EP1085532A1 - Elektromagnetischer Antrieb mit zwei Rückstellfedern - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer Antrieb mit zwei Rückstellfedern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1085532A1
EP1085532A1 EP00410104A EP00410104A EP1085532A1 EP 1085532 A1 EP1085532 A1 EP 1085532A1 EP 00410104 A EP00410104 A EP 00410104A EP 00410104 A EP00410104 A EP 00410104A EP 1085532 A1 EP1085532 A1 EP 1085532A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
stop
fixed core
core
active position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00410104A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1085532B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Baginski
Daniel Rota
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP1085532A1 publication Critical patent/EP1085532A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1085532B1 publication Critical patent/EP1085532B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a trip device for electrical switchgear.
  • FIG. 7 represents an actuator known from the state of the art.
  • This actuator 110 comprises a fixed magnetic circuit 112 of ferromagnetic material formed by a carcass, closed at one end on a fixed core 122.
  • a mobile assembly 114 is capable of sliding parallel to a fixed geometric axis and comprises a core mobile 116 and a rod 118 associated with the mobile core and passing axially through a opening of the fixed core 122.
  • a helical compression spring 140 recalls the moving element 114 towards a rest position.
  • a coil with two fixed windings 130, 132 is mounted inside the carcass and surrounds the movable core 116. This winding is capable of generating in the circuit magnetic a magnetic control flux so as to train the moving part towards the fixed core, against the action of the spring 140 to an active position.
  • Such a device is conventionally used in current emission trip devices (MX) as well as a closing electromagnet (XF) of a circuit breaker.
  • MX current emission trip devices
  • XF closing electromagnet
  • an inrush current flowing in the two coils 130, 132 causes displacement of the movable core 116 and, consequently, of the rod 118 which then projects outwards, thus allowing either the opening of the circuit breaker associated in the case of a current emission release (MX), i.e. its closing in the case of a closing electromagnet (XF). So it's electromagnetic energy supplied by the coils 130, 132 during the call phase which causes the actuation of the circuit breaker.
  • MX current emission release
  • XF closing electromagnet
  • the rod 118 must be able to do the work mechanical necessary to move the lock with which it is associated, this work corresponding to the energy supplied by the winding 130, 132 in the call phase.
  • the call phase is followed by a hold phase, during which only one of the two coils 130, 132 is supplied.
  • a minimum axial air gap is maintained by the interposition of a spacer 141 between the movable core and the fixed core.
  • the dimensioning of the various elements, in particular of the spring and the minimum air gap in the active position is difficult.
  • the potential energy of the spring contracted which alone ensures return to the rest position, must be large enough to defeat remanent magnetic energy.
  • the presence of the air gap makes it possible to limit the bonding effect but it induces a risk of unwanted takeoff, that is to say of return involuntary towards the rest position, in particular in response to a mechanical shock on the rod or significant vibration of the moving part. If we choose to decrease the air gap, the potential energy of the spring must therefore be increased accordingly reminder, so that we also increase the call energy necessary to bring the moving part in the active position.
  • the effect of the spring with less stiffness is predominant, so that the moving part is subjected to a significant acceleration.
  • the kinetic energy accumulated by the moving part is important.
  • the axial air gap is reduced, so that during the second phase of activation, contraction of the second spring is possible.
  • the zero gap between the movable core against the fixed core contributes to a decrease in the supply energy of the winding necessary to maintain the actuator in the active position. It allows to provide better resistance to shocks and mechanical vibrations.
  • the increase in the magnetic remanence effect which results from the absence of air gap is compensated by the second spring.
  • the first spring is disposed between the fixed core and the movable stop
  • the second spring is disposed between the movable stop and the movable assembly, so that in the first part of the stroke, the two springs cooperate in series, and that in the second part of the stroke, only the second spring continues to work.
  • k 1 is the stiffness of the first spring and k 2 that of the second spring
  • the stiffness of the system in the first phase is k 1 k 2 / (k 1 + k 2 ), a value which will be all the closer to k 1 that k 2 will be large before k 1 .
  • the stiffness of the system is worth k 2 .
  • This series arrangement is particularly advantageous when it is sought to reduce the radial dimensions of the actuator and the diameter of the coil as a priority.
