EP0662697B1 - Verfahren zur Steuerung eines bistabilen elektromagnetischen Stellgliedes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Steuerung eines bistabilen elektromagnetischen Stellgliedes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0662697B1
EP0662697B1 EP94402896A EP94402896A EP0662697B1 EP 0662697 B1 EP0662697 B1 EP 0662697B1 EP 94402896 A EP94402896 A EP 94402896A EP 94402896 A EP94402896 A EP 94402896A EP 0662697 B1 EP0662697 B1 EP 0662697B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
armature
cut
electromagnets
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94402896A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0662697A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Venuti
Jacques Beroff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Publication of EP0662697A1 publication Critical patent/EP0662697A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling an actuator.
  • electromagnetic bistable intended for example for the control of a valve of an internal combustion engine. It relates to also a control device and an actuator specially designed for carrying out this process.
  • the actuators concerned are of the known type with two stable states respectively obtained by the excitation of the coil of two electromagnets (FIGS. 1 a to 1 c ) in the air gap of which a movable armature is arranged (EP-A-376,716 ).
  • the time difference ⁇ T must be suitably chosen. If this time is too short, the energy accumulated by the movable armature can cause rebounds, if it is too large the capture may not take place.
  • the invention proposes to overcome the above drawbacks in a method for controlling an electromechanical actuator with two stable active positions and one rest position, actuator of the type comprising a movable armature linked to a member to be actuated, for example a valve of a internal combustion, this armature being arranged, in the air gap separating a first and a second electromagnets identical placed opposite, equidistant at rest from two electromagnets thanks to the opposing restoring forces of two identical springs, a process in which the switching of one to the other active position is carried out by controlling the excitation of the second electromagnet when a time ⁇ T, predetermined for normal operating conditions, has elapsed since the power cut command excitation of the first electromagnet and vice versa.
  • the interruption of the excitation current of the second electromagnet is controlled during the passage of the armature movable by a reference position which corresponds advantageously in the rest position of the frame.
  • the duration of the cut is calculated as a function of the elapsed time T C - T P between the instant T C of the start of the cut and the instant T P of the normal end of the previous command.
  • the duration ⁇ T C of the cutoff is an increasing function of the elapsed time T c - T P.
  • a device for implementing the method according to the invention is of the type comprising an actuator electromechanical, with two stable active positions and one rest position, including the movable armature linked to a member to actuate is arranged in the air gap of two electromagnets identical placed vis-à-vis in a housing and means of switching of the control magnets currents, and characterized in that it includes means for generating and deliver a signal to the switching means during the passage of the movable armature at a predetermined position of its travel.
  • the means for generating and delivering the signal have a position sensor linked to the housing the actuator which can advantageously be arranged, for detect the passage of the movable frame, equidistant from two electromagnets.
  • FIGS. 1 a , 1 b and 1 c A known electromechanical actuator with two stable positions and a rest position is shown in FIGS. 1 a , 1 b and 1 c and designated by the general reference 1.
  • a movable frame 3 consisting of a plate made of magnetic sheet is placed in the air gap e comprised between the two electromagnets arranged opposite.
  • Two identical helical springs 31 and 32 are arranged along the axis XX of the actuator on either side of the plate 3 so as to keep it at rest, that is to say when none of the coils is excited, equidistant from the two electromagnets ( Figure 1a).
  • the rod 5 disposed axially and fixed to the center of the plate 3 is connected to the member to be controlled, not shown.
  • Figure 1b shows a first stable position obtained when the coil 21 of the electromagnet 11 is energized while the coil 22 of the electromagnet 12 is not.
  • the armature 3 is in this case bonded to the armature of the electromagnet 11.
  • FIG. 1 c shows the second stable position obtained when the coil 22 is energized while the coil 21 is not.
  • the armature 3 is in this case bonded to the armature of the electromagnet 12.
  • the method usually used for switching from the first stable position to the second stable position will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2 a to 2 d .
  • the first position of the armature 3 is represented from O to T1 by the ordinate P1 and the second position by the ordinate P2 reached at time T2 .
