU (1) AU777015B2 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ301163B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE59912047D1 (cs)
ES (1) ES2243027T3 (cs)
HU (1) HU224676B1 (cs)
NO (1) NO20005717L (cs)
PL (1) PL343954A1 (cs)
PT (1) PT1103937E (cs)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2243027T3 (es) 2005-11-16
KR20010051578A (ko) 2001-06-25
DE59912047D1 (de) 2005-06-16
JP2001175963A (ja) 2001-06-29
HU0004474D0 (cs) 2001-01-29
EP1103937A1 (de) 2001-05-30
CZ20004287A3 (cs) 2001-07-11
NO20005717L (no) 2001-05-21
ATE295595T1 (de) 2005-05-15
HU224676B1 (hu) 2005-12-28
JP4767404B2 (ja) 2011-09-07
PL343954A1 (en) 2001-05-21
HUP0004474A2 (hu) 2001-06-28
CZ301163B6 (cs) 2009-11-25
AU777015B2 (en) 2004-09-30
HUP0004474A3 (en) 2004-08-30
PT1103937E (pt) 2005-09-30
NO20005717D0 (no) 2000-11-13
CN1297213A (zh) 2001-05-30
US6788197B1 (en) 2004-09-07
AU6546400A (en) 2001-05-17

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