  • the first spring is disposed between the fixed core and the movable assembly while the second spring is disposed between the fixed core and the second stop, so that in the first part of the stroke, the first spring is only working and that in the second part of the stroke, the two springs cooperate in parallel.
  • the stiffness in the first phase is then equal to k 1
  • the stiffness in the second phase is equal to k 1 + k 2 , a value which is all the closer to k 2 as k 2 becomes larger before k 1 .
  • the ratio k 1 / k 2 is less than 1/10, for example of the order of 1/20. It is clear that the displacement / force characteristic obtained by two springs is sharper than what a single spring of variable stiffness could offer, which makes it possible to respond optimally to the non-linearity and the remanence of the magnetic circuit. , by using only standard parts of reduced cost.
  • a high sensitivity electromagnetic actuator 10 for electric circuit breaker comprises a non-polarized fixed magnetic circuit 12, cooperating with a movable assembly 14 formed by a movable core 16 sliding associated with an actuator 18 made of non-magnetic material.
  • the magnetic circuit is formed by a ferromagnetic carcass 20 in the form of a frame, enclosing on one side on a fixed core 22 of ferromagnetic material, and on the side opposite on a tubular sheath 24 of ferromagnetic material extending axially towards the inside of the carcass 20 and surrounding a part of the movable core 16 with interposition of a uniform radial air gap.
  • the fixed core 22 has a bore axial through widening towards the inside of the carcass by a first recess 25 and a second chamber 26.
  • Two control coils 30, 32 are mounted coaxially end to end in a cylindrical sheath 34 of insulating material, inside the carcass 20.
  • the actuating member 18 consists of a holding rod 36 and a rod pusher 38 disposed axially in the extension of one another and separated by a collar 39.
  • the tubular sheath 24 and the bore of the fixed core 22 determine a geometric axis guide of the moving crew.
  • the movable core 16 slides axially inside sheath 24 between a rest position and an active position.
  • the moving core is provided with an axial through bore, for housing the holding rod 36 of the actuating member 18.
  • the bore of the movable core makes, on the side facing the fixed core 22, a seat serving as a seat for the collar 39 of the actuating member 18.
  • the push rod 38 extends outside the carcass through the fixed core 22.
  • the bore of the fixed core 22 forms an axial guide for the push rod 38.
  • the rod pusher 38 is intended to cooperate, directly or via a striker fitted at its end, with a lock (not shown) of a mechanism of a circuit breaker.
  • the first recess 25 of the fixed core 22 forms a seat on which rests a end of a first compression return spring 40 and a housing for the spring 40.
  • the other end of the spring 40 is supported on a washer 42 free to move axially on the push rod 38.
  • the second recess 26 of the fixed core 22 forms a bearing for the washer 42 between the intermediate position of FIG. 2 and the active position of FIG. 3.
  • a second compression spring 44 carries by a end on the collar 39 of the actuating member and by the other end on the washer 42.
  • the first spring 40 has a stiffness whose value k 1 is much less than the stiffness k 2 of the second spring 44.
  • the ratio k 1 / k 2 is less than 1/10, for example of the order of 1 / 20.
  • the two control coils 30, 32 form part of an excitation circuit 48 of the type known visible in FIG. 4, and described for example in document FR-A-2 290 009, with a four-element rectifier bridge 50, of the Graetz type, allowing either DC or AC power supply.
  • a first of the two coils, called call coil 30, in coarse wire, is placed in the diagonal called current continuous from the bridge.
  • the other diagonal is coupled to the power supply continuous or alternating via an isolation contact 52.
  • the other coil, called holding coil 32, in fine wire is connected in parallel on the branch of the circuit consisting of bridge 50 and isolation contact 52.
  • a general contact 54 conditions the circuit supply.
  • the isolation contact 52 closed when the the actuator and open when the moving part has arrived in the vicinity of its position active, conditions the power supply to the bridge.
  • the closing of the main contact 54 and of the isolation contact 52 causes the two coils 30, 32 to be fed.
  • the magnetic flux generates forces which propel the mobile core 16 to the right in FIGS. 1 to 3. These electromagnetic forces are fully transmitted to the actuating member 18 then to the washer 42 via the second spring 44, then to the fixed core 22 via the first spring 40.
  • the two springs 40, 44 are subjected to the same forces - if we neglect the very low mass of the washer 42 - but the deformation of the first spring 40 is preponderant compared to that of the second spring 44, due to the difference in stiffness.