  • the current control signals in the coils 21 and 22 are designated respectively by A1 and A2 . At state 1 of these signals the corresponding coil is energized.
  • the current of the coil 21 is first cut by passing the sienal A1 from state 1 to state O.
  • a certain time ⁇ T after this cut-off the current I of the coil 22 is controlled by passing the signal A2 from state O to state 1 and the charge of the coil 22 changes as shown in FIG. 2 d .
  • the time difference ⁇ T must be suitably chosen to avoid non-sticking of the armature (FIG. 3 a ), if the magnetic energy is insufficient, or rebounds ( Figure 3b ), if there is excess energy.
  • the operating conditions linked to the vehicle cause variations in the inrush current shown in FIG. 2 d , for example during a start-up at cold and / or if the battery charge is not optimal.
  • the procedure is to remedy these drawbacks in the manner which will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 5 a to 5 e .
  • the origin of the abscissa represents the instant when the coil of the electromagnet corresponding to the stable state previously produced is de-energized by passage of the corresponding control signal from state 1 to state O to l 'instant T P.
  • the control of the excitation of the other electromagnet is advanced with respect to the predetermined time ⁇ t (FIG. 5 b ) for optimal operation under normal conditions, as already explained, at time T a (FIG. 5 c ) .
  • the excitation current of this electromagnet is then cut at an instant T c determined by the displacement of the movable armature 3, for example during its passage through a point P R intermediate of its stroke from P1 to P2 (figure 5 a ).
  • the excitation current is then restored after a cut-off duration calculated as a function of the movement of the armature 3, for example as a function of the time elapsed between the cut at T P and the passage of the armature 3 through the reference position. P R.
  • the reference position P R will preferably be chosen equidistant from the two electromagnets and more generally it will correspond to the rest position of the movable frame 3 ( Figure 1 a ).
  • the duration of the cutoff as a function of the speed of movement of the reinforcement 3 is determined experimentally as a function operating characteristics of the member to be controlled.
  • ⁇ T C will be an increasing function of T c - T P.
  • the magnetic force is thus properly metered to avoid rebounds of the plate 3 while leaving a sufficient margin to compensate for disturbances in the movement of the plate.
  • I nit is the time which elapses between the end of the command of the previously excited coil and the moment when the plate 3 actually takes off from the magnetic circuit of this coil.
  • the device (FIG. 4) comprises an actuator 1 of the type described above and further comprising a position sensor 6 capable of emitting an electrical signal when the armature 3 passes to its rest position.
  • a control system 7 receives, in addition to the usual information for example coming from the control electronics of an internal combustion engine whose actuator 1 controls a valve, the signal emitted by the sensor 6 when the armature passes 3.
  • the system 7 produces the logic signals A1 and A2 controlling the coils 21 and 22 respectively, by means of a power stage 8.
  • the end of command A1 of the previously energized coil must first be identified, for example by carrying out edge detection.
  • the instant T P thus identified is chosen as the origin.
  • An up-down counter is then initialized to the value Init and then counted down, when the counter reaches zero, up to the time T C of passage of the plate 3 in front of the detector 6 is counted using a first clock.
  • T c -T P - Init at the output of the up-down counter.
  • the start of the dip is simultaneously triggered at time T c and a countdown is then made with a second clock.
  • the senor 6 is inserted in the outer wall of the housing 10 equidistant from the armatures of the coils 11 and 12.
  • a valve V and its seat S are shown in the intermediate position corresponding to the rest state of the actuator.
  • the valve stem coincides with the rod 5 driven by the movable frame 3.
  • the equilibrium position P1 corresponds to the closed valve and the position P2 when it is fully open.
  • the springs 31 and 32 are supported respectively, by their opposite end to the plate 3, on the housing 10 and on the engine cylinder head C.
  • the actuator usually comprises means for adjustment of the closing position of the valve V in support on its seat S.
  • These means may include wedges or washers 102 arranged under the flange 101 of the housing 10 before fixing on cylinder head C by screws such as 103.
  • It also usually comprises means for adjusting the the zero position corresponding to the rest state.