  • the equivalent stiffness of the assembly constituted by the two springs in this phase is indeed worth k 1 k 2 / (k 1 + k 2 ), a value which will be all the closer to k 1 as k 2 is large in front of k 1 .
  • the 2 to 3 mm stroke following to abscissa B constitute the useful race during which the end of the push rod strikes a latch of a circuit breaker mechanism and causes its pivoting.
  • This lock can be an opening lock, if the actuator is integrated into a current release release (MX), or a closing lock, if the actuator is integrated with a closing command (XF). In all cases, it is therefore the energy electromagnetic supplied by the excitation circuit, and possibly partly kinetic energy accumulated during the previous dead race and transmitted during the percussion, which cause the lock state to change.
  • the antagonistic action of the return spring system 40, 44 is very weak, due to its equivalent low stiffness.
  • the first spring comes to lodge entirely in the first recess 25 of the fixed core 22 and the washer 42 abuts in contact with the bearing surface formed by the second recess 26. Beyond this position, the behavior of the device changes.
  • the continued movement of the moving element 14 towards its active position, at the abscissa E corresponding to the position shown in FIG. 3, causes additional deformation of the only second spring 44, and the equivalent stiffness of the system is equal to the stiffness k 2 of the second spring 44, hence the change in slope of the curve 64.
  • the axial air gap between the movable core 16 and the fixed core 22 is reduced until it is canceled out in FIG. 3.
  • the isolation contact 52 opens at the abscissa D, so that only the holding coil 32 remains energized, generating a sufficient magnetic flux to maintain the moving element 14 in position active, against the cumulative force of the first spring 40 and the second spring 44 which are housed in the second recess 26.
  • the potential energy of the second spring 44 is sufficient to cause detachment of the movable core 16 despite the residual field in the magnetic circuit 12.
  • the first spring 40 by relaxing, provides the work residual mechanics necessary for the return of the moving assembly 14 to its position of rest.
  • the excitation circuit can take any known form allowing the application of a high power sufficient to drive the moving part from its rest position to its active position during a call phase, then of a lower power, sufficient to keeping the moving part in the active position during a holding phase.
  • the end of the call phase can be controlled by the movement of the moving equipment, as described for example in the first embodiment, or not, as described by example in document FR-A-2 133 652.
  • the windings can be connected by series rather than parallel, as described in document FR-A-2 290 010.
  • the difference in excitation between the two phases can also be obtained with a single coil, which can be ordered by the network during the call phase and then in the form chopped by a pulse generator in the holding phase.
  • the two springs can be arranged in various ways to obtain the desired differentiation between the first part of the stroke, during which the assembly of the two springs behaves like a spring whose characteristic is approximately or exactly equal to that of the spring. of lower stiffness, and the second part of the stroke, during which the assembly of the two springs behaves like a spring whose characteristic is approximately or exactly equal to that of the spring of higher stiffness.
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents an alternative embodiment, in the rest position, in the intermediate position and in the active position.
  • the lower stiffness spring 40 is the only one working during the first part of the stroke whereas in the second part of the stroke the two springs 40, 44 work in parallel, with an equivalent stiffness k 1 + k 2 , which is d 'as close to k 2 as the latter value is large before k 1 .
  • the washer 42 acts as a movable stop and cooperates with a stop constituted by a recess of the movable core 16.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP00410104A 1999-09-15 2000-08-30 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb mit zwei Rückstellfedern Expired - Lifetime EP1085532B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9911696 1999-09-15
FR9911696A FR2798506B1 (fr) 1999-09-15 1999-09-15 Actionneur electromagnetique muni de deux ressorts de rappel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1085532A1 true EP1085532A1 (de) 2001-03-21
EP1085532B1 EP1085532B1 (de) 2007-08-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00410104A Expired - Lifetime EP1085532B1 (de) 1999-09-15 2000-08-30 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb mit zwei Rückstellfedern

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6265957B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1085532B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001103724A (de)
DE (1) DE60035748T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2798506B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1265259A1 (de) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-11 Isuzu Motors Limited Elektromagnetischer Betätiger
FR2940510A1 (fr) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-25 Hager Electro Sas Dispositif de declenchement magnetique pour appareil de protection de ligne a au moins deux poles proteges
CN101783225B (zh) * 2010-02-08 2011-09-28 冶金自动化研究设计院 一种冲击式电磁铁
FR2990483A1 (fr) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-15 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas Dispositif de verrouillage pour un systeme de transmission du mouvement d'au moins une came a au moins une soupape

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DE19953788A1 (de) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetischer Aktuator
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GB0129814D0 (en) * 2001-12-13 2002-01-30 Gingerich Newton R Operable latch
DE10208703C1 (de) * 2002-02-25 2003-07-03 Siemens Ag Magnetantrieb für einen Leistungsschalter
ITAR20020027A1 (it) * 2002-07-23 2004-01-23 Dr Gianfranco Natali Attuatore elettromeccanico per la regolazione del turbocompressore dei motori a combustione interna.