  • These means may consist of a screw 104 cooperating with a corresponding thread of the housing 10 and on which takes support the end of the spring 31 opposite the plate 3. The axial displacement of the support constituted by the screw 104 allows thus to adjust the rest position of the plate 3. After adjustment, screw 104 is blocked by a lock nut 105.
  • the senor 6 is centered in a bore of a cylindrical spacer 106 which determines the width of the air gap e between the armatures of the electromagnets 11,12, this air gap defining the total stroke of the plate 3 between its two extreme stable positions P1, P2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zur Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Stellgliedes (1) mit zwei aktiven stabilen Stellungen und einer Ruhestellung, wobei das Stellglied vom Typ mit einem beweglichen Anker (3) ist, der mit der zu betätigenden Einrichtung, beispielsweise einem Ventil (V) eines Verbrennungsmotors verbunden ist, wobei dieser Anker in dem Luftspalt (e), der einen ersten und einen zweiten identischen, gegenüber angeordneten Elektromagneten (11, 12) trennt, im Ruhezustand mit gleichen Abständen zu den zwei Elektromagneten aufgrund der entgegengesetzten Rückstellkräfte von zwei identischen Federn (31, 32) angeordnet ist, Verfahren, in dem das Umschalten von der einen zur anderen aktiven Stellung ausgeführt wird, indem der zweite Elektromagnet angeregt wird, wenn eine Zeit ΔT, die für die normalen Betriebsbedingungen vorbestimmt ist, nach dem Unterbrechen des Anregestromes des ersten Elektromagnetes verstrichen ist und umgekehrt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    a)- Vorverschieben des Anregungsbefehls des zweiten Elektromagnetes im bezug auf die Zeit AT, die für einen optimalen Betrieb unter normalen Bedingungen vorbestimmt ist;
    b)- Unterbrechen des Anregestromes des zweiten Elektromagneten zu einem Zeitpunkt, der durch die Verschiebungsgeschwindigkeit des beweglichen Gliedes (3,5) bestimmt wird;
    c)- Wiederherstellen des Anregestromes nach einer Unterbrechungszeitdauer ΔTc in abnehmender Abhängigkeit von der Verschiebungsgeschwindigkeit des beweglichen Gliedes.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterbrechung des Anregestroms des zweiten Elektromagneten durch Durchgang des beweglichen Ankers durch eine Referenzstellung (PR) gesteuert wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Referenzposition (PR) der Ruhestellung des Ankers (3) entspricht.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterbrechungszeitdauer in Abhängigkeit von der zwischen dem Zeitpunkt Tc des Unterbrechungsbeginnes und dem Zeitpunkt TP des Endes der vorgenannten Betätigung verstrichenen Zeit Tc-TP berechnet wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zeitdauer ΔTc des Unterbrechens eine ansteigende Funktion der Zeit Tc-Tp ist.
  6. Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, mit einem elektromagnetischen Stellglied (1) mit zwei aktiven stabilen Stellungen und einer Ruhestellung, bei der der bewegliche Anker, der mit der zu betätigenden Einrichtung (V) verbunden ist, in dem Luftspalt (e) von zwei identischen Elektromagneten (11, 12) angeordnet ist, die einander gegenüber in einem Gehäuse (10) angeordnet sind, und mit Einrichtungen zum Umschalten der Steuerströme der Elektromagneten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Einrichtungen (6) aufweist, um beim Durchgang des beweglichen Ankers bei einer vorbestimmten Stellung (PR) seines Verlaufes ein Signal zu erzeugen und an die Umschalteinrichtungen abzugeben.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen und Abgeben des Signals einen Positionsaufnehmer (6) aufweisen, der mit dem Gehäuse des Stellgliedes verbunden ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aufnehmer (6) angeordnet ist, um den Durchgang des beweglichen Ankers (3) bei gleichem Abstand zu den zwei Elektromagneten zu erfassen.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aufnehmer (6) in die äußere Wand des Gehäuses (10) eingesetzt ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aufnehmer (6) in einem Zwischenstück (106) zentriert ist, das den Gesamtweg der Platte (3) zwischen seinen zwei stabilen Endstellungen (P1, P2) begrenzt.