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US6737766B1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2004-05-18 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Magnetic actuator and method
US7518269B2 (en) 2005-03-18 2009-04-14 Ls Industrial Systems Co., Ltd. Actuator using permanent magnet
EP1901655B1 (de) * 2005-07-13 2018-12-19 Roche Diabetes Care GmbH Lanzettenvorrichtung
US7598830B2 (en) * 2007-04-09 2009-10-06 Eaton Corporation Electromagnetic coil apparatus employing a magnetic flux enhancer, and accessory and electrical switching apparatus employing the same
KR100784220B1 (ko) * 2007-05-08 2007-12-10 김영국 전자석 코일
WO2008145625A2 (en) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-04 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Test system for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a body fluid
JP2007333216A (ja) * 2007-08-24 2007-12-27 Kawasaki Precision Machinery Ltd 弁装置
DE102008034609B4 (de) * 2008-07-25 2010-06-10 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Elektromagnet
US8118824B2 (en) * 2008-09-16 2012-02-21 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Magnetic powered lancing drive
US8786387B2 (en) 2011-07-06 2014-07-22 Thomas & Betts International, Inc. Magnetic actuator
DE102011108464A1 (de) * 2011-07-23 2013-01-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bistabiler Hubmagnet für Lenkungsverriegelungen
JP6071376B2 (ja) * 2012-09-21 2017-02-01 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
JP5772899B2 (ja) * 2013-06-03 2015-09-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電磁アクチュエータ
ES2838681T3 (es) * 2014-12-03 2021-07-02 Hydralectric Group Ltd Válvula proporcional, ducha eléctrica que incorpora la válvula proporcional y grifo que incorpora la misma
CN105895298B (zh) * 2014-12-12 2018-10-19 天津市智为电子科技有限公司 一种电磁铁
CN104485195B (zh) * 2014-12-24 2017-03-15 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 一种带有缓冲结构的电磁铁
CN104681369B (zh) * 2015-02-10 2017-03-15 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 电子式漏电保护开关脱扣装置
RU2604356C1 (ru) * 2015-06-08 2016-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Курганский государственный университет" Импульсный электромагнитный привод
DE102015121033A1 (de) * 2015-07-23 2017-01-26 Epcos Ag Magnetanker, Schütz mit Magnetanker und Verfahren zum Schalten eines Schützes
CN106486325B (zh) * 2016-11-24 2018-04-13 贵州泰永长征技术股份有限公司 一种自复式过欠压保护结构
CN113051736B (zh) * 2021-03-16 2022-07-12 长沙理工大学 一种比例电磁铁复位弹簧刚度设计方法

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1265259A1 (de) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-11 Isuzu Motors Limited Elektromagnetischer Betätiger
US6590483B2 (en) 2001-06-08 2003-07-08 Isuzu Motors Limited Electromagnetic solenoid actuator
FR2940510A1 (fr) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-25 Hager Electro Sas Dispositif de declenchement magnetique pour appareil de protection de ligne a au moins deux poles proteges
CN101783225B (zh) * 2010-02-08 2011-09-28 冶金自动化研究设计院 一种冲击式电磁铁
FR2990483A1 (fr) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-15 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas Dispositif de verrouillage pour un systeme de transmission du mouvement d'au moins une came a au moins une soupape

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60035748D1 (de) 2007-09-13
FR2798506A1 (fr) 2001-03-16
DE60035748T2 (de) 2008-04-24
FR2798506B1 (fr) 2001-11-09
EP1085532B1 (de) 2007-08-01
US6265957B1 (en) 2001-07-24
JP2001103724A (ja) 2001-04-13

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