EP94402896A 1994-01-07 1994-12-15 Verfahren zur Steuerung eines bistabilen elektromagnetischen Stellgliedes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0662697B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400103A FR2714998B1 (fr) 1994-01-07 1994-01-07 Procédé de commande d'un actionneur électromagnétique bistable et dispositif pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
FR9400103 1994-01-07

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0662697A1 EP0662697A1 (de) 1995-07-12
EP0662697B1 true EP0662697B1 (de) 1998-04-08

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EP94402896A Expired - Lifetime EP0662697B1 (de) 1994-01-07 1994-12-15 Verfahren zur Steuerung eines bistabilen elektromagnetischen Stellgliedes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

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EP (1) EP0662697B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69409485T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2714998B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6024059A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-02-15 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus and method of controlling electromagnetic valve
EP1014395A2 (de) * 1998-12-24 2000-06-28 DaimlerChrysler AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermindern der Geräuschentwicklung bei elektromagnetisch betätigten Vorrichtungen
FR2796752A1 (fr) 1999-07-23 2001-01-26 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de controle et de limitation d'impact pour un actionneur electromecanique
US6363895B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2002-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for controlling a regulator

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19714518A1 (de) * 1997-04-08 1998-10-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Stromsteuerverfahren für ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Hubventil einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19741570A1 (de) * 1997-09-20 1999-03-25 Heinz Leiber Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung
JP3379397B2 (ja) * 1997-08-12 2003-02-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 液圧ブレーキ装置
DE19739840C2 (de) * 1997-09-11 2002-11-28 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung einer elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Stellvorrichtung, insbesondere eines Ventils für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19821548C2 (de) * 1998-05-14 2000-05-31 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Ventils
DE19832196A1 (de) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Auftreffgeschwindigkeit eines Ankers eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators
DE19832198A1 (de) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Regelungsverfahren für die Endphasen-Bewegung eines Ankers eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators
US6292345B1 (en) 1998-09-02 2001-09-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling an electromechanical actuator
FR2799302B1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2002-01-18 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Actionneur electrique notamment pour soupape de moteur de vehicule automobile
DE10248328A1 (de) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Elektromagnetische Ventiltriebvorrichtung mit verdrehgesicherter Neutrallagenverstellschraube
FR2870563B1 (fr) * 2004-05-19 2006-06-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif d'actionnement de soupapes
DE102012023052A1 (de) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Aktor und Ventiltrieb für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE102019104882A1 (de) * 2019-02-26 2020-08-27 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Aktorvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Aktorvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (4)

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US4547087A (en) * 1983-01-20 1985-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Microprocessor-controlled printing mechanism having an opto-electronic sensor
DE3307683C1 (de) * 1983-03-04 1984-07-26 Klöckner, Wolfgang, Dr., 8033 Krailling Verfahren zum Aktivieren einer elektromagnetisch arbeitenden Stelleinrichtung sowie Vorrichtung zum Durchfuehren des Verfahrens
JPH0621531B2 (ja) * 1988-12-28 1994-03-23 いすゞ自動車株式会社 電磁力駆動バルブの制御装置
GB9016600D0 (en) * 1990-07-27 1990-09-12 Richards Keith L Improvements in or relating to an internal combustion engine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6024059A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-02-15 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus and method of controlling electromagnetic valve
US6363895B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2002-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for controlling a regulator
EP1014395A2 (de) * 1998-12-24 2000-06-28 DaimlerChrysler AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermindern der Geräuschentwicklung bei elektromagnetisch betätigten Vorrichtungen
US6560088B1 (en) 1998-12-24 2003-05-06 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method and circuit arrangement for reducing noise produced by electromagnetically actuated devices
FR2796752A1 (fr) 1999-07-23 2001-01-26 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de controle et de limitation d'impact pour un actionneur electromecanique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69409485T2 (de) 1998-09-17
FR2714998B1 (fr) 1996-02-09
FR2714998A1 (fr) 1995-07-13
DE69409485D1 (de) 1998-05-14
EP0662697A1 (de) 1995-07-12